INC410 INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

GROUP PROJECT: EVENT PROPOSAL

​Title: Charity Run for Disabled

FACULTY OF BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT

BA242 5A

​SUBMITTED BY

NOOR HAZWANNY BINTI MD HASHIM 2018254662

TENGKU HANIS ADLEEN BINTI TENGKU HASNI SHAH 2018254718

NAWIRAH BINTI MOHAMMED SUFIAN 2018226412

MUHAMMAD HAFIZI BIN ABDUL AZIZ 2018226772

MUHAMMAD NUR IMAN BIN ROZAIRUDIN 2018254462

MUHAMMAD SAFIQNAZUAN BIN MUSA 2019328931

​SUBMITTED TO

NURUL ASYIKIN DERAMAN

​SUBMISSION DATE

1​st​ January 2021

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION 2

2.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT 3

3.0 EVENT OBJECTIVES 4

4.0 SIGNIFICANT EVENT 5

5.0 TARGET AUDIENCE 6

6.0 DETAILS EVENT 7

7.0 IMPLEMENTATION OF STRATEGIES 8

8.0 TENTATIVE 10

9.0 PROMOTIONS 11

10.0 ESTIMATED BUDGET 12

11.0 ORGANIZATION COMMITTEES 14

12.0 ELEMENTS OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION 18

12.1 Message 18
12.2 Receiver 19
12.3 Feedback 20
12.4 Channel 21
12.5 Empathy 22
12.6 Intentions 23
12.7 Verbal Communication 24
12.8 Non Verbal communication 25
12.9 Noise 26
12.10 Source 27
12.11 Listening 28
12.12 Conflict 29
12.13 Perception 30
12.14 Relationship - Friendship 31
12.15 Other Orientation 32
12.16 Responding 33
12.17 Transfer 34
12.18 Interpretation 35
12.19 Barrier 36
12.20 Context 37

13.0 CONCLUSION 39

14.0 APPENDIXES 40

1
1.0 INTRODUCTION

The event that we are planning to organize is called “Charity Run” and the organizers

are students from UiTM Kampus Bandaraya Melaka. We are pleased to request and submit our

proposal to organize the charity run for the year 2020. Our objective of this charity run is to

make sure that the students live healthily since most of the students are always with their laptop

and hand phone and some of them are smoking. That shows that they are not living a healthy

lifestyle. By implementing this event, we hope that we can give a good exposure to the students

so that the students can live a healthy lifestyle. This event is for KBM students but we also open

it to the public. The estimation of the participants would be around 500-700 people. The fee to

participate in this event would be RM40 for students and for the public would be RM45.

Breakfast will be provided also during the event. The fees also come with a certificate, t-shirt,

and medal. The purpose of organizing this charity run event is to raise funds to help the

disability people. One of the main issues of organizing this event is to spread awareness to all

the students and to the public that there are many disability people out there that need our help.

All of the money will be donated to a Non-governmental organization for disability people. They

will help us to distribute the money to the needy people. The money will be spread according to

their needs such as wheelchair, beds, and other facilities.

2
2.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT

I. How the participants receive your fundraising campaigns determines their success? This

also holds true when it comes to the events. Before moving forward with the charity run/walk, it’s

crucial to consider if this type of event will make the most sense for the participant. When you

think of the participant, consider if they are satisfied with the activities in the event If your

supporters embody these traits, you’re off to a good start. Keep in mind that things like

geography, average age, and other audience demographics could impact the decision to host

this type of event. Many things to think about because not only young participants will join this

event but also the older participant could join the event. So, we must think about the activities

that would be suitable with all ages. Which is will satisfied all the participant that join with the

event and the most important is the event will run

II. Difficulties to find a suitable location in the Melaka. Malacca is known as the center of

attractions especially in Bandaraya Melaka. Most of the places in the Bandaraya Melaka is full

with people, either local or tourist which make the city busier in the day. This factor is the reason

why we are having difficulties in choosing the suitable places for the participants to join. The

safety of our participants should be considered while making sure our participants are enjoying

their run in the cities. Many contexts should be considerate by us before choosing the place for

the event. The event should not interrupt the daily activities by the people in Malacca. There

should be an organization such as Rela to take care of the traffic and also the participant so the

event can run smoothly. The path for the run must be organized so it is easier for the participant

to follow the path. All of this requires lots of funds and manpower to find the suitable places and

organize the path for a safer and smoother run.smoothly which follow all the plan.

3
3.0 EVENT OBJECTIVES

a) Advocate for charities and causes through awareness raising and the donation of part of

the proceeds.

b) Encourage and motivate university students through running to improve and strengthen

their mental and physical health.

c) To promote a healthy lifestyle.

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4.0 SIGNIFICANT EVENT

It is a running event designed in the name of charity with the aim of raising funds. You

could be putting yourself at risk, striving to accomplish the unattainable or doing what you enjoy

in certain situations, while supporting someone less fortunate in the process than yourself.

A crucial point to remember is that the tougher the challenge, the greater the goal of

fundraising. The simple explanation is that charities realize that the more daunting your job is,

the more money friends and family choose to donate. Do not be surprised if a marathon run

comes with a fundraising aim for a marathon.

Other than that, this event is to create awareness among the Malaysian especially the

youngsters. As we can see nowadays the youngsters are more addicted to the technologies

such as mobile phones, play stations and more that can affect their healthiness since their

childhood. Therefore, this charity run can ensure their healthiness by participating in the event

and having a good moment that can make them feel better from any stressful moment that they

face.

As well as the opportunity for media coverage, high-profile competitions such as

marathons would have thousands of spectators. This makes these activities a perfect

opportunity for a charitable organisation to raise awareness of their cause. Sporting branded

clothing, runners and support staff can help bring the charity to public recognition and you will

feel extremely proud to contribute to that.

Before, during and after the race, the charity will ensure that it has plenty of support for

its runners. For the weeks leading up to the run, they will provide training plans as well as

fundraising tips and help with other preparations to ensure that when you are on the starting

line, you feel well prepared.

5
5.0 TARGET AUDIENCE

The concept of the target audience is one of the most important things to do before an

event is arranged. The organizer of the event should have a good idea of who would come for

the event. If this event serves information or other purposes besides Fundraising, more

information purposes are intended to attract or invite anyone to engage in exercising activity.

To ensure that the message from the Charity Run event is transmitted well, it is very

important to analyze the correct target public. It can also seem like an intimidating challenge to

decide exactly what sort of education messages and methods can generate the best outcomes

for the target segment and its particular project. Moreover, a general public group of individuals

listed as possible participants of the event would also be a target audience in the event. People

in a target audience share age, location and socioeconomic status.

Defining the target audience helps to build more meaningful events to ensure that all

content or message is transmitted effectively and to rejuvenate the spirit of exercising for the

public and for future. Thus, after the event people will realize the importance of taking

responsibility for healthiness. Furthermore, in terms of demographic segmentation that has

been agreed by the event organizer for this event is 500 people.

It involves the combination of age, location, or socioeconomic status. For an age group

we do not focus on the specified age of the group because this event is open to the public

including children and young adolescents (under 15 years old) and the working-age population

(15-64 years). While, for location we focus on a group of people who live near the event that

took place which is Bandar Melaka. Then, socioeconomic status is about the social standing or

class of an individual or group that is often measured as a combination of education, income

and occupation and also our target audience to give spirit to this audience about how important

this event that gives benefits to the generation in future.

6
6.0 DETAILS EVENT

"Fun Run" is the theme of our event. This means that the event and the participants are

often protected. A fun run is a friendly race involving either road running or cross-country

running with participants competing rather than competition for their own pleasure. In general, a

fun run will take place to raise money for a cause, with sponsors offering profits to offset

operational expenses.

Health problems are a main issue that we are concerned about. Most people do not

know, but by exercising our body can maintain to be in good conditions. Hence, by participating

in any run events such as our, it can help the participants to keep healthy physically and

mentally. This is because regular physical exercise will strengthen the strength of your muscles

and increase your stamina. Exercise provides your tissues with oxygen and nutrients and

makes your cardiovascular system function more effectively. And you have more energy to

handle everyday tasks as your heart and lung health improves.

Physical activity and exercise also can be fun. They give you an opportunity to relax,

enjoy the outdoors or simply participate in activities that make you happy. In a friendly social

environment, physical exercise can also help you interact with family or friends. Physical

exercise activates different chemicals in the brain that may make you feel happier, comfortable

and less nervous. When you exercise regularly, you will even feel better about your appearance

and yourself, which can increase your confidence and raise your self-esteem.

Therefore, run events can help to decrease the health problem among the Malaysian.

Physical activities and exercise is actually an attraction in the country and hopefully this kind of

event gets a lot of better impression and impact towards the generations. Besides, this event

will be held in Malacca city along the riverside in the middle of the state. Although, it started in

the morning which is good for us for having exercise. To conclude, "Fun Run" is an appropriate

theme for this event

7
7.0 IMPLEMENTATION OF STRATEGIES

Planning phase: 4 months before event

During this phase, we will be heavily engaged in goal setting and discussions.

● Develop event committees and chairs - meet at least twice a month and every week a

month before the event

● Discuss event theme, objectives, location, track routes, duration, logo and others

● Set the event date and time

● Begin to divide tasks among committees

● Make a paperwork and required letters

Set up phase: 3 - 2 months before event

● Establish and plan the budget and fundraising goal - track income and expenses

regularly

● Identify potential sponsorships - follow ups regularly

● Outline and reserve logistics, rental equipment, securities, shirts, medals, etc.

● Set menus, decorations, gifts and other essentials

● Prepare media alert and other promotional materials - poster, banner, and others

● Send out participants registration form

Activity phase: 1 month before event

● Compile invitation lists

● Secure sponsorships, track route, permit and insurance, entertainment and others

● Finalize speakers, guests, souvenirs, gifts, certificates, etc.

● Final promotional efforts -

Event week

● Prepare necessary signages and labels

● Meet with security people - route tour

8
 ● Deliver scripts/recognition lists to chairperson/master of ceremonies

● Have necessary checks cut

● Finalize participants registration forms

Event day: D-Day

● Arrive very early and come prepared with emergency phone numbers, first aid kit, office

supplies, insurance paperwork and contract confirmations, guest lists and extra copies of

scripts and instructions

● Do site walkthrough

● Layout registration tables and materials

● Perform equipment check

● It’s flag off and have fun!

Recap phase: After the event

● Thank volunteers, sponsors and donors appropriately

● Tally expenses and income

● Review all aspects of event and prepare final report

● Return borrowed or rented equipment

● Send donations to non-government organization for disabilities

9
8.0 TENTATIVE

10
9.0 PROMOTIONS

For promotion we will promote among students and lecturers in UITM Malacca City

Campus. We will promote this charity run through the WhatsApp group. We will blast this poster

to all WhatsApp groups and we will invite all uitm residents to participate in this charity run

program. With the price of RM40 for students, we believe that this price rate is affordable for

students.

To attract the public to participate in this charity run program, we will blast this poster on

Instagram as well as on Facebook. With this effort, many members of the public will want to

participate in this program because this program aims to help people in need. We also will ask

some instafamous to promote our event to the public in an effort to attract more participants.

Other than that, we will print out this poster to give to the public so they will know about

our event. Our effort is to raise funds as much as possible to give to people in need. If many

participants participate in this charity run program, of course the amount of collection will also be

large.

11
10.0 ESTIMATED BUDGET

REVENUES - SOURCES OF INCOME

ITEMS RM

REGISTRATION FEES STUDENTS: 20,000

PUBLIC: 13,500
TOTAL: 33,500

SPONSORSHIPS 2,500

FUNDRAISING 2,500

FINANCE CLUB 5,000

TOTAL 43,500

EXPENSES

ITEMS AMOUNT RM

RACE T-SHIRTS 700 x RM18 12,600

MEDALS 700 x RM14 9,800

FOODS 900 x RM2 1800

DRINKING WATER (500ml) 33 box x RM12.90 425.70

PRINTING (POSTERS, BANNER, BIBS, - 800

CERTIFICATES)

RENTAL EQUIPMENTS (TENT, TABLE, - 400

CHAIR)

STATIONERY EXPENSES - 200

OTHER MISC. EXPENSES - 150

TOTAL 26,175.70

Profit = Income - Expenses

= RM43,500 - RM26,175.70

= RM17,324.30

12
 We estimated 700 participants for this Charity Run event, both Malacca students and the

public. The registration fees of this event is RM40 and RM45 for students and public

respectively. From 700 participants, we anticipated 500 students and 300 from the public. Our

potential funders are 100Plus, Gardenia, Julie’s, and Majlis Bandaraya Melaka Bersejarah

(MBMB) and we also collect fundraising for this event.

Estimated expenses are as shown in the table above where the race T-shirts is RM18

per piece and medal is RM14 per piece. Foods and beverages as a refreshment for the runners

are drinking water, 100Plus, bread and candies. Stuffs that need to be printed such as posters,

banner, race bibs and certificates accumulated around RM800. Tents, tables and chairs need to

be rented from outsiders, overall price estimation is RM400. Ribbons, goodies bags, plastics,

etc. are under stationary and other miscellaneous expenses.

13
11.0 ORGANIZATION COMMITTEES

BUREAU NAME

PROJECT LEADER MUHAMMAD NUR IMAN BIN ROZAIRUDIN

ASSISTANT OF PROJECT NAWIRAH BINTI MOHAMMED SUFIAN

LEADER

SECRETARY
MUHAMMAD HAFIZI BIN ABDUL AZIZ

TENGKU HANIS ADLEEN BINTI TENGKU HASNI SHAH

14
TREASURER
MUHAMMAD SAFIQNAZUAN BIN MUSA

NOOR HAZWANNY BINTI MD HASHIM

FOOD & BEVERAGES

1. N
​ UR HANNES SOFEA BINTI HISHAM
BUREAU
2. N
​ UR SAFIQAH BINTI LIDON

3. ​NUR SABIHA HANIM BINTI NANANG

HERWANTO

4. MUHAMMAD AMIN BIN ARSYAD

5. KHAIRUNNISA NAJWA BINTI AHMAD SYAMSUL

6. AHMAD AMIRRUDDIN BIN AHMAD WAHAB

1. MUHAMMAD SYAHRIZAT BIN AB HADI

MULTIMEDIA BUREAU
2. IZZ HAIKAL BIN HILMAN

3. NUR ATISHA BINTI HARUN

4. SITI LAILA BINTI KHAIRUDDIN

BUREAU OF PROTOCOL 1. NURIN NAJLA BINTI IKMAL AMRI

2. AHMAD NAJMI BIN NAZRI

3. BATRISYIA IMAN BINTI MUHAMMAD HAKIM

4. SITI MARIAM BINTI MOHD RIZAL

5. ABDUL ZAKI BIN ABDUL MUTHALIB

BUREAU OF SAFETY AND 1. ANAZ MIKHAIL BIN BAHARUDDIN

SPECIAL DUTIES 2. NIK MAISARA BINTI NIK ROMLI

3. NURUL HAZIQAH BINTI MOHD FAIZAL

4. ARIF AIMAN BIN ABDUL NASIR

15
 5. AMAR AZLAN BIN ABD AZIZ

6. ALIAH NATASHA BINTI RIZALUDDIN

7. SITI NABILA BINTI BINTI MUHAMMAD FAUZI

SPONSORSHIP BUREAU 1. NIK MUHAMMAD SYAKIR BIN NIK AZRI

2. MUHAMMAD NUR HUZZAIRI BIN MD RANI

3. FAUZAN FAYYADH BIN MUHAMMAD HAFFIZI

4. NURIN MEDINA ALYA BINTI MOHD

KAMARUDDIN

5. SYAKIRAH AMANINA BINTI KAMARULZAMAN

BUREAU OF SOUVENIR AND 1. AULIA ZAHRAH BINTI KATIMAN

GIFT 2. PUTERI KAMILIA BINTI ADNAN HISHAM

3. AKIL FAUZI BIN MOHD ROSLAN

4. AMAR RIZQI BIN HILMAN

ACTIVITY BUREAU 1. NUR IZZAH NATASHA BINTI ZAMANHURI

2. ABI ZAHRIN BIN ZAMZURI

3. SITI NADIRA IMAN BINTI AHMED ZAKUAN

4. ILYIA NATASHA BINTI AHMAD ZARUL

5. AMIRUL QAISAR BIN MUHAMMED

6. AKILA NATASHA BINTI MUHAMMAD RIZAL

7. NORAINI BINTI ISMAIL

8. NUR HASLINA BINTI ABDULLAH

9. AWIN AZREEN BINTI MUHAMMAD NUR IZAM

BUREAU OF PUBLICITY AND 1. NUR HIDANAH BINTI MD NASIR

16
PRINT 2. NUR DEEYA MELISSA BINTI MUHD FAUZI

3. SITI SARAH BINTI MUHD YUNUS

4. NOOR MADIHAH BINTI MOHD KHAIRI

5. IKHWAN HAZAMI BIN JAMALUDDIN

6. SHEIK ZAFRAN NAUFAL BIN SHEIK KAMARUL

7. AMIRUL AZIM BIN AWALLUDDIN HISYAM

8. HANIFAH UMAIRA BINTI ARIF

9. FARIHAH NADIA BINTI AHMAD JALIL

BUREAU OF LOGISTIC 1. AMALIN NADIA BINTI AHMED RAHIM

2. NURIERA FAZIRAH BINTI ROSLI

3. IFA NADIA NATASHA BINTI ABDUL HADI

4. MUHAMMAD NAUFAIIL HIJAZ BIN MUHAMMAD

NAIM

5. MUHAMMAD SYAHMI BIN FADZLI

6. MOHD FARID AIMAN BIN MOHD YAZID

7. AMIRUL LOKMAN BIN MOHD ISOM

8. SHARIFAH AMANI BINTI SYED DARUS

17
12.0 ELEMENTS OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

12.1 Message

Messages are the written, spoken, and unspoken elements of communication to which

people assign meaning. People can send a message intentionally or unintentionally, verbally,

nonverbally or in written form. ​A ​message (verbal or nonverbal, or both) is the content of the

communication process. A message is defined as data conveyed by words (in speech or

writing) and/or other signs and symbols in rhetorical and communication studies.

A rhetorical act, in other words, is an effort made by the speaker to convince others of

her point of view. In performing a rhetorical act, in an attempt to convince an audience, a

speaker or author creates a message whose shape and form are melded. Nonverbal content,

such as meaningful behavior beyond words, will also include a message. This involves gestures

and body movement, eye contact, artefacts, and clothing, as well as vocal variety, touch, and

timing.

Communication refers to the process of sending and receiving messages, which can

also be referred to as encoding and decoding messages​. Only when the message is understood

and when it stimulates action or encourages the recipient to think in new ways is communication

effective.

Based on the event, the elements of interpersonal communication that are used is a

message. We use the media to spread our event as a message to participants to participate in

our event. For an example, we use ​“WhatsApp” to promote our event and to mention our

purpose for the event to make people interested in joining our event. We explain in detail in the

message to make people clear and understand what we are going to do in order to achieve our

18
goals and objective for our event. We also use other social media to promote our Charity Run

event.

In addition, our event also applied a message in nonverbal ways. For example, we

include our supportive reaction to make the participant more enjoyable and happy in our event.

The more we show our effort, the more the participant will join in our event. People love to look

at an effort from other people to show that it is real.

12.2 Receiver

The person or individual who interprets the message is the receiver of the message.

Message and eventually determine if your message has been understood and appropriate.

Effective communicators are other-oriented; they understand that the listener ultimately makes

sense of the message they express.

The task of the receiver is to interpret the sender's message with as little distortion as

possible, both verbal and nonverbal. The message interpretation process is known as decoding.

Because words and nonverbal signals to various individuals have different meanings.

In order to make the receiver understand, it can cause a few problems in it. The

problems are the recipient is intimidated by the sender's position or authority, leading to a

tension that prevents effective focus on the message and the failure to ask for the necessary

clarification and the receiver is close-minded to new and different ideas and unreceptive to

them. Knowledge of social or cultural contexts can prevent the recipient from collecting signals

or responding appropriately as well. Relational contexts can also color a message, as

messages from close friends may be received differently from a job supervisor's message.

Based on our event, the receiver is our participant for the Charity Run event. Every

activity happened during the event, the organizer should explain to the participant in proper

19
ways and be clear to avoid any issues. For example, the organizer explains in detail about the

tentativeness of the program without using any confusing words that can cause the receiver to

be misunderstood. In our event, our participants are university’s students which we need to be

more careful in every word we say. In order to be a good receiver, the sender of the information

should also have a good skill in communication.

12.3 Feedback

Receivers are not just passive message absorbers; they receive and react to the

message. A recipient's response to the sender's message is called Feedback. Feedback is the

reaction of your audience; it allows you to assess the effectiveness of your message. We talk to

someone, listen and respond, we will listen and respond to this response.

If it is not clear to the sender that the receiver has understood, communication continues,

for instance, through follow-up questions from either party, further discussion, or the sender

giving examples, rephrasing the data, or other means of clarification to get the sender and

receiver on the same so-called "wavelength." The sender could show it in a presentation.

The more signals and channels that the recipient has and is open to receiving are often

better; for example, it can be easy to misconstrue tone or subtext in an email or text message,

while if the recipient hears the voice of the person or speaks face to face with them, that same

message would clearly come through.

Feedback in the interpersonal environment provides a running account of the reception

of a message by a receiver. Obvious indications, such as direct questions, show how well the

data is processed by a receiver. But information may also be provided by subtle indicators. For

example, the yawn of a receiver, silence when comments are expected, or boredom indicates

that selective exposure gates may be in operation.

20
 Based on the event, we will have our own role or task for the programme during the

discussion of this project. We will be designated by the team leader to do this or that. We'll listen

to the instructions and respond to them. So the feedback from this reaction makes

communication more efficient within the members of the group or organizer.

Other than that, the responses from the applicant are also feedback. For example, we

need an amount of students that will participate for our event to estimate the food we provide is

enough for them. Participants need to confirm their registration and respond to the form or any

other platform that we use for the registration of the event. . Their response is very important to

us. Next, before the event begins, we will explain how the activities work and if they follow the

instruction without failing, that means they listen to our information and respond to it with action.

12.4 Channel

A communication channel refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a

wire, or to a logical link in telecommunications and computer networking through a multiplexed

medium such as a radio channel. If you’re typical, you receive messages through a variety of

channels that include mediated channels such as text messaging, e-mail, phone, video

conference, Facebook, or Twitter.

Channel of communication can refer to the techniques or methods that we use to

communicate and to the specific tools we use in the communication process. There are many

types of channel communication such as face-to-face conversation, emails, written letters and

memo, chat and messaging and blogs. We can communicate in different ways, such as written

communication, verbal communication, non-verbal communication, and visual communication.

Effective communication depends on choosing a suitable communication channel for our

message. When selecting a communication medium, factors to consider include the need for

21
feedback and the purpose of your message. We need to determine, for example, whether

communication is part of a normal routine or a special need.

In our event, we use social media as our channel communication to promote our charity

event. Nowadays, there are many types of channel communication that can make the

information easy to deliver to the receiver. The effectiveness of communication channels can be

evaluated based on richness and opportunity for feedback. For example, we use social media to

spread the information about our charity event to attract people from other countries or in

Melaka especially students to join our event.

12.5 Empathy

Empathy is the ability to understand and comprehend another person's emotions and

behaviour. This skill, which can be trained, facilitates relationships between individuals.

Empathy is a key element of interpersonal relations. We talk commonly about "putting ourselves

into the shoes of another person." one thing we should know about is that being empathetic

does not mean to experience all that the other person lives to understand. A starting point for us

to be empathetic is to recognize, to identify and be able to manage our emotions. It enables us

to control ourselves with our emotions, impulses and frustrations. Furthermore, the goal of this

event is not only the participants can grow healthy but can also cultivate a sense of empathy for

others. This empathy is one of the hardest things to achieve. This is because sympathy is just

seeing but empathy is not only seeing but feeling how they feel in their lives. So this event

wants participants to be able to evoke feelings of empathy in themselves.

Next, participants will learn to be more empathetic to people who have shortcomings in

their lives. Empathy will arise when they feel the lives of people in distress in terms of food,

shelter and more. So this event wants to cultivate a sense of empathy not only for the difficult

people but the people around them as well. So the participants who participated in this event

22
can help people who are in trouble. So the donations they make will help those whose lives are

not the same as others. For example, those who are short of money, they also want to eat good

food like others but they cannot afford to have it. Even their daily food is painted as a result of

having to be frugal in their daily lives. There are also those who have to eat only once a day due

to fear of the next day there is no food to eat.

12.6 Intentions

Intention is the key to successful communication. The reason why we need to state our

intention at the beginning of the conversation is that we can be very clear about what the

conversation will be leading to and what your goal is. If the person (receiver) knows your

intentions, then it can help them to understand you better and they can focus on what you're

going to say. Based on the event, our intention is to help people in distress so that their burdens

can be reduced. So our intention is for the participants to know that there are people out there

who are in trouble in experiencing their lives. In this event, we need to state our intention so that

they know the goal of this event, this is so that our event goal can be achieved. This event is

held so that people who are in trouble know that there are still others who want to help them and

our job is just to be an intermediary in contributing funds to those in need. Some people are

afraid to channel donations to those in need, this is because they are afraid of irresponsible

agencies misusing the money that should be channeled to those in need but irresponsible

parties have used the money for their own benefit.

Next, our intention for this event is not only to be able to contribute funds to those in

need, this charity run can also help them to be healthy physically and mentally. Not everyone

can relax because they are too busy with work and assignments that need to be completed. So

with this opportunity they can have fun together with other participants. Physical and mental

health can help them in completing their work or assignment faster and easier. This is because

23
a smart mind and a fit body are able to produce a more perfect work or assignment. In this

event they can also add their contacts by getting to know other participants. This event is also

able to relieve their stress with their assignment and work for a while.

12.7 Verbal Communication

The use of words for the sharing of information with others is verbal communication.

Therefore, both speech and written communication can be included. There are many different

kinds of communication skills. They range between the obvious to subtler. Speaking effectively

involves three main areas: your words, your speech and how, with other non-verbal

communication, you consolidate them. All of these affect the way your message is transmitted

and how your audience receives and understands it. Your choice of words should be carefully

considered. In various situations, even when discussing the same subject, you may need to use

different words. The efficiency of the verbal communication varies depending on the speaker's

voice, clarity, body language and more. In the event of verbal communication, the feedback

shall be immediate since the sender and the receiver shall send and receive the message at the

same time. In our event, we do questions and answer sessions so that there would be 2-way

communication between the speaker and the client. We also use simple easy words for

everyone to understand us easily.

Next, by having regular and professional interactions, we would be able to establish

good interpersonal relationships even outside communication events. It is just as important to

communicate with our team as it is to interact with our participants. Often small engaging

gestures like checking in can go a long way in building relationships and establishing

long-lasting relationships. By knowing the needs of our participant and team, you will be

sensitive when things go haywire and be able to quickly put out any possible fires before they

even happen. Effective communication approaches build a sense of harmony and mutual

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respect by continuous interaction. For the event, we hope that our verbal communication can

help the participants to understand all the instructions and messages we want. It is because,

through verbal communication this is one of the important things to understand all the

instructions and messages we want to convey.

12.8 Non Verbal communication

People often think that in order for us to have communication, we need to use words.

Well, interpersonal communication is much more than using words. We can also express

ourselves in non-verbal ways. Non-verbal communication includes facial expressions, voice

tone and pitch, and body language gestures. These nonverbal signals can provide insights and

further information as well as meaning beyond the spoken word. Non-verbal communication

helps people to or modify what is said in words, convey information about their emotional state,

define or reinforce the relationship between people, provide feedback to the other person and

regulate the flow of communication. In this event, there are so many non-verbal communications

used such as the emcee asking for a pen from his team member.

Furthermore, nonverbal communication also tells Non-verbal communication skills will

create a positive or negative impression. Crossed arms may seem defensive. Bad posture can

seem unprofessional. Looking down or avoiding eye contact can make you appear confident.

Nonverbal also important for each of our team because it shows professionalism with our

participants. Nonverbal also can build our self-confidence when talking to the participants.

Because it is not easy to talk to people out there even more so when in an event. So the

importance of body gesture, face impression and body language can help to communicate with

our participants. Some people or participants understand nonverbal communication better than

verbal communication. So this non-verbal communication is also important and needs to be

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applied to every member in our team event. Then we will practice to improve our nonverbal

communication when confronted with our participants.

12.9 Noise

A communication noise refers to influences on effective communication that affect

conversation interpretation. Communication noise can have a profound impact on both our

perception of social interaction, interactions with others and our analysis of our own

communication skills, although often looked over. Psychological noise, physical noise,

environmental and semantic noise are among the types of communication noise. All these forms

of noise have a subtle, yet significant impact on our communication with others and are vital to

the abilities of anybody as a competent communicator.

Psychological noise results are from predefined concepts, such as generalisations,

credibility, beliefs, and assumptions, brought to conversations. We can easily become blinded to

their original message when we come into a conversation with ideas about what the other

person will say and why. This can be relatable to all of the conversations with friends, lecturer

and others, and it also can have a lot of distractions between it.

Any external or environmental signal that distracts us from receiving a communicator's

actual message is called Physical Noise. Physical noise examples include others speaking in

the background, background music, a startling noise, and recognising someone outside the

conversation. This can be relatable with the noise of the event such as loud announcements,

loud songs and the sounds of everyone’s talking.

Environmental noise is known as an external noise that can possibly affect

communication skills. Any type of vision for example car accident, TV show, sound such as

talking, music, ringtones, or stimuli tapping on the shoulder that can distract someone from

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receiving the message may be these noises. The success of the message transmission from the

sender to the receiver can be significantly affected by these noises. Another example that is

relatable from our event is that every event will have a very loud speaker and that will distract

others by communicating with each other.

Semantic noise is a noise that the sender often causes (also known as either the

encoder or the source). This type of noise occurs when the receiver (the decoder) cannot

understand, or cannot clearly understand, the grammar or technical language that is used. It

happens when a word or a phrase is used by the sender of the message that we don't know the

meaning of, or which we use in a different way from the speakers.

12.10 Source

Source communication or we can call it as a sender communication and it is one of the

basic communicating concepts. A source is a method that generates messages that one would

like to communicate or recreate in space or time as accurately as possible elsewhere. A source

can be modelled, in order of increasing generality, as memoryless, understanding strategic,

stationary, or stochastic. A transmitter can be an instrument, such as a sensor, or a human

transmitter, such as a speaker.

For example, in a university lecturers or professors are a source of communication to all

the students by teaching all the subjects. Another example is in bank, a bank is a source of

communication too. The sender and receiver must share the same code in order for

communication to be effective. The sender and receiver roles are normally replaceable in

ordinary communication. The issuer fulfils the expressive or emotional function, in which

feelings, emotions, and thoughts are expressed, depending on the functions of the language.

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 The most complete research database for communication studies is Communication

Source. It provides hundreds of leading communication journals, magazines and other sources

covering all related fields, including social studies, art history, speech pathology, discussion and

hyperbole.

In this charity event, we can relate that the source of communication we used is that we

are the issuer and the participants are the receiver or sender. The information that was given or

sent to the receiver can be related to the source of communication.

12.11 Listening

In the communication process, listening is the ability to accurately receive and interpret

messages. For all effective communication, listening is key. Messages are easily misunderstood

without the capacity to listen effectively. As a result, communication breaks down and the

message sender can get frustrated or irritated easily. If you should aim to master if there is one

communication skill, then listening is it.

Listening process is when someone is talking and you have to listen. In order to

understand others, you need to hear and listen to what people say and explain it to you.

Unfortunately, hearing and listening is not the same. Hearing applies to the sounds that come

into your ears. It is a physical process that happens automatically, provided you do not have any

hearing problems. However, listening needs more than that, it requires concentration and

concentrated effort, both mental and sometimes physical as well.

An example that is relatable is when someone is giving you advice, you can hear it by

walking and playing your phone, but if you apply it by listening, it means that you are focusing

on what they are saying. Listening is when you are focusing and take note clearly of what they

are talking. One of the main points is that you have to be focused in order for you to listen.

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 In our charity event, the participants need to listen to all the terms and conditions. They

need to know what to do, where to start, where to take food. In order for them to know all about

the information, they need to listen to the announcement that will be given on that day. Listening

is one of the most important communications elements that need to be applied.

12.12 Conflict

Conflict happens in interactions where incompatible goals, scarce resources, or

opposing viewpoints are real or perceived. Along a continuum ranging from a nearly

imperceptible cold shoulder to a very obvious blowout, interpersonal conflict may be expressed

verbally or nonverbally. However, interpersonal conflict is distinct from interpersonal violence,

which involves abuse beyond communication.

Conflict can take a negative emotional toll and is an inevitable part of close relationships.

It takes effort to ignore someone or be passive aggressive, and there are valid negative feelings

about the anger or guilt we may feel after blowing up at someone. But sometimes, conflict is not

always negative or unproductive arguments.

Relationships, friendship, family or any kind of relationship will always have conflict. No

relationship that has no conflict at all. There is always conflict in every conversation, is either

that you make it towards negative or positive. In university, there are always conflicts between

groupmate, classmates, or between lecturers. You can’t run away from conflicts but you can try

to manage it in a positive way and deal with it properly. Try to solve the conflict in a good way.

An example that I can give that is relatable with our charity event is that, conflict between

distributing the task to all the crew, conflict in organizing the event, how to plan and conflict

between handling the budget, sponsorship and all. In every event, there will always be conflict

that they have to solve because conflict is one of the communication basic elements.

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12.13 Perception

Perception is the act of learning about the world and making sense of what you are

doing. Our perception towards something is decided by ourselves. We see what happens

around us in our daily life, if it is good then we practice it but if it is not then we can correct or

ignore it. In which, interpersonal perception is the process by which we decide what people like

and give meaning to their action.

To conduct this event involves a lot of people from committee, manpower, sponsors,

participants and others. We work with different people that we are not familiar with and

someone new. Therefore, it is normal for us to have perception towards others before and after

meeting them. Usually, we are scared of the people we are going to meet for the first time, we

might think the worst of them, they must be unfriendly, tough to work with, fussy or otherwise we

think positively of them.

It is all our perceptions from how we see, hear or experience it before. It is relevant

because we have to perceive our surroundings to make a successful event and create

awareness to others. For instance, before we decide to make an event, we brainstorm what

events that have meaning. Different people with different ideas and experiences are together

but with one focus which is to conduct an event that creates meaning to another party. Variety

of choices of events to consider but particularly want an event that can give back to society.

After hearing and gathering all information, we organize them into categories that are

easy to understand, for example label it as charity. Then, we link it together and fill the gap

when necessary. Lastly, deciding which event is suitable to conduct by making sense out of the

information that has been gathered and what people like the most.

Moreover, during this situation, we are most likely to perceive others and make

impressions. We sometimes unconsciously observe and think what they said. Whether it is good

or bad, we always make perception of others

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12.14 Relationship - Friendship

A relationship is a connection that we create when we communicate with another

person. Meanwhile, an interpersonal relationship is a perception of an ongoing interdependent

connection shared by two individuals that results in the growth of relational expectations and

varies in interpersonal intimacy. Friendship is a relationship of choice that exists over time

between people.

In an event, which sometimes we went with our friends or alone where we can

strengthen the bond or make new friends. Communication is the bridge for people to create a

new relationship, from being strangers to being best friends. This event will be conducted by

students which most likely relies with each other, so communication is important for the event to

be successful.

This element is good because during an event, we will meet a lot of people of different

ages. We as a university students should start making friends and create social networks with

another person than our own friends. We never know what kind of people they are if we do not

interact with them. Finding a friend that has the same similarities of interest is hard, however it is

not wrong to interact with them because we can learn the differences of other people. On top of

that, we can improve our communication skills by talking with strangers.

Furthermore, friendship is a beautiful relationship between friends. In college, we mostly

did everything with friends, from spending time together with activities to having each other

during difficult times. Friendship can be in any form either same-sex or cross-sex friendships as

long as both parties understand each other and accept the differences.

Sometimes we learn to live through relationships with other people - our beliefs, values,

attitudes, needs, interests, desires, fears, and hopes. By offering comfort, helping us handle the

mundane and cope with stress, shaping our personality, and providing material assistance,

friends play an important part in our lives.

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12.15 Other Orientation

Other oriented person is when someone is mindful of another person's feelings, needs,

knowledge, personality, emotions, motivations, interests, culture, and priorities while also

preserving your own dignity. Being other-oriented involves a lot of skills, not everyone

understands each other. In addition to responding to others respectfully and ethically, becoming

other-oriented means creating optimistic, positive attitudes towards yourself and others.

Sometimes, we may speak without the thoughts of the listeners either unintentionally or

intentionally. Discussing the idea of the event with committees is a challenge for everyone. We

have different opinions when voicing out the ideas. There must be a person that is an egocentric

communicator, talking without giving much thought to the listeners. Hence, the leader must be

other-oriented when making decisions by taking note of everyone's thoughts and feelings.

A person that is thoughtful of others is good when conducting this event because we

deal with people. We mostly talked with each other about the event, so to not get into conflicts

or misunderstanding that will create uproar, we must understand everyone’s feelings before

responding. It also may happen when we first meet with people, we minimise our confusion

about how they are going to communicate with us by listening to and watching them which may

help us to understand their thoughts and feelings more.

Moreover, we decided to conduct this charity event for the less unfortunate people. We

care for their needs and thought that it would be good to make them smile with a small

contribution from us. Other than that, we want to raise disabilities awareness in creating

positive, happiest and healthy society among the public and students.

In order to become other-oriented, we need to listen to and understand others because

people view differently on some things. However, finding common things sparks the

conversation and keeps the discussion and relationship interesting. Thus, meeting and

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communicating with a lot of different kinds of people in our lives can improve our understanding

towards other people.

12.16 Responding

Responding skill is as important as listening skill. It comes with both, it is natural and

normal to respond to what you hear. The quality of your communication will be increased,

regardless of your intention, when you respond to others efficiently and appropriately. It is

important to pay attention to them and allow them to convey their thoughts before you give a

thoughtful answer if you are talking to someone in person.

Ideas and opinions are overflowing when working in a team and sometimes the ideas

are overlapping. It is good to hear that everyone wants to give out their idea but when everyone

is talking at the same time, no one exactly listens. The best way is to take turns to talk, listen

and let others finish the sentence then respond appropriately. In order to make a point, if you

need to interrupt someone from talking, do so mindfully rather than compulsively and

thoughtlessly.

Sometimes, either working with teammates or external parties are stressful and harder to

come out with solutions, we will find friends that know our struggles. As a person we should

know that giving social support is really helpful. You can help them to lift the burden by giving

positive, sincere, supportive messages, both verbal and nonverbal to them. For example,

offering messages that help the individual pursue his or her own solution, lets the other person

know that you understand his or her situations and you are available to help them.

Furthermore, we should respond well towards feedback. Feedback is important for the

event to improve in future. If it is a good feedback and compliments, responses sincerely that

we are thankful for his or her participants or contributions. Meanwhile, acknowledging the

mistakes or problems happen during the event would be the best choices when getting negative

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feedback. Responding irrelevantly can create unnecessary conflicts which can be avoided with

careful responses.

12.17 Transfer

Interpersonal communication is the process by which people exchange information,

feelings, and meaning through verbal and non-verbal messages: it is face-to-face

communication. Interpersonal communication is not just about what is actually said - the

language used - but how it is said and the non-verbal messages sent through tone of voice,

facial expressions, gestures and body language.

When two or more people are in the same place and are aware of each other's

presence, then communication is taking place, no matter how subtle or unintentional. Without

speech, an observer may be using cues of posture, facial expression, and dress to form an

impression of the other's role, emotional state, personality and/or intentions. Although no

communication may be intended, people receive messages through such forms of non-verbal

behaviour.

Since interpersonal communication requires the exchange of information through face to

face communication, the transfer of information plays the major roles in this context. Message

not only means the speech used or information conveyed, but also the non-verbal messages

exchanged such as facial expressions, tone of voice, gestures and body language. Non-verbal

behaviour can convey additional information about the spoken message. In particular, it can

reveal more about emotional attitudes which may underlie the content of speech.

Transfer of information in interpersonal communication is quite challenging because you

only rely on the face to face interaction. Unlike indirect communication such as written

messages you can clearly understand and even when you don’t, you still have the written

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message that you can refer back to and slowly digest the intended message that you want to

share. The information flow process also known as the information transfer model refers to the

information transmitted from one person to another (Eisenberg, Goodall Jr. & Trethewey, 2014).

This is a great way to communicate because managers can clearly give orders to workers.

For example, according to the objective of the event; there are many conversations

between our speaker and students and interactions among the participants within the activities.

Either students, lecturers, participants, or even committees can be a sender and receiver based

on their communication. There also are many activities that will be used for communication. For

example, coloring, and drawing. Indirectly, we learn how to receive the message or instruction

nicely. Other than that, there is communication happening between the organizer as a sender

and participant as a receiver.

12.18 Interpretation

Another element of interpersonal communication is interpretation. Interpretation is a

communication process, designed to reveal meanings and relationships of our cultural and

natural heritage, through involvement with objects, artifacts, landscapes and sites. It should be

stressed that interpretive communications is not simply presenting information, but a specific

communication strategy that is used to translate that information for people, from the technical

language of the expert, to the everyday language of the visitor.

Where do the basic strategies, techniques and principles of interpretive communications

come from? It is important to remember that the communication process of interpretation did not

spontaneously appear one day. Interpretation (the profession, and the techniques and

approaches) are a wonderful mix from communication principles from many other professions.

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 Interpretation is not topic or resource specific. The interpretive communication process

can be used for interpreting anything, any subject. If the interpretive communication is effective,

then education can occur about that subject. Interpretation is an objective driven, and audience

focused process that looks for results where the accomplishment of stated objectives.

Interpretation is one of the crucial parts in interpersonal communication. This is because

it reflects how we decode the message from the sender and to measure whether the intended

message that wants to be shared is received or not. The communication process used to

"interpret" information is based on Tilden's Interpretive Principles (Tilden, 1954). Tilden's basic

communication principles are also the ones you will find in every first year marketing or

advertising text book on successful communication with your market (audience). - First, the

communication must provoke curiosity, attention and interest in the audience. If you can't get

their attention, they won't even stop at an exhibit, want to attend a program, or pay attention

during programs.

For example, in our event at the end of the day, all the participants are going to know

about the real objective of all the activity which is beside having a fun run, they also can observe

the beautiful environment of Malacca River which has been develop for years until it can be

tourist attraction in Malacca.

12.19 Barrier

The language barrier is one of the main barriers that limit effective communication.

Language is the most commonly employed tool of communication. The fact that each major

region has its own language is one of the Barriers to effective communication. Sometimes even

a thick dialect may render the communication ineffective. As per some estimates, the dialects of

every two regions change within a few kilometres. Even in the same workplace, different

employees will have different linguistic skills. Language barriers are the most common

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communication barriers that trigger misunderstandings and misinterpretations between people.

Failure to use a language known to others causes contact unreliable and prevents the

transmission of messages. This barrier language occurs when some members do not

understand English well. As a result, the communication channels that span across the

organization would be affected by this.

For example, many conditions happen from the first until last event. There are problems

that we faced such as at first we had conflict with budget, which is, we do not get enough

budget. We thought this event could not be continued due to that problem. However, we were

able to handle it and we successfully continued the plan. After that we enjoyed this charity run

event, we also can create a strong relationship between our committee. The communication

happens when participants hear and follow the instruction from the organizer. In addition, all

participants enjoy the event.

Attitude barriers are also one of the barriers in our event where certain people like to be

alone. As there are participants that do not want to follow instruction from the organizer. There

is the problem that organizers face when their attitude does not want to cooperate with the

organizer.

12.20 Context

Context is one of the basic components of human communication. It refers to the setting

in which communication is taking place. However, there are several different kinds of

communication context to consider. Context also refers to the setting in which communication

takes place. The context helps establish meaning and can influence what is said and how it is

said.

Context is the circumstances surrounding a message. The circumstances might include

the setting, the value positions of the people, and appropriateness of a message. This means

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considering your audience, the forum under which you are speaking, the era, and accepted

norms There are at least four aspects in regards to this idea: physical, cultural,

social-psychological, and temporal.

The first is physical context. This refers to the tangible environment in which the

communication is taking place. It is important to tailor one's communication to the physical area;

someone would scarcely speak the same way in a sports bar as they would in a place of

worship. The second is cultural and psychological context. Communication will be interpreted in

different ways based on the general feeling of the participants as well as the zeitgeist of the

time. It goes without saying that there's a time and a place for most points to be made. This

context narrows the points that can be made effectively to a certain group of people.

Finally, there is temporal context, or context within context. This is the context of when a

certain point can be made, or a message sent, within a conversation itself. Those skilled in

rhetoric know that you can't just blurt out the most stirring part of your speech—you have to

build to it. Similarly, when delivering grave or tragic news, it is best to place the hard-hitting

information where the blow can best be softened.

Our event can be considered a formal event because the participant is among the

students and the public. Moreover, this event is only for fun but also must have a good outcome

such bonding among the committee and participants. In this event, the context element should

be considered to create effective communication. We as an organizer always communicate with

participants and will face relationship conflict because we never knew the participant before.

Certain of the participants will not be satisfied with what we do and they will not really be

involved in this event. Therefore, we will make sure there is no conflict happening during this

event to make it run smoothly.

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13.0 CONCLUSION

Doing charity is not something new that we have learned. Many people out there have

been helping other people that need help. Our main objective and purpose for this charity is to

help those disabled people that cannot afford to sustain life and buy their equipment. Normally

people or an organization would help and donate to orphans, to the mosque, homeless or to

those who need helps in terms of money but for us, we decided to choose and donate the

money to disabled people because we think that not all people know the struggles that disabled

people lived without having money or not having fully equipped. By having this charity, we hope

that we can help to give them a better life or help them in terms of their needs. As has been

mentioned, we are going to give the money to the NGO and they will distribute the money

according to the people in need. By doing this charity, we are also giving all the students and

other participants an opportunity to live a healthy lifestyle and always be kind to anyone even by

donating some money. Last but not least, after planning and the preparation, we really hope that

you can consider our proposal and it would be an honour for us if you can give us the

opportunity to help those people in need.

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14.0 APPENDIXES

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