Differentiation 9D

1 a Let =
y x(1 + 3 x)5 c Let
= y x 3 (2 x + 6) 4

Let u = x and v= (1 + 3 x)5 u x 3 and=

Let= v (2 x + 6) 4

du dv du dv
Then =1 and =3 × 5(1 + 3 x) 4 Then = 3 x 2 and= 8(2 x + 6)3
dx dx dx dx
(using the chain rule)
dy dv du
dy dv du Using = u + v
Using = u + v dx dx dx
dx dx dx
dy
dy =x3 × 8(2 x + 6)3 + (2 x + 6) 4 × 3 x 2
= x × 15(1 + 3 x) 4 + (1 + 3 x)5 ×1 dx
dx
= x 2 (2 x + 6)3 ( 8 x + 3(2 x + 6) )
= (1 + 3 x) 4 (15 x + 1 + 3 x)
(1 + 3 x) 4 (1 + 18 x)
= =x 2 (2 x + 6)3 (14 x + 18)
= x 2 × 23 ( x + 3)3 × 2(7 x + 9)
b Let=y 2 x(1 + 3 x 2 )3 = 16 x 2 ( x + 3)3 (7 x + 9)

Let u= 2 x and v= (1 + 3 x 2 )3 d =
Let y 3 x 2 (5 x − 1) −1

du dv u 3 x 2 and=
Let= v (5 x − 1) −1
Then= 2 and= 18 x(1 + 3 x 2 ) 2
dx dx
du dv
dy dv du Then 6 x and
= −5(5 x − 1) −2
=
Using = u + v dx dx
dx dx dx
dy dv du
dy Using = u + v
= 2 x ×18 x(1 + 3 x 2 ) 2 + (1 + 3 x 2 )3 × 2 dx dx dx
dx
=(1 + 3 x 2 ) 2 ( 36 x 2 + 2(1 + 3 x 2 ) ) dy
= 3 x 2 × ( −5(5 x − 1) −2 ) + (5 x − 1) −1 × 6 x
dx
(1 + 3 x 2 ) 2 (42 x 2 + 2)
=
−15 x 2 (5 x − 1) −2 + 6 x(5 x − 1) −1
=
2(1 + 3 x 2 ) 2 (21x 2 + 1)
=
= 3 x(5 x − 1) −2 ( −5 x + 2(5 x − 1) )
= 3 x(5 x − 2)(5 x − 1) −2

2 a=
Let y e −2 x (2 x − 1)5
Let=u e −2 x and= v (2 x − 1)5
du dv
Then = −2e −2 x and = 10(2 x − 1) 4
dx dx
dy dv du
Using = u + v
dx dx dx
dy
= e −2 x ×10(2 x − 1) 4 + (2 x − 1)5 (−2e −2 x )
dx
= e −2 x (2 x − 1) 4 (10 − 2(2 x − 1) )
= e −2 x (2 x − 1) 4 (12 − 4 x)
−4( x − 3)(2 x − 1) 4 e −2 x
=

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 2 b Let y = sin 2 x cos 3 x 3 a=y x 2 (3 x − 1)3
= Let u sin= 2 x and v cos 3 x
du dv u x 2 and=
Let= v (3 x − 1)3
Then = 2 cos 2 x and = −3sin 3 x
dx dx
dy dv du du dv
Using = u + v Then = 2 x and = 9(3 x − 1) 2
dx dx dx dx dx
dy
=sin 2 x(−3sin 3 x) + cos 3 x(2 cos 2 x) dy dv du
dx Using the product rule = u + v
= 2 cos 2 x cos 3 x − 3sin 2 x sin 3 x dx dx dx
dy
= x 2 × 9(3 x − 1) 2 + (3 x − 1)3 × 2 x
c Let y = e x sin x dx
=Let u e= x
and v sin x = x(3 x − 1) 2 ( 9 x + 2(3 x − 1) )
du dv =x(3 x − 1) 2 (15 x − 2) (∗)
Then
= e=
x
and cos x
dx dx
dy dv du At the point (1, 8), x = 1.
Using = u + v
dx dx dx
dy Substituting x = 1 into expression (*):
= e x cos x + sin x e x = e x (sin x + cos x)
dx
dy
=1 × 22 ×13 =52
d Let y = sin(5 x) ln(cos x) dx
= Let u sin= 5 x and v ln(cos x) 1

du b y 3 x(2 x + 1) 2
=
Then = 5cos 5 x
dx 1

dv 1 u 3 x and=
Let= v (2 x + 1) 2
and = (− sin x) × − tan x
=
dx cos x
dy dv du du
Using = u + v Then =3
dx dx dx dx
dy dv 1 −1 −1
= sin(5 x)(− tan x) + 5cos(5 x) ln(cos x) and =2 × (2 x + 1) 2 =
(2 x + 1) 2
dx dx 2
= 5cos 5 x ln (cos x) − tan x sin 5 x
dy dv du
Using the product rule = u + v
dx dx dx

dy −1 1
= 3 x(2 x + 1) 2 + 3(2 x + 1) 2
dx
= 3(2 x + 1)
− 12
( x + (2 x + 1) )
− 12
=3(3 x + 1)(2 x + 1) (∗)

At the point (4, 36), x = 4.

Substituting x = 4 into (*):

dy −1 1
=3 ×13 × 9 2 =3 ×13 × =13
dx 3

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3 c y=
( x − 1)(2 x + 1) −1  π
5

5 =
y  x −  sin 2 x
 2
Let u = (2 x + 1) −1
x − 1 and v = 5
 π
Let u =
 x −  and v =
sin 2 x
du dv  2
Then 1 and
= −2(2 x + 1) −2
= 4
dx dx du  π dv
=5  x −  and = 2 cos 2 x
dy dv du dx  2 dx
Using the product rule = u + v dy dv du
dx dx dx Using = u + v
dx dx dx
dy 5 4
= ( x − 1) ( −2(2 x + 1) −2 ) + (2 x + 1) −1 ×1 dy  π  π
= x −  2 cos 2 x + sin 2 x × 5  x − 
dx dx  2  2
= (2 x + 1) −2 ( −2( x − 1) + (2 x + 1) ) 4
 π   π 
3(2 x + 1) −2
= (∗)  x −   2  x −  cos 2 x + 5sin 2 x 
=
 2   2 

 1 π
At the point  2,  , x = 2. When x = ,
 5 4
4
dy  π    π  π π
Substituting x = 2 into (*): = −   2  −  cos + 5sin 
dx  4    4  2 2
dy 3 π 4
5π 4
3 5−2 =
=× = (0 +=
5)
dx 25 256 256

4 y= ( x − 2) 2 (2 x + 3)
Let u = ( x − 2) 2 and v = (2 x + 3)
du dv
Then = 2( x − 2) and = 2
dx dx
dy dv du
Using = u + v
dx dx dx
dy
= ( x − 2) 2 × 2 + (2 x + 3) × 2( x − 2)
dx
= 2( x − 2)( x − 2 + 2 x + 3)
=2( x − 2)(3 x + 1)

dy
At stationary points =0
dx
2( x − 2)(3 x + 1) =
0
(=
x − 2) 0 or (3= x + 1) 0
1
∴= x 2 or −
3
x =2 ⇒ y =0
2
1  7   7  343
x =− ⇒ y =−    =
3  3   3  27
So the stationary points are
 1 343 
(2, 0) and  − , 
 3 27 

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6 y = x 2 cos ( x 2 ) 7 y 3 x 2 (5 x − 3)3
=
2
=Let u x= and v cos ( x 2 ) Let=u 3 x 2 and= v (5 x − 3)3
du dv du dv
= 2 x and = −2 x sin ( x 2 ) = 6 x and= 15(5 x − 3) 2
dx dx dx dx
dy dv du dy dv du
Using = u + v Using = u + v
dx dx dx dx dx dx
dy dy
=− x 2 ( 2 x sin ( x 2 ) ) + cos ( x 2 ) × 2 x = 3 x 2 ×15(5 x − 3) 2 + 6 x(5 x − 3)3
dx dx
= 2 x ( cos( x 2 ) − x 2 sin( x 2 ) ) = 3 x(5 x − 3) 2 (15 x + 2(5 x − 3) )
=3 x(5 x − 3) 2 (25 x − 6)
π Hence A = 3, n = 2, B = 25 and C = −6.
When x = ,
2
dy  π π π 8 a y= ( x + 3) 2 e3 x
= π  cos − sin 
dx  4 4 4 Let u = ( x + 3) 2 and v = e3 x
 1 π  π  π du dv
= π =2( x + 3) and = 3e3 x
−  = 2 1 − 4  dx dx
 2 4 2  
dy dv du
Using = u + v
dx dx dx
 π π 2 dy
Equation of tangent at P  ,  is =( x + 3) 2 × 3e3 x + e3 x × 2( x + 3)
 2 8  dx
π 2 π  π  π = e3 x ( x + 3) ( 3( x + 3) + 2 )
y− = 1 −   x − 
8 2  4  2  = e3 x ( x + 3)(3 x + 11)
 π  π
8y − π =2 4 2π 1 −   x −  dy
 4  2  b When x = 2, = e6 × 5 × 17 = 85e6
dx
 π Hence the gradient at point C is 85e6.
8 y − π 2= 2π (4 − π)  x − 
 2 
9 a =
Let y (2sin x − 3cos x) ln 3 x
π 2 Let u =−2sin x 3cos x and v = ln 3 x
8 y − π 2= 2π (4 − π) x − (4 − π)
2 du dv 1
Then = 2 cos x + 3sin x and =
π 2 dx dx x
2π (π − 4) x + 8 y − π 2 + (4 − π) =0 dy dv du
2 Using = u + v
 π−2 dx dx dx
2π (π − 4) x + 8 y − π 2  = 0 dy 2sin x − 3cos x
 2  =
dx x
This is in the form ax + by + c = 0 with
+ (2 cos x + 3sin x) ln 3 x
 π−2
a= 2π (π − 4), b = 8 and c = −π 2  
 2 

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9 b Let y = x 4 e7 x −3 Challenge
=Let u x= 4
and v e7 x −3
du dv a Let y = e x sin 2 x cos x
=Then 4= x 3 and 7e7 x −3 = Let p e= x
and q sin 2 x cos x
dx dx
dy dv du dp
Using = u + v Then
= y pq = , ex
dx dx dx dx
dy dy dq dp
=×x 4 7e7 x −3 + 4 x 3e7 x −3 and= p +q
dx dx dx dx
= x 3e7 x −3 (7 x + 4)
2
Let
= u sin = x (sin x) 2 and
= v cos x
10=
Let y x 5 10 x + 6 Then q = uv,
Let u= x5 and v= 10 x + 6= (10 x + 6) 2
1
du dv
= 2sin x cos x and = − sin x
du dx dx
Then = 5x4 dq dv du
dx Using = u + v
dx dx dx
dv 1 −1 5
and = 10 × (10 x + 6) 2 = dq
dx 2 10 x + 6 = sin 2 x (− sin x) + cos x (2sin x cos x)
dx
dy dv du
Using = u + v = − sin 3 x + 2sin x cos 2 x
dx dx dx dy dq dp
dy 5x 5 Using= p + q
= + 5 x 4 10 x + 6 dx dx dx
dx 10 x + 6 dy
= e x (− sin 3 x + 2sin x cos 2 x)
dy 5 dx
When x =1, = + 5 16 =21.25
dx 16 + sin 2 x cos x × e x
−e x sin x (sin 2 x − 2 cos 2 x − sin x cos x)
=

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Challenge

b Let y = x(4 x − 3)6 (1 − 4 x)9

Let p = x(4 x − 3)6 and q = (1 − 4 x)9
dq
Then y = pq, = −36(1 − 4 x)8
dx
dy dq dp
and= p +q
dx dx dx

Let=u x and= v (4 x − 3)6

Then p = uv,
du dv
= 1 and= 24(4 x − 3)5
dx dx
dp dv du
Using = u + v
dx dx dx
dp
= 24 x(4 x − 3)5 + (4 x − 3)6
dx
= (4 x − 3)5 (24 x + 4 x − 3)
(4 x − 3)5 (28 x − 3)
=

dy dq dp
Using= p + q
dx dx dx
dy
= x(4 x − 3)6 ( −36(1 − 4 x)8 )
dx
+ (1 − 4 x)9 (4 x − 3)5 (28 x − 3)
=(4 x − 3)5 (1 − 4 x)8
× ( −36 x(4 x − 3) + (1 − 4 x)(28 x − 3) )
=(4 x − 3)5 (1 − 4 x)8
× ( −144 x 2 + 108 x + 40 x − 112 x 2 − 3)
−(4 x − 3)5 (1 − 4 x)8 (256 x 2 − 148 x + 3)
=

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