1 入「驚」隨俗

Review

當課教學重點 呼應英語文領綱的學習重點

Language
Passive Voice in Discourse 學 Ae-V-17 故事及短劇的內容與情節。
Highlight 習
內 B-V-9 有情節發展及細節描述的故事
容
Speaking
或個人經驗。
Talking about an Experience
Session

3-V-8 能了解故事的內容與情節。
當課複習重點
學
習 3-V-13 能熟悉各種閱讀技巧（如擷
表
Scanning L1
Reading 取大意、推敲文意、預測後續文意）
現
Skimming L2
Strategy Identifying Cause-and-Effect ，進行快速閱讀並有效應用於廣泛閱
Relationship L3 讀中。

課文大意

本文由三位來自不同國家的年輕人以第一人稱回憶
他們在國外旅行時所經歷的文化衝擊。來自臺灣的 16
歲女孩Meiling，她在法國旅行時，被法國人熱情的打
招呼方式嚇得不知所措。來自美國的高中生 Felix，他
去泰國旅行時，因為拍了一個小男孩的頭以示友善，卻
惹得男孩的父親勃然大怒，後來才明白了泰國人的禁忌
與風俗民情。來自新加坡的背包客 Judy ，她在西班牙
旅行的時候，很努力地適應西班牙人的生活作息與生活
風格。

核心概念

本文為多元文化教育議題，學生可從文中領會各國
不同的風土人情，理解與尊重各種文化之間不同的差異。

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本課補充資料 2. 不同國家／文化的打招呼方式
日本人多以鞠躬（bowing）為禮，
1. 文化衝擊的相關介紹
鞠躬時彎腰的角度和鞠躬時間的長
日本
短，取決於見面場合及雙方的地位或
　　我們常常聽到有人到了某個國家旅行，在當地的

輩分。
遊歷讓人大開眼界或甚至大為震驚，他 她或多
或少都曾受到文化衝擊（culture shock）。「文化衝
以吐舌頭打招呼，這個習俗與西元九
擊」就是指當一個人從自己熟悉的文化環境進入到
世紀一位殘忍滅佛的皇帝有關，相傳
另一個陌生的文化環境時所產生的不安與挫折，這
他是惡魔轉世，長著牛角與黑舌頭，
樣的焦慮可能會引起心理或甚至是生理上的不舒 西藏
因此相信輪迴的西藏人後來見面時會
服。對於學生來說，剛到另外一個國家留學時，文
禮貌性脫帽並伸出舌頭讓對方看，證
化衝擊是很多人都會遭遇的經驗。
明自己不是這位皇帝轉世。
　　文化衝擊一詞最早是由加拿大的人類學者
Kalervo Oberg於1954年一場演講中提出的，他在他 晚輩向長輩行禮時，會鞠躬並將長輩
的文章“Culture Shock and the Problem of 菲律賓 的指關節靠在自己的額頭上以表尊
Adjustment to New Cultural Environments”提到， 敬，這種打招呼的方式稱為Mano。
文化衝擊在某種程度是一種疾病（malady），對那 毛利人傳統的打招呼方式是碰鼻禮
些被外派到國外工作的人來說，文化衝擊就是他們 紐西蘭 （Hongi），雙方以鼻子碰鼻子，交
的職業病（occupational disease）。 換鼻息，表達歡迎之意。
　　Oberg認為文化衝擊可分為四個階段：
資料來源：https://ltn.tw/kjPXZ9T (英文)
1 蜜月期（The Honeymoon Stage）

3. 文化禁忌
一個人到了新的環境或接觸新的文化時，總是會
產生新鮮感，當地的風俗民情、居民、生活環境
邊走邊吃在日本被認為是不得體的行
日本
等，都很吸引人，因此此時他 她在異國的心情
都是非常愉悅的。蜜月期的持續時間因人而異， 為，且會破壞環境整潔。
幾天、幾週或甚至幾個月都有可能。 在公開場合或賓客面前坐姿要端正，
2 危機期（The Crisis Stage） 雙腳不離地，切莫翹著二郎腿。腳是
埃及
一旦新鮮感消失後，他 她開始覺得新環境有很 身體最低的部分，若翹腳讓腳對著對
多地方跟家鄉有很大的不同，也許生活中有很多 方，是不尊敬的行為。

不可用食指指著人、方向或物品，這
的不便，心理上開始就會產生挫折或感到焦慮，

馬來西亞 個手勢是非常不禮貌的，一般人多以
這個時候就會開始思鄉，想要躲開人群，睡不好

拇指來指人或事物。
覺。除了感到無助和不安，有些人甚至會產生敵
對的態度，開始批評當地的人與文化。
3 恢復期（The Recovery Stage） 資料來源：https://ltn.tw/GVtjwgO (英文)

若一個人學著適應在異地所遭受的不便或不熟
悉，那麼他 她便進入恢復期。這段期間他 她
還是會感到不習慣，但會想辦法克服困難，例如
用更開放的心胸來看待異國文化和環境，調適自
己的心態。
4 適應期（The Adjustment Stage）
這是文化衝擊的最後一個階段，當事者已經欣然
接受異國文化與生活環境，先前的偏見或不安的
感覺已經完全消失不見。他 她開始融入當地生
活，接受異國的一切事物。
資料來源：https://ltn.tw/eryvw27 (英文)

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課文學習重點表
1
Traveling is 2the perfect way to find amazement and inspiration in our lives. 3However, foreign customs and
habits 4can be very 5different from our 6own, and they may sometimes surprise or astonish us. This 7is known as
culture shock. Let’s meet some travelers and 8learn how they “survived” their cases of culture shock.
Meiling (a 9sixteen-year-old Taiwanese girl)
I really enjoyed my memorable 10trip to France last year except for one thing—French greetings. Once, I 11was
introduced to one of my cousin’s girlfriends. 12Like most Taiwanese people I smiled and said hello, but the French
girl grabbed both my shoulders and 13kissed me on the cheek! 14As it was happening, I was shocked and didn’t know
what I should do. I responded 15by just standing there and 16held my breath. 17I felt like a dummy! It was such an
embarrassing experience for me. 18I guess now I know much better what culture shock is.
Felix (a high school student from the US)
On my second day in Thailand, I 19learned a valuable cultural lesson. I was walking down the street when a
soccer ball rolled toward me. I 20picked it up and 21looked around. A shy young boy 22walked up to me and 23pointed
at the ball. I smiled, handed it over, and patted the boy on the head. The boy’s dad’s smile disappeared, and he
24
looked very angry. I 25had no idea what 26went wrong. Afterward I 27found out that, for Thais, people’s heads are
sacred. Only the king, monks, and parents 28are allowed to touch them. I felt embarrassed because of my ignorance!
Judy (a backpacker from Singapore)
29
During my time in Spain, I 30came to realize that Spaniards have quite a special daily schedule. For a start, they
usually have breakfast 31no earlier than 10:00 a.m. In fact, 32it is common for them to 33skip this morning meal
34
altogether! Their lunch break, on the other hand, feels like it lasts forever. It includes the famous Spanish “siesta,”
or midday nap, and can sometimes 35last all the way to 4:00 p.m. Six p.m. is the time for an “afternoon” snack and
most people only get off work at 8:00 p.m. I had to wait 36till nine or ten, and sometimes even midnight, for dinner!
37
Therefore, I came to realize that in Spain, the early birds are the hungry birds!
38
If you 39have 40ever experienced this kind of culture shock, don’t worry about it! It’s common to be surprised
or even astonished by cultural differences. In order to have the best traveling experience, 41be open to new things and
embrace the feeling of culture shock. These experiences can teach you so 42much more than books ever 43will!

★表重要文法觀念與句型結構
◎表重要搭配詞、轉承詞、介系詞等

重點 核心考點
1. 動名詞當主詞

2. the...way + to VR

3. however 然而（轉承詞） ◎

4. 助動詞can表達可能性

5. different from 和……不同 ◎

6. own可當代名詞

7. be known as 被稱為……（以……身分聞名）（被動語態） 

8. 由wh-疑問詞所引導的間接問句 

9. 複合形容詞（sixteen-year-old）

10. trip to... 到……的旅程 ◎

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重點 核心考點
11. be introduced to... 被介紹給……認識（被動語態）

12. like (prep.) 像

13. kiss/pat sb. on the + 身體部位 

14. as (conj.) 當……的時候

15. by + V-ing 藉由…… ◎

16. hold one’s breath 某人屏住呼吸

17. feel like + N(P) 感覺像是…… 

18. 名詞子句作為動詞的受詞 

19. learn a(n)...lesson 學到一個……的教訓

20. pick up 撿起來

21. look around 四處張望

22. walk up to... 走向……

23. point at 指著

24. 連綴動詞 + adj. 

25. have no idea 不知道

26. go wrong （某事）出差錯

27. find out 發現

28. be allowed to + VR 可以……；被允許去……（被動語態） 

29. during (prep.) 在……期間 ◎

30. come to realize that... 逐漸了解……

31. no + 比較級 + than 不……於…… 

32. It is + adj. (+ for sb.) + to VR.... 

33. skip (vt.) 略過

34. altogether (adv.) 完全

35. last (vi.) 持續（接to表達持續到某個時間）

36. till (conj.) 直到 

37. therefore (adv.) 因此（轉承詞） ◎

38. if條件句

39. have/has + p.p. 現在完成式 

40. ever可與現在完成式連用，加強語氣

41. be open to ＋ N 對……採取開放的態度 ◎

42. much修飾比較級，為程度副詞

43. 助動詞will代替前方teach you

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閱讀策略 語言重點

本課篇章重點為被動語態（passive voice in
本 課 複 習 閱 讀 策 略 ： scanning 、 skimming 及
discourse）。在L3的Language in Use單元有提到，被
identifying cause-and-effect relationship。此處為
動語態常用於以下狀況。其中提到「動作施作者」須從
while-reading活動，複習scanning和skimming，閱讀
上下文推敲，因此被動語態的使用與篇章發展有很大的
文本前先瀏覽活動內容，於閱讀過程中完成活動。
關係。而第四點提到「主題連貫性」，亦彰顯被動語態
在篇章中的作用。
教學說明 1 動作施作者不明或不證自明。
• Mr. Collins’s son was killed (by someone) in an
• Scanning
accident.
Scanning 為找尋特定訊息的技巧，利用活動題目
2 動作施作者前文已提過。
關鍵字，在文本中搜尋即可找出答案。本大題共有3小
• Tom threw a ball at the window, and the window
題，閱讀題目後可得知前2題的句子皆缺少動詞，因此
was broken (by him).
利用人名（Meiling和Felix）作為關鍵字，可快速到該
3 動作施作者泛指「所有人」。
段落中，尋找相對應的動詞。快速搜尋後可得知第3題
• English is spoken (by people) all over the world.
的句子為課文的最末句，可從中找到答案。
4 維持主題連貫性。
• Bob Dylan is an American songwriter. He has
• Skimming
played an important role in American pop music
Skimming目的在於快速掌握文章與段落主旨，閱
and culture for more than fifty years. He was
讀題目後，得知第 1 題訓練學生找出第四段的段落主
awarded a Nobel Prize in 2016.
旨，第2題訓練學生找出全文的主題。
在內容較為專業的文章中，例如學術寫作，常使用
1 快速略讀第四段後可得知 Judy 描述的旅遊經驗與時
被動語態來傳達客觀的語氣。大考（例如：學測、指
間（ time ）有關，文中出現許多與時間相關的字
考）的篇章中，可以找到很多這樣的例子。
詞，例如daily schedule (line 29)、morning meal
(line 30)、midday nap (line 32)、afternoon snack
(line 33)、midnight (line 34)等，也出現明確的時間 教學說明
點如10:00 a.m. (lines 29-30)、4:00 p.m. (lines 32-
◎ 建議教學時機：課文教學中
33)。
◎ 所屬段落：第二段、第三段
2 本題命題設計為利用發展解釋，推論文章大意。判
1 在討論為何使用被動語態時，可請學生試著將標示
讀時與第1題要領接近，文本中並無與body language
處改為主動語態，比較修改前後的效果，並適時提
或making friends相關的訊息，而在文中的3個旅遊
供暗示。例如，第9-10行的I was introduced to...改
經驗中，均提及當事人對異地的風俗習慣感到驚
為主動語態時，學生或許無法確定主詞是什麼，這
訝、不適應，而首末段也都有出現關鍵字 culture
可以讓學生體會到，就是在這樣無法明確找出主詞
shock，據以推論答案為cultural differences。
的情況下，會使用被動語態。或者，也可用詢問的
方式提供暗示，可詢問學生前後句的主詞是什麼（
答案：幾乎都是I），改為主動語態之後，這樣的連
貫性就會被破壞了。
2 在討論過程中，只要學生言之成理，均可給予鼓
勵。以上述第 9-10 行的語境為例，使用被動語態的
理由，可以是「動作施作者不明或不證自明」，也
可以是「維持主題連貫性」。

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課文中譯與解析
3 be known as 被稱為……（以……身分聞名）
• Teng Hung-Chi is known as the Thomas Edison
of Taiwan.
＊ 複習 有關本句型的用法請見L3的T-65。
01 旅行是發現生活中驚喜與靈感的完美方 4 此處為wh-疑問詞所引導的間接問句，作為learn的
式。然而，外國的風俗習慣可能和我們自己的風 受詞。
俗習慣非常不同，可能有時候會令我們詫異或大 ＊ 複習 有關本句型的用法請見L3的T-62。
吃一驚。這就被稱為文化衝擊。讓我們見一些旅
行者並且了解他們如何在文化衝擊的實例中「倖
02 Meiling（一位16歲的臺灣女孩）
存」下來。
我真的很享受去年令人難忘的法國之旅，
1 1 動名詞（ V-ing ）可作為句子的主詞，並搭配單 除了一件事情外，那就是法式的打招呼方式。有
數動詞。 一次我被介紹給我表姊的一位女性朋友認識，像
• Hanging out with my friends on Saturday is 大部分的臺灣人一樣，我帶著微笑並且說「哈
always fun for me. 囉」，但是這位法國女孩抓住了我的雙肩，並在
2 way to VR...和way of V-ing...的意思相同，皆解 我的臉頰上親了一下！當這件事情發生時，我感
釋為「……的方法」。 到震驚，不知所措。我只能呆站著來回應她，並
• Lisa has tried different ways to lose weight. 屏住呼吸。我感覺像是個木頭人！對我來說，這
→ Lisa has tried different ways of losing weight. 是一個如此令人尷尬的經驗。我想現在我比較清
但若way前面是所有格，則只能搭配of V-ing 使 楚文化衝擊是什麼了。
用。
• This is my way of coping with pressure. 1 sixteen-year-old是複合形容詞，複合形容詞中若有
2 1 however為轉承詞，可放於句首、句中或句尾。 名詞，則一律以單數名詞呈現。
須留意however是副詞，而非連接詞，不能用來 • We will set out on a three-day trip tomorrow.
連接兩個子句。 2 the/a/one’s trip to N 到……的旅行
• Many foreigners hate stinky tofu. Jamie, • Our trip to Tokyo was really interesting. We had
however, thinks of it as his favorite exotic snack. a great time exploring this big city.
• The fans hoped to see their idol in person; the 3 A be introduced to B A被介紹給B認識
superstar just wanted to be left alone, however. • Johnny was introduced to his future wife by her
2 當助動詞 can 表可能性時，用來表示說話者認為 best friend when they were in college.
某件事是普遍的事實（truth/fact）；若要表達個 4 1 like prep. 像，如同
人主觀的推測，則應用could。 • I stood on the stage like a piece of wood, for I
• Driving on an icy road can be dangerous. was very nervous about my performance.
• You could get into a serious accident if you 2 kiss/pat sb. on the N 親吻 拍某人的……
speed on this winding road. • My mother kisses me on the forehead when she
3 be different from... 和……不同 says good night every evening.
• My smartphone is different from my brother’s. 5 as conj. 當 同 when; while
His is a newer version. • As I was riding home on my bike, I was startled
4 our own = our own customs and habits when a dog ran into the middle of the road.
own 在句中是代名詞，表示「自己的事物」。 6 1 by + V-ing 藉由……
• This couple does not have any children, but they • Sarah heated up the leftovers by putting them in
treat their niece as their own. the microwave oven.
＊ 解析 6 2、 7 及 8 請見T-74。

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2 hold one’s breath 某人屏住呼吸 2 go wrong 出錯
• When you put your head under water, you have • If anything goes wrong, please tell me right
to hold your breath. away.
7 feel like + N 感覺像是…… 6 find out 發現（後面可接that子句）
＊ 複習 有關本句型的用法請見L1的T-21。 • Mitch found out that he had two more projects to
8 本句用了兩個名詞子句作為受詞：what culture shock finish by the end of this week.
is作為know的受詞；I guess (that) now I know 7 be allowed to + VR 可以……；被允許去……
much better what culture shock is.，省略連接詞 • The students are not allowed to leave school
that的子句作為guess的受詞。 during lunch break, so they must eat in the
＊ 複習 有關本句型的用法請見 L1 的 T-18 及 L3 的 cafeteria on campus.
T-62。
04 Judy（來自新加坡的背包客）
03 Felix（一位來自美國的高中生） 在我待在西班牙的期間，我逐漸了解到西
我在泰國的第二天學到了一個非常寶貴的 班牙人的日常作息滿特別的。首先，他們通常不
文化教訓。當我沿著街道走時，有一顆足球向我 在早上10點以前吃早餐。事實上，對他們來說，
滾過來，我撿起了它並且四處張望。一個害羞的 完全略過早上這餐是很常見的！在另一方面，他
年輕男孩走向我，並且指著球。我笑了笑，把球 們的午餐休息時間感覺要吃一輩子。它包含了知
遞過去，並且拍了拍這個男孩的頭。男孩爸爸的 名的西班牙「siesta」或午休，而且有時候會一直
笑容不見了，而且他看起來非常生氣。我不知道 持續到下午四點鐘。下午六點鐘是一個吃「下
出了什麼差錯。後來我發現對於泰國人而言，人 午」點心的時間，而大部分的人到了晚上八點才
們的頭是神聖的，只有國王、僧侶和父母才可以 會下班。我必須一直等到九點或十點，有時候甚
碰它們，我對自己的無知感到尷尬！ 至是午夜才吃晚餐。因此我了解到在西班牙，早
起的鳥兒是飢餓的鳥兒！
1 learn a(n)...lesson 學到……的教訓
• After the accident, Brett learned an unforgettable 1 1 during為介系詞，其後接表時間的名詞（片語），
lesson; that is, he can never be too careful when 意為「在……期間」。
driving in the city center. 2 come to realize... 逐漸了解……
2 1 pick up sth. = pick sth. up 撿起 • I didn’t like my classmate Daniel at first, but
當受詞為代名詞時，只能用後者表示。 later I came to realize that he was actually a nice
• Seeing a hundred-dollar bill on the floor, Max person.
quickly picked it up. 2 no + 比較級 + than 不……於……
2 look around 四處張望 • The professor asked us to hand in the essay no
• When the little girl looked around and did not later than Friday.
see her mother, she began to cry. 3 1 It is adj. (+ for sb.) + to + VR....此處的it為虛主
3 1 walk up to 走向…… 詞，真正的主詞是後面的不定詞片語。
• A stranger walked up to Kate and asked her ＊ 複習 有關本句型的用法請見L2的T-40。
where the closest bus stop was. 2 skip vt. 略過
2 point at 指著 • You can just skip the introduction and start right
• The police officer pointed at the pictures and from the first chapter of the novel.
asked the witness if she recognized the suspect. 3 altogether adv. 完全 同 completely
4 look為連綴動詞，後接形容詞作為主詞補語。 • The birds we used to see here have disappeared
• Are you all right? You look terrible! altogether, and no one knows why.
5 1 I had no idea = I didn’t know 我不知道 ＊ 解析 4 ∼ 6 請見T-75。

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4 last to + 時間 持續至某個時間 2 助動詞will代替前方提過的teach you。在英文句

• The wedding reception lasted to the next 中，可以用be動詞或助動詞代替前面所提過的訊
morning, when the guests finally said goodbye 息，避免重複。
to the newlywed couple. • I know you are not fond of seafood, but I am
5 till 解釋為「直到……為止」，可當介系詞或連接 (fond of seafood).
詞，意思與用法同until，但till一般不放句首。 • Some people like extreme sports, while others
• The little boy ran very fast till he got to his don’t (like extreme sports).
favorite candy shop.
6 therefore為轉承語，但它是副詞而非連接詞，所以

閱讀策略
不能僅用逗號隔開兩個子句。
• It is pouring outside. Therefore, we have decided
to go with our back-up plan of staying in and
playing board games. 此處複習identifying cause-and-effect relationship
的閱讀策略，本活動設計為post-reading activity，於閱
讀文本後，直接作答。
05 如果你曾經經歷過這種文化衝擊，不用擔

教學說明
心！因為文化差異而感到驚訝或甚至震驚是常見
的事。為了有最棒的旅行經驗，我們要對新事物
抱持開放的態度，並且欣然接納文化衝擊的感 本大題命題設計為cause and effect判讀，圈選
受。這些經驗能教給你的東西會比書本多更多！ because或so的因果關係連接詞，文本閱讀後可順利找
出答案。
1 1 前半句為條件句，if後面接可能發生的情況，主
要子句為祈使句。
• If Jason calls, just tell him I’ll call him back.
• If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to ask.
2 在英文中，表達到目前為止曾經或不曾有過的經
驗時，用現在完成式呈現。
• I have never been to Tokyo, even though it is not
far from Taiwan.
＊ 複習 有關本句型的用法請見L2的T-42。
3 ever解釋為「曾經」，常與完成式連用，加強語
氣。
• This is one of the best cakes that I have ever had.
2 be open to + N 對……採開放態度
• My mother is open to all kinds of cuisine. Last
week, she even tried Ethiopian food.
3 1 much為程度副詞，用以修飾比較級more，常見
的類似副詞還有: even, far, a lot等。
• Ethan’s new car is a lot bigger than his old one
(was).
• The new library stores far more books and
magazines than the old one (did).

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提問補充
口說單元 以下問題供教師引導學生構思口說內容。

呼應英語文領綱的學習重點
1. Introduction:
• Which experience/incident would you like to talk
B-V-9 有情節發展及細節，描述的 about? Can you describe it with an adjective?
故事或個人經驗。 2. Body:
C-V-1 多元文化觀點、不同文化及
學習內容
• Who/What was involved in it?
習俗的尊重。 • Where/When did it take place?
C-V-7 多元文化、文化差異。 5Ws and 1H • How did it happen/start?

D-V-2 兩個訊息關係的釐清。 • Why? What makes it worth

mentioning?
2-V-3 能依主題或情境描述事件或
回答問題。 • What did you do?
學習表現 Feelings and • What did others do?
2-V-9 能依主題說出具有情節發展
Emotions • How did others react to you?
及細節描述的故事或個人經驗。
• How did you feel?

Sequence of • What happened first, next, and

教學說明 Events in the end?

本課的口說主題是談一次個人經驗。Talking about 3. Conclusion:

an Experience是比較廣泛的主題，教師可以視教學需 • How can you emphasize/conclude the impact this
求、教學時間規劃、學生程度等將主題聚焦，讓學生較 experience/incident had on you?
有依循，避免漫無目的地從記憶中搜尋個人經驗。教師 • Can you use another adjective to describe this
可在 Experience 前指定一個形容詞供學生發想，例如 experience?
Talking about an Embarrassing Experience或是Talking • If you had a second chance, what would you do
about an Unforgettable Experience；或者是限定主題 differently?
為Talking about an Experience with Culture Shock。
口說的主題確定之後，教師可以提供相關的字詞、句型
供學生應用於口說內容中。
教師可引導學生依照主題選定一個自己經歷過的事
件來描述前因後果或過程始末，並利用5Ws & 1H來構
思該事件的人、事、時、地、物。學生可以描述經歷此
事件時，自己說了什麼話、做了什麼事，以及周遭的人
有什麼反應、自己的心情與感想如何。教師同時可引導
學生思考此個人經驗帶給自己的影響，包括個人的啟
發、成長或是有何體悟、學到了什麼教訓等等。如此就
可以建構出具有情節發展和細節描述的完整口說內容。
除了課本上所列出的參考提問之外，教師也可利用
下列的提問補充來引導學生。不論討論的是incident或
是experience，都是類似的口說描述。

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文本翻譯

我永遠不會忘記我的第一個文化衝擊經驗。去年，
我的父母帶我哥哥和我去法國。那是我們第一次出國，
所以我們非常興奮。第一天，我們見到了我的表姊和她
的女性友人。我們向她們揮手說哈囉，但那些法國女孩
抓住我的雙肩並親吻我的臉頰。我覺得嚇到了而且很不
自在，不知道接下來要做什麼。我做的唯一一件事是站
在那兒像個笨蛋一樣屏住呼吸。接著，我的表姊告訴我
不必害羞，因為那是她們打招呼的方式。那些法國女孩
也對我微笑。雖然這是一個尷尬的經驗，我還是學到了
新事物。因此，我決定若有第二次機會，我會用同樣的
方式向法國人打招呼。

口說技巧說明

口說技巧―連音 I
英語母語人士講英語通常會將連續兩個字的讀音連
接起來。學生若能學習連音技巧，除了可使自己的口語
聽起來如母語人士流暢，也能同時增進聽力理解。本課
介紹眾多連音技巧其中的兩種：
1. Elision（省略部分讀音）：
Elision 是在流暢的口語中省略母音、子音或發音
不完全的現象。單字中常見省略[ə]（schwa音）的單音
節 發 音 就 是 此 現 象 ， 例 如 ： hist o ry 讀 成 history 、
interesting讀成interesting、preferable讀成preferable。
略讀現象亦常出現在片語中，本課課本列舉最常見
的兩種省略讀音，是[t]或[d]音在字尾時的略讀。當字
尾的[t]或[d]音連接下一個單字字首的子音時，說話者
略讀[t]或[d]音，容易自然而流暢地將兩字連續發音。
例如felt shocked讀成felt shocked，stand there讀成
stand there。
其他例子：next day讀成next day，mashed potatoes
讀成mashed potatoes，She smiled gently則讀成She
smiled gently。
2. Geminates（成雙的發音）：
當一個單字字尾的子音和下一個單字字首的子音相
同時，只會發其中一個子音。除了課本所列的first time
和next time，其他例子有stop playing、red dress等片
語；或是句子：He will lend me some money.及 I wish
she would come.
教師宜提醒學生geminates和兩個單字之間相連接的
字母無關，而與相連接的發音有關。相連接的字母不
同、但發音相同就屬於此類，例如take care就讀成takare。

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字彙片語補充
3. culture  n. [U] 文化
• The government has been trying to retain our
traditional culture as advances in technology
字彙 have been dramatically changing our way of life.
字詞搭配
1. custom   n. [C] 習俗
(1) ancient/modern culture 古代／現代文化
• Compared with other old customs, having a
(2) Western/American/Japanese culture
barbecue on the Moon Festival is a quite new
西方／美國／日本文化
one.
• Fascinated by Western culture, Daniel has
延伸補充
decided to take a long trip to Europe to admire
custom-built （為某人）訂做、設計建造的 the richness and diversity there.
• This billionaire has three custom-built private
jets to fly him around the world.
culture  n. [U] 文化（某群體和組織的一致
看法和態度）
customs  n. pl. （政府部門的）海關 • This company is admired for its business
• The man was arrested when he went through culture（企業文化）, which has allowed women
customs（過海關）for trying to smuggle drugs to rise to the highest levels of management.
into the country. cultural  adj. 文化的
customary  adj. 習俗的 • Singapore is a country with cultural diversity; it
• It is customary for people to tip their waiter or values and respects people from different
waitress in North America. cultural backgrounds.
cultured  adj. 有教養的；文雅的
2. astonish  vt. 使驚訝
• Ms. Manning is known as a cultured and elegant
• When Patrick told us of the car accident
lady in her neighborhood.
yesterday, what astonished us the most was that
no one there called 911 to help the injured 4. greeting   n. [C, U] 招呼；迎接
motorcyclist. • The elderly lady on the bench smiled at me when
• Everyone was astonished that Mandy had never I nodded a polite greeting（客氣點頭打招呼）.
eaten pasta before. • Our teacher raised her hand in greeting（致意）
astonishment  n. [U] 驚訝 when we said hello to her.
• Being shouted at by a strange passer-by, Claire greet vt. 打招呼；迎接
stood in astonishment and didn’t know how to • When we entered the hotel, the bellboy greeted
respond. us with a big smile.
字詞搭配 greet vt. 對……有所反應；受到
to one’s utter astonishment • Kevin’s comprehensive marketing proposal was
令某人感到十分訝異 greeted with applause by his colleagues.
• To my utter astonishment, my favorite soccer
team was beaten by a second-division team.

astonishing  adj. 令人十分驚訝的；令人難

以置信的
• We found it astonishing that Paul finished five
burgers in ten minutes.

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greetings  n. pl. 問候的話；賀辭 6. valuable  adj. 寶貴的
• It is a tradition for Matt to send holiday greetings • Doing volunteer work gave Katherine a lot of
to his grandmother in Canada every winter. valuable experience.
延伸補充
valuable adj. 貴重的
• This valuable gold necklace was passed down to
greeting card 賀卡
me from my great grandmother.
value vt. 重視；珍惜
• Physical greeting cards are gradually being
replaced by electronic cards.
• Honesty and proper etiquette are highly valued
in our class.
5. grab  vt. vi. 抓住 • My family values our dog and sees it as a family
• The little boy tried to grab hold of（抓住）the member.
swinging rope, but he missed it. value n. [U] （商品）價值
• Joan grabbed at the falling bottle but missed it. • The farmer became very wealthy because of the
grab vt. 匆忙地拿、取、吃 rapid rise in land value.
• My sister quickly grabbed a bottle of juice and
字詞搭配
rushed out to the school bus.
(1) go down/fall/drop in value 貶值
字詞搭配
(2) go up/rise/increase in value 增值
grab a bite/seat 趕快拿點東西吃／
• I am sure this rare pink diamond will increase
趕緊找個座位坐
in value.
• Kelly grabbed a sandwich at the convenience

value n. [U] 價值；意義

store on her way to school.

• Your service has been of great value（價值很

grab vt. vi. 抓住（機會等）
• I strongly suggest that you grab this opportunity
to work for this company; your future will
definitely be promising.
• My younger brother grabs at every excuse he
can to avoid doing his share of the household
chores.
grab vt. 吸引；引人注意
• The death of the world-famous novelist grabbed
yesterday’s headlines.
字詞搭配
7. disappear  vi. 消失
grab the attention of sb. 吸引某人的注意
• Mike’s peculiar hairstyle grabbed the
attention of everyone who passed by.
grab n. sing. 抓取
• The police officer shot the suspect in the arm
when he made a quick grab for（快速抓取）his
gun.
大）to the development and prosperity of the
company.
values n. pl. 價值觀；準則
• As society moves forward, there will be more
conflicts between traditional and modern values.
invaluable adj. 極為寶貴的
• Although this watch is not expensive at all, it is
invaluable to me, for it was the first watch my
father gave me.
• The snow on the road totally disappeared
overnight. Now the road is wet and muddy.
appear vi. 出現
• It astonished me that a man appeared in front of
me from out of nowhere when I was walking
home last night.

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appearance n. [C, U] 外貌；外表 12. forever  adv. 永遠；永久地

• The appearance of a pumpkin is very different • The boring speech seemed to go on forever and
from that of a watermelon; you can easily tell many people in the audience had started dozing
them apart. off.
• In appearance, the building looks quite rundown; 延伸補充
however, it is modern and nicely furnished on
在英文口語中，forever常用來表示一段很長的時
the inside.
appearance n. [C] 公開露面、演出
間，不過通常都有較負面的涵義。
• It takes forever for my sister to get ready for
• This singer made his first appearance（首次演
school every morning.
出）on YouTube and shot to fame because of the
• It takes me forever to finish all my homework
millions of views he got.
every night.
8. afterward  adv. 以後；後來
• The wedding ceremony took place in the church;
afterward, all the guests were invited to a 13. include  vt. 包括；包含
reception at a hotel restaurant nearby. • The set meal includes an appetizer, a main
course, and a dessert.
9. sacred  adj. 神聖的 • Aaron included milk and cheese on his shopping
• This tree is considered to be sacred by the list.
villagers who live in the area. including prep. 包括
10. daily  adj. 日常的；每日的 • The bill for the dinner is NT$1450 in total,
including the service charge.
included adj. 包括在內的
• Walking his dog in the park is part of my
grandfather’s daily routine.
• Everyone needs to have his or her eyes checked,
字詞搭配
the teachers included.
on a daily basis 按日；每日 inclusive adj. 包含在內的
• To keep in shape, Owen lifts weights on a • The fee for a double room in this hotel is
daily basis. NT$3500, inclusive of（包含）a buffet breakfast
for two.
daily adv. 每天
14. difference  n. [C] 差異；不同之處
• My grandmother works in the garden daily,
• When I saw my little cousin five years later, I
taking good care of all the plants.
noticed a marked difference（明顯的不同）; he
11. schedule  n. [C, U] 行程 was much taller and thinner.
• The superstar had a very tight tour schedule. He
had little time to rest, not to mention sightseeing.
• Our flight will touch down on schedule（如期）
tomorrow.
字詞搭配
(1) ahead of schedule 提前
(2) behind schedule 晚於預定時間
• Our project is far behind schedule; I am afraid
that we have a lot of catching up to do.

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字詞搭配 embrace vt. vi. 擁抱
(1) tell the difference 分辨清楚；辨識差異 • Walking out of the train station, I saw my father
• It is not easy to tell the difference between waiting right out front and ran to embrace him
these identical twins. They look the same to warmly.
me. • The newlywed couple embraced and kissed after
(2) subtle/significant differences the minister announced that they were husband
細微的／明顯的差異 and wife.
• There are some subtle differences between
these two pictures. You will have to look very
片語
closely to find them.
(3) make a/no difference to sb./sth. 1. except for 除了……之外
對……有／沒有影響、關係 • Except for some minor errors, this is a great
• While I love watching NBA basketball, it piece of writing.

將……交給（……）
really makes no difference to me which team
2. hand...over (...)
wins since I don’t personally support any
• The man, who was stopped for speeding, was
team.
asked to hand over his driver’s license and
(4) make all the difference 關係重大；大不相同
registration to the police officer.
• The goalkeeper’s performance made all the
difference in his team winning the game. 3. for a start 首先
• There are a lot of good things about this house.
difference n. [C] 意見分歧；不和 For a start, it faces a lake and thus offers a great
• I hope that everyone will be able to iron out their view.
differences（消除歧見）during the meeting. 4. on the other hand 另一方面
different adj. 不同的 • On the one hand, Oliver did not want to pay too
• What the salesperson sold me was totally much for a pair of shoes; on the other hand, he
different from what he had shown me in the didn’t want to buy a low-quality pair.
shop.
differentiate vi. vt. 區分
• It is almost impossible for Simon to differentiate
between a Japanese person and a Taiwanese
person.
• As a food lover, Mike can easily differentiate
duck meat from goose meat.

15. embrace  vt. 欣然接受；樂意採納

• The residents embraced the proposal for a new
library in the town center.
• The government’s new fiscal policy was
embraced by most middle-income earners since
they would pay lower taxes.

T-77.4