Identification of dyestuff from unknown dyed sample

( Direct dye )
Experiment No: 02

Experiment Name : Identification of dyestuff from unknown dyed sample ( Direct dye ).

Introduction:

Dyeing is a distribution process, which is happened in the dye bath between dyes solution &
textile materials.

There are many types of dyes. Such:

 Direct dyes
 Acid dyes
 Basic dyes
 Vat dyes
 Sulpher dyes
 Azonic dyes
 Reactive dyes
 Disperse dyes etc.

Sometimes it is needed to know the name of the dyes on unknown dyed sample for different
purpose like costing.

Theory:

To identifying of any dyestuff from unknown dyed sample, there are two procedure are
follow. Such:

Procedure 1:

The sample is boiled with 5% soap solution & 10% NH4OH solution for 5 minutes.

Observation Possibility Remarks

1. Color destroyed Direct, acid, basic dye
2. No change Vat, sulphr, napthol, reactive, Not found
aniline

Procedure 2:

Boil the sample with 5% soap & 2% soda solution for 5 minute in presence of
white cotton. Small amount of salt are added into same solution for re-dyeing at
boil.

Observation Possibility Remarks

Color bleeds & the
Direct dye Confirmed
white cotton is dyed

Objective:
10

Prepared By: Md. Kamruzzaman Kazal ; ID: 2010000400068 ;

Batch: 13th WPT
 Identification of dyestuff from unknown dyed sample
( Direct dye )
 To know the name of the dyes on unknown dyed sample
 To know the procedure of identifying the dyes on dyed sample
 To know the types of dyes on fabric etc.

Required Chemicals & Apparatus:

 Bicker
 Pipet
 Burner
 Conical flux
 Raw water
 Soap
 Soda
 Salt
 Ammonium hydroxide
 Dyed fabric
 White cotton fabric
 Stop watch etc.

Working Procedure:

Preparation of 5% soap solution:

 Taken 5 gm soap on 100 ml water in a bicker to make 100 ml 5% soap

solution.

Preparation of 10% Ammonium hydroxide solution:

 Taken 10 gm ammonia on 100 ml water in a bicker to make 100 ml 10%

ammonium hydroxide solution.

Preparation of 2% soda ash solution:

 Taken 2 gm soda ash on 100 ml water in a bicker to make 100 ml 2% soda ash
solution.

Procedure 1:
 Taken 20 ml soap & ammonium hydroxide solution in a bath
 Boiling the solution with unknown dyed sample about 5 minute
 During boiling the sample dyed color destroyed

Procedure 2:
 Taken 20 ml soap & soda ash solution in a bath with small amount of salt
 Boiling the solution with unknown dyed sample & white cotton about 5
minute
 During boiling the sample dyed color destroyed & re-dyeing is done on
white cotton sample in the presence of salt.

Sample Attachment:
10

Prepared By: Md. Kamruzzaman Kazal ; ID: 2010000400068 ;

Batch: 13th WPT
 Identification of dyestuff from unknown dyed sample
( Direct dye )

Unknown dyed sample Color destroyed sample Re-dyeing sample

Result:

So the sample is dyed with direct dyes.

Precaution:

 Before each procedure , new sample must be taken

 Observation must be perfect
 Preparation of solution must be perfect
 Weighting of chemical must be careful
 Concentration of solution must be perfect
 During re-dyeing, salt must be used to ensure the direct dye etc.

Conclusion:

From this experiment, we know about the identification process of unknown dyed sample
which used in wet processing. I know this experiment is very helpful for our job sector &
increase our knowledge about this. Special thanks to our teacher & his assistant for helping us
to know it properly.

Thanks
10

Prepared By: Md. Kamruzzaman Kazal ; ID: 2010000400068 ;

Batch: 13th WPT