Identification of dyestuff from unknown dyed sample

( Basic dye )
Experiment No: 04

Experiment Name : Identification of dyestuff from unknown dyed sample ( Basic dye ).

Introduction:

Dyeing is a distribution process, which is happened in the dye bath between dyes solution &
textile materials.

There are many types of dyes. Such:

 Direct dyes
 Acid dyes
 Basic dyes
 Sulpher dyes
 Azonic dyes
 Reactive dyes
 Disperse dyes etc.

Sometimes it is needed to know the name of the dyes on unknown dyed sample for different
purpose like costing. The dye which is ionic in nature & produce colored cations & colorless
anions when ionized is called basic dye. Actually basic dye is applied on protein based fiber
like wool, silk etc.

Theory:

To identifying of any dyestuff from unknown dyed sample, there are two procedure are
follow. Such:

Procedure 1:
The sample is boiled with 5% soap solution & 10% NH4OH solution for 5 minutes.

Observation Possibility Remarks

1. Color destroyed Direct, acid, basic dye
2. No change Vat, sulphr, napthol, reactive, aniline Not found

Procedure 2:
Sample is boiled with Dimethyl-formide or formic acid (1:1) about 20 minutes at
120 0C temperature.

Observation Possibility Remarks

Good extraction Basic dye Not confirmed

Procedure 3:
The sample is boiled with a pinch of tannic mordant cotton & added few drop of
acidic acid.

Observation Possibility Remarks

Tannic mordant cotton is dyed Basic dye Confirmed

Objective:
16

Prepared By: Md. Kamruzzaman Kazal ; ID: 2010000400068 ;

Batch: 13th WPT
 Identification of dyestuff from unknown dyed sample
( Basic dye )
 To know the name of the dyes on unknown dyed sample
 To know the procedure of identifying the dyes on dyed sample
 To know the types of dyes on fabric etc.

Required Chemicals & Apparatus:

 Bicker
 Pipet
 Burner
 Conical flux
 Raw water
 Soap
 Soda
 Dimethyl-formide or formic acid
 Dyed fabric
 tannic mordant cotton
 Acidic acid
 Stop watch etc.

Working Procedure:

Preparation of 5% soap solution:

 Taken 5 gm soap on 100 ml water in a bicker to make 100 ml 5% soap

solution.

Preparation of 10% Ammonium hydroxide solution:

 Taken 10 gm ammonia on 100 ml water in a bicker to make 100 ml 10%

ammonium hydroxide solution.

Procedure 1:

 Taken 20 ml soap & ammonium hydroxide solution in a bath

 Boiling the solution with unknown dyed sample about 5 minute
 During boiling the sample dyed color destroyed.

Procedure 2:

 Taken 20 ml Dimethyl-formide or formic acid in a bath

 Boiling the solution with unknown dyed sample about 20 minute at 120 0C
with good extraction
Procedure 3:

 Taken a pinch of tannic mordant cotton in a bath

 Added few drop of acidic acid
 Boiling the solution with unknown dyed sample until the Tannic mordant
cotton is dyed
Sample Attachment:
16

Prepared By: Md. Kamruzzaman Kazal ; ID: 2010000400068 ;

Batch: 13th WPT
 Identification of dyestuff from unknown dyed sample
( Basic dye )

Unknown dyed sample Color destroyed sample Re-dyeing sample

Result:

So the sample is dyed with Basic dyes.

Precaution:

 Before each procedure , new sample must be taken

 Observation must be perfect
 Preparation of solution must be perfect
 Weighting of chemical must be careful
 Concentration of solution must be perfect
 During re-dyeing, salt must be used to ensure the direct dye etc.

Conclusion:

From this experiment, we know about the identification process of unknown dyed sample
which used in wet processing. I know this experiment is very helpful for our job sector &
increase our knowledge about this. Special thanks to our teacher & his assistant for helping us
to know it properly.

Thanks
16

Prepared By: Md. Kamruzzaman Kazal ; ID: 2010000400068 ;

Batch: 13th WPT