DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, Belgaum)

Shavige Malleshwrara Hills, Kumarswamy Layout, Bangalore -560078.

ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

QUESTION BANK

Subject Name/Subject Code: Electrical Machine Design/ 19EE5DEEMD Semester - V

Unit. Questi Question Marks Mapping

No. on No. of CO’s
1 1 What are the properties of various electrical materials? Classify the insulating 10 CO2
materials used in the machines according to their thermal stability in service.
2 Discuss the factor affecting the choice of loadings. 10 CO3

3 What are the major considerations accounted for the good design of electrical 10 CO1
machines?
4 List the organized classes of insulating materials and the temperature assigned to 10 CO2
them. Mention at least two examples for each type.
5 What are the limitations involved in designing the DC machine. 06 CO1
6 What are specific electrical loading and specific magnetic loadings of D.C machine. 08 CO3
7 Discuss the factors affecting choice of magnetic loading and electric loading in case of 10 CO3
synchronous machine.

8 Define specific loadings and mention the advantages and disadvantages of choice of 10 CO3
higher value of specific loadings in design of any machine.

9 Describe how Bav and ac plays an important role in design of electrical machine. 08 CO3
10 Write short notes on (i) Insulation failures (ii) magnetic material grades. 10 CO2

2 1 Mention the various factors that affect the choice of number of poles of a DC 06 CO3
machine.
2 What are the necessary rules to be satisfied for selection of slots? Explain the steps CO3
 involved in designing the commutator. 10

3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of large number of poles in DC 05 CO3
machines?

4 Derive an output equation for a DC machine. 10 CO4

5 Explain the steps involved in design of shunt and series field windings of pole in a 08 CO5
DC machine.

6 Design shunt field winding of a 6 pole, 300 Kw, 440v, 600 rpm, shunt generator with 06 CO1, CO5
following information Lp = 20cm bp=18cm hp=24cm with 4cm clearance for pole
insulation, use 20% of winding height for series winding and ignore pole shoe height (ii)
Total ampere turns for shunt is 6000 AT and for series winding is 1400 AT with winding
depth of 4cm (iii) Heat dissipation from outer and inner surface of coil is 700 W/m 2 (iv)
Thickness of insulation is 1cm with coil space factor= 0.6 and there is 15% voltage drop in
terminals voltage for the field

(After finding the C/s area of field winding, Assume modified area as 2.0109 mm2, whose
conductor diameter with fine enamel insulation as 1.6 mm)

7 For a 15kw 1000 rpm, 400v, and d.c generator with Bav= 0.37 T, q=10000 amp cond/m and 08 CO3, CO1
pole arc to pole pitch ratio 0.7 efficiency 0.9: Assume: Space for insulation 10% of pole
pitch. Magnetic flux density in yoke and pole are 1.3 and 1.6 T respectively. Height of
field winding is 85 mm.Neglect pole shoe thickness. Design Yoke and Pole dimensions.
design clearance for length of pole is 10cm and yoke is 1cm

8 A DC motor with 75 Kw power,4 pole,1000 rpm,220v,efficiency 83%, Bav= 0.63 T, 06 CO3, CO1
q=10000 amp. Cond/m and pole arc to pole pitch ratio 0.7, has field current of 2.5% of
input current and maximum efficiency occurs at full load. Armature has 10v drop. Design
the main dimensions of armature and check if the design satisfies the necessary rules .
9
A 40 Kw, 200v, 1000rpm, 4 poles D.C Generator has Bav= 0.5, q=20000 amp/cond/m 10 CO3,
,pole arc to pole pitch ratio 0.7 Calculate Diameter, length, No of slots and no of CO1, CO5
conductors required for the armature. .Assume Field current 10A and Armature voltage
 drop 4v. Specify the type of winding used and check if the design satisfies the necessary
rules.

10 A 100Kw, 500V, 6pole, 450 rpm, D.C shunt motor has D=54 cm, L=36cm, B av= 0.55 T 10 CO3, CO1
and efficiency 0.89.Current density 6.5 A/cm 2.Dia of Commutator is 0.65 times dia of
armature. Assume Brush width as 2cm and design for finding the length of Commutator.
Ratio of pole arc to pole pitch ratio 0.66, while designing Check if the design satisfies the
necessary design rules for slots and Commutator.

11 Determine the number of poles, armature diameter and core length for the 08 CO3, CO1
preliminary design of a 500kW, 400V, 600 rpm, dc shunt generator assuming an
average flux density in the air gap of 0.7 T and specific electric loading of 38400
ampere- conductors per metre. Assume core length/ pole arc = 1.1. Apply suitable
checks.
12 Determine the main dimensions of the armature core, number of conductors, and CO3,
commutator segments for a 350kW, 500V, 450 rpm, 6 pole shunt generator 10 CO1, CO5
assuming a square pole face with pole arc 70% of the pole pitch. Assume the mean
flux density to be 0.7T and ampere- conductors per cm to be 280.
13 A design is required for a 50kW,4 pole, 600rpm, and 220V dc shunt generator. The 06 CO3, CO1
average flux density in the air gap and specific electric loading are respectively
0.57T and 30000 ampere- conductors per meter. Calculate suitable dimensions of
armature core to lead to a square pole face.
14 Design the armature winding for a 500KW, 440V, 375rpm, 8 pole compound generator 10 CO3,
with external diameter of 1.1m, gross armature length of 0.30m and flux per pole of CO1, CO5
0.0876 wb, giving the following details of the winding. (i) number of armature conductors
(ii) number of slots (iii) size of armature conductors (iv) dimensions of slots.
Assume, simplex lap winding with single turn coil, voltage drop of 15% in the armature
winding, slot pitch 2.5 cm, field current 5A, current density 4.8 A/mm 2, d.c.c ordinary
enameled with 0.45 mm, slot liner 0.5 mm, insulation between two layers 0.4 mm.
allowance for slackness 0.7 mm, wedge space 3.5 mm.
15 For a preliminary design of a 50hp, 230V, 1400 rpm dc motor, calculate the 10 CO3, CO1
armature diameter and core length, number of poles and peripheral speed. Assume
specific magnetic loading 0.5T, specific electric loading 25000 ampere-
conductors per meter, efficiency 0.9.
16 For a preliminary design of a 1500kW, 275V, 300rpm, dc shunt generator 10 CO3,
determine the number of poles, armature diameter and core length, number of slots CO1, CO5
and number of conductors per slot. Assume Average flux density over the pole arc
as 0.85T, Output coefficient 276, Efficiency 0.91.Slot loading should not exceed
1500A.
17 A 20 Hp, 4 pole, 250V, 1000 rpm wave wound D.C. machine has the following 10 CO3, CO1
design data. Diameter of the armature = 25 cm, number of slots = 41, number of
coil sides / slot = 4, turns / coil = 2. Calculate the number of segments, outside
width of one segment and mica, brush thickness, length of the commutator and
brush contact loss.
18 A 4 pole, 25HP, 500V, 600rpm series crane motor has an efficiency of 82%. The 10 CO3,
pole faces are square & the ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0.67. Assuming an CO1, CO5
average gap density of 0.55Wb/m2 & ampere conductor per meter as 17000.
Obtain the main dimensions of the core & particulars of a suitable armature
winding.
19 A 600 kW, 6 pole lap connected D.C. generator with commutating poles running at 10 CO3, CO1
1200 rpm develops 230V on open circuit and 250V on full load. Find the diameter
of the commutator, average volt / conductor, the number of commutator segments,
length of commutator and brush contact loss. Take Armature diameter = 56 cm,
number of armature conductors = 300, number of slots = 75, brush contact drop =
2.3 V, number of carbon brushes = 8 each 3.2 cm x 2.5 cm. The voltage between
commutator segments should not exceed 15V.

20 A 120KW, 500V, 450 rpm, DC shunt motor has the following data. The diameter 10 CO3, CO1
is 0.6m & core length is 0.25m, average flux in the air gap is 0.6Wb/m 2. Find the
number of armature slots for a winding assuming a full load efficiency of 90%, an
armature voltage drop of 5% of rated voltage, field current of 1.1% of line current
& current density of 4.9a/mm2. The dia of commutator is 70% of armature dia, the
ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0.66. Also check for the following.
a. The commutator pitch should not be less than 4mm.
b. The voltage between the adjacent segments should not exceed 15V
c. The slot loading should not exceed 1500A.
 21 A 5KW,230V, 1500rpm, shunt generator is designed to have a square pole face. 10 CO3, CO1
The loading are average flux density in the gap is 0.42Wb/m 2, ampere conductor
per meter is 15,000. Find the main dimensions of the machine. Assume the full
load efficiency as 85% & ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0.66.
22 Determine the main dimensions, number of poles, number of conductors per slot 10 CO3,
and air gap length subjecting the results to design checks for a 600kW, 500V CO1, CO5
900rpm dc generator. Assume Average flux density 0.6T, ampere-conductors per
meter 35000. The ratio pole arc to pole pitch 0.67, efficiency 91%. Peripheral
velocity should not exceed 40m/s, Armature mmf per pole should be below
7500A, Current per brush arm should not exceed 400A, Frequency of the flux
reversal should not exceed 50Hz, The mmf required for air gap is 50% of armature
mmf and gap contraction factor is 1.15.
3 1 Design the rotor of a 3 phase 20 MVA, 11 kV, 3000 rpm, 50 Hz, turbo alternator 10 CO3,
with the following design data. Diameter at the air gap = 0.8 m, Gross length = 2.4 CO1, CO5
m, stator turns per phase = 18, Number of stator slots = 36, Exciter voltage = 220
volts, Estimate (i) Number of rotor slots, (ii) area of the field conductor (iii) Turns
in the filed coil and (iv) Field current

2 Design the field coil of a 500 rpm, 3 phase, 50 Hz alternator having the following 06 CO5
design data. Diameter of stator = 95 cm, Core length = 30 cm, Pole body = 10 cm
x 30 cm, Field ampere turns = 6000, Excitation voltage = 80 volts. Heat dissipation
from the outer surface = 0.35 watts/ cm2. Assume missing data suitably.

3 Design the field coil of a 3 phase, 16 pole, 50 Hz, salient pole alternator, based on 05 CO5
the following design information. Diameter of the stator = 1.0 m, gross length of
the stator = 0.3 m, section of the pole body = 0.15 m x 0.3 m, height of the pole =
0.15 m, Ampere turns per pole =6500, exciter voltage = 110 volts, Assume missing
data suitably.

4 The field coils of a salient pole alternator are wound with a single layer winding of 06 CO5
bare copper strip 30 mm deep, with a separating insulation of 0.15 mm thick.
Determine a suitable winding length, number of turns and thickness of the
 conductor to develop an mmf of 12000 AT with a potential difference of 5 volts
per coil and with a loss of 1200 w/m2 of total coil surface. The mean length of the
turn is 1.2 m. The resistivity of copper is 0.021 ohm/m and mm2.
5 Estimate the stator dimensions, size and number of conductors and number of slots 05 CO1, CO3
of 15 MVA 11kV, 3 phase, 50 Hz, 2 pole turbo alternator with 600 phase spread.
Assume Specific electric loading = 36000 AC/m, specific magnetic loading = 0.55
Tesla, Current density = 5 Amp/mm2 , peripheral speed = 160 m/s. The winding
must be designed to eliminate 5th harmonic.
6 A 3000 rpm, 3 phase, 50 Hz, turbo alternator Has a core length of 0.94 m. The 05 CO4
average gap density is 0.45 Tesla and the ampere conductors per m are 25000. The
peripheral speed of the rotor is 100 m/s and the length of the air gap is 20mm. Find
the kVA output of the machine when the coils are (i) full pitched (ii) short chorded
by 1/3rd pole pitch. The winding is infinitely distributed with a phase spread of
600.
7 Calculate the stator dimensions for 5000 kVA, 3 phase, 50 Hz, 2 pole alternator. 10 CO3
Take mean gap density of 0.5 wb/m2, specific electric loading of 25,000 ac/m,
peripheral velocity must not exceed 100 m/s. Air gap may be taken as 2.5 cm.
8 Calculate the stator dimensions for 5000 kVA, 3 phase, 50 Hz, 2 pole alternator. 06 CO3
Take mean gap density of 0.5 wb/m2, specific electric loading of 25,000 ac/m,
peripheral velocity must not exceed 100 m/s. Air gap may be taken as 2.5 cm.

9 Two preliminary designs are made for a 3 phase alternator, the two designs 05 CO1. CO5
differing only in number and size of the slots and the dimensions of the stator
conductors. The first design uses two slots per pole per phase with 9 conductors
per slot, each slot being 75 mm deep and 19 mm wide, the mean width of the stator
tooth is 25 mm. The thickness of slot insulation is 2 mm, all other insulation may
be neglected. The second design is to have 3 slots per pole per phase. Retaining the
same flux density in the teeth and current density in the stator conductors as in the
first design, calculate the dimensions of the stator slot for the second design. Total
height of lip and wedge may be assumed as 5 mm.
10 A water wheel generator with power output of 4750 kVA, 13.8 kV, 50 Hz, 1000 10 CO3
rpm, working at a pf of 0.8 has a stator bore and gross core length of 112 cm and
 98 cm respectively. Determine the loading constants for this machine. Using the
design constants obtained from the above machine determine the main dimensions
of the water wheel generator with 6250 kVA, 13.8 kV, 50 Hz, 750 rpm operating
at a power factor of 0.85. Also determine (i) Details of stator winding (ii) Size of
the stator slot, (iii) Copper losses in the stator winding.
11 Design the stator frame of a 500 kVA, 6.6 kV, 50 Hz, 3 phase, 12 pole, star 10 CO1, CO3
connected salient pole alternator, giving the following information. (i) Internal
diameter and gross length of the frame (ii) Number of stator conductors (iii)
Number of stator slots and conductors per slot. Specific magnetic and electric
loadings may be assumed as 0.56 Tesla and 26000 Ac/m respectively. Peripheral
speed must be less than 40 m/s and slot must be less than 1200.
12 A 3 phase 1800 kVA, 3.3 kV, 50 Hz, 250 rpm, salient pole alternator has the 10 CO3
following design data. Stator bore diameter = 230 cm, Gross length of stator bore
= 38 cm, Number of stator slots = 216, Number of conductors per slot = 4,
Sectional area of stator conductor = 86 mm2. Using the above data, calculate (i)
Flux per pole, (ii) Flux density in the air gap (iii) Current density (iv) Size of stator
slot.
13 Determine the main dimensions of a 75 MVA, 13.8 kV, 50 Hz, 62.5 rpm, 3 phase 10 CO1, CO3
star connected alternator. Also find the number of stator slots, conductors per slot,
conductor area and work out the winding details. The peripheral speed should be
less than 40 m/s. Assume average gap density as 0.65 wb/m2, Specific electric
loading as 40,000 AC/m and current density as 4 amp/ mm2.
14 The following information has been obtained during the preliminary design of a 3 10 CO5
phase 500 kVA, 6.6 kV, 12 pole, 500 rpm, star connected salient pole alternator.
Stator diameter = 1.3 m, gross length of stator = 0.21m, air gap flux per pole =
0.0404 wb Based on the above information, design the field system of the
alternator giving the following details.
a. Length of the air gap
b. Diameter of the rotor at the air gap surface
c. Dimension of the pole

15 A 1000 kVA, 3300 volts, 50 Hz, 300 rpm, 3 phase alternator has 180 slots with 5 10 CO3
 conductors per slot. Single layer winding with full pitched coils is used. The
winding is star connected with one circuit per phase. Determine the specific
electric and magnetic loading if the stator bore is 2 m and core length is 0.4 m.
Using the same specific loadings determine the design details for a 1250 kVA,
3300 volts, 50 Hz, 250 rpm, 3 phase star connected alternator having 2 circuits per
phase. The machines have 600 phase spread.
16 Explain about short circuit ratio of a synchronous machine and explain its effects 08 CO5
on performance of the machine.
17 Derive an output equation of synchronous machine and explain each terms 10 CO3, CO4
used for the design. And elaborate the choice of specific electric and magnetic
loadings.
18 Elaborate the design steps of the field system of salient pole alternator. 10 CO1
19 Elaborate the design steps of the field system of non-salient pole alternator. 10 CO1
4 1 Derive an output equation for an Induction machine 06 CO4

2 Determine the diameter and length of the stator core, turn/phase, no. of stator slots 08 CO1,
and the no. of conductors for a 11KW, 400V, 3 phase, 8 pole, 50Hz star connected CO3, CO6
induction motor. Adopt a specific magnetic loading of 0.45 Wb/m2 & a 23000
ampere conductor per meter. Assume full load efficiency, Winding factor and p.f
as 0.85, 0.9555 & 0.88 respectively. Consider the motor has good overall design.

3 Explain in detail the factors which will affect the length of air gap in an induction 10 CO3
machine.

4 Design a suitable cage rotor with delta connection of a 3 phase, 30KW, 400V, 6 06 CO1,
pole, 50 Hz squirrel cage I.M following has been obtained. The gross length of the CO3, CO6
stator 0.1825, internal dia of stator is 0.35m; no. of stator slots is 48 with 12
conductors per slot. Assume the rotor winding factor as 1, stator winding factor as
0.955. The current densities in the rotor bar and end ring are 5 & 6 A/mm2 the mmf
induced in rotor is 15% less than the mmf in stator

5 Explain: Crawling cogging, procedure for the rotor slot selection. 05 CO1
6 A three phase 440V, 750rpm, 50 Hz, star connected induction motor has a stator 05 CO3, CO6
 with an internal dia of 0.3m & axial length of 0.18m it has 48 slots with 27
conductor/slot. Calculate the air gap flux per pole. The area of each stator
considered is to be 10 mm2. Calculate the width & depth of slots, to accommodate
the stator conductors. The max flux density in the teeth is to be limited to 1.7
Wb/m2. Conductor insulation is 0.065mm thick and slot insulation is 0.75mm
thick, slack of 0.8mm. Assume the data if any.

7 The stator of a 3phase 30KW, 400V, 50Hz, 6 pole squirrel cage induction motor 05 CO3, CO6
has been designed for 54 slots. The rotor of this motor is designed for the
following number of rotor slots: 36, 42, 46, 47, 48, 52, 53, 45. Discuss the possible
in various design if any , and select the best combination of stator and rotor slots
from the above.

8 During the stator design of a 3 phase, 30 kW, 400volts, 6 pole, 50Hz, squirrel cage 05 CO3, CO6
induction motor following data has been obtained. Gross length of the stator = 0.17
m, Internal diameter of stator = 0.33 m, Number of stator slots = 45, Number of
conductors per slot = 12. Based on the above design data design a suitable rotor.

9 A 3 phase 200 kW, 3.3 kV, 50 Hz, 4 pole induction motor has the following 06 CO3, CO6
dimensions. Internal diameter of the stator = 56.2 cm, outside diameter of the
stator = 83cm, length of the stator = 30.5 cm, Number of stator slots = 60, width of
stator slot = 1.47 cm, depth of stator slot = 4.3 cm, radial gap = 0.16 cm, number
of rotor slots = 72, depth of rotor slot 3.55 cm, width of rotor slots = 0.95 cm.
Assuming air gap flux density to be 0.5 Tesla, calculate the flux density in (i)
Stator teeth (ii) Rotor teeth (iii) stator core.
10 A 3 phase 3000 volts 260 kW, 50 Hz, 10 pole squirrel cage induction motor gave 10 CO3, CO6
the following results during preliminary design. Internal diameter of the stator = 75
cm, Gross length of the stator = 35 cm, Number of stator slots = 120, Number of
conductor per slot =10. Based on the above data calculate the following for the
squirrel cage rotor. (i) Total losses in rotor bars, (ii) Losses in end rings, (iii)
Equivalent resistance of the rotor.
11 While designing the stator of a 3 phase 10 kW, 400 volts, 50 Hz, 4 pole, wound 10 CO3, CO6
rotor induction motor, following data are obtained. Internal diameter of stator =
 0.19 m, Gross length = 0.125 m, Number of stator slots = 36, Number of
conductors/slot = 38, Dimension of stator slot = 1.1 cm x 3.5 cm, Depth of the
stator core = 3 cm, Number of rotor slots = 30, Dimension of the rotor slot = 0.7
cm x 3.0 cm, Depth of rotor core = 3.0 cm, Carter’s coefficient for the air gap =
1.33, Based on the above data, calculate the following performance data for this
motor.(i) Flux per pole (ii) Iron losses (iii) Active component of no load current
(iv) No load current (v) No load power factor

12 Find the values of diameter and core length of stator core of a 7.5KW, 220V, 50 08 CO3
Hz, 4 pole 3 phase induction motor for best p.f, given specific magnetic loading as
0.4 Wb/mm2, specific electric loading as 22000A/m, efficiency as 0.86 and
p.f=0.87. Also find the main dimension if the ratio of core length to pole pitch is
unity.

13 Discuss various factors considered when estimating length of air gap of a 3 phase 06 CO1
induction motor. Give the expressions used in calculation of length of air gap.

14 Design a wound rotor for a 3 phase, 850KW, 6600V, 50Hz, 12 pole, induction 10 CO2
motor with full load efficiency of 92% and power factors of 0.91, based on the
following information :

Gross length of stator = 45cm, internal diameter of stator = 122cm, Number of

stator slots = 144, number of conductors per slot = 10, number of rotor slots per
pole per phase = 31/2, voltage between slip rings at starting = 600V, current
density = 5A/mm2, The machine is star connected

15 During the stator design of a 3 phase, 30 KW, 400V, 6pole, 50Hz, squirrel cage 10 CO2
induction motor, following information has been obtained.
Gross length of the stator = 0.17 m, Interal diameter of the stator = o.33 m,
Number of stator slots = 45, Number of conductors per slot = 12.
Based on the above datas, design a suitable cage rotor for the above motor.Assume
the stator winding to be delta connected. Assume efficiency 88%, pf 0.86, K ws =
0.955, current density in the rotor bar = 6 A/mm 2, allowance foe skewing of rotor
bars 5 cm, current density in the endring = 6.5 A/mm2.
 16 A 11KW, 3-phase, 6-pole, 50Hz, 220V, star connected IM has 54 stator slots, each 10 CO3
containing 9 conductors. Calculate the values of bar and end-ring currents. The
number of stator bars is 64. The machine has efficiency of 0.86 and pf = 0.85. The
rotor MMF may be assumed as 85% of stator MMF. Also find the bar and end-ring
sections if the current density is 5 A/mm2

17 Determine the main dimensions, turns/phase, number of slots, conductor cross- 10 CO1, CO3
section and slot area of a 250 HP, 3 phase, 50 Hz, 400 V, 1410 rpm, slip-ring
induction motor. Assume: Bav = 0.5 wb/m2, Ac/meter = 30000 A/m, efficiency =
0.9, p.f = 0.9, winding factor = 0.955, current density = 3.5 A/mm 2, slot-space
factor = 0.4, core- length/ pole-pitch = 1.2. and assume machine Delta connected.

18 Discuss briefly the design of ‘End-ring’ and ‘Rotor bar’ of a squirrel cage motor. 10 CO3
19 Briefly give the design procedure of stator teeth and stator core of a 3-phase IM. 10 CO1, CO3
5 1 The tank of a 300KVA, 3 phase oil immersed self cooled transformer is 145cm in 10 CO6
height and 55cm x 115cm in plan. The full load to be dissipated is 5.5KW. Find
the number of cooling tubes necessary to limit the temperature rise of the tank
walls to 360C. The tubes are 5cm in diameter and have an average length of
100cm. neglect heat dissipation from top and bottom surfaces. Tank surface
dissipates heat due to convection and ration at the rate of 6.5 &6 W/m 2-0C. Heat
dissipated from the tube surface by convection improved by 35%.

2 A 3 phase 15 MVA, 33/6.6 kV, 50 Hz, star/delta core type oil immersed natural 10 CO3, CO6
cooled transformer gave the following results during the design calculations.
Length of core + 2 times height of yoke = 250 cm, centre to centre distance of
cores = 80 cm, outside diameter of the HV winding = 78.5 cm, iron losses = 26
kw, copper loss in LV and HV windings = 41.5 kW & 57.5 kW respectively.
Calculate the main dimensions of the tank, temperature rise of the transformer
without cooling tubes, and number of tubes for a temperature rise not to exceed
500C
3 Design a suitable cooling tank with cooling tubes for a 500 kVA, 6600/440V, 10 CO6
50Hz, 3 phase transformer with the following data. Dimensions of the transformer
 are 100 cm height, 96 cm length and 47 cm breadth. Total losses = 7 kw.
Allowable temperature rise for the tank walls is 350C. Tubes of 5 cm diameter are
to be used. Determine the number of tubes required and their possible
arrangement.
4 A 750 kVA, 6600/415V, 50Hz, 3 phase, delta – star, core type transformer has the 07 CO3
following data. Width of LV winding = 3 cm, width of HV winding = 2.5 cm,
width of duct and insulation between LV & HV = 1.0 cm, height of windings = 40
cm, length of mean turn = 150 cm, volt / turn = 10V. Estimate the leakage
reactance of the transformer. Also estimate the per unit regulation at 0.8 pf lag, if
maximum efficiency of the transformer is 98% and occurs at 85 % of full load.
5 Calculate the percentage regulation at full load 0.8pf lag for a 300 kVA, 06 CO1
6600/440V, delta-star,3 phase,50Hz, core type transformer having cylindrical coils
of equal length with the following data. Height of coils = 4.7 cm, thickness of HV
coil = 1.6 cm, thickness of LV coil = 2.5 cm, insulation between LV & HV coils =
1.4 cm, Mean diameter of the coils = 27 cm, volt/turns = 7.9 V, full load copper
loss = 3.75 KW.
6 Determine the equivalent reactance of a transformer referred to the primary from 06 CO3, CO6
the following data. Length of the man turn of primary and secondary = 120 cm and
100 cm number of primary and secondary turns = 500 and 20. Radial width of both
windings = 2.5 cm, width of duct between two windings = 1.4 cm, height of coils
= 60 cm.

7 Calculate the percentage reactance of a 15 kVA, 11000/440V, star-delta, 50Hz 08 CO1

transformer with cylindrical coils of equal length, given the following. Height of
the coils = 25cm, thickness of LV = 4cm, thickness of HV = 3 cm, mean diameter
of both primary and secondary together = 15 cm, insulation between HV & LV =
0.5cm, volt / turn = 2, transformer is of core type

8 A 6600V, 50Hz single phase transformer has a core of sheet steel. The net iron 10 CO1, CO6
cross sectional area is 22.6 x 10-3 m2, the mean length is 2.23m and there are four
lap joints. Each lap joint takes ¼ times as much reactive mmf as is required per
meter of core. If the maximum flux density as 1.1T, find the active and reactive
components of the no load current. Assume an amplitude factor of 1.52 and mmf /
 m = 232, specific loss = 1.76 W/kg, specific gravity of plates = 7.5

9 Calculate the no-load current of a 220/110V, 1kVA, 50Hz, Single phase 10 CO1, CO6
transformer with the following data uniform cross-sectional area of the core = 25
cm2, effective magnetic core length = 0.4m, core weight = 8 kg, maximum flux
density = 1.2 T, magnetizing force = 200 AT/m, specific core loss = 1.0 W/kg

10 Calculate the no load current and power factor of a 3300/220 V, 50Hz, single 05 CO6
phase core type transformer with the following data. Mean length of the magnetic
path = 300 cm, gross area of iron core = 150 cm2 , specific iron loss at 50 Hz and
1.1 T = 2.1 W / kg ampere turns / cm for transformer steel at 1.1T = 6.2. The effect
of joint is equivalent to an air gap of 1.0 mm in the magnetic circuit. Density of
iron = 7.5 grams / cc. Iron factor = 0.92

11 Determine the main dimensions of a 350kVA, 3 phase, 50Hz, Star/delta, 11000 / 05 CO3
3300 V core type distribution transformer. Assume distance between core centres
is twice the width of the core.

12 Derive an expression for output equation of a single phase core type transformer. 10 CO4

13 Distance between centers of adjacent limbs is 0.47m, outer diameter of high 10 CO6
2
voltage winding is 0.44m, height of frame is 1.24m, core loss is 3.7KW, I R loss is
10.5KW, design a suitable tank for the transformer. The average temperature rise
of oil should not exceed 350C. The specific heat dissipation from the tank is 6 &
6.5W/m2-0C due to radiation and convection respectively. Assume that the
convection improved by 35% due to convection. The clearance between winding
& tank 70mm 90mm on each side along the width and length respectively.
14 Determine the main dimensions of the core and the number of turns in the primary 06 CO3, CO6
and secondary windings of a 3 phase, 50 Hz, 6600/(400 – 440) V in steps of 2 ½
%, delta / star transformer. The volt / turn = 8 and the maximum flux densities in
the limb and yoke are 1.25 T and 1.1 T respectively. Assume a four stepped core.
 Window dimensions = 50 cm x 13 cm.

15 List the different methods employed in cooling of transformer. Explain any four 04 CO6
methods in details.

16 Calculate approximate overall dimensions and winding details of a 300KVA, 10 CO3, CO6
6600/400V, 50 Hz, 1-phase shell type transformer. The following data may be
assumed. Volts per turn 8.5V, maximum flux density is 1.3 Wb/m 2, current density
is 2.5 A/mm2. Window space factor is 0.6, overall height is same as overall width.
Stacking factor is 0.9 use three stepped core. Net iron area is 0.6 times d 2. Where d
is the diameter of circumscribing circle.

17 For the preliminary design of a 100kVA, 50Hz, 11000/3300 V, 3 phase, delta / 10 CO3
star, core type distribution transformer, determine the dimensions of the core and
window, number of turns and cross-sectional area of HT and LT windings.
Assume : Maximum value of flux density 1.2T, current density 2.5 A/mm2
window space facto 0.3.Use cruciform core cross-section for which iron area Ai =
0.56d2 and the maximum limit thickness is 0.85d, where d is the diameter of the
circumscribing circle volt / turn = 0.6 kVA , overall width = overall height.

18 Derive an expression for leakage reactance of the transformer with primary & 10 CO1, CO4
secondary cylindrical coil of equal length. Also derive an expression for volts per
turn of a transformer.
19 Obtain a relation between net core area- diameter & gross core area- diameter of a 10 CO3
circumscribing circle of a square core and cruciform core of a transformer.
20 Determine the main dimensions of the 3 limb core (i.e., 3 phase, 3 leg core type CO3
transformer), the number of turns and cross-sectional area of the conductors of a 10
350 kVA, 11000/ 3300 V, star / delta, 3 phase, 50 Hz transformer. Assume: Volt /
turn = 11, maximum flux density = 1.25 T. Net cross-section of core = 0.6 d2 ,
window space factor = 0.27, window proportion = 3 :1, current density = 250
A/cm2 , ON cooled transformer having ± 2.5% and ± 5% tapping on high voltage
winding
21 Determine the main dimensions of the core and window for a 500 kVA, 10 CO3, CO5
6600/400V, 50Hz, Single phase core type, oil immersed, self cooled transformer.
Assume: Flux density = 1.2 T, Current density = 2.75 A/mm2, Window space
factor = 0.32, Volt / turn = 16.8, type of core: Cruciform, height of the window = 3
times window width. Also calculate the number of turns and cross-sectional area
of the conductors used for the primary and secondary windings.

22 Determine the main dimensions of the core, number of turns and cross-sectional 10 CO3, CO5
area of conductors of primary and secondary of a 125 kVA, 6600 / 460V, 50Hz,
Single phase core type distribution transformer. Maximum flux density in the core
is 1.2T, current density 250 A/ cm2, Assume: a cruciform core allowing 8% for the
insulation between laminations. Yoke cross-section as 15% greater than that of the
core. Window height = 3 times window width, Net cross-section of copper in the
window is 0.23 times the net cross-section of iron in the core, window space factor
= 0.3. Draw a neat sketch to a suitable scale.

23 Determine the main dimensions and winding details for a 125 kVA, 2000/400V, 10 CO3,
50Hz, Single phase shell type transformer with the following data. Volt / turn = CO5, CO6
11.2, flux density = 1.0 T, current density = 2.2 A/mm2 , window space factor =
0.33. Draw a dimensioned sketch of the magnetic circuit.