Ram Robert Vincci R.

Lazan XI – Weinberg

QUARTER 4 – MODULE 2: Compare and Contrast Plants and Animals:

Nutrition and Gas Exchange

What’s In – Activity 1: Cluttered Cells

1. TLAPN = PLANT
2. UCEDROP = PRODUCE
3. AULXSE = SEXUAL
4. NOITZAFERLITI = FERTILIZATION
5. THWORG = GROWTH

The ability of mature individuals to PRODUCE offspring is an important feature of all

living organisms. For SEXUAL reproduction, male and female gametes must fuse to form a
zygote. FERTILIZATION is the union of the nuclei of male and female gametes. Instead of
gametes, parts of a mature organism may grow into new individuals in asexual reproduction.
Plants and animals vary in their GROWTH patterns. All section of a young animal’s body
expand as they mature until they reach a genetically defined size for each species. PLANT
development, on the other hand, is restricted to specific meristematic tissue regions and
continues throughout the plant’s life cycle.

What’s New – Activity 2: Fill Me!

PLANTS ANIMALS
Chlorolphyll Stomach
Oxygen Gills
Stomates Carbon Dioxode
Autotrophs Buccal Cavity
Apoplast Alveoli
 What’s More – Activity 3: Venn Diagram
PLANTS ANIMALS

- Animals have to rely on the plants or other

- Plants make their won food.
animals for food.
SIMILARITITES
- In photosynthesis plant converts - In animal nutrition, large food molecules
carbon dioxide and water (in the are broken down into smaller soluble
- Respiration is a common
presence of light energy and molecules. In humans proteins are broken
process: Both plants and
down into amino acids, carbohydrates are
chlorophyll) to glucose, water and animals do respiration for ATP broken into glucose, fructose and galactose
oxygen. Hence the end products formation. while fats are broken down into fatty acids
Plant nutrition are actually glu-
and glycerol. Thus the end products of
cose and oxygen. -Both animals and plants follow parasitic animal/human nutrition are amino acids,
mode of nutrition. In plants, few examples simple sugars/ monosaccharides, fatty acids
are mistletoe, cuscuta (also called as amar and glycerol.
- In plant nutrition leaf plays an bel), etc. In case of animals, a few
important role. Petile, lamina, examples are live, fleas, most - The features/organs involved in the
upper and lower epidermis, chlo- aschihelminthes, etc. nutrition in plants are also different from
roplast and mesophyll tissues are that in animals.
also essential in plant nutrition. - In contrast organs involved in
animal/human nutrition include the mouth,
buccal cavity, esophagus, stomach,
small and large intestine.

Activity 5: See the Difference!

Organs? Structures used for Functions

Gas Exchange
PLANTS 1. Stems’ Lenticels Lenticels act as pores,
allowing gases to flow
between the stem tissue and
the atmospheric air.

2. Lateral roots of mangroves Lateral roots, which are often

or pneumatophores seen in mangrove species that
thrive on saline mud flats,
 grow upward out of the muck
and water to serve as the site
of oxygen intake for the
submerged major root
system.

3. Aerial root hairs Aerial roots are a form of

accidental root. They develop
from the plant's stem or leaf
tissues rather than its root
tissue. They are often more
likely to dry out since they are
exposed to air, and that they
are typically found in plants
that live in moist settings,
such as tropical rain forests.
Some aerial roots may
photosynthesize and contain
chlorophyll (a plant
component that aids in the
conversion of the sun's energy
into nourishment for the
plant). Because they are not
exposed to sunlight, plants
with subterranean roots have
little incentive to develop
chlorophyll.

4. Stomates found in leaves These are tiny pores on the

underside of a leaf that allow
gases to exchange with the
environment as well as water
to be lost during transit.
ANIMALS 1. Internal Gills Adult fishes have rows of
openings or pockets at the
rear of their mouths, allowing
water to pass over them as it
leaves directly behind the
head.

2. Integumentary exchange Refers to the entire surface of

the body or skin employed by
creatures having a high
surface-to-volume ratio, such
 as flatworms and
earthworms.

3. External Gills A few amphibians, such as the

larval salamander, have thin
vascularized epidermis that
projects from the body
surface.

4. Trancheal system Insects and spiders, for

example, use fine air-
conducting tubules to
facilitate gaseous exchange at
the cellular level; it is not
dependant on a circulatory
system.

5. Lungs Internal respiratory surfaces

in the form of a cavity or sac;
lungs contain an oxygen
transport membrane; lungs
require a circulatory system
to transport gases to the parts
of the body; seen in birds,
reptiles, and mammals since
they are not in direct touch
with all other sections of the
body.

Activity 6: Crossword Puzzle

1. CARBOHYDRATES 6. MYCORRHIZAE
2. LUNGS 7. RESPIRATION
3. SYMPLAST 8. INGESTION
4. GILLS 9. FATS
5. LENTICEL 10. PREDATION
What I Have Learned – Activity 7: Concepts Map

ANIMALS

Gas Exchange in Animal

plants Nutrition

Stomates Zinc
Autotrophs Lungs

Carbon Fats
Dioxide Root hairs Hemoglobin

Mycorrhizae Pneumatophores Heterotrophs Air Sacs

What I Can Do

1.
Tip #1: Choose good carbs, not no carbs. Whole grains are your best bet. It has the potential
to improve weight reduction, heart health, and blood sugar management. However, it is not
necessary to eliminate all carbohydrates in order to get these advantages. Furthermore, this
diet may lower your energy levels and raise your risk of vitamin shortages.

Tip #2: NEVER!!! skip meals. The body begins to produce more cortisol, leaving us anxious
and irritable. Skipping meals can also cause your metabolism to slow down, which can lead to
weight gain or make losing weight more difficult.
Tip #3: Select foods high in good fats. Limit meals high in saturated fat, and avoid foods high
in trans fat. The healthiest sources include plant oils, nuts, and seafood.

Tip #4: Eat more vegetables and fruits. Fruits and vegetables appear to provide more than
just faster weight loss. They have been found to lower cholesterol and blood pressure while
also improving the health of blood vessels and the immune system.

Tip #5: NEVER forget to exercise. One of the most important fundamentals during weight
loss. Regular physical exercise can help you gain muscle strength and endurance. Exercise helps
your cardiovascular system operate more efficiently by delivering oxygen and nutrients to your
tissues. And when your heart and lung health improves, you will have more energy to do
everyday tasks.

2.
Tip #1: Exercise always helps. Physical activity can help keep your lungs healthy whether you
are young or elderly, thin or big, able-bodied or coping with a chronic illness or handicap.

Tip #2: Avoid indoor and outdoor air pollution. Exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollution
can raise a person's risk of morbidity and death from a range of diseases affecting various organ
systems.

Tip #3: Prevent Infection. A cold or other respiratory infection can occasionally prove fatal.
Wash your hands often with soap and water, Avoid crowds during cold and flu season especially
in this time of the pandemic.

Tip #4: Stay away from secondhand smoke. According to health practitioner all around the
globe, secondhand smoke exposure raises the risk of heart disease by around 25% to 30%. Lung
illness that is chronic. Even brief exposure to secondhand smoking produces demonstrable
reductions in lung function. This can result in long-term pulmonary damage.

Tip #5: Don’t Smoke. Don’t smoke if you want to take care of your breathing. If you’re a
smoker try to minimize or best stop smoking. Smoking does not only give negative effects to
your breathing but also to the people around you as well as the environment.
ASSESSMENT
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. D
8. A
9. B
10. A
11. A
12. B
13. A
14. A
15. B