Ram Robert Vincci R.

Lazan XI – Weinberg

QUARTER 4 – MODULE 7: Compare and Contrast – Immune Systems,

Chemical and Nervous Control, and Sensory and Motor Mechanism

What’s In – Activity 1: Transport and Circulation

ANIMALS PLANTS
Tubes/Vessels Blood Vessels Xylem and Phloem
Circulating fluids Blood Water and Glucose
Nutrients transported Proteins, Glucose, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide. Water and
Carbon Dioxide, fats and Glucose, minerals (nitrogen
carbohydrates (N), phosphorus (P) and
potassium (K)) from the
ground
Sources of nutrients Lungs and small intestine Stomata and roots
 What’s New – Activity 2: Check it out!

NERVOUS SYSTEM ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

 Can respond fast to stimuli by using action potentials  It is made up of a number of glands that secrete
and neurotransmitters chemical compounds known as hormones.

 Hormones, like neurotransmitters, are chemical

 There are two primary divisions: the central nervous messengers that must attach to a receptor in order
system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system
To have an impact to convey a signal.
(PNS).
on numerous areas
 Hormones, unlike neurotransmitters, are produced
 The CNS is made up of the brain and the spinal cord, of human behavior,
into the circulation and circulate throughout the
whereas the PNS links the CNS to the entire body. such as growth,
body, influencing any cells that have receptors for
reproduction, and
them.
 The peripheral nervous system consists of large metabolism.  The Pituitary Gland, Thyroid Gland, Adrenal Gland,
bundles of axons called “ nerves that transport and Gonads are the major glands.
messages between the CNS and the muscles, organs, The endocrine system
 The pancreas is an internal organ that
and senses in the body's periphery. collaborates with the
neurological and secretes insulin and glucagon, which control
immunological systems to blood sugar levels.
assist the body cope with
various events and
The immune and nervous There is mounting evidence that the
stresses. immune system and the endocrine system
systems communicate
are inextricably linked. Cytokines
extensively, including that generated by activated immune and
of the hardwiring of immunological accessory cells can
influence hormone production from the
sympathetic and
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal or
parasympathetic nerves to hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, either
lymphoid organs. favorably or negatively.

IMMUNE SYSTEM
 Is a complicated network of cells and proteins that protects the body against
infections.

 Keeps a record of every germ (microbe) it has ever fought so that it can swiftly
detect and eliminate the microbe if it re-enters the body.

 It includes your skin, mucous membranes, white blood cells, lymph

system organs and tissues such as the thymus, spleen, tonsils, lymph
nodes, lymph arteries, and bone marrow.
What’s More – Activity 3: Compare and Contrast

ANIMALS PLANTS
Hormones Yes Yes
Sensory response Neurons Phototropism, Gravitropism
Transmission of signal Electrical Chemical
Immune system Adaptive immunity Innate immunity
Motor response Motor neurons Thigmotropism
Phototropism
Gravitropism
Hydrotropism
Duration of response Short-lasting: Long-lasting:
Transmission Hormones
Neural
Long-lasting:
Hormones
Type of signals Nerve impulse Hormones
Speed of response Fast-response: Slow-response:
Trasnsmission Hormones
Neural
Slow-response:
Hormones

What I Have Learned – Activity 4: You can do more!

1. Blood clotting = Immune
2. Flight/fight response during accidents = Nervous
3. Sunflower facing the direction of the sunrise = Chemical
4. A sick person having common colds = Immune
5. A diabetes patient = Chemical

Activity 5: Let’s add more!

False 1. Plants use neurons to send signals and undergo changes inside them. - Hormones
True 2. The main purpose of the innate immune response is to immediately prevent the
spread and movement of foreign pathogens throughout the body.
False 3. Chemical control is under the regulation of the nervous system. – Nervous
False 4. The Central Nervous System (CNS) is composed of nerves that branch out from the
brain and the spinal cord to specific body parts and divided further into somatic and autonomic
nervous system. – Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
False 5. In immunology, non-self molecules are components of an organism’s body that can be
distinguish from foreign substances by the immune system.

ASSESSMENT
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. D
6. B
7. D
8. B
9. D
10. C
11. B
12. D
13. B
14. A
15. A