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Notice
Notice
Notice
1990
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P891-140814
Activities
for the
Elementary Student
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BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
PB91-140814
Date: 1990
Abstract: The document represents an introduction to the solar system for the
elementary student. It contains historical background, facts, and pertinent symbols
concerning the sun, the 9 major planets and their moons; also, information about
comets and asteroids. Other aids to teaching are given, including a solar system
crossword puzzle with answers.
i
AN OUTLINE OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
-i-
12/86 . This is the work of the U.S. Government under Section 17 USC 105.
SUN
I. THE SUN WAS FORMED 5 BILLION YEARS AGO FROM A HUGE CLOUD OF
GAS.
9. THE SUN CONTAINS 99% OF THE TOTAL MASS `^F OUR SOLAR SYSTEM.
12, THE ENERGY WE RECEIVE FROM THE SUN WAS FORMED 50 MILLION
YEARS AGO.
16, THE SUN WILL BURN FOR AT LEAST ANOTHER 5 BILLION YEARS.
17. SYMBOL FOR THE SUN IS THE "EGG OF CREATION".
- 1 -
A P O L L O
- 2 -
pp_ . _
MERCURY
- 3 -
MERCURY
- 4 -
VENUS
- 5 -
VENUS
GODDESS RULED THEM ALL, WHAT BETTER SYMBOL FOR HER BRIGHT
-E -
EARTH
— 7 —
EARTH
- 8 -
^f
MOON
15. WHERE DID THE MOON COME FROM? NO ONE KNOWS THE ANSWER.
- 9-
MOON
DIANA, THE ROMAN GODDESS OF THE MOON, WAS THE TWIN SISTER
OF APOLLO, THE SUN GOD, ANOTHER NAME FOR HER WAS LUNA, WHICH
It
GIVES US THE WORD
- 10 -
MARS
10. THERE ARE STRONG WINDS ON THE SURFACE: 200 TO 300 MPH.
16. MARS HAS ONE HIGH MOUNTAIN CALLED OLYMPUS MONS, WHICH HAS
A BASE THE SIZE OF THE STATE OF MISSOURI.
- 11 -
MARS
MARS WAS THE ROMAN GOD OF WAR, THE RED PLANET, LIKE A
BADGE OF BLOOD IN THE SKY, HAS LONG STOOD FOR GODS OF WAR
IN MANY ANCIENT BELIEFS, THE SHIELD AND SPEAR OF THE WARRIOR
FORM THE PLANET'S SYMBOL,
("TARS HAD TWO SONS, PHOBOS AND DEIMOS, WHOSE NAMES MEAN
"FEAR" AND "TERROR",
- 13 -
ASTEROIDS
CERES
PALLAS
,JUNO
VESTA
EROS
APOLLO
HERMFS
HEKTOR
HIDALGO
ADONIS
EUNOMIA
LAETITIA
DAVIDA
PSYCHE
- 14 -
JUPITER
- 15 -
JUPITER
KING OF ROMAN GODS AND LORD OF THE SKY -- THAT WAS JUPITER,
HIS NAME IS A FITTING ONE FOR OUR LARGEST PLANET,
- 16 -
SATURN
- 17 -
SATURN
- 18 -
URANUS
- 19 -
URANUS
11
20
1
NEPTUNE
- 21 -
NEPTUNE
- 22 -
PLUTO
13. BY THE END OF THIS CENTURY, PLUTO WILL BE THE ONLY PLANET
NOT VISITED BY A SPACE PROBE.
- 23 -
PLUTO
- 24 -
l
COMETS
6. THE WORD COMET COMES FROM THE GREEK WORD KOMETES, MEANING
"LONG-HAIRED",
- 25 -
COMETS
TEMPEL 2 5.26
PONS-
WINNECKE 6.3
SCHWASSMANN-
WACHMANN 1 16.1 ALMOST CIRCULAR ORBIT.
- 26 -
ASTRONOMICAL UNIT
Introduction:
Objective:
Materials:
Procedure:
Suggestion:
When the students have marked off the solar system in astronomical
units on the adding machine tape, find a location at school where
this distance scale of the solar system can be displayed. The entire
school population can then see and use this scale. Example: use colored
chalk (or paint for a more permanent display) to mark the planet's
name and symbol on a hallway floor in the school, parking lot, sidewalk,
or on some other heavily traveled location. Students can also in:lude
on their A.U. scale the number of .Moons for each planet, rotation and
revolution of each planet, equatorial diameter of each planet, etc.
- 27 -
Planet Symbol A.U.
- 28 -
1
3. It takes eight for energy released from the sun's outer layer to
reach the Earth.
6. If you weighed 99 pounds on the Earth, how much would you weigh on Mercury?
13. What effect does the moon's gravitational pull have on the Earth?
16. When was the first American soft landing on the surface of another
pl a net? And on which planet?
18. Name one of the two planets whose day is almost the same length as
an Earth day.
19. Mars, according to . Roman mythology, had two sons, Phobos and Deimos.
Their names mean and
- 29 -
25. How long is a day on Jupiter?
39. If you weighed 100 pounds on Mars, how much will you weigh on Earth?
44. There are three planets that have days approximately °4 hours long.
Can you name them?
- 30 -
SOLAR SYSTEM FLASH CARDS
PROCEDURE:
2. Have student fold each sheet of paper into 4 equal parts. (Fold
bottom to top and side to side.)
3. Neatly tear or cut each sheet into 4 smaller pieces, using the fold
as the cutting line. Each student now has 12 pieces of paper.
A good film to use with this activity is Our Solar System, NASA HQ-234.
- 31 -
1
* Math: Calculate own weight on each of the planets of the solar system.
1. Design a spacecraft.
2. Construct a map of your assigned planet's busy city.
3. Plot navigation courses to other places (math/social
studies skills).
4. Write a newspaper as life might be on your assigned planet.
5. Career choices in this new environment.
- 32 -
SOLAR SYSTEM CROSSWORD
DOWN:
3. If this planet was dum p ed into a hugh glass of water, it w"I d float.
5. In ancient Rare, Neptune ruled this.
7. Nunder of Ea r ths that would fit inside the sun.
11. Number of continents or the Earth.
12. 1 discovereo Jupiter's four largest moons.
14. This moon p as active volcanos.
17. r•: ^'.' r; :-! • n• of the Roman gods.
18. This gas causes Urinus to have a biue-green shine.
21. 1 discovered Uranus in 1781.
23. Acid contained in Venus's upper clouds.
25. Gr-ek god of wealth.
26. The third planet from the sur.
27. It covers over 70% of the Ea rth's surface.
29. The time it takes for Earth to t • avel around the sun.
30. A day on this planet is longer than its year; sun rises in the west and
sets in the east.
DOWN:
1. Mar s, Raman god of
2. largest planet in tFe solar system.
4. Mercury obtained the caduseus from
6. Carnet with the shortest known orbit.
6. Saturn's sybol.
9. The physician's symbol.
10. Humans have landed on the moon times.
13. A moon with nitrogen-use,' atmosp
15. Nunber of Pluto's moons.
16. Planet thet is tipped on its side.
17. A fa'.ling star that survives its Journey through Earth's atmos.here.
16. Earth's natu'al satellite.
19. 1 am sometimes called a dirty snowdall.
20. Ou , galaxy.
22. Most studied comet in history.
23. Greek sign for Earth.
24. Largest known asteroid.
25. What the moon passes throuch as it t ravels around the Earth.
28. Its symbol is ` tne egg of creation`.
SOLAR SYSTEM WORD SEARCH
JDIANATNM0AXVUJDZR
RHMAPEPDVCJCMBJCSD
SNCKMHPUGXUDHYLFB0
Y J Z 0 H P 0 T C T P T 0 A 0 B R M
VWCGEYUBUAIWEARTHH
P0AVKTNI0NTDEIM0SL
WE00PCADUSEUSBSGNG
IYDBDAHMNMRLIUN0HH
PMMHP0JVYCWIND0SSS
0BE0LLCNBWFAAMKIGM
S X R S U N A S T E R 0 1 D S C 0 A
SUYWTGL70UZWKTAKLD
E G I M 0 A L 0 1 K C C Y S J L I H
ZZADTRIDENTR0TDEXC
D G U 0 1 0 S S A T U R N V R J G D
XJKFTRTEACBMXEPPLV
Z U K R A J 0 T R I T 0 N N J R L R
K0FMNIFEXUXHZUSEEK
MKYHDAMENJMUC5LBVZ
ASTEROIDS 10 SATURN
CADU SEUS JUP IT R SICKLE
C ALL I STO MARS SUN
CHARON ME RC URY TITAN
COMET MOON TRIDENT
DE IMOS NEP TUNE TRITON
DIANA NEREI0 URANUS
EARTH PHOBOS VENUS
EUROPA PLATINUM
GANYMEDE PLUTO
- 34 -
I
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
Becklak e, Sue. The Mysterious Universe.
D'Ignazio, Fred. The New Astronomy, Probing the Secrets of Space. Watts.
Gallant, Roy. The Planets: Exploring the Solar System. Scholastic.
Kerrod, Robin. Mission Outer Space. Lerner Publishing Co.
Kerrod, Robin. Race for the Moon. Lerner Publishing Co.
Nourse, Alan E. The Giant Planets. Watts.
Riopan, Ian. Stars and Planets.
NASA PUBLICATIONS
EP-131 What's New on the Moon.
EP-177 A Meetinq with the Universe.
EP-191 The Voyager Flights to u i ter.
NF-81 Voyager Mission tote Outer Flanets.
NF-89 The o a er ission.
NF-100 Voyagerr to Saturn.
NF-132 mages of aturn from Voyager 2.
NF-134 Our anets at a ance.
FILMS
H0230 The Moon--an Emerging Planet
HQ209 The Moon--Old and New
HQ275 Reading the Moon's Secrets
HQ263 Mars--Is There life?
HQ264 Mars and Beyond
H0270 A Question of Life
HQ235 Earth-Sun Relationship
HQ294 Earthspace--Our Environment
HQ281 HEA--The New Universe
HQ245 Life Beyond Earth and the Mind of Flan
HQ234 Our Solar System
HQ226 Who's Out There
HQ163 A View of the Sky
HQ220 Universe
HQ196 Seed of Discovery
HQ192 A Mission for Mariner
HQ254 Partnership into Space--Mission Helios
HQ283 Mars--The Search begins
HQ282 Mercury, Exploration of a Planet
HQ243 Jupiter Odyssey
HQB2 The Clouds of Venus
- 35 -
SOURCE LIST
- 36 -
SOLAR SYSTEM TRIVIA ANSWERS
- 37 -
SOLAR SYSTEM CROSSWORD
ANSWER ITY
Aeraat Data:
WJ
3. SATURN I . VAR SATURN A
S. SEA 2. JUPITER SEA R P P
7. MILLION 4. APOLLO N MILLION
S 9 C S T L
11. FIVE 6. DIKE
12. GALILEO S. SICKLE
tIVE 6ALIL9 0 L
C T 0 X R I0
14. 10 9. CADUSEUS
K I U 0 U
17. MESSENGER 10. Six
L T NISSEN6ER
18. METHANE 13. TITAN
METHANE• E E A
21. NERSCMEL 15. ONE
0 N T U N C
23. SULFURIC 16. URAMIS
0 N 8 2 R S C N 9 L U 0
25. PLUTO 17. METEORITE
H I 0 A S M
26. EARTH 18. NOON
27. WATER 19. COMET SULtURIC L C E
29. YEAR 20. MILKYWAY
P K 1 L E PLUTO
N Y T EARTH
30.-VENUS 22. HALLZY
E WATER Y E A
23. SPHERE
24. CHILES R A S S S
E YEAR VENUS
25. PHASES
28. SUN S N
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