TENSES

I. PRESENT TENSE II. PAST TENSE III. FUTURE TENSE

a) Simple Present a) Simple Past a) Simple Future
b) Present Continuous b) Past Continuous b) Future Continuous
c) Present Perfect c) Past Perfect c) Future Perfect
d) Present Perfect Continuous d) Past Perfect Continuous d) Future Perfect Continuous

I. a) Simple Present: It is used to express an action that takes place regularly and also
while talking about universal facts.
Structure: Subject + Verb ( V1-Base word/Root word) + Object
Ex: My mother goes for a walk everyday.
The Sun rises in the east.

b) Present Continuous: It is used when an action is going on at the time of speaking.

* It is also used when we talk about future.
Structure: Subject +is/are+ V+ ing ( Present Participle)
Ex: Maria is painting a picture.
We are going to a movie tomorrow.

c) Present Perfect: It is used to express an action that has just been completed.
Structure: Subject + has/have + V3 ( Past Participle) + object
Ex: Raghav has just finished his work.
We have read the lesson.

d) Present Perfect Continuous: It is used to express an action that began at a

certain period of time in the past and is still going on.
Structure: Subject + has been/have been +V ing( Present Participle) + object
Ex: It has been raining since yesterday.
We have been preparing for exams since last Monday.

II. a) Simple Past: It is used when we talk about a past habit, or an action that took
place at some particular time in the past.
Structure: Subject + V2 ( Past tense of a verb) + Object
Ex: We played tennis yesterday.

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 b) Past Continuous: It is used when an action took place and continued for a certain
period of time in the past., and also to describe situations or past incidents.
Structure: Subject + was/were + V+ing( Present participle) + object
Ex: The choir group was singing folk songs.
When we were playing cricket last sunday ,my friend fell down.

c) Past Perfect: It shows an action completed at some point in the past, before
another action began.
Structure: Subject + had + V3( Past Participle)
Ex: The flight had landed when I reached the airport.

d) Past Perfect Continuous: It is used to express an action that took place

continuously for a certain period of time in the past.
Structure: Subject + had been + V+ing( Present participle)
Ex: He had been writing a novel for one month .

III. a) Simple future: It is used to indicate an action that is yet to take place.
Structure: Subject + shall/ will + V1 + object
Ex: We will buy a new dress for Diwali.

b) Future Continuous: It expresses an action that will be going on at sometime in

future.
Structure: Subject + will be + v+ing
Ex: Rohit will be performing on the stage tomorrow.

c) Future Perfect: It expresses an action that will be completed at a given point of

time as predicted in the future.
Structure: Subject + will have + V3 + object
Ex: The grass will have grown by the end of this month.

d) Future Perfect Continuous: It is used to denote a continuous action that refers to

sometime in the future.
Structure: Subject + will have been + V+ ing
Ex: Mahitha will have been reading about the Virtual Teachers’ Day Celebration in
the Newspaper tomorrow.

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Complete the following table. ( Irregular Verbs)

Present ( V1) Past ( V2) Past Participle (V3) Present

Participle(V +ing)
1.Do did done doing
2.Go
3. gave
4. writing
5. come
6. Eaten
7. draw
8. send
9. bought
10. fallen
11. chose
12.freeze
13. driven
14.bring
15. seen
16.fly
17. sang
18. shaken
19. take
20. knowing
21. rode
22.grow
23. throw
25.spend
26. broken
27.blow
28.begin
29. became
30. feel

(Regular verbs)

1. play
2. jumped
3. killing
4. hunt
5. prayed

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Special verbs ( No change in V2 and V3)

1. Read
2. put
3. hurt
4. cut
5. hit
6. Beat beaten
7. burst
8. shut
9. fit
10. splitting

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in the brackets.

1. I ___________ a letter from my father yesterday. ( receive)

2. He ________ to my house tomorrow. ( come)
3. ______ you ________ your homework? ( do)
4. I ______ up early in the morning every day. ( get)
5. Miss Sarla _________ us Science. ( teach)
6. My brother ________ a speech these days.
7. He generally _____ to school by bus but today he ___________ by a car. ( go)
8. They ____________ _____ for three hours. ( sing)
9. She ___________ a story book at present.( read )
10. I _______________ T.V. when my father came from office. ( watch)
11. We did not see that the teacher ___________ behind us. ( stand)
12. The thief __________ before the police reached the spot. ( escape)
13. The fire had burnt the huts before the fire brigade __________. ( arrive)
14. I _______ always ________ you in need. ( help)
15. They ______________ to a new place next month. ( shift)

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