MAJOR

DOMAINS OF
THE EARTH
CHAPTER 5
DOMAINS OF EARTH
What is
Biosphere?
Explain with
help of a
Venn
diagram.
What is the solid portion of the Earth
Called?

The outermost
Lithosphere layer of Earth
consist of crust

Responsible for the

hard and rigid Made up of rocks
surface of the Earth and minerals
on which life exists
Lithosphere

Supports various landforms- mountains,

plateaus, plains, dessert etc…
• Types of Lithosphere
- Oceanic Lithosphere
- Continental lithosphere
Continents
ASIA

Largest continent

Covers 30% of the earth’s surface

Has population of over 4 billion

Lies in Eastern and Northern Hemisphere

Tropic of Cancer passes through Asia

11
Eurasia
Eurasia (Europe + Asia)
The Ural Mountains are the dividing line
between Europe and Asia.
 Much smaller than Asia

Lies west of Asia

EUROPE Arctic circle passes through it

Surrounded by water on three

sides

Lies in Northern and Eastern

Hemisphere
ARCTIC CIRCLE
 Second largest continent

Large part lies in

Northern Hemisphere

World's hottest desert

Africa (Sahara Desert) lies here

Africa is bound by oceans and

seas on all sides

World's longest river passes

through Africa-Nile
 Third largest continent

Lies in Northern and

NORTH
AMERICA Western Hemisphere

Surrounded by Pacific,
Atlantic and Arctic Ocean
Isthmus
SOUTH AMERICA

Lies in Southern Hemisphere

Surrounded by Pacific and Atlantic Ocean

World's longest mountain ranges

Andes run through it

Amazon river lies in this continent

AUSTRALIA

Smallest continent

Lies in southern Hemisphere

Australia is also called the Island

continent

Surrounded by ocean and sea on all

sides.
 • Lies completely in southern
hemisphere
• South pole lies in its centre

Antarctica • Permanently covered with thick ice

sheets
• Many countries have research
stations
• India has research stations – Maitri
and Dakshin Gangotri
What is the significance of water on Earth? Do you think
is it justified to call Earth “The Blue Planet”? What is the
hidden irony which lies behind this statement?
Flipgrid
• Imagine you are standing for the position of Sarpanch in your village. Make a flipgrid
video and describe ways to inspire the members of Gram Sabha in water
conservation.
 What are the
different
forms of
Ocean
movements?
OCEAN WAVES

• The disturbance in
water caused by the
movement of
energy from a source
(wind, earthquake,
landslide, volcanic
eruptions)
Ocean Current

• A continuous
movement
of ocean water from
one place to another.
• Ocean currents are
created by wind,
water temperature,
and the gravity of
the moon.
OCEANS
• Is the largest ocean
• Spreads over on third of
the world
• Marina trench lies here
ATLANTIC
OCEAN
• Second largest ocean
• In form of alphabet ‘S’
• Surrounded by North and
South America in west
• Europe and Africa in East
• The coastlines is highly
indented
INDENTED
COASTLINES
INDIAN OCEAN
• Only ocean named after
a country
• Shape of ocean is
triangular
• North- Asia, West-
Africa, East- Australia
ARCTIC OCEAN

• Located within Arctic Circle

• Surrounds the North Pole
• Connected with Pacific Ocean by
a narrow stretch of shallow water
called Bering Strait
BERING
STRAIT
Difference between Strait and Isthmus
 The Southern Ocean
encircles the continent of
Antarctica

SOUTHERN/
Also known as
ANTARTIC the Antarctic Ocean
OCEAN
Comprises the
southernmost waters of
the world’s ocean
ATMOSPHERE
Imagine you are travelling from India
to South America in the western
direction.
Name the continents & oceans you
would be passing through.
 Troposphere is the lowest
layer of Earth's
LAYERS OF atmosphere.
ATMOSPHERE All weather conditions
take place here

Stratosphere is the
second layer of
Atmosphere. Consists of
the Ozone layer. Aircrafts
fly in this layer
 Layers of MESOSPHERE THERMOSPHERE- THE EXOSPHERE IS
THE THERMOSPHERE THE FIFTH AND FINAL
Atmosphere -MOST
METEORS
GREATLY HELPS
IN PROTECTING
LAYER OF
EARTH'S ATMOSPHER
THE EARTH AND E THAT FADES INTO
BURN UP IN MAKING SPACE OUTER SPACE.
EXPLORATION AND
THE MESOSP MODERN FORMS OF
COMMUNICATION
HERE. IT IS POSSIBLE.
THE COLDEST
LAYER OF
ATMOSPHER
E.
In which layer of
atmosphere does
an airplane fly?
GASES OF
ATMOSPHERE
Why do the
mountaineers
climbing Mt
Everest carry
oxygen
cylinders?
Creative
Writing:
Impact of human
interventions on
atmosphere and the
ways to prevent them
BIOSPHERE
 Do you think the
biosphere is
getting altered by man-
made activities?
Deforestation
How does
deforestation
impacts Earth?