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English Shs Eappmodule3
English Shs Eappmodule3
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English for Academic and Professional Purposes
Module 3 - Using various techniques in summarizing a variety of academic texts
First Edition, 2020
Copyright © 2020
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form
without written permission from the copyright owners.
Management Team:
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Target
In your previous lesson, you have used your knowledge of text structure to
glean the information you need.
This time, this lesson will provide you with information and activities that
will help you summarize academic texts using various techniques.
After going through this learning material, you are expected to:
1. use various techniques in summarizing a variety of academic texts
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-5).
1
Jumpstart
Before going on, let us check how much you know about summarizing.
Teacher’s Note: Your feelings about summarizing are normal and valid just like
how you felt when your crush said, “Hi” or when you were seen-zoned by
him/her. It’s okay child. If summarizing was easy for you or so-so, then you are
a happy kid. But if not, help is coming. Stay put.
PRE-TEST 2: PRIOR-ITY
Directions: In your notebook, write YAH if you agree to the statement; write NAH if
not.
1. Summary is a dumb thing that teachers make you write.
2. Summary is the entire text, told in your own words.
3. You write your own opinions, like “This was a great story!”, in your
summary.
4. In writing a summary, the format is always in a paragraph form.
5. The length of the summary depends on how many important details it
needs to cover.
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Discover
WHAT IS A SUMMARY?
Summary is a brief or short statement or account of something that consists
of the main ideas and important details of a text.
The length of your summary depends on the main idea and key points you
have covered. There is no definite or exact length of a summary.
WAIT, WHAT?
Before writing a summary, you need to carefully read and understand the
text for you to be able to point out its main idea and key points which are the most
essential in summarizing.
1. The main idea is what the text is about. Often, you can find the main
idea in the topic sentence or thesis statement. Sometimes the main idea
is explicit; sometimes it is implied. If the main idea is explicit, it means it
is directly stated in the topic sentence. If it is implied, it means the topic
sentence only suggests or gives a hint of the idea but is not directly
stated in the sentence.
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2. Key points or sub points are arguments or information that are used to
support the main idea. Key points may be developed or elaborated with
supporting details.
Teacher’s Note: Your summary should only include main ideas and key points.
Just like in life, you keep only those who are important to you, and ignore
those who are just sticking their nose around and not helping make you a
better person.
HOW TO SUMMARIZE?
Use MIDAS touch.
M Main idea: Identify main idea from the topic sentence (if there is one)
or use all or any of the basic signal words [ who (subject), what (action),
where (location), when (time), why (reason), how (process)].
I Identify key points.
D Disregard unimportant information.
A Analyze redundant information.
S Simplify, categorize, and label important information.
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It was a big, fat caterpillar. It built a small house called a cocoon around itself. It stayed
inside for more than two weeks. Then, it nibbled a hole in the cocoon, pushed its way
out, and it was a beautiful butterfly.
Teacher’s Note: Easy, right? Our answers using the basic signal words are
pretty much the same with the main idea and key points. The only difference
is that you should be able to identify the main idea from the key points
separately. Now, let us move to a higher ground. Do not forget to write the
title or number of the activity in your notebook for easy checking.
From the main idea and key points you have written, decide which of the
following below is the best summary of the story. Be able to reason out why you
chose or did not choose each summary presented. Write your answers in your
notebook.
Summary #1
A bug comes out of an egg. It eats lots of food. This is a great story. If you want
to find out how it ends, you should read it!
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Summary #2
A caterpillar hatches from an egg. After eating many different kinds of food, it
turns into a beautiful butterfly.
Why or Why not? ________________________________________________________________
Summary #3
In the warm moonlight, a caterpillar hatches out of an egg. First it eats a mango.
Then it eats bananas. Then it eats three guavas. Then it eats four strawberries.
Then it eats five oranges. Then it eats lots of other things. Finally, it spins a cocoon
around itself. It turns into a beautiful butterfly!
Why or Why not? ________________________________________________________________
Teacher’s Note: Make sure you have answered everything in Practice 2 before you
proceed to Realigning My Answers. You can’t move on if there is still an
unfinished business left behind. You should know that.
Summary #2: This summary includes the main character (the “what” or
subject) of the story, as well as the important events. It does not include
trivial details or opinions.
Summary #3: This summary contains more details than are needed. The list
of “mango, bananas, guavas, strawberries, and oranges” can be collapsed
into “fruits” or “different kinds of food”.
Teacher’s Note: Did you get it right or are you close enough? Either way, you are a
good learner for trying. Now, let’s continue.
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PRACTICE 3: MAIN IDEA AND KEY POINTS
Read the following text, and try to write down in your notebook the main
idea and the key points. Then, write a summary out of the main idea and the key
points.
Wrigley’s Chewing Gum
(1) Wrigley’s chewing gum was actually developed as a premium to be given away
with other product rather than as a primary product for sale. As a teenager, William
Wrigley Jr. was working for his father in Chicago selling soap that has been
manufactured in his father’s factory. The soap was not very popular with merchants
because it was priced at 5 cents, and this selling price did not leave a good profit margin
for the merchants. Wrigley convinced his father to raise the price to ten cents and to give
away cheap umbrellas as a premium for the merchants. This worked successfully,
confirming to Wrigley that the use of premium was an effective sales tool.
(2) Wrigley then established his own company, in his company he was selling soap
as a wholesaler, giving baking soda away as a premium, and using a cook book to
promote each deal. Over time, the baking soda and cookbook became more popular than
the soap, so Wrigley began a new operation selling baking soda. He soon decided on
chewing gum. Once again, when Wrigley realized that the demand for premium was
stronger than the demand for the original product, he created the Wm. Wrigley Jr.
Company to produce and sell chewing gum.
(3) Wrigley started out with two brands of gum, Vassar and Lotta gums, and soon
introduced Juicy Fruit and Spearmint. The latter two brands grew in popularity, while
the first two were phased out. Juicy Fruit and Spearmint are two of Wrigley’s main brand
to this day.
Teacher’s Note: Make sure you have answered everything in Practice 3 before you
proceed to the next page. You can’t cheat, you know the feeling if someone does it
to you. Don’t do this to yourself. I repeat, Practice first before you Realign.
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PRACTICE 3: REALIGNING MY ANSWERS
Here are the possible answers.
Main Idea: Wrigley’s Chewing Gum
Key Points:
1. Wrigley established his own company, the Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company, with
baking soda as his primary product.
2. The chewing gum was originally developed as a premium to be given away.
3. Juicy Fruit and Spearmint are two of Wrigley’s main brand to this day.
Summary: Wrigley’s chewing gum was originally developed as a give-away or
premium with baking soda as William Wrigley Jr.’s original product, but the
demand for the premium was greater than the product so he decided to create the
Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company which produces and sells chewing gum. Juicy Fruit and
Spearmint are the products seen in the market today.
Teacher’s Note: How many checks did you get? You did a great job anyway!
Though, if you feel you are left behind, I am just one text/call/chat away. Carry on.
Teacher’s Note: One-word summaries can NOT always come from the title of the
text.
2. GIST Strategy
According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, gist means main point or
essence. In this strategy, you fill in the details asked of you and follow the steps
given.
Title of the Text: _________________________
Source: _________________________
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a. Read the article or section of text.
b. Fill in the 5 Ws and H where applicable.
Who: Where:
What: Why:
When: How:
c. Write a 10-word GIST summary.
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____
3. Summary Star
Using the shape of a star, first write your preferred one-word title for the
article. It can be the theme or the main idea of the article. Then, write two feelings
the text conveys in the right corner. In the lower right corner of the star, write three
words about the setting. Next, write four words to describe the problem or conflict.
Lastly, write five words about the conclusion or ending of the text in the left corner.
1
word for a
new title
4. Chain of Events
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5. Problem-Solution Chart
Who
6. Story Pyramid
7. Acrostics
► You are to choose a key word/concept from the lesson. You must then write
a detail or descriptor that starts with each of the letters of the key
word/concept.
► For example, the key word of a text is HONESTY. You must then think of a
detail or a description that starts with the letter “H” and that is related to the
text, and so on.
► Here is an example.
H- elp yourself to become a man with dignity
O- wn your mistakes
N- ever lie
E- nsure that your intentions are real
S- tay true to yourself and to everyone
T- ruth should always come out
Y- es to being faithful
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8. RAFT
Role (from whose point of view)
Audience (the specific reader to whom the piece is being written)
Form or Format (a letter, memo, list, email, etc.)
Topic (specific subject of the writing)
You are to make a list of key points from the text in bullet form.
Teacher’s Note: Now that you are equipped with discoveries, it’s time to explore.
Are you ready?
Explore
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The summary The summary The summary The summary
has no errors has few errors has several has many
in grammar, in grammar, errors in errors in
Mechanics capitalization, capitalization, grammar, grammar,
and Grammar punctuation, punctuation, capitalization, capitalization,
and/or and/or punctuation, punctuation,
spelling. spelling. and/or and/or
spelling. spelling.
Text 1
Understanding Calories
A calorie, also known as kilocalorie, is a unit of energy. This unit represents the
energy required to heat a kilogram of water on degree Celsius. While people generally link
the term calorie with food, it is a unit of measurement that can be applied to any
substance possessing energy. For instance, there are 8200 calories in a litter (about one
quart) of gasoline.
Calories describe the potential energy in food to maintain bodily functions, grow or
repair tissue, and perform mechanical work such as exercise. Food calories may take the
form of fat, carbohydrates, or proteins. Once consumed, enzymes act on these nutrients
through metabolic processes and break them into their perspective categories of fatty
acids, glucose, and amino acids. These molecules travel through the blood stream to
specific cells where they are absorbed for immediate use or sent on to the final stage of
metabolism where they release their stored energy through the process of oxidation.
The number of calories burned during an exercise depends on various factors
including body weight and the type of exercise. For example, an individual weighing 59
kilograms (130 pounds) would expend roughly 500 calories per hour swimming or playing
basketball. However, this same person would burn an estimated 200 walking or playing
table tennis. In order to survive and maintain body weight, the average individual
requires approximately 2000 to 2500 calories per day. Gaining or losing weight is a
simple process. Add and subtract 7,700 calories over the course of time to gain or lose a
kilogram. Nutrition has nothing to do with it. It is all about calories.
Teacher’s Note: Are you still alright? I know you can do this. Just hang on. You’ll
get this over with in due time. Have faith, review, and summarize.
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Text 2
A How-to Guide for Physical Distancing
by the World Health Organization
Physical distancing helps limit the spread of COVID-19 – this means we keep a
distance of at least 1m from each other and avoid spending time in crowded places or in
groups. Protect yourself and others. Break the chain of transmission.
We do not always know who may be sick with coronavirus. That’s why it’s
important to stay home and practice physical distancing. If we must go out, e.g. to buy
groceries or for medical reasons, we should stay at least 1m away from others. Staying at
home as much as possible is the right thing to do now. Limiting gatherings with people
outside your household – like group activities and religious events – can reduce the
spread of COVID-19. Protect yourself and others. Do your part. Stay home.
Even small group activities can lead to COVID-19 spreading. Staying home and
connecting with friends and family through a call or video chat is a smart choice. If you’ve
been asked to self-isolate or self-quarantine, there is a good reason for this. No one wants
to be responsible for making other people sick. Protect yourself and others. Do your part.
Break the chain of COVID-19 transmission.
Physical distancing is new for all of us, so it can feel strange. But it’s the smart
choice. We can stay socially connected while physically distant – through video, call or
text. You may like going to the gym, playing a group sport or participating in an exercise
class, but these activities bring us into close contact with others. Try to stay active in
your home or outdoors while keeping a distance of at least 1m from others.
Some of our common habits, like greeting each other with a hug or handshake, put
us in close contact with others and can cause COVID-19 to spread. Let’s keep a
distance of at least 1m from one another – even when saying hello!
While you may need to leave your home while physical distancing, follow national
health advice and stay safe. Together, we can break the chain of COVID-19 transmission.
Teacher’s Note: Two summaries down, one more to go (in this part only). Before
you summarize Text 3, have a breathe of fresh air first. Stretch for 30 seconds.
Then off you go. You are not going anywhere though, what I mean is you can
now continue summarizing. Good luck!
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Text 3
A Filipino surfer abandoned a medal race to rescue his competitor
December 9, 2019
By Anne Quito
Filipino surfer Roger Casugay earned the Philippines its first-ever gold medal in
surfing at the Southeast Asian Games today (Dec. 8). But even before winning the men’s
longboard competition, the 25-year-old athlete was already heralded as the event’s hero
for an unselfish act during a semi-final round last week.
Casugay was leading a one-on-one race against Indonesian surfer Arip Nurhidayat
Friday (Dec. 6) when he noticed that Nurhidayat broke his ankle leash and was swept by
towering waves at Monaliza Point, La Union in northern Philippines. Typhoon Kammuri
(called Tisoy locally) has made conditions challenging at the 30th edition of the biennial
sporting event.
Casugay, a surfing instructor, paddled back to Nurhidayat and helped him back to shore.
Spectator Jefferson Ganuelas described the scene on Facebook, noting Casugay “rescued
him not minding the ongoing race for gold medal.”
Sports fans—including many Indonesians on Twitter—are calling Casugay a hero,
a title he’s uneasy with. “No, I’m not a hero,” he said to Rappler. “I didn’t really save him
from drowning. He is a good swimmer. I just calmed him down.”
“We have a brotherhood in surfing,” he told CNN. “If someone needs help, you go. I
didn’t think about winning and [am] just relieved that we were both safe. We were
overjoyed when we reached the shore.”
Casugay won a rematch against Nurhidayat yesterday and bested fellow Filipino
surfer Rogelio Esquivel for the gold medal.
Teacher’s Note: Wow, congratulations! You are done with the first part of your
practice. You need more practice to hone your skills and be better in
summarizing. I know you like that.
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Deepen
Congratulations for being chosen as one of the recipients of the ASEAN Educational
Program Award. You are invited to the 5th Annual ASEAN English Teachers’ Conference.
Our sponsors value the important work done by English language teachers and they are
willing to support your professional endeavors by giving financial aid in the conference.
The conference organizers and sponsors want to know more about your work and how
the ASEAN English Teachers’ Conference will be able to help you. May we ask you to
complete the attached questionnaire to help us provide that information? Also, we would
appreciate the opportunity for members of our Sponsorhip Profile team to talk with you
about your work and the challenges and opportunities that you have identified in your
study.
If you have questions, just send me an email or check this link to the conference
website. Thank you and we look forward to meeting you.
Best regards,
Prof. Hannah Lee
Role: ________________________
Audience: ________________________
Form or Format: ________________________
Topic: ________________________
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Who Are Caregivers?
Caregivers are typically professionals (home health aides, personal care aides,
nursing assistants, in home companions, etc.) or family members or friends who provide
vital physical, practical, and emotional support to a person who is elderly, disabled or
senior. They are increasingly handling tasks previously done by health care professionals.
Caregivers may have a range of responsibilities on a daily or as-needed basis, including
providing support and encouragement, giving medications, helping control symptoms and
side effects, coordinating medical appointments and providing transportation, assisting
with nutritional needs, helping with housekeeping, and handling insurance issues.
Caregiving roles can generally be broken down into three categories:
Live-in caregiver. One person typically assumes the role of the primary (lead)
caregiver, often because of emotional, geographic, and logistical reasons. One-quarter of
care recipients in the United States live with their caregivers, according to the Family
Caregiver Alliance.
Shared responsibility caregiver. Some caregivers share the responsibility with
other family members, based on who is able to best perform each of the caregiving tasks.
Working productively with family members in times of stress can be challenging because
previous family conflicts are more likely to surface or intensify. However, caring for a
person with cancer can also bring families closer together. Learn more about sharing
caregiving responsibilities with family in a positive way.
Long-distance caregiver. In some cases, care is managed by a family member or
friend who does not live near the person with cancer. A long-distance caregiver assumes
the responsibility of coordinating services—often by phone or by email—as well as
arranging for local volunteers, friends, and colleagues to assist the person with cancer.
Caring for a person with cancer who lives far away can be emotionally exhausting
because all of the usual caregiving worries tend to be magnified. It may also cause
financial stress. However, there are steps you can take to be an effective caregiver no
matter how far away you are. Find out more about long-distance caregiving.
____________________________
o ____________________________
o ____________________________
o ____________________________
____________________________
o ____________________________
o ____________________________
o ____________________________
o ____________________________
o ____________________________
o ____________________________
o ____________________________
____________________________
o ____________________________
o ____________________________
o ____________________________
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ACTIVITY 3: GIST
Read the news, then fill in the details needed for the GIST strategy.
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For those who missed it, the next blue moon total lunar eclipse would be on
December 31, 2028, according to NASA. Indeed, it is “once in a blue moon”.
Defendants, by the undersigned counsel and unto the Honorable Court, respectfully state
that:
(1) On 5 January 2016, the Honorable Court, in open court, directed the Parties to
submit their Compromise Agreement within ten (10) days therefrom, or on 15
January 2015.
(2) Defendant Hannah Dy is presently abroad and needs to execute a Special Power
of Attorney authorizing her brother and Co-Defendant Roland Dy to sign the
Compromise Agreement on her behalf.
(3) This Motion is not intended to delay the instant proceedings but filed solely by
reason of the foregoing. Moreover, the filing of the same will not result in any
injustice of prejudice to any of the parties herein.
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Gauge
TEST 1: HUH?
Directions: Write YAH if the statement about summary is true; write NAH if
otherwise.
1. Answers to the 5 Ws + H which are who, what, where, when, why, and
how should always be complete in your summary.
2. Aside from the main idea and key points, minor details should be
included in your summary.
3. The length of your summary should always be a half shorter than the
original text.
4. The statement, “You should read the essay”, is an essential part of your
summary.
5. Summarizing is one way to avoid plagiarizing one’s work.
S -
U -
M -
M -
A -
R -
Y -
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Answer Key
JUMPSTART
PRE-TEST 2: PRIOR-ITY
1. NAH
2. NAH
3. NAH
4. NAH
5. YAH
EXPLORE
IT’S SUMMAR-Y TIME! (Key points may be added and summary may vary.)
Text 1:
Main Idea: Calories
Key Points:
1. Unit of energy which may be in food and in exercise
2. In food, it takes the form of fat, carbohydrates, or proteins with
which in the process breaks into molecules that are either used or
oxidized.
3. In exercise, the number of calories burned depends on body weight
and type of exercise. Addition of calories makes a person gain weight
or otherwise.
Summary: Calorie is a unit of energy often linked to food and exercise. In
food, it takes the form of fat, carbohydrates, or proteins with which in the
process breaks into molecules that are either used or oxidized. While in
exercise, the number of calories burned depends on body weight and type of
exercise. Addition of calories makes a person gain weight or otherwise.
Text 2:
Main Idea: Physical Distancing
Key Points:
1. Keeping a distance of at least 1m from each other
2. Avoid crowded places and limit gatherings.
3. Stay at home, connect with friends and family through call, text or
video chat, exercise indoors.
Summary: To avoid the spread of COVID-19, keep a distance of at least 1m
from each other. Avoid crowded places and limit gatherings. Just stay at
home while connecting with friends and family through call, text or video
chat, and staying active by exercising indoors.
Text 3:
Main Idea: Roger Casugay, a hero
Key Points:
1. Saved his competitor from drowning
2. Gold medal holder during the Southeast Asian Games surfing
competition after a rematch
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Summary: Roger Casugay is considered a hero as he rescued his competitor
who was drowning during the Southeast Asian Games surfing competition.
He got the gold medal after a rematch.
DEEPEN
ACTIVITY 1: RAFT
Role: Prof. Hannah Lee
Audience: Prof. Lanuza
Form or Format: Letter
Topic: Invitation to the 5th Annual ASEAN English Teachers’
Conference
ACTIVITY 3: GIST
Title of the Text: Experiencing the ‘Super Blue Blood Moon’ atop Mt.
Kabugbugan
by Joanna D. Sabado
Source: The Norluzonian Courier, February 13-19, 2018
5 Ws and H
Who: Residents and tourists
What: Witnessing the super blue blood moon
Where: Mt. Kabugbugan/Mt. Puraw, Palugsi-Limmansangan, Bauang,
La Union
Why: To view the once-in-a-lifetime lunar phenomenon
When: January 31, Wednesday, 6:49 p.m. to 12:09 am the next day
How: Residents and tourists climbed at Mt. Kabugbugan
10-word GIST summary (Learner’s answers may vary.)
Residents Mt. Kabugbugan January 31, 2018
Tourists Super blue blood moon Bauang, La Union
Wednesday Witnessed Once-in-a-lifetime
Phenomenon
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ACTIVITY 4: EXTRA BASIC
Who: Defendants
What: Extension to submit compromise agreement
Why: Defendant Hannah Dy is presently abroad
How: Defendant Hannah Dy needs to execute a Special Power of Attorney
authorizing her brother and Co-Defendant Roland Dy to sign the
Compromise Agreement on her behalf.
GAUGE
TEST 1: HUH?
1. NAH
2. NAH
3. NAH
4. NAH
5. YAH
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References
Printed Materials:
Department of Education. 2016. English for Academic and Professional Purposes
Reader. Understanding Calories (p. 19). Pasig City, Philippines
Sabado, Joanna D. 2018. "Experiencing the 'Super Blue Blood Moon' atop Mt.
Kabugbugan." The Norluzonian Courier, February 13-19: 1,3.
Saqueton, Grace M, and Marikit Tara A Uychoco. 2016. English for Academic and
Professional Purposes. Manila: REX Book Store.
Electronic Sources:
Carle, Eric. n.d. The Very Hungry Caterpillar. Accessed July 26, 2020.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=75NQK-Sm1YY&t=13s
Lewis, Ann, and Aleta Thompson. 2010. Quick Summarizing Strategies to Use in the
Classroom. April. Accessed July 26, 2020.
https://www.readingrockets.org/content/pdfs/summarizing_Strategies.pdf
Quito, Anne. 2019. A Filipino surfer abandoned a medal race to rescue his
competitor. December 9. Accessed May 15, 2020.
https://qz.com/1763786/filipino-surfer-roger-casugay-is-the-hero-of-the-
2019-sea-games/
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