SCIENCE

Modified Strategic Intervention Materials

Quarter 1 Week 3
Special Science Elmentary School – Grade Three
Modified Strategic Intervention Materials
Grade One – Quarter 1: Week 3: Durability as a Special Properties of Matter
Uses and Importance of Durable Materials
Viscosity and Conductivity as Special Properties
of Matter
Elasticity as a Special Property of Matter

Development Team

Author: Mary Ann R. Dizon

Ricardo F. Santos
Cover Art Illustrator: Erich D. Garcia
Reviewer: Paz I. Calas
Editor: Paz I. Canlas
Layout: Jacqueline E. Libut

Management Team

Zenia G. Mostoles EdD, CESOV, Schools Division Superintendent

Celia R. Lacanlale PhD, Chief CID
Paz I. Canlas, Education Program Supervisor in Science

Department of Education – Division of Pampanga

Office Address: High School Boulevard, Brgy. Lourdes,

San Fernando City, Pampanga

Landline Number: (045) 435-27-28

Email Address: pampanga@deped.gov.ph

 Title Card
Lesson 8: Durability as a Special Property of Matter

Guide Card

Hi there young scientist! In the previous

modules, you have learned about the special
physical properties of matter, brittleness,
ductility, and malleability. You have learned
that common brittle objects, ductile materials
and objects made from malleable metals
help us in our everyday lives.
In this module, you will be exploring
about another special physical property of
matter, durability.
Let’s go ahead and learn more about durability in the
following pages!

Learning Objectives:

 Infer that materials have a special property: durability.

➢ define what durability is; and
➢ identify characteristics of a durable material

1
Pre-Test: What I Know
Choose and encircle the objects that will not be easily
damaged or broken.
REMINDER: Always write your answers on your notebook. Do not
answer directly on the modules as they will be used by other third
graders too. Thank you!

Great job! Did you get ALL the answers correctly? If yes, you
may skip this module. If not, go ahead, flip the pages, to learn
more.

Review / What’s In
Are you familiar with this picture? This is a
photo of the Taipei 101 building in Taipei,
Taiwan. It is considered as a structure
that is strongly built. It is a 1,667-foot tower
that sits just 660 feet from a major fault line
in typhoon-prone Taiwan. Luckily, a 730-
ton mass damper
that's 18 feet in diameter and supported
by hydraulic cylinders sits near the top of the structure to
counteract sudden and violent movement by the earth.
The Taipei 101building is strongly built, therefore, we can
say it has high durability. When do we say that objects are
durable?

2
 Durability is the ability of materials to exist for long without
significant deterioration by resisting the effects of heavy use,
drying, wetting, heating, freezing, thawing, corrosion, oxidation,
volatilization, etc. The durability of the product is measured by
how well it performs, stands to usage or maintains its quality over
time.
Objects that are made from paper have
low durability. If they get exposed to liquids,
they can easily disintegrate or fall apart.
Plastic has low durability as well, if it gets
exposed to high temperatures it dissolves and
sometimes, hard plastics exposed on high
temperatures become brittle.
Wood, metal, and stone have high
durability since it takes quite a while for them to
get broken or damaged.

Activity Card
What’s New
Activity 1:
Match column A with column B. Write the letter of the correct
answer in your activity notebook.
A B
_______1. Durability a. wood, stone, and steel
_______2. Durable objects b. paper, plastic, and glass
_______3. Low durability c. materials which can last
_______4. Quality long without significant
_______5. High Durability deterioration
d. objects that last long
e. retained durability

3
 Activity 2:
Which has more durability? Put a check on the box of
the more durable object.
1 Paper bag or Leather bag
2 Wooden house or Stone house
3 Plastic case or Metal case
4 Steel spoon or Plastic spoon
5 Ceramic plate or Paper plate

Enrichment Card

Now that you have learned what durability is, try

answering the following activity.

Write the word TRUE inside the arrow if the statement is

correct, write the word FALSE if it I not.

1. Durability is the ability of material to be

hammered into thin sheets without breaking.

2. Durable objects can last for long periods of

time without losing their quality.

3. Paper is an example of a low durability

material.

4
 4. Some materials are weaker than the others
and get broken for a short period of time.

5. Steel has high durability.

Reflection Card
What I have learned
After going through this module, I have learned that
___________ is the ability of materials to exist for long without
significant deterioration.
The durability of the product is measured by how well it
__________, stands to __________ or maintains its __________over
time.

(Application)- What I can do

With the guidance of your parents or guardian, do the simple
experiment below
Materials: paper boat, plastic toy boat, basin with water
What to do:
Put the paper boat and the plastic toy boat on the basin of
water at the same time. Leave them there for an hour. After an
hour, observe what happened and answer the following
questions below.
1. What happened to the paper boat?
2. What happened to the plastic?
3. Which is more durable?
4. Does liquid affect the durability of some objects?
5. Draw your experiment set up inside the box.

5
What I need to know
Is there anything else that you would like to know more
about the durability of matter? Write your questions inside the
thought bubble below.

Assessment Card

Read the following carefully. Write the letter of the correct

answer in your evaluation notebook.

1. What do you call the ability of materials to exist for long

without significant deterioration?
a. brittleness
b. ductility
c. malleability
d. durability

2. Which of the following materials has the highest durability?

a. Styrofoam
b. plastic
c. aluminum
d. paper

6
3. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about durable
materials?
a. Durable materials can last for a long period of time.
b. Durable materials can break when they fall from a high
place.
c. Durable materials retain their quality longer than brittle
materials.
d. Durable materials can deterioration or damage.

4. Which of the following materials has low durability?

a. wood
b. paper
c. steel
d. aluminum

5. Which among the following statements best describes a

durable object?
a. maintains quality over time
b. breaks when pressured
c. fractures easily
d. dissolves in liquids

7
 Reference Card
➢ Science Quest 3, Singapore Asia Publishers
➢ Breaking Through Science 3
➢http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/durability.html
➢https://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/infrastructure/g2237/worlds-10-toughest-
buildings/?slide=10
➢ Photos:

https://www.pinclipart.com/pindetail/iRJii_origami-paper-sailboat-ship-drawing-of-paper-boat/
https://clipartlook.com/img-83044.html
http://clipart-library.com/free-purse-cliparts.html
https://clipartstation.com/plastic-bag-clipart/
https://www.pngitem.com/middle/mJhioJ_carton-box-clip-arts-box-black-and-white/
https://www.theartofdoingstuff.com/the-brand-of-toilet-paper-you-should-never-use/comment-
page-2/

Answer Card
WHAT I KNOW:

5. A 5. Ceramic plate
4. E 4. Steel spoon
3. B 3. Metal case
2. D 2. Stone house
1. C 1. Leather bag
ACTIVITY CARD: ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY CARD: ACTIVITY 2

Reflection:
What I Have Learned
- durability
5. True

- performs
4. True
3. True
2. True - usage
1. False - quality
Enrichment 1

5. A
*Answers may vary 4. B
4. Yes 3. B
3. Plastic toy boat 2. C
2. Nothing, did not change 1. D
1. It sank/got damaged
What I can Do: ASSESSMENT

8
 Title Card
Lesson 9: Uses and Importance of Durable Materials

Guide Card
What I need to know
Welcome back young scientist! In the
previous module, you have learned about the
special physical property of matter, durability.
In this module, you will be exploring more
about durable materials and their importance to
our daily lives.
Let’s go ahead and learn more about
durability in the following pages!

Learning Objectives:

 Infer that materials have a special property: durability.

➢ Identify uses and importance of durable objects.

9
Pre-Test: What I Know
Color the circle yellow if the statement is correct, color it
purple if it is not
REMINDER: Always write your answers on your Evaluation notebook.
Do not answer directly on the modules as they will be used by other third
graders too. Thank you!

1. Durable objects performs well.

2. Durability is the ability of materials to exist for long
without significant deterioration
3. Paper is an example of a durable object

4. Durable materials maintain its quality over time.

5. Steel has low durability.

Great job! Did you get all the answers correctly? If yes, you
may skip this module. If not, go ahead, explore the pages, to
learn more.

Review: What’s In

Do you remember the story “The Three

Little Pigs”? Which little pig had the most
durable house? Why did you say so?
The story “The Three Little Pigs” is a simple
representation that materials differ in durability. Some materials
like straw has low durability, while some materials like bricks have
high durability.
Durability of materials can be affected by external forces.
Some materials become less durable when they are exposed to
extreme weather conditions. For example, the roofs of our
houses. They are usually made from galvanized steel. They could
10
last for years however, their durability is lowered when they are
exposed to extreme summer and rainy weather.

Same goes with the gadgets we use. Some has the potential
of working for years, however, their durability lowers if you overuse
them every day.
In our everyday lives, it is practical to choose the more
durable material. Doing so saves us time, effort, and money rather
than always replacing the product.

Activity Card
What’s New
Activity 1:
Classify the following objects if they have low durability or
high durability.

- Styrofoam cup - Paper plate - Wooden ladle

- Plastic spoon - Stone mortar and pestle - Steel knife

11
 LOW DURABILITY HIGH DURABILITY

Activity 2:
Nelly needs a new bag to put her art materials in. Look at the
choices she has. Help Nelly decide which bag is more practical to
buy by answering the questions below.

LEATHER BAG
PAPER BAG
- Made from
- Made from
leather
paper
- Can hold 10 art
- Can hold 10 art
materials inside
materials inside
- Plain color
- Colorful and
- PhpP50
pretty
- Php25

1. Which bag is cheaper? ___________________________

2. Will it last long? _________________________
3. Why? ________________________
4. Which bag should Nelly choose? _______________________
5. Why? _________________________

12
 Enrichment Card

Now that you have learned more about

ductility, try answering the following activity.
Fill in the boxes with the missing letters to reveal
the words that will complete the sentences.

1. Durability of materials can be

f c
affected by external ________.
2. In our everyday lives, it is
practical to choose more _______ d b
materials.
3. 3. Doing so saves us time, effort,
m
and _______ rather than always y
replacing the product.
4. The _______ of a product is d b
measured by how well it performs. y
5. Durable materials maintain their
q y
______ over time.

Reflection Card

What I have learned?

After going through this module, I have learned that the
durability of materials can be affected by __________. Some
materials become less durable when they are exposed to
_________ weather conditions.

13
 Choosing durable objects saves us _________, _________, and
_________rather than always replacing the product.

(Application)- What I can do

With the guidance of your parents or guardian, look for a
durable object inside your house. Draw it and write something
about it inside the box.

What I need to know?

Is there anything else that you would like to know more
about the durability of matter? Write your questions inside the
thought bubble below.

14
 Assessment Card

Read the following carefully. Write the letter of the correct

answer in your evaluation notebook.

1. Which among the following is a malleable material?

a. aluminum c. paper
b. glass d. wood

2. Which of the following materials is highly malleable but low in

ductility?
a. gold c. silver
b. lead d. tin

3. Which of the following materials is made from steel?

a. Wooden cabinet c. Stainless fork
b. Glass cup d. Plastic bowl

4. Cristina wants to eat a piece of watermelon, she should

_______.
a. Get a knife and cut it by herself
b. Get a pair of scissors and cut it by herself
c. Ask her mother for assistance
d. Ask her younger brother for assistance

5. Dan has an art project that requires cutting different shapes of

colored paper. He should _________.
a. Cut them carefully under adult supervision.
b. Run around while cutting them.
c. Have his younger sister cut them for him.
d. Not make his art project anymore.

15
 Reference Card

➢ Science Quest 3, Singapore Asia Publishers

➢ Breaking Through Science 3
➢ https://www.reference.com/science/examples-malleable-materials-cca42422e36c64cc
➢ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJkPwVOasyc
➢https://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_one_use_for_a_malleable_metal
➢https://www.slideshare.net/aimorales/labsafetyrulesppt
➢ Photos:

https://pngio.com/PNG/a8598-three-little-pigs-png-black-and-white.html
https://www.stockunlimited.com/vector-illustration/house-during-rainy-day_1372536.html
https://www.stockunlimited.com/vector-illustration/house-during-rainy-day_1372536.html
https://clipartart.com/categories/black-and-white-school-house-clipart.html
http://clipart-library.com/paper-plate-cliparts.html
https://www.netclipart.com/isee/Jhxwoo_styrofoam-cup-png-flowerpot/
https://www.shutterstock.com/search/white+plastic+spoon
https://favpng.com/png_view/spoon-ladle-drawing-soup-spoon-clip-art-png/kkyZ0qpk
https://www.clipartkey.com/view/Tbmihm_transparent-mortar-and-pestle-clipart-mortar-and-pestle/
https://www.pngguru.com/free-transparent-background-png-clipart-vhmcu

Answer Card
5. A
quality 5.
4. C
durability 4.
3. C money 3.
2. B durable 2.
1. A forces 1.
ASSESSMENT ENRICHMENT
It will last long 5.
Leather bag 4.
durability
Because paper has low 3.
No 2.
*Answers may vary Paper bag 1.
What I can Do: Activity 2
- Stainless steel knife
- Stone mortar and pestle
- Wooden ladle
- money
High Durability
- effort - Plastic spoon
- time - Paper plate
- extreme - Styrofoam cup
- external forces Low Durability
What I have learned: Activity 1
REFLECTION CARD ACTIVITY CARD
5. Purple 3. Purple 4. Yellow 1. Yellow 2. Yellow
WHAT I KNOW:

16
 Title Card
Lesson 10: Viscosity and Conductivity as Special
Properties of Matter

Guide Card
What I need to know
Hello kids! It’s me again your
Super Science Hero, I heard some is
calling in the Science City and I
wonder that your questions are really
interesting, truly that matter on earth
exhibits different special properties.
Are you ready to discover all
these special properties? If that is so,
join me in discovering all interesting
properties!

Learning Objectives:
 Infer that materials have a special property: Viscosity /
flowing conductivity
➢ define what viscosity and flowing conductivity is; and
➢ Describe materials having these special properties

17
Pre-Test: What I Know
I. Direction: Identify if the material is viscous or not viscous by
completing the table below. Draw a happy face if
the material is viscous and a Sad face if the material is
not viscous. Do this on your notebook. Do not write
anything in the module.
Material Viscous Not viscous

water

juice

rock

blood

Olive Oil

II. Unscramble the letters below to form the desired words or

phrase.

C I Y T T E E I R L C

1. _________________________________________

18
 R T E W A

2. ____________________________________

Y T I V I T C U D N O C

3. ____________________________________

Great job! You have given your very best to answer the
activity at stake for you. More of these exciting activities will follow
but before that let us take a brief recall on what you have learn
about the Properties of matter from your previous lesson.

Kindly scan your notes and write down important notes and
try to correct if there is a necessary correction.
Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space.
Everything you can see and touch is made up of matter. Matter
exists in three main forms: solids, liquids, and gases. It also has
properties that we can describe through density, solubility,
conductivity, magnetism, etc.
To better understand the properties of matter…
When scientists use the word “matter” they are talking about
solids, liquids, and gases.

Matter can be found on Earth in three states: solids, liquids,

and gases. Solids are materials that have a definite shape and
volume that stays the same. Rocks are a good example of a
solid – they have a rigid shape that are not easily changed.
Liquids are a type of matter that changes shape depending on
the shape of its container. For example, when you pour milk into
a cup, it takes up the cup’s inner shape.
Matter that spreads out to take up all the space available in the
container is called a gas. Air is a gas. So is helium, which is put
inside birthday party balloons.
There are still special properties that a certain material can
be observed.

19
Review: What’s In
Viscosity is defined as the resistance to flow!
Viscosity of often referred to as the thickness of a fluid. You
can think of water (low viscosity) and honey (high viscosity).
However, this definition can be confusing when we are looking
at fluids with different densities.
At a molecular level, viscosity is a result the interaction
between the different molecules in a fluid. This can be also
understood as friction between the molecules in the fluid. Just
like in the case of friction between moving solids, viscosity will
determine the energy required to make a fluid flow.
Viscosity is the measure of how thick and how resistant a
fluid is when flowing and changing form. It is similar to friction.
Fluids that have a high viscosity flow less easily (thicker) than
fluids that have a low viscosity (thinner). An object moving
through a high viscosity fluid will move slower than an object
moving through a low viscosity fluid. This is due to the friction
being stronger and slowing the object down. Examples of fluids
with a high viscosity are honey, ketchup, and syrups. Examples of
fluids with a low viscosity are water, milk, and juice. Some fluids
may seem like solids, such as butter or margarine, but are
actually just extremely viscous fluids.
Viscosity in the Real World
Viscosity in the states of matter
Anything that can flow can have a viscosity. That includes liquids
and gases, as well. Gases are also fluids; they can flow and can
be thick or thin. What about solids? Many scientists say that solids
cannot have a definite viscosity or thickness, because they do
not flow or change form like liquids and gases do. Others say
that solids are not all similar and can have a viscosity, for
example glass is said to be an amorphous solid, meaning it is
simply a liquid with an exceedingly high viscosity.
Viscosity plays a big role in everyday life. An example is in
the food industry. When chocolate is being made, the viscosity
needs to be precise in order for everything to run smoothly and
20
the chocolate to turn out perfectly. In the automobile industry,
substances such as brake fluid and engine oil must be at a
certain thickness for it to function properly. In cosmetics,
products like lotion and creams need to be at an exact degree
of thickness or else it would be too runny or too clumpy. Even at
home, we apply viscosity to what we are doing. For example, we
add more jello powder when we want thicker jello. This is an
example of the effect of concentration on fluids and viscosity.

What is Conductivity?

Salts dissolve in water to produce a negative ion and a

positive ion. These ions make up the basis of conductivity in
water.
Conductivity is a measure of water’s capability to pass
electrical flow. This ability is directly related to the concentration
of ions in the water. These conductive ions come from dissolved
salts and inorganic materials such as alkalis, chlorides, sulphides
and carbonate compounds. Compounds that dissolve into ions
are also known as electrolytes. The more ions that are present,

21
the higher the conductivity of water. Likewise, the fewer ions that
are in the water, the less conductive it is. Distilled or deionized
water can act as an insulator due to its very low (if not
negligible) conductivity value. Sea water, on the other hand, has
a very high conductivity.

Ions conduct electricity due to their positive and negative

charges. When electrolytes dissolve in water, they split into
positively charged (cation) and negatively charged (anion)
particles. As the dissolved substances split in water, the
concentrations of each positive and negative charge remain
equal. This means that even though the conductivity of water
increases with added ions, it remains electrically neutral.

Activity Card
What’s new?
Activity 1
Go with the Flow!
What you need?
Materials: any liquid except for chemicals found at home.
Procedure:
1. Choose any liquid found at home and then pour a portion of it
in a glass or any container.
Materials Highly Viscous Less Viscous Observation
water Less viscous It follows the shape
of the container, it
easily flows
Molasses
Corn syrup
Juice drink
Rugby
Soy sauce
Vinegar

22
2. Observe the behavior of the liquid and write your observation
on your notebook.
3. Use the template below as your guide. You can expand the
table for more materials to be tested.

Activity 2:
With the guidance of your parents, prepare to set up of
glass filled with pure water and the other one is salt water.
Do not taste the sample.
Using a flashlight expose the two samples in a dark place where
you can be able to see visible particles in either of the two
samples.

Carefully observe the two set-ups.

What does the particles in salt water represent?

Set up A Set up B

Observation:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Enrichment Card
Direction: Choose the write term to make the statement correct.
Write your answer on your notebook.
1. Anything that has the capacity to (flow, overflow) is said to be
viscous.

23
 2. (Thicker, Thinner) liquid are highly viscous.
3. (Thicker, Thinner) liquid are less viscous.
4. ( Viscosity, Conductivity) is a measure of water’s capability
to pass electrical flow
5. (Salt water, Mineral water) has higher conductivity.

Reflection Card
What I have Learn
After going through this module, I have learned that
___________ is the ability of materials to flow.
_________________ is a measure of water’s capability to pass
electrical flow. This ability is directly related to the concentration
of ions in the _____________. These conductive ions come from
dissolved salts and inorganic materials such as alkalis, chlorides,
sulphides and carbonate compounds. Compounds that dissolve
into ions are also known as _________________.

What I can do
I can help you do household chores.
1. Ask your parents to wash your dishes after taking your breakfast.
2. Observe you parent washing your plates and other utensils.
3. Turn on and off the faucet. Carefully observe
4. Where does the water from the faucet go?
5. What happen when you turn on the faucet?

What I need to know

Is there anything else that you would like to know more about
the viscosity and conductivity?

24
 Assessment Card
Read the following carefully and answer them
comprehensively write your answer on your notebook.

1. This refer to the ability of a material to flow in different

conditions
A. Conductivity C. Electricity
B. Connectivity D. Viscosity

2. The following materials are capable of flowing except;

A. Chocolate drink C. Juice drink
B. Cube ice D. Water

3. Viscosity is important in everyday life, the following are

examples of its application EXCEPT;
A. in auto mobile industries C. in horseback riding
B. in food products D. in making chocolate

4. Which of the following materials has lesser viscosity?

A. motor oil C. toothpaste
B. syrup D. water

5. A liquid can conduct electricity if electrolytes are present in it,

what is needed to have these electrolytes?
A. positive and negative charges
B. positive and positive charges
C. neutral charges
D. negative and negative charges

25
 26
WHAT I KNOW: II.
I. 1. Electricity
2. water
3. conductivity
ACTIVITY CARD Enrichment
Activity 1 1. Flow
2. Thicker
3. Thinner
4. Viscosity
5. Salt water
Activity 2 Assessment
1. We have two set one is pure water and 1. B
one is salt water 2. B
Observation: If you will look at the set up both 3. C
are mostly alike, but when exposed to light 4. D
there are visible particles on set-up B which is 5. A
the salt water.
The observable particle represents the ions in
water which make it possible to conduct
electricity.
Answer Card
Google photos
➢ Photos:
10-toughest-buildings/?slide=10
➢https://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/infrastructure/g2237/worlds-
➢http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/durability.html
➢ Breaking through Science 3
Reference Card
 Title Card
Lesson 11: Elasticity as a Special Property of Matter

Guide Card

What I need to know

Good morning! Yesterday was a great
day, right kids? Super science Hero taught
you a lot of important things about the
special properties of matter; he said to me
that you are very good and very patient in
learning all the special properties.
By the way I’m elastic man a good friend of
super science hero, today I will be your
guide in learning another set of properties,
this will be an exciting one, get ready pack
your things needed in this journey then we will go!

Learning Objectives:
 Infer that materials have a special property: elasticity.
➢ define what is elasticity; and
➢ perform simple activity about elasticity

27
Pre-Test: What I Know
Sort me out!
Direction: Choose among the following materials which are
elastic or can be stretch or demonstrate stretching.
Write your answers on your notebook.

ball rubber band bow and arrow candle

coil spring sling shot chalk pencil

Your knowledge about the lesson is good! To make it even

better lets proceed to our discussion.
Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space.
Everything you can see and touch is made up of matter. Matter
exists in three main forms: solids, liquids, and gases. It also has
properties that we can describe density, solubility, conductivity,
magnetism, etc.
Matter can be found on Earth in three main forms: solids,
liquids, and gases. Solids are materials that have a defined
shape and volume that stays the same. Rocks are a good
example of a solid – they have a rigid shape that isn’t easily
changed.
Liquids are a type of matter that changes shape depending
on the shape of its container. For example, when you pour milk
into a cup, it takes up the cup’s inner shape.

28
 Matter that spreads out to take up all the space available in
the container is called a gas. Air is a gas. So is helium, which is
put inside birthday party balloons.
There are still special properties in a certain material that can
be observed.
One is viscosity the ability of a material to flow while
conductivity is the ability of a material to allow the passage of
heat or electricity.

What’s in?
Elasticity is the ability of a deformed material body to return
to its original shape and size when the forces causing the
deformation are removed. A body with this ability is said to
behave (or respond) elastically or is the ability of a body to resist
a distorting influence and to return to its original size and shape
when that influence or force is removed. Solid objects
will deform when adequate forces are applied to them. If the
material is elastic, the object will return to its initial shape and size
when these forces are removed.
REAL-LIFE APPLICATIONS
Elastic and Plastic Deformation
The elastic limit is the maximum stress to which a given solid
can be subjected without experiencing permanent deformation,
referred to as plastic deformation. Plastic deformation describes
a permanent change in shape or size as a result of stress; by
contrast, elastic deformation is only a temporary change in
dimension.
A classic example of elastic deformation, and indeed, of
highly elastic behaviour, is a rubber band: it can be deformed to
a length many times its original size, but upon release, it returns to
its original shape. Examples of plastic deformation, on the other
hand, include the bending of a steel rod under tension or the
breaking of a glass under compression. Note that in the case of
the steel rod, the object is deformed without rupturing—that is,
without breaking or reducing to pieces. The breaking of the
glass, however, is obviously an instance of rupturing.

29
 Metals and Elasticity
Metals, in fact, exhibit a number of interesting characteristics
with regard to elasticity. With the notable exception of cast iron,
metals tend to possess a high degree of ductility, or the ability to
be deformed beyond their elastic limits without experiencing
rupture. Up to a certain point, the ratio of tension to elongation
for metals is high: in other words, a high amount of tension
produces only a small amount of elongation. Beyond the elastic
limit, however, the ratio is much lower: that is, a relatively small
amount of tension produces a high degree of elongation.
Because of their ductility, metals are highly malleable, and,
therefore, capable of experiencing mechanical deformation
through metallurgical processes, such as forging, rolling, and
extrusion. Cold extrusion involves the application of high
pressure—that is, a high bulk modulus—to a metal without
heating it, and is used on materials such as tin, zinc, and copper
to change their shape. Hot extrusion, on the other hand, involves
heating a metal to a point of extremely high malleability, and
then reshaping it. Metals may also be melted for the purposes of
casting, or pouring the molten material into the molder.
Many objects are designed specifically to store elastic potential
energy, for example:
• The coil spring of a wind-up clock.
• An archer's stretched bow.
• A bent diving board, just before a divers jump.
• The twisted rubber band which powers a toy airplane.
• A bouncy ball, compressed at the moment it bounces off a brick
wall.

30
 Activity Card
What’s new?
Activity 1:
Bend or Break
What you need?
Materials:
chocolate candy
gummy bear candy paper clip
chocolate pretzel rubber band
potchi candy tissue paper

Procedure:
1. Choose 3 or any of the following materials.
2. Describe each material
3. Open each sample
4. Gently stretch each sample one by one
5. Write your observations on your notebook
6. Complete the table based on your observations.

Sample Bend Break

Chocolate candy
gummy bear candy
chocolate pretzel
potchi candy
Paper clip
Rubber band
Tissue paper
Activity 2:
Pull me if you can!
Materials:
2 balloons, ball, rubber band

Procedure:
1. Prepare all the materials in your working table
2. Get the balloon and press the balloon. Observe what will
happen.
31
3. Get another balloon and hardly press the balloon. Observe
what will happen?
4. Now get the ball and at a height free fall the ball on the floor.
Observe what will happen?

5. Lastly get the rubber band and ask your mother to hold
another end, pull the rubber for a while and gently release the
other end. Observe what will happen?

Observations:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Enrichment Card

Fill in the Circle with terms or word associated with Elasticity. Get
the terms from the box.

DEFORM STRETCH ELASTIC ENERGY DEFORMATION BEND

ELECTRICITY MATTER FORCE TENSION VISCOSITY

32
 Reflection Card

What I have learned

After going through this module, I have learned that
___________ is the ability of material to resist a distorting influence
and to return to its original size and shape when that influence or
force is removed.
There are different materials in the environment that can
resist stretching such as rubber band, _____________________,
________________, ________________, _____________________,
__________________, ____________________.

What I can do
I can demonstrate stretching simply by taking stretching
exercises.
Ask your family members to demonstrate stretching by
playing an outdoor or indoor game. Choose a game that will
best show stretching or bending.

What I need to know

Is there anything else that you would like to know more
about the elasticity of materials?

33
 Assessment Card

Read the following carefully and answer them

comprehensively write your answer on your notebook.

1. Is the ability of a deformed material body to return to its

original shape and size when the forces causing the
deformation are removed?
a. Conductivity c. Elasticity
b. Ductility d. Viscosity

2. The following are examples of elastic materials EXCEPT;

a. Balloon c. Rubber
b. Glass d. Spring coil

3. Which is more likely to be stretched?

a. Cookie c. Rubber band
b. Paper d. Wood

4. Which of the following statement is TRUE?

a. A rubber band can be stretch at its limit and goes back
to its original form once force is released.
b. Rubber is not an elastic material
c. Plastic is not an elastic material because it cannot be
elongated.
d. A coil spring can be deformed easily by simply pulling it
by hand.

5. Which of the following terms does NOT describe an elastic

material?
a. Bending c. Springy
b. Brittle d. Stretching

34
 Reference Card

➢ Breaking through Science 3

➢ Science buddies.com
➢ Linked in
➢http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/durability.html
➢https://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/infrastructur
e/g2237/worlds-10-toughest-buildings/?slide=10
➢ Photos:
Google photos

Answer Card

B 5.
A 4.
C 3.
B 2.
C 1.
ASSESSMENT

Activity 1
Enrichment ACTIVITY CARD

5. Bow and arrow

4. Sling shot
3. Coil spring
2. Rubber band
1. Ball
Sort me out
WHAT I KNOW:

35
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Division of Pampanga

Office Address: High School Boulevard, Brgy. Lourdes,

San Fernando City, Pampanga

Landline: (045) 435-27-28

Email Address: pampanga@deped.gov.ph