Dental materials

i \ A beve l !s CONTRAfNDICATED on the

cavosur. au· margins of a Class I amalgam
cavity pn' parC!tion because
c 6\ A measure of the stiffness of a dental gold
alloy is expressed as !ts

A. this type of margi n would tend to leak. A. proportio nal limit.

B. as the tooth undergoes natural attrition B. modulus of elasticity.
the bevel wou ld be worn away. C. ultimate tensile strength.
C. a thin flange of the amalgam restorative D. flow.
material is prone to fi-acture.
D. the restoration is more difficult to polish.
7\ A metal in the wrought condition differs from ./
the same metal in the cast condition in that
2\ A decrease in the particle size of the amalgam CJ
alloy will affect the amalgam by A. the grains are deformed and elongated.
B. the yield strength and hardness are
A. increasing flow. increased.
B. decreas ing expansion. C. if heated sufficiently, recrystallization can
C. retarding setting rate. occur.
D. increasing early strength. D. All of the above.

3\ A fracture in an a ll c~~ crown may be 8\ A model prepared from a vacuum mixed stone
caused by L. .b -+ e.-s '<: -s .-1-,-~~ - has higher strength because

1. inadequate ceram ic thickness. A. less water is required for vacuum

2. sharp line angles in the tooth preparation. mixing.
3. excessive occlusal load. B. there is less porosity.
4. use of an inappropriate luting material. C. some of the water is removed by the
vacuum.
A. (1)(2)(3) D. the nuclei for crystallization are more
B. (1) and (3) numerous.
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. A ll of the above. 9\ A recommended method for d isinfecting
alginate impressions is to immerse the
impression for 10 minutes in
4\ A hardened gold alloy will exhibit -c> ~ cl .. c 1 ·t ~i·
C>
-it -\--...-s\'-'-" '"' ''
-....; r-J "' A. a complex phenolic.
A. less plastic deformat on per un it of ~ CuY»Ir\' J ., B. 2% glutaraldehyde.
stress thailf e same allo'y in a C. 10% ethyl a lcohol. .
softened condition. D. a 1: 10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite.
B. greater plastic deformatio n per unit
of stress than the same al loy in a
softened condition. 10\ A zinc oxide and eugenol cement placed
C. no difference in the plastic beneath a metallic restoration serves as a
deformation per unit of stress of the
alloy in hard or soft condition. I . thermal insulator.
2. electrical insulator.
3. cavosurface margin seal.
5\ A lower molar requiring il crown has an 4. med ic inal benefit to the pulp.
amalgam restoration extending 1.0 mm subgingival ly. c
The crown margin should be placed A. (1)(3)(4)
B. (2) (3) (4)
A. on the existing amalgam. C. (1)(2)(4)
B. at the amalgam/tooth junction. D. (I) (2) (3)
C. I mm apical to the amalgam margin.
D. 2mm apical to the amalgam margin.

Pagel

I
 Dental materials

)
I I\ A zinc phosphate cement base
I . spherical alloys shrink slightly when setting.
2. lathe cut a lloys expand slightly when setting.
3. admix a lloys are dimensionally stable when
setting.
A. has the same radiopacity as amalgam. 4. high copper content a lloys have improved
B. is less radiopaque than amalgam. resistance to tarnish and corrosion.
C. has the same radiopacity as gold.
D. cannot be seen on a radiograph. A. ( 1)(2)(3)
B. (I) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
12\ After initial setting, a chem ically cured g lass
iono mer cement restoration should have a
8 D. (4) only
E. A ll of the above.
coating agent applied to

A. hasten the final set. 17\ Amalgam is condensed in order to

B. p rotect the cement from moisture.
C. retard the final set. I. adapt the amalgam to the cavity walls, floor
D. protect the cement from ultraviolet and margins.
light. 2. develop a un iform compact mass with
E. create a smooth finish. minimum vo ids.
3. reduce excess mercury content.

13\ After setting, alginate impressions

..
I
'\ 4. overbui ld the restoration to allow 'carve back'
to eliminate the mercury-rich outer layer.

A. imbibe water. A. ( 1)(2)(3)

B. remain d imensionally stable fo r 12 B.( I)and(3)
ho urs. C. (2) and (4)
C. have higher tear strength than D. (4) only
polyvinylsiloxane impressions. E. A ll of the above.
D. can be poured twice with little effect
on accuracy of the resulting cast.
18\ Amalgam is condensed to

14\ Aging pulps show a relative increase in I. further break down the alloy particles.
2. force the alloy particles together.
I . fibrous elements. 3. complete the trituration process.
2. cell numbers. 4. express excess mercury content.
3. calcification.
4. vascularity. A. (1)(2)(3)
B. (I) and (3)
A. ( 1)(2)(3) C. (2) and (4)
B.(l)and(3) D. (4) only
C. (2) a nd (4) E. A II of the above ..
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.
19\ An advantage of g lass ionomer cement is

15\ A lginate hydrocolloids "I A. low solubility.

B. wear res istance.
A. shrink when stored in air, C. adhesion to hard tooth tissues.
B. show syneresis. D. low incidence of sensitivity.
C. expand when stored in water.
D. All of the above. .
20\ An open proximal contact on an amalgam
restoration can be prevented by
p
\' \ 16\ Amalgam
,--...,. / D A . appropriate wedge selection.

Page 2

I
 Dental materials
B. tightening the matrix band. polycarboxylate cement has
C. light condensing forces.
D. simultaneous placement of adj_?cent A. longer working time.
prox im~ons. - - B. lower film thickness.
~___...2-I-\13efore adhesion occurs between a liquid and a C. increased compressive strength.
( solid, it is essentia l that the solid surface D. superior biologic compatibi lity:-

A. provides some mechanical

interlocking with the liquid. 26\ Contamination with saliva during placement
B. exhibits a large contact angle with of a zinc-containing amalgam restoration
the liquid. results in:
C. enters into some form of chem ical
reaction with the liquid. A. No change in compressive strength.
D. be wetted by the liquid. B. Increased surface pitting.
C. Reduced flow.
D. Increased setting expansion.
22\ Cements used as cavity liners

A. provide a barrier to the passage of 27\ Conventional glass ionomer cements

irritants from restorative materials.
B. reduce sensitivity of fres hly cut A. elicit less pu lp response than zinc-
dentin. oxide and eugenol cements.
C. provide thermal insulation to the B. do not require a protective liner, such
pulp. as calcium hydroxide in a deep
D. All of the above. . preparation.
C. have a lower modulus of elastic ity
than zinc phosphate cements.
23\ Cleft lip and palate usually result from D. bond mechanically to calcium in
enamel and dentin.
A. failure of proper un ion of the median E. are superior to zinc phosphate
and lateral nasal processes. cement for luting porcelain (all
B. failure of the union of the median ceramic) crowns.
nasal process with the lateral nasal
and maxillary processes.
C. anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. 28\ Dental amalgam
D. fai lure of development of both the
lateral nasal and maxillary processes. A. is almost insoluble in the oral fluids.
E. None of the above. B. has a satisfactory compressive
strength.
C. adapts well to the walls of the
24\ Compared to unfi lled resins, composite prepared cavity.
res ins have D. All of the above. .

I.
2.
3.
4.
reduced thermal dimensional changes.
increased strength.
reduced polymerizatiqn shrinkage.
better polishability.
29\ Dental amalgam restorations

A. show decreased flow when the tin

c
mercury phase is increased.
B. contain nickel to increase the y ie ld
A. (1)(2)(3) strength.
B. (I) and (3) C. show decreased corrosion and
C. (2) and (4) marginal breakdown when the
D. (4) only copper tin phase is increased.
E. All of the above. D. contain zinc to reduce galvanic
corrosion.

25\ Compared w ith zinc-phosphate cement,

,.-
\-\-':J..c::>
----------~~------------
--D Zt.Jo--+ 1-iy
Page3
 Dental materials

30\ Dental amalgams that are made from alloys I. separate the teeth.
containing 6 percent copper, compared to
those made from alloys containing 13 percent
[ 2.
3.
adapt the matrix to the gingival margi n.
aid in the creation of a contact.
copper 4. absorb moisture.

I . have higher concentration of the tin-mercury A. ( 1)(2)(3)

phase. B. (I) and (3)
2. are mo re resistant to tarn ish and corrosion. C. (2) and (4)
3. demonstrate less creep or flow. D. (4) only
4. generally have lower compressive strength. E. A ll of the above.
5. de monstrate less marginal breakdown in
clinical service.

A. ( 1)(3)(4)
35\ During the setting phase, a dental stone
m ixture will exhibit ~0 f>rt\ """"'-1-~·(...k c~.-~ n
(f'
B. (2) (3) (5) cl..... ,..._~ (c....., 'j eotl•t-\-
C. (1) and (2) A. expansion.
'-'.~ ifS~~ !;)Z""J.... ct
D. (4) and (5) B. contraction.
E. (I) and (4) C. loss in compressive strength. L"' •....:..oA..., _.,,', \\ -e~·J
D. gain in moisture content. <;:\,.('\" ;:rr·._.j
'- '-'
3 1\ Dental porce lain has 1 ( "':..,... . ~ CD
\ 36\ Effective tissue displacement with e lastic
I. low compressive strength.
2. high hardness.
'10
--
,..~~ ....
impression materials can be accomplished by

3. high tensile strength. I. a firm tray material.

4. low impact strength. 2. inj ection of the material into the g ingival
sulcus.
A. (1 ) (2) (3) 3. placement of chem ical-impregnated cords
B. (I) a nd (3) into the gingival sulcus. ~ - .r ~'
t C.. yn<SS'
. he"" c de.,.. c..._...,wo .J
C. (2) and (4) 4. electrosurgtcal means.
8
, .f.- \ f
D. (4) only ~(ak<"".'"""'- s;,_'r'l<»r ~
E. All of the above. A. ( I) and (2) ~- s > \C' •'..t
B. ( I ) and (3) CV- l=e·c1"k s~1 P
C . ( I) and (4) @ ,1 ~ 'ltllc:..-'.Je.
32\ Dental stone casts reach their max imum D. (2) and (3)
strength after \ 'h""-'~. E . (3) and ( 4)

A. I hour.
B. 5 hours. 37\ For amalgam restorations, a 90 cavosurface
C. 10 hours. angle acco mmodates the
D. 24 hours.
I. condens ing of amalgam.
2. compress ive strength of amalgam.
33\ Distortion of a wax pattern is mainly due to 3. tensile strength of amalgam.
4. compressive strength of enamel.
A. insufficient plastic ity during
man ipulation. A. (1)(2) (3)
B. insufficient bulk of material. B. (I) and (3)
C. re laxation of stresses intrpduced C. (2) and (4)
during manipulation. D. (4) only
D. insufficient paraffin ingredient. E. All of the above.
E. refrigeration. .

38\ For a porcelai n fused to metal restoration,

34\ During matrix placement for a Class II cavity the metal surface
preparation, a wedge is placed to

------------------------------------ Page4
 Dental materials
A. requires some degree of mechanical
retention. 44\ Gold alloy can be given a white colour by
B. shou ld not be heat treated. introducing sufficient
C. requires a well polished surface.
D. must develop an o5ide for chemical A. zinc.
bonding. B. copper.
·~: ,.l-," o.*.:~'e
·.....,..,- · cS\..,.,""' J.;;
C. cadmium.
D. palladium.
39\ For appl ication of porcelain to a ceramo-metal
alloy, the correct viscosity is achieved by 45\ Gold casting alloys are classified as Type I-IV
mix ing the porcelain powder with according to wh ich of the following physical
properties?
A. a porcelain modifier.
B. pure methyl alcohol. A. Percentage of gold present in the _.-3 ~6 ~:~ ·
C. a mild detergent. alloy.
D. distilled water. B. Surface hardness.
C. Melting point.
D. Elastic strength.
r
40\ For prevention of cross infection, which of the E. Ductility. .
fo llowing impression materials CAN be L
treated with a disinfecting spray solution?

A. Irreversible hydrocolloid (alginate).

46\ Gold contributes which of the following
properties to a gold-copper alloy?
(t;;
B. Polyether.
C. Polysulfide. A. Corrosion resistance.
D. Polysiloxane. B. Increased strength.
E. A ll of the above. C. Lowered specific gravity.
D. Increased hardness. .

41 \ Generally, glass ionomer cements contain

47\ Hardening ofType IV cast gold dental alloys
A. zinc oxide and distilled water. by heat treatment increases
B. zinc oxide and polyacrylic acid. {.pr,fu.;' Q.-t:.,"'"-•' ( I' 1
C. tluoro al uminosil ica powder and A. ductility. - - - - -
orthophosphoric acid. B. yield strength.~ ·,
D. fluoro aluminosilica powder and C. coring.
polyacrylic acid. D. elastic modulus. --
E. malleabi Iity. ------=o:::.

42\ Glass ionomer cement is superior to zinc

phosphate cement because it has 48\ Heated impression modeling compound is
"tempered" in warm water before placement
A. lower solubil ity in oral fluids. in the mouth in order to
B. fluoride release.
C. higher compressive strength. A. avoid burning the soft tissues.
D. lower film thickness. B. reduce contraction error.
C. initiate a chemical reaction.
D. minimize distortion.
43\ Glass ionomer cement restorations are
indicated for
49\ Heat treatment a lters a gold alloy's
A. root caries.
B. incisal edge fractures. A. hardness.
C. Class II lesions in adults. B. proportional limit.
D. locations where esthetics are C. percentage elongation.
important. D. All of the above. .

Pages

I
 [..-"" ,,.-
Dental materials
55\ If an impression were taken with a mercaptan ( 't
50\ High copper amalgam alloys are superior to rubber base material of teeth exhibiting severe \_
conventional alloys in that they have external undercuts a stone model should be
poured
I. lower creep.
2. less corrosion. A. immediately.
3. less marginal breakdown. B. after 30 minutes.
4. higher I hour compressive strength. C. after 24 hours.
D. None of the above.
A. (I) (2)(3)
B. (I) and (3)
C. (2) and (4) 56\ Impression trays should be
D. (4) only
E. All of the above. A. rigid.
B. flexi ble enough to permit easy
insertion.
51 \ High humidity in a room where zinc oxide and {W C. carefully polished on the interior.
eugenol impression paste is being mixed will ~ D. he ld in place by the patient.
Y'C-"' .+ )'J'' ·~e.J...b
A. increase the setting time.
B. not affect the setting.
C. prevent any setting.
- ~~<:~Cv •
(p \~ ";~· \';
Lo {;:>f';;J lo ,
57\ Impressions made with thiokol (polysulfide)
rubber may be
D. decrease the setting time.
:::;) <>v'>(!r
A. silver plated.
B. copper plated.
52\ Hydrocolloid impression materials must be poured C. poured directly in die stone.
immediately because they D. All of the above. .

A. adhere to plaster and stone if not poured

immediately. 58\ In a~roscopic investment technique,.,e]<cess (f3
..-..... B. are subject to syneresis and inbibition. _seii 'j - wate.r. iruhe investment m1x will resu tin a
C. lose strength and disintegrate if left unpoured. ~~"'.""' casting which 'V'I ~f;\ro "c' ~~c. 'rvv.~or·~. .
/'¢..l ..j,.'{,
D. begin to swell immediately after removal from the ~eu.r ~ ---4c,.,_..sc -"-·r.~·t-·,1..
mouth. t;;roS'£'?- A. is over expanded. .
e~.::.o."'s,',b~
B. is under expanded.
''"' ~...,- " ' \'..,.c_ "'fvu' ·~ .,.....,.__~ · .. -·.!.
C. has defic ient margins.
~ 53\ Hydrocolloid impressions are removed from D. shows microporosity. '1. de! eel _,:,...:\ u- +o ....., \,..,vo-- -t ~~
v-- the mouth with a snap because they exhibit E. None of the above. .

A. syneresis.
B. imbibition. 59\ In a porcelain fused to gold restoration, which
C. viscoelasticity. property must be modified between porcelain
D. low e lastic recovery. and gold to reduce the bond s hear stress?
E. low tear strength.
;::::::::::..- .
A. Compressive strength.
B. Tensile strength.
54\ If an alginate impression must be stored for a C. Modulus of elasticity. .....l. • ' ·, \ ~(
few minutes before the cast is poured, it D. Thermal coefficient of expansion. ty'- "

should be placed in E. Yield strength_ ~(ov-

A. water.
B. 100% relative humidity. 60\ In alginate impression materials, sodium
C. A I% aqueous calcium sulfate phosphate (Na3P04) is the •.
solution. .5u~·,
D. None of the above. . A. reactor.
B. catalyst.
\:: '<: rc
C. retarder.

<:" \ :.;. '-.

Page 6
 Dental materials
D. disinfectant. D. silver tin.
E. cross linking agent.

66\ In minimizing the firing shrinkage of porcelain,

61\ In cobalt-chromium alloys, the metal most
responsible for corrosion resistance is
© the principal factor is the

A. fusion temperature.
A. silver. B. ratio of flux to feldspar.
B. nickel. C. uniformity of particle size.
C. cobalt. D. thoroughness of condensation.
D. chromium.
E. tungsten.
62\ In comparing polysulfide, polyether and
addition cured silicone impression materials, 67\ In order to achieve a proper interproximal
wh ich of the foilowing statements is true? contact when' using a spherical alloy, which of
the following is/are essential?
A. All three of the materials contract
slightly during curing. I . A larger sized condenser.
B. All the materials expand slightly 2. A thinner matrix band.
upon cooling from mouth 3. An anatomical wedge. 1
temperature (37 degrees C) to room 4. Use of mechanical condensation. -<- o · t.>~
temperature (20 degrees C).
C. After one week, addition cured A. (1) (2) (3)
silicones will undergo more B.(l)and(3)
distortion than polysulfides. C. (2) and (4)
D. Lead oxide is used as an activator in D. (4) only
silicones. E. All of the above.

63\ In composite resin restorations, glass ionomer rk

cements can be used as a base because they 68\ In porcelain fused to metal crowns, the bond
are between the materials is
A. mainly mechanical.
A. sedative to a hyperemic pulp. B. mainly chemical.
B. neutral in colour. C. decreased by oxides on the metal
C. biocompatible. surface.
D. compatible with the expansion of D. decreased when the metal has a high
composite resins. yield point.

64\ In composite resin restorations, 69\ In processing (polymerizing) an acrylic ,... '
polycarboxylate cements are used as a base denture in a water bath, a correct temperature
because they are control is desired because of the possibility of

A. sedative to a hyperemic pulp. A. shrinkage of the denture.

B. neutral in colour. B. volumetric expansion of the denture
C. biocompatible. causing an open bite.
D. None of the above. C. warpage.
D. porosity due to boiling of the
monomer.
65\ In low copper (e.g. Cu = 4% by weight in the E. crazing of the denture base around
alloy powder) dental amalgam restorations, L c../ the necks of the teeth.
the most susceptible phases to corrosion are

A. coppertin. 70\ In soldering nickel-cobalt-chromium alloys

B. silver mercury. and stainless steel, the function of the fluoride
C. tin mercury. flux is
\<.>'-"' U>t\'"'- ~ 'I • - b 'I
~"'
_ _ _ _ _ _ _"--_··.......-G:,-~.-1..--. \':>'I. - '\c:,' .
Page7

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - -
 Dental materials
D. palatal area.
A. to lower the me lting range of the
solder.
B. to reduce the copper-oxide content of 75\ Incomplete polymerization of composite resin
~-
the a lloy. will occur when the resin comes in contact
C. to stop the flow of the molten solder with
onto undesired areas.
D. to reduce the formation of chromium A. zinc-phosphate cement.
oxide during soldering. B. ca lcium-hydroxide lining .
C. zinc-oxide-eugenol base.
D. g lass ionomer lining.
E. polycarboxylate cement.

71 \ In taking a polysulfide impression for a cast

res toration in the maxi lla, the tray must .,. 76\ Incorporation of alumina to dental ceramics is
used to improve
I. be rig id. A. translucency.
2. have occ lusal stops. B. strength.
3. cover the hard palate. C. adhesive potential.
4. be coated w ith an adhesive cement. D. marginal fit.

A. ( I)(2)(3)
B. (1)(3)(4) 77\ Increasing the amount of network modifiers
/c
\,_
C. (I) (2) (4) (e.g. CaO, Na ~., adc.J,.~--t'
D. (2) and (4) Oz) in porcelain will v
E. A II of the above.
A . increase its fus ion temperature.
B. decrease its thermal expansion.
72\ In taking an impression with polysulfide or C. increase its chemical reactivity.
si licone materials, if the heavy bodied tray D. decrease its potential for devitrification
material begins to set before seating, the upon heating. \1 e>t' • ~- (.,..... ~ _ ,s ~\o,.C.\~
resultant die wi ll c\e tV-;,_.
'
{-'G:.."' ""'· ••. 6 v•~
,_ 0.....•'\.0.......
1\-
" ' "'"'>r <il<'"-'1. (. c\)
A. not be affected dimensionally. 78\ Inlay wax patterns shou ld be invested as soon
B. be overall smaller. as possible in order to decrease distortion
C. be overall larger. caused by
D. deve lop a rough surface texture.
E. develop bubbles at the interface of A. reduced flow.
the syr inge and tray material. B. drying-out of the wax.
C. release of internal stress.
D . continued expansion ofthe wax.
73\ In the preparation of gypsum products, an
increase in the water/powder ratio will ().'
79\ Irreversible hydrocolloid materials are best (!___/
A. increase the surface hardness. I removed from the mouth by
"-7
B. increase the compressive strength.
C. accelerate the setting reaction. A. a quick snap.
D. None of the above. . B. a slow teasing motion.
C. twisting and rocking.
D. having the patient create a positive
74\ In the processing of methyl methacrylate, pressure .
denture porosity is most likely to appear in the

A. thickest portion..--''<> u.. .,.....,._'_1 ~ , ,_·,'iw;..\ 80\ Isthmus fractures of a C lass II amalgam
B. thinnest portion. restoration most frequently occur because of
C. buccal surface.

- - - Page 8
I
r
 Dental materials
A. inadeq uate condensation. D. None of the above.
B. inadequate width and bulk.
C. the low compressive strength of
amalgam. 86\ Molecular attraction between unlike
D. burnishing during condensation. substances is called \L /

A. adhesion.
8 1\ It is ethical to replace amalgam restorations B. cohesion.
C. syneresis.
A. on request from an informed patient. D. absorption.
B. to re lieve symptoms of multiple sclerosis.
C. to reduce the risk of developing
A lzhe imer 's disease. 87\ Most zinc-oxide-eugenol cements are not ({_·
D. to eliminate toxins from the patient. suitable for permanent cementation of crowns \..._../
and fixed partial dentures because of

82\ It is ethical to replace amalgam restorations ~ A. high viscosity.

B. low pH.
I. on request rrom an informed patient. C. high solubility in saliva.
2. to relieve symptoms of multiple sclerosis. D. adverse pulp response.
3. in highly esthetic areas of the mouth.
~·Jet- q_ ~,c·J.-r·• rJ'(
4. to eliminate toxins rrom the patient. ____,
~ '~ r. ..\ 1 ~· 88\ Nickel-chromium alloys designed for porcelain
A. (1) (2) (3) Bonded to metal crowns should be used
B. (I) and (3) with caution because
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only A. nickel is an allergen. t... ,yo 0 '""
E. All of the above .. B. the modulus of elasticity is low.
C. these alloys cannot be soldered.
D. None of the above.
83\ Leucite is added to porcelain fused to metal
crowns to
89\ One week after amalgam restoration is placed in
A. decrease the thermal expansion The mandibular first premolar,the patient returns
coefficient of porcelain. complaining of a sharp pain of short duration when
B. decrease the fusing temperature. eating or drining something cold.Teeth respond
C. increase the translucency. normally to electric pulp testing and heat and the
D. increase strength to the porcelain. radiographs are normal. The most likely diagnosis is

A. Hypercementosis
84\ Longer trituration of a lloy and mercury will B. Reversible pulpits
result in an amalgam restoration which will C. Pulpal microabscess
have D. Acute periradicular periodontis

A. greater expansion during setting.

B. reduced strength. 90\ Polycarboxylate cement may be used as a base
C. increased flow. material beneath a metallic restoration ·
D. None of the above. because

A. its thermal conductivity is similar to -t:> .,....•, ~· ~ ,....., ... <....

85\ Marginal leakage of a composite resin dentin and enamel. ~,__ ~ ... ,_~\. ~>-t
restoration will B. its thermal diffusivity is similar to '<"t'VJ... rY o.-,..:. 1-::>er-
dentin and enamel. '-""'.,.. -e.,.~
~<~·,, .....
A. not be detectable. C. its compressive strength when set
B. be minimized by use of a bonding wi II resist forces of condensation.
agent. D. All of the above. . \?"
O,."'"V'o"'--\ ~ \Accot
C. decrease with longevity.
c,_\-..So < P~~ \-:,-.I,
'-'

~-~ J'Y'tf.. f0 ·". r

 Dental materials
medium.
91 \ Polyethers are NOT recommended for
impressions in mouths where periodontal I ('h
disease has left wide interdental embrasures 95\ Polyvinylsilopane impression materials have
because they have high /

A. high elastic modulus. (S A. polymerization shrinkage.

B. low tear strength. B. dimensional stability.
C. high viscosity. C. by-product formation.
D. poor elastic memory. D. linear expansion.

96\ Prior to cementing an on lay in a vital tooth

using polycarboxylate cement, the tooth may
be coated with cavity varnish ,.., 0 41

A. to protect the pulp.

B. to improve seal.
92\ Polymerization shrinkage in a composite C. to prevent post-operative sensiti vity.
resin is reduced by D. None of the above. .

A. placing a g lass ionomer liner on all

exposed dentin before placing 97\ Prior to pouring a stone model, the immersion
composite resin. of a hydrocolloid impression in 2~percent
B. doubling the curing time of the resin otassium su lphate for 2~to~5~minutes w ill
in preparations that are deep. "<.<:( y.r ,,.. --~-
C. using a flowable composite on the A. retard the set.
gingival floor of Class II B. accelerate the set.
preparations. C. inhibit the formation of bubbles.
D. incremental placement of no more D. prevent distortion of the hydrocolloid
than 2mm thickness of composite material.
resin.

93\ Polysulfide impression materials 98\ Prior to the placement of polycarboxylate

L
cement as a base for a restoration, the cavity
A. have a higher "tear strength" than preparation should be
condensation polymerized silicones.
B. have better dimensional stability than A. painted with cavity varnish.
addi tion cured silicones. B. cleaned with hydrofluoric acid.
C. set more slowly if moisture is C. thoroughly dried with warm air.
incorporated. D. cleaned with water and air dried.
D. cannot undergo distortion when removed
from undercuts.
E. are not cross-linked. 99\ Reversible hydrocolloids transform from sol
to gel and gel to sol as a function of the

94\ Po lysulfide rubber base impressions should be A. concentration of the fillers and
plasticizers.
A. poured immediately. B. percent composition by weight of
B. allowed to stand a half hour before water.
pouring. C. concentration of potassium sulfate.
C. immersed in a fixing solution before D. temperature. . ( ~ f-Cra/1) > ~
5
pouring.
D. immersed in water 10 minutes before
pouring. I 00\ Silicone impression materials that set by
E. coated with a thin film of separating condensation polymerization

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 Dental materials
E. All of the above.
A. liberate ethyl alcohol as a byproduct of
the polymerization reaction.
B. polymerize more slowly. I 05\ The best means of extending the working time
C. undergo hig h shrinkage during the first of an irreversible hydrocolloid impression
24 hours. material is to
D. contain an accelerator consisting of a
stannous sulfate. A. extend spatulation time.
B. add additional water.
d" o .• '1 6 .,.. ~::)'rv \.' " ~ b..}_o C. use cold water.
\ 'i~e I 0 I\ Strain hardening a metal wi II reduce its D. add a sma ll amount of borax.
1\<t ITT - E. add potass ium sulfate.
A. modulus of e lasticity.
_.L B. ducti lity.
d.-
r'CI)(' C. proportional limit. I 06\ The best method to control the setting time of a
5ft.tri~ D. y ield strength. irreversible hydrocolloid is to alter the

A. te mperature of the water.

B. water-powder ratio.
C. mixing time.
I 02\ The accuracy of alg inate impression materials '2:, D. composition.
will be improved if I 07\ The best way to increase the working time of p
a polyvinylsitoxane is to
A. the space between the tray and the
teeth is l-2 mm . A . change the catalyst/base ratio.
B. the space between the tray and the B. refrigerate the material.
teeth allows 4 -5mm of alginate. C. add oleic acid.
C. the impression is removed slow ly D. reduce mi xing time. .
from the unde rcuts around the teeth.
D. the impression is soaked in water for
I hour.

I 03\ The accuracy of the mercaptan polysulfide A. creates a reducing atmosphere in the
and s ilicone rubber impression materials mo ld.
B. tends to reduce both hygroscopic and
A. is less than that of alginates. thermal expansions.
B. is better than that of hydrocolloids. C. increases the thermal expansion of
C. is contra-indicated. the mold.
D. compares favorab ly with reversible D. contributes to the overa ll expans ion of the mold.
hydrocolloids.
E. is inversely proportional to
temperature and humidity. I 09\ The bond between porcelain and metal in tp,)
a ceramometa l (porce lain bonded to metal)
crown is
I 04\ The add ition of platinum to a dental gold alloy
results in increased A. chemical.
B. mechanical.
I . strength. C. neither chemical nor mechanical.
2. hardness.
3. melting point.
4. resistance to corrosion. II 0\ The bond between porcelain and metal in a
ceramometal (porcela in bonded to metal)
f-\)
A. (1 )(2)(3) crown is
v
B. {I) and (3)
C. (2) and (4) A. chemical.
D. (4) only B. mechanical.

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 Dental materials
C. equally chemical and mechanical. D. significantly less.
D. neither chemical nor mechanical.

115\ The curing ofpolysulphide and silicone

Ill\ The chemical that is used to retard the rubbers will not be complete throughout the
setting reaction in alginate impression mass if
materials is
A. an equal amount of catalyst is not
A. calcium sulfate. present.
B. sodium sulfate. B. heat is not supplied to the reaction.
C. calcium phosphate. C. the mixture is not heterogenous.
D. sodium phosphate. D. the mixture is not homogenous.

116\ The desirable relationship between the

coefficients of thermal expansion of an alloy (metal) A
and a ceramic (ceramic) used for a metallo-ceramic res-
toration is

A. metal significantly higher than ceramic

B. metal significantly lower than ceramic
C. metal equal to ceramic
112\ The clinical width of attached gingiva is c D. metal slightly higher than ceramic
determ ined by measuring the d istance E. metal slightly lower than ceramic
from the ,\'(
-I'

A. free gingival margin to the 117\ The dimensional stability of polyether

'M/:<0' IT
'-
mucogingival line plus the impression material is considered to be good
periodontal pocket depth. EXCEPT if the material is
B. free gingival margin to the depth of
.-.. the periodontal pocket. A. dehydrated.
C. free gingival margin to the B. allowed to absorb water after setting.
mucogingival line minus the C. distorted by rapid removal of the
periodontal pocket depth. impression from the mouth.
D. free gingival margin to the D. contaminated with latex.
mucogingival line.

118\ The dimensional stability ofpolyether

113\ The coefficient of thermal expansion of impression material is considered to be good
composite resins is EXCEPT if the material is

A. greater than that of enamel. '3 S ·H"" u. A. dehydrated.

B. the same as that of enamel. B. allowed to absorb water after setting.
C. less than that of enamel. C. used in uneven thickness.
D. the same as that of amalgam. D. distorted by rapid removal of the
E. the same as that of glass ionomer impression from the mouth.
cement. E. contaminated with latex.

114\ The coefficient of thermal ~xpansion of the 119\ The elastic limit of a material is the greatest
metal relative to the porcelain for constructing load to which a material can be subjected to in
a ceramometal (porcelain bonded to metal) order that it will
crown should be
A. fracture.
A. s lightly less. B. remain distorted.
B. the same. C. return to its original dimension.
C. slightly more. D. return to a point beyond its original

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 Dental materials
dimension.
124\ The main reason for adding copper to a dental
amalgam alloy is to
120\ The exudate produced on the surface of an I
alginate impression through syneresis acts as A. increase expansion.
B. reduce tarnish resistance.
A. a lubricant between the impression C. make amalgamation easier.
material and the gypsum cast. D. reduce the tin-mercury phase.
B . a medium that aids in producing
distinct details on the surface of the
resultant gypsum cast. 125\ The main reason for adding copper to a dental
C. a medium that aids in producing a amalgam a lloy is to
hard surface on the gypsum cast.
D. None of the above. A. increase expansion.
B. reduce tarnish resistance.
C. make amalgamation easier.
D. increase lustre.
E. reduce the tin-mercury phase.
121\ The higher modulus of e lasticity of a chromium-
cobalt-nickel alloy, compared to a Type IV gold alloy,
means that chromium- cobalt-nickel partial
denture clasps will require 126\ The major advantage of glass ionomer cement
as a restorative material is that it is
A.a heavier cross section for a c lasp arm.
B.a shorter retentive arm. A. highly translucent.
C. more taper. B. a fluoride releas ing material.
D.a shallower undercut. C. highly esthetic.
D. unaffected by moisture during the
setting reaction.

122\ The luting materials that will bond to enamel

are 127\ The major disadvantage of zinc phosphate
used to cement crowns is the
I. zinc phosphate.
2. polycarboxylate. A. development of heat during setting.
3. zinc silicophosphate. B. pulp irritation.
4. glass ionomer. C. lack of edge strength.
D. low crushing strength.
A. (1)(2)(3)
B. ( I) and (3)
C. (2) and (4) 128\ The modulus of e lasticity of a material is
D. (4) only detetmined by
E. All of the above.
A. dividing stress by strain below elastic
limit.
B. dividing strain by stress.
123\ The main purpose of flux in soldering is to C. multiplying proportional limit by
strain.
A. dissolve surface oxides and prevent D. squaring proportional limit and
further oxidation. dividing by strain.
B. prevent recrystallization and grain
growth.
C. prevent oxidation and lower the 129\ The most likely cause of fracture of the
melting range of the solder. veneering porcelain, that leaves the
D. dissolve surface oxides and lower the underlying metal exposed, on a porcelain
melting range. fused to metal bridge is

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 Dental materials
A. flexure of the bridge under the bowl.
occlusal load. C. using room temperature water.
B. veneering porcelain that is more than D. mixing beyond the recommended time.
2mm thick.
C. contamination of the metal prior to
porcelain appl ication. 134\ The polishing of an amalgam restoration
D. porosities inside the veneering
porcelain. A. should not be performed before
E. overglazing of the porcelain. 24 hours after insertion.
B. completely prevents tarnish from
occurring.
130\ T he most practical method to significantly C. removes the mercury rich surface
reduce the setting time of stone and plaster layer of the amalgam.
is to use D. is more permanent if the surface is
heated during the procedure.
A. warm mixing water.
B. a calcium sulfate dihydrate < c: \
nucleating agent. 135\ T he polymerization of methyl methacrylate is
C. a sodium sulfate nucleating agent.
D. a longer mi xing time. A. endothermic.
B. hydrophilic.
C. hydrolytic.
D. exothermic.

13 1\ The most toxic form of mercury is 136\ The presence oftin in an amalgam alloy
modifies the reaction and physical properties
/0..
-+ t._. ' \ ..,rrv<.J'( ' • \_j
A. organomercurial compounds. n~e l of the amalgam in that it
B. inorganic mercuric compounds.
C. inorganic mercurous compounds. A. speeds the amalgamation rate.
D. e lemental mercury. B. enhances strength.
C. enhances tarnish resistance.
D. reduces flow. .
132\ The outline form for an amalgam restoration
in pit and fissure cavities is controlled by a ll
of the following EXCEPT the 137\ The preconditioning of an all-ceramic
restoration prior to bonding is achieved by
A. extent to which the enamel has been
involved by the carious process. A. sandblasting.
B. lateral spread of caries a long the B. acid etching with phosphoric acid.
dentino-ename l junction. C. roughening the surface with a diamond
C. extension that must be made a long bur.
the fissures in order to achieve sound D. acid etching with hydrofluoric acid.
and smooth margins. E. degreasing with acetone.
D. need to terminate the margins on a
cusp ridge or marginal ridge crest.
E. extent of undermining of the enamel 138\ The prime advantage of vacuum firing of
by the carious process. porcelain is

A. better colour.
133\ The physical properties of a lginate impression B. less shrinkage.
materials will be adversely affected by C. more translucency.
D. increased strength.
A. "tumbling" the a lginate container prior to
filling the dispensing scoop.
B. adding powder to the water in the mi xing 139\ T he principa l advantage of polyether

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 Dental materials
impression materials over polysulfide polymer B. amount of amalgam used.
impression materials is C. condensation technique.
D. carving techniq ue.
A. longer shelf Iife.
B. superior accuracy.
C. superior surface on the cast. 145\ The setting of a zinc- oxyphosphate cement can ?)
D. less d imensional change with time. best be retarded by

A. decreasing the particle size.

140\ The principal internal retention for a Class V B. increasing the concentration of water
amalgam cavity preparation is established at in the liquid.
the C. reducing the rate of addition of the
powder to the liquid.
A. occluso-axial and gingivo-axial line D. increasmg the temperature of the
angles. mixing slab.
B. mesio-axial and disto-axial line E. addition of oleic acid.
angles.
C. mesio-gingival and disto-gingival
line angles. 146\ The stiffness of a materia l can best be
D. None of the above.. described by the

A. modulus of elasticity.
141\ The proportional limit of a material is the (c) B. percentage e longation.
stress C. modulus of resilience.
D. elastic limit. .
A. at which elastic deformation first
begins to occur.
B. at which strain hardening ceases tooccur.
C. beyond which plastic deformation
begins to occur. 147\ The type of amalgam requ iring the least
D. at which fracture occurs. volume of mercury for its setting reaction is

A. low copper.
142\ The rate of set of a lginate impression B. high copper.
materials can be increased by C. admixed.
D. lathe cut.
A. increasing the water/powder ratio. E. spherical.
B. increasing the temperature of the
mixing water.
C. adding sodium phosphate to the e sprue of a wax
mixing water.
D. decreasing the amount of mixing.
A. volumetric changes in the casting.
B. casting porosity rrom inc lusion of
143\ The rate of "set" of polysu Ifide impression ~ gases.
materia ls is accelerated by \!._~ C. casting porosity from inclusion of
foreign bodies.
A. increasing the mixing temperature. D. casting porosity during solidification.
B. decreasing the mixing temperature.
C. adding oleic acid to the mix.
D. None of the above. . 149\ The use of cavity varnish under an amalgam C:: )
restoration wi II '-

144\ The resid ua l mercury content of the amalgam 0 1. have a bactericidal effect.
restoration is significantly affected by ~J 2. decrease marginal leakage.
3. stimulate secondary dentine formation.
A. cavity outline. 4. decrease tooth discolouration.

-------------------------------- PagelS
 Dental materials

A. (1)(2)(3) 155\ To ensure the greatest accuracy, rubber base

B. ( I) and (3) impressions should be poured
C. (2) a nd (4)
D. (4) only A. within I0 minutes.
E. A II of the above .. B. within I hour.
C. within 8 hours.
D. after 24 hours.
150\ The use of polyether impression materials is
NOT recommended for full arch impressions
of dentate patients because they !56\ Upon setting, a mixture of plaster of Paris and
water will exhibit
A. exhibit viscoelasticity.
B. exh ibit a high elastic modulus. A. loss in compressive strength.
C. a B. expansion.
re thixotropic. C. gain in moisture content.
D. are hydrophil ic. D. contraction. .

151\ '_fhe working time of zinc-phosphate cement /-") 157\ Using less water for mixing plaster of Paris
will result in set p laster that
A. is shortened if moisture condenses on
the mixing slab during the mixing A. contracts.
process. B. is stronger. <l r' -,.~
B. is lengthened if the powder is mixed C. is more porous.
with the liquid as quickly as possible. D. is less brittle. .
C. is shortened if the mixing slab is
cooled.
D. None ofthe above. . 158\ Using more water when mixing dental

152\ The yield strength of an orthodontic wire is

(D stone wi ll result in a cast that exhibits

A. increased expansion and decreased

A. the same as the proponional limit. strength.
B. decreased by work hardening. B. decreased expansion and increased
C. the same as the stress at fracture. strength.
D. higher than the proportional limit. C. decreased expansion and decreased
strength.
D. increased expansion and increased
153\ To ensure a clinically acceptable setting time, strength.
polyalkenoic cements contain

A. salicylic acid. 159\ Vary ing the mercury content of an amalgam i\ \

B. phosphoric acid. results in which of the following? v)
C. maleic acid.
D. tartaric acid-
. -~ c....<~~~ c/'..~\M A. T he higher the mercury content the
E. itaconic acid greater the strength.
B. The higher the mercury content the
less the flow.
154\ To ensure maximum marginal strength for ("§.) C. The lower the mercury content the
an amalgam restoration the cavosurface greater the flow.
angle should D. The lower the mercury content the
greater the strength.
A. approach 45 degrees.
B. approach 90 degrees.
C. be beveled. ' \ 160\ Voids in a gypsum cast are most likely the
D. be chamfered. cs~ysultof

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 Dental materials
A. low surface tension of a silicone
impression material. A. expands.
B. high surface tension of an irreversible B. contracts.
hydrocolloid. C. corrodes.
C. using a hydrophilized addition silicone. D. becomes brittle.
D. spray ing a surfactant on the impression. E. work hardens.

16 1\ Wettability is NOT a desirable property for 166\ When gypsum is mixed with water and sets to
which of the follow ing? form a dental cast, the powder particles are
replaced by crystals of
A. Dental impression materials.
B. Acrylic resin for denture bases. A. potassium sulfate.
C. Uncured composite resins. B. potassium phosphate.
D. Hand instruments for placing resins. C. ca lcium sulfate.
E. Trituration of amalgam. D. trisodium phosphate.

162\ What ADA type die stone should be used to 167\ When using alginate impression material,
pour dies for porcelain fused to metal crowns which of the following statements is correct?
when a polyvinylsiloxane impression material
is used? A. Store the impression in water at 37 degrees C prior
to pouring the cast.
A. Type IV. B. Remove the impression slowly from the undercuts.
B. Type III. C. Control the setting time by changing the
C . Type II. water/powder ratio.
D. Type r. . D. Pour the cast immediately upon removal of the
impression from the mouth.

168\ When using a zinc phosphate cement to lute a

full crown, it is recommended to
163\ What is the most important mechanical
property to consider in the selection of an A. mix the cement on a waxed paper
alloy for a long and narrow porcelain fused to pad.
metal bridge? B. leave the tooth moist but not wet.
C. apply continuous occlusal loading
A. Elastic modulus. while the cement sets.
B. Proportiona l limit. D. remove any excess before the cement
C. Toughness. is set.
D. Strength.

169\ Where cavity preparations are extensive,

164\ When compared with admixed amalgams, polycarboxylate cement can be used as a base c
spherical amalgams material because

A. require less condensation pressure. A. its pH stimulates secondary dentin

B. require shorter trituration time. formation.
C. are stronger (24 hour compressive B. it interacts with setting amalgam to
strength). form a weak chemical union.
D. have better resistance to marginal C. it is biocompatible with the pulp.
fracture. D. it is compressible when set.
E. tarnish more.

170\ Which impression material can be stored

165\ When gold or a gold alloy changes fro m a for more than 24 hours, be poured and still
liquid to a solid state it produce accurate dies?

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 Dental materials
2. Polycarboxylate cement.
A. Polysulfide. 3. Ethoxy benzoic acid cement.
B. Condensation reaction silicone. 4. G lass ionomer cement.
C. Reversible hydrocolloid.
D. Addition reaction silicone A. (1) (2) (3)
(polyvinylsiloxane). B. ( 1) and (3)
E. Irreversible hydrocolloid. C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. A ll of the above.
17 1\ Which of the following are characteristics of
restorative glass ionomer cements? · f\
175\ Which of the fo llowing cements can
I. Release of fluoride. chemically bond to enamel?
2. Bonding to enamel.
3. Setting not affected by moisture. 1. Zinc phosphate cement.
4. Irritating to pulpal tissues. 2. Polycarboxylate cement.
3. Reinforced zi nc oxide eugenol
A. ( I) and (2) cement.
B. ( I) and (3) 4. Glass ionomer cement.
C. (2) and (4)
D. (2) and (3) A. ( 1)(2)(3)
E. All of the above. B. (I) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
172\ Which of the following are characteristics of ~ E. All of the above.
restorative glass ionomer cements? V
I. Release of fluoride. 176\ Which of the following cements can $_
2. Bonding to enamel. chemically bond to ename l?
3. Setting is affected by moisture.
4. Irritating to pulpal tissues. A. Z inc phosphate.
B. Polycarboxylate.
A. (I )(2){3) C. Calcium hydroxide.
B. (I ) and (3) D. Reinforced zinc-oxide eugenol.
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only 177\ Which of the following dental cements shows
E. All ofthe above. a chemical bond to clean dentin?

A. Calcium hydroxide.
173/ Wh ich of the following are effects of cold B. Zinc phosphate.
working a metal? C. Z inc-oxide and eugenol.
D. Glass ionomer. .
I. Increase in ductility.
2. Decrease in ductility.
3. Increase in hardness. 178\ Which of the following factors could cause a
4. Increase in resistance to corrosion. casting to fit tighter in the mouth than on the
cast?
A. ( 1) and (2) A. Too much water in mixi ng the stone
B. ( I) and (4) for the cast.
C. (2) and (3) B. Too little water in mixing the stone
D. (3) and (4) for the cast.
C. Duplication impression slightly
oversized.
174\ Which of the following cements can D. Im proper wax-up of the partial.
chemically bond to ename l?

1. Z inc phosphate cement. 179\ Which of the fo llowing im press ion materials G

Page 18

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 Dental materials

has the best dimensional stability? B. (1) and (3)

A. Polysulfide rubber. C. (2) and (4)
B. Condensation s ilicone. D. (4) only
C. Polyvinylsiloxane. E. All of the above ..
D. Irreversible hydrocolloid.

184/ Which of the following is the hardest?

180\ Which of the following impression materials (
is the most dimensionally stable? A. Amalgam.
B. Enamel.
A. Condensation type s ilicone. C. Composite resin.
B. Polysulphide. D . Silicate cement.
C. Polyvinyl siloxane. E. Type IV gold a lloy.
D. Reversible hydrocolloid.
E. Irreversible hydrocolloid.
185\ Which of the following materials are LEAST --~
suitable for impressions for cast gold L/
restorations?
181 \ Which of the following impression materials
will distort the most when stored in air for 24 D A. Polysulfides.
hours before pouring? B. Polyvinyl siloxanes.
C. Polyethers.
A. Condensation cured silicone. D. Irreversible hydrocolloids.
B. Polyether.
C. Polysu lfide.
D. Irreversible hydrocolloid. 186\ Which of the following materials are MOST
UNSUITABLE for impressions for cast gold
restorations?

A. Polysulfide rubbers.
182\ Which of the following is/are essential when [;- B. Polyvinyl siloxanes.
using spherical rather than admix al loy fo r a C. Polyether impression materials.
routine amalgam restoration D. Reversible hydrocolloids.
E. Irreversible hydrocolloids.
I . a larger diameter condenser.
2. an anatomical wedge.
3. decreased condensing pressure. 187\ Which of the following materials is most
4. a dead soft matrix band. likely to initiate a hypersensitivity
reaction?
A. ( 1)(2)(3)
B. (I) and (3) A. Titanium.
C. (2) and (4) B. Gold.
D. (4) on ly C. Nickel chromium.
E. All of the above. D. Chrome cobalt.
E. Silver amalgam.

183\ Which of the following is/are essential when 188\ Which of the following materials is most
using a spherical rather than an admix alloy radiolucent?
for a routine amalgam restoration?
A. Calcium hydroxide.
I . A larger diameter condenser tip. B. Zinc phosphate cement.
2. An anatomical wedge. C. Amalgam.
3. A thinner matrix band. D. Gold foil. .
4. A serrated condenser tip.

- A.( l )(2)(3) 189\ Which of the fol lowing modifications to the

- - - Page 19 - -
 Dental materials
standard procedure for mixing gypsum B. (I) and (3)
products will increase the compressive C. (2) and (4)
strength of the set material? D. (4) only
£. All of the above.
A. Adding a s mall amount of salt to the
water before mixing.
B. Decreasing the water/powder ratio by 194\ Which of the following properties apply to f)
a small amount. glass ionomer cements?
C. Using warmer water.
D. Decreasing the mixing time. 1. Chemical bonding to etched dentin.
2. Non-irritating to pulpal tissue at moderate
depth.
190\ Which of the fo llowing physical properties would 3. Anticariogenic because of fluoride release.
be_ least_ important for an impression material for
partially edentulous patients? A. (1) only
B. (I) and (2)
A. Biocompatibility. C.(I)and(3)
B. Dimensional stability. D. All of the above.
C. Ease of manipulation.
D. Adhesion to calcium.
E. Elasticity. 195\ Which of the following statements is p.-
correct with respect to zinc containing
amalgams?
19 1\ Which of the following prevents distortion of
a reversible hydrocolloid impression material? A. High copper amalgam restorations
containing zinc demonstrate better
A. Slow removal from undercuts. overall survival rates.
B. Storage in I00 percent humidity for B. Amalgams containing zinc should be
C. Storage in air. used when contamination with
D. Storage in 2 percent solution of potass ium moisture is unavoidable during
sulfate for 60 minutes. condensation.
C. Zinc is added during the
manufacturing operation to increase
192\ Which of the following procedures must be the solubility of tin in silver.
done to ensure acceptable mercury hygiene in D. Amalgams containing zinc produce a
a denta l office? significantly better seal than zincfree
amalgams.
A. Use of high volume evacuation when
working with amalgam.
B. Use of air spray when condensing,
polishing or removing amalgam.
196\ Which of the following wou ld occur if a zinc
containing amalgam is contaminated with c
C. Storage of amalgam scrap in a dry saliva during condensing?
container with a lid.
D. A quarterly mercury assessment for I . No change in compressive strength but lower
office personnel. tensile strength.
2. Increased expansion.
3. Reduced flow or creep.
193\ Which ofthe following procedures should be 4. Increased surface pitting.
used to reduce the risk of exposure to mercury
vapour? A . ( 1)(2)(3)
B. (I) and (3)
I. Staff education. C. (2) and (4)
2. Rubber dam. D. (4) only
3. High velocity suction. E. Al l of the above.
4. Surgical mask.

A. ( 1)(2) (3) 197\ Which one of the following cements is

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 Dental materials
anticariogenic because of fluoride ion release? D. in a dry environment.

A. Resin.
B. Polycarboxylate. 20 1\ Wrought gold a lloy clasps are superior to cast 't)
C. Zinc phosphate. gold clasps of the same cross-sectional area
D. Glass ionomer. because they

1. exhibit greater flexibility.

198\ Which statement is FALSE?

A. The early mercury toxic threshold

D 2 . are coarser grained.
may be expressed in relation to the
quantity of mercury excreted in
urine.
B. The early signs of mercury
intoxication s uggest that the most
sensitive organs are the central
nervo us system and the kidney.
C. The early sign of mercury
intoxication may appear as urinary
mercury concentration reaches 50
microgrammes/gramme of creatinin.
D. The best way to appraise the risk to
the health of a person who has
amalgam restorations is to measure
the mercury vapors in his mouth.
E. T he total contirbution ofthe
environment a nd amalgam
restorations to the urinary excretion
of mercury rema ins below 4
microgrammes/gramme of creatinin.
3. are more accurately adapted to the tooth.
4. have a higher propottional limit.
A. (2) and (3)
B. ( I) and (2)
C. (3) and (4)
D. ( !) and (4)
202\ Zinc-oxide-eugenol cements are
A. less soluble than zinc phosphate cements.
B. more soluble than zi nc phosphate
cements.
C. as soluble as zinc phosphate cements.
D. less soluble than g lass ionomer cements.
203\ Zinc oxide eugenol cement is a/an
A . phosphate cement.
B. phenolic cement.
C. resin modified g lass ionomer cement.
D. polya lkenoic acid cement.
E. adhesive resin cement.

204\ Z inc phosphate cement, when used as a luting

agent for cast restorations, has which of the
following properties?

199\ Which thermal property is most important in l. Insolubility.

selecting a restorative material to protect the 2. Anticariogenici ty.
pulp from excessive temperature changes? 3. C hemical adhesion.
4. Mechanical retention.
A. conductivity.
B. diffusivity. A. (1 )(2)(3)
C. expansion coefficient. B. (I ) arid (3)
D. modu lus. C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.
200\ Whi le setting, a gypsum-bonded investment
materia l w ill undergo an additional expansion
if it occurs

B. under vacuum.
C. in a cold e nvironment.

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