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Mathematics: Coordinate Geometry Parabola
Mathematics: Coordinate Geometry Parabola
MATHEMATICS
COORDINATE GEOMETRY
Parabola
Integer Type/Fill in the Blanks
1. Let the curve C be the mirror image of the parabola y2 = 4x with respect to the line x + y + 4 = 0. If
A and B are the points of intersection of C with the line y = 5, then the distance between A and B
is [2015]
2. If the normals of the parabola y2 = 4x drawn at the end points of its latus rectum are tangents to
the circle (x 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = r2, then the value of r2 is [2015]
3. Let S be the focus of the parabola y2 = 8x and let PQ be the common chord of the circle
x2 + y2 2x 4y = 0 and the given parabola. The area of the triangle PQS is ____ [2012]
4. Point of intersection of tangents at the ends of the latus rectum of the parabola y2 = 4x is ____
[1994]
MCQSingle Correct
1. If a chord, which is not a tangent, of the parabola y2 = 16x has the equation 2x + y = p, and
midpoint (h, k), then which of the following is(are) possible value(s) of p, h and k ?
(A) p = 5, h = 4, k = 3 (B) p = 1, h = 1, k = 3
(C) p = 2, h = 2, k = 4 (D) p = 2, h = 3, k = 4 [2017]
2. The common tangents to the circle x2 + y2 = 2 and the parabola y2 = 8x touch the circle at the
points P, Q and the parabola at the points R, S. Then the area of the quadrilateral PQRS is
(A) 3 (B) 6
(C) 9 (D) 15 [2014]
3. Let (x, y) be any point on the parabola y2 = 4x. Let P be the point that divides the line segment
from (0, 0) to (x, y) in the ratio 1 : 3. Then the locus of P is
(A) x2 = y (B) y2 = 2x
2
(C) y = x (D) x2 = 2y [2011]
7. The focal chord to y2 = 16x is tangent to (x – 6)2 + y2 = 2, then the possible values of the slope of
this chord, are
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
2
(A) {1, 1} (B) {2, 2}
(C) {2, 1/2} (D) {2, 1/2} [2003]
8. The locus of the midpoint of the line segment joining the focus to a moving point on the parabola
2
y = 4ax is another parabola with directrix
(A) x = a (B) x = a/2
(C) x = 0 (D) x = a/2 [2002]
2
9. The equation of the directrix of the parabola y + 4y + 4x + 2 = 0 is
(A) x = –1 (B) x=1
(C) x = –3/2 (D) x = 3/2 [2001]
10. The equation of the common tangent touching the circle (x –3)2 + y2 = 9 and the parabola
2
y = 4x above the x–axis is
(A) 3y = 3x + 1 (B) 3 y = –(x + 3)
(C) 3 y = x + 3 (D) 3 y = –(3x +1) [2001]
11. If x + y = k is normal to y2 = 12x, then k is
(A) 3 (B) 9
(C) – 9 (D) – 3 [2000]
12. If the line x – 1 = 0 is the directrix of the parabola y2 – kx + 8 = 0, then one of the values of k is
(A) 1/8 (B) 8
(C) 4 (D) 2/3 [2000]
13. The curve describes parametrically by x = t2 + t + 1 , y = t2 – t + 1 represents
(A) a straight line (B) an ellipse
(C) a parabola (D) a hyperbola [1999]
Comprehension
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it:
Let a, r, s, t be non-zero real numbers. Let P(at2, 2at), Q, R(ar2, 2ar) and S(as2, 2as) be distinct points on
the parabola y2 = 4ax. Suppose that PQ is the focal chord and lines QR and PK are parallel, where K is
the point (2a, 0). [2014]
1. The value of r is
1 t2 1
(A) (B)
t t
1 t2 1
(C) (D)
t t
2. If st = 1, then the tangent at P and the normal at S to the parabola meet at a point whose ordinate
is
2 2
(A)
t 2
1 (B)
a t2 1
2t 3 2t 3
2 2
(C)
a t2 1 (D)
a t2 2
t3 t3
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it:
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
3
Let PQ be a focal chord of the parabola y2 = 4ax. The tangents to the parabola at P and Q meet at a point
lying on the line y = 2x + a, a > 0. [2013]
3. Length of chord PQ is
(A) 7a (B) 5a
(C) 2a (D) 3a
MCQMulti Correct
2
1. Let P be the point on the parabola y = 4x which is at the shortest distance from the center S of
2 2
the circle x + y – 4x – 16y + 64 = 0. Let Q be the point on the circle dividing the line segment SP
internally. Then
(A) SP 2 5
(B) SQ : QP
5 1 : 2
(C) the x-intercept of the normal to the parabola at P is 6
(D) the slope of the tangent to the circle at Q is 1/2 [2016]
2. Let P and Q be distinct points on the parabola y2 = 2x such that a circle with PQ as diameter
passes through the vertex O of the parabola. If P lies in the first quadrant and the area of the
triangle OPQ is 3 2 , then which of the following is (are) the coordinates of P ?
(A) 4, 2 2 (B) 9, 3 2
1 1
(C) , (D) 1, 2 [2015]
4 2
3. Let L be a normal to the parabola y2 = 4x. If L passes through the point (9, 6), then L is given by
(A) y x + 3 = 0 (B) y + 3x 33 = 0
(C) y + x 15 = 0 (D) y 2x + 12 = 0 [2011]
4. Let A and B be two distinct points on the parabola y2 = 4x. If the axis of the parabola touches a
circle of radius r having AB as its diameter, then the slope of the line joining A and B can be
(A) 1/r (B) 1/r
(C) 2/r (D) 2/r [2010]
2
5. The tangent PT and the normal PN to the parabola y = 4ax at a point P on it meet its axis at
points T and N, respectively. The locus of the centroid of the triangle PTN is a parabola whose
2a
(A) vertex is , 0 (B) directrix is x = 0
3
2a
(C) latus rectum is (D) focus is (a, 0) [2009]
3
6. The equations of the common tangents to the parabola y = x2 and y = (x 2)2 is/are
(A) y = 4 (x 1) (B) y = 0
(C) y = 4 (x 1) (D) y = 30x 50 [2006, 5]
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
4
Match the Matrix
1. A line L : y = mx + 3 meets y-axis at E(0, 3) and the arc of the parabola y2 = 16x, 0 y 6 at the
point F(x0, y0). The tangent to the parabola at F(x0, y0) intersects the y-axis at G(0, y1). The slope
m of the line L is chosen such that the area of the triangle EFG has a local maximum.
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists :
List I List II
P. m= 1. 1
2
Q. Maximum area of EFG is 2. 4
R. y0 = 3. 2
S. y1 = 4. 1
Codes :
P Q R S
(A) 4 1 2 3
(B) 3 4 1 2
(C) 1 3 2 4
(D) 1 3 4 2 [2013]
Subjective
1. Consider the parabola y2 = 8x. Let 1 be the area of the triangle formed by the end points of its
1
latus rectum and the point P , 2 on the parabola, and 2 be the area of the triangle formed by
2
drawing tangents at P and at the end points of the latus rectum. Then find the value of 1 .
2
[2011]
2. At any point P on the parabola y2 – 2y – 4x + 5 = 0, a tangent is drawn which meets the directrix
1
at Q. Find the locus of point R which divides QP externally in the ratio : 1 . [2004, 4]
2
3. Normals are drawn from the point P with slopes m 1, m2, m3 to the parabola y2 = 4x. If locus of P
with m1 m2 = is a part of the parabola itself then find . [2003, 4]
4. Let C1 and C2 be, respectively, the parabolas x 2= y – 1 and y2 = x – 1. Let P be any point on C1
and Q be any point on C2. Let P1 and Q1 be the reflections of P and Q respectively, with respect
to the line y = x. Prove that P1 lies on C2, Q1 lies on C1 and PQ min{PP1 , QQ1}. Hence or other
wise determine points P0 and Q0 on the parabolas C1 and C2 respectively such that P0Q0 PQ for
all pairs of points (P, Q) with P on C1 and Q on C2. [2000, 10]
5. The angle between a pair of tangents drawn form a point P to the parabola y2 = 4ax is 450 show
that the locus of the point P is a hyperbola. [1998, 8]
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
5
a2
6. From a point A common tangents are drawn to the circle x 2 + y2 = and parabola y2 = 4ax.
2
Find the area of the quadrilateral formed by the common tangents, the chord of contact of the
circle and the chord of contact of the parabola. [1996, 2]
2
7. Points A, B and C lie on the parabola y = 4ax. The tangents to the parabola at A, B and C, taken
in pairs, intersect at points P, Q and R. Determine the ratio of the areas of the triangles ABC
and PQR. [1996, 3]
8. Show that the locus of a point that divides a chord of slope 2 of the parabola y2 = 4x internally in
the ratio 1 : 2 is a parabola. Find the vertex of this parabola. [1995, 5]
9. Through the vertex O of a parabola y2 = 4x. chords OP and OQ are drawn at right angles to each
other. Show that for all positions of P, PQ cuts the axis of the parabola at a fixed point. Also find
the locus of the middle point of PQ. [1994, 4]
10. Three normals are drawn from the point (c, 0) to the curve y2 = x. Show that c must be greater
than 1/2. One normal is always the x-axis. Find c for which the other two normals are
perpendicular to each other. [1991, 4]
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
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ANSWERS
MATHEMATICS
COORDINATE GEOMETRY
Parabola
Fill in the Blanks
1. 4 2. 2 3. 4 4. ( 1, 0)
MCQSingle Correct
1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B
5. D 6. C 7. A 8. C
9. D 10. C 11. B 12. C
13. C
Comprehension
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. D
MCQMulti Correct
1. A, C, D 2. A, D 3. A, B, D 4. C, D
5. A, D 6. A, B
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
7
Parabola
Integer Type/Fill in the Blanks
1. 4
Image of y = –5 about the line x + y + 4 = 0 is x = 1
Distance AB = 4
2. 2
Equation of normals are x + y = 3 and x y = 3.
Distance from (3, 2) on both normals is ‘r’
323
r
2
r2 = 2.
3. 4
The parabola is x = 2t2, y = 4t
Solving it with the circle we get :
4t4 + 16t2 4t2 16t = 0
t4 + 3t2 4t = 0 t = 0, 1
so, the points P and Q are (0, 0) and (2, 4) which are also diametrically opposite points on the
circle. The focus is S (2, 0).
1
The area of PQS = 2 4 4 .
2
(1, 2) A
4. (–1, 0)
Equation of tangent at A
y 2 = 2((x + 1) (1, 0)
Equation of tangent at B is y(-2) = 2(x + 1)
Point of intersection of tangents x = -1
x + 1 = 0 (directrix of parabola) B
(1, -2)
MCQSingle Correct
1. D
2
y = 16x
2x + y = p … (i)
Equation of chord having mid point (h, k) is T = S1
yk – 8(x + h) = k2 – 16h
yk – 8x = k2 8h … (ii)
Comparing (i) and (ii)
k 8 k 2 8h
1 2 p
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
8
k = 4 and k2 8h = – 4p
16 – 8h = 4p
2h p = 4
Clearly h = 3, p = 2.
(2, 4)
2. D
(–1, 1)
1
Area = 1 4 3 2 15
2
(–1, –1)
(2, –4)
3. C
y2 = 4x and Q will lie on it (h, k) (4h, 4k)
(4k)2 = 4 4h O P Q
y2 = x (replacing h by x and k by y)
(0, 0)
4. B
The circle and the parabola touch each other at
(1, 2)
x = 1 i.e. at the points (1, 2) and (1, – 2) as shown in
the figure.
(3, 0)
(1, 0)
2 2
(1, –2)
5. D
Equation of directrix is x + y = 0.
xy
Hence equation of the parabola is (x 2)2 (y 2)2
2
2
Hence equation of parabola is (x y) = 8(x + y 2).
6. C
1
Equation of tangent is y = mx + . Since it passes through (1, 4)
m
m2 4m + 1 = 0 m1 + m2 = 4, m1m2 = 1 |m1 m2| = 2 3 = .
3
7. A 2
2
From diagram = 45 slope = 1 2 (6, 0)
(4, 0)
8. C
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
9
Let (, ) be the midpoint of the line joining (a, 0) and (at2, 2at) 2 = a(1 + t2) and 2 = 2at
a a a
locus will be y2 = 2a x equation of directrix is x x = 0.
2 2 2
9. D
10. C
1
Let the common tangent be y mx . It should also touch (x –3)2 + y2 = 9
m
1
3m
m 4 2 2 4 1
3 9m + 1 + 6m = 9m + 9m m But m > 0 line is 3 y = x + 3
2
1 m 3
11. B
Any point on y2 = 12x is (3t2, 6t)
m of the normal – t = – 1 t =1 the point is (3, 6) and the normal is x + y = 9.
12. C
8 8 k 8 k
y2 = k x for which the directix is x – = 0 1 (k + 8) ( k – 4) = 0.
k k 4 k 4
13. C
x = t2 + t + 1 ….(1)
y = t2 – t + 1 ….(2)
x y
Adding (1) and (2), x + y = 2t2 + 2 t2 = 1 ….(3)
2
xy
Subtracting (2) from (1), we have x – y = 2t t = ….(4)
2
2
xy xy 2 2
Eliminating t between (iii) and (ii), we get, 1 x – 2xy + y = 2x + 2y – 4
2 2
x2 – 2xy + y2 – 2x – 2y + 4 = 0
Comparing with ax2 + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 Then h = – 1, a = 1 = b
So h2 – ab = 0 the curve is a parabola.
Comprehension
1. D
Slope (QR) = Slope (PK)
2a
2ar
2at 0 t
at 2 2a a
ar 2
t2
1
t t r t2 1
2 r
t 2 1 r 2 t
t2
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
10
2. B
2 x
Tangent at P: ty = x + at or y = at
t
x 2a a
Normal at S: y 3
t t t
2a a
Solving, 2y = at + 3
t t
2
y=
a t2 1
2t 3
3. B
a 2a
Let P at 2 , 2at , Q 2 , as PQ is focal chord
t t
Point of intersection of tangents at P and Q
1
a, a t
t
as point of intersection lies on y = 2x + a
1
a t 2a a
t
2
1 1
t 1 t 5
t t
2
1
length of focal chord = a t = 5a
t
4. D
MCQMulti Correct
y
S(2, 8)
1. A, C, D
2. A, D
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
11
P(at2, 2at) y P(at2, 2at)
16a 8a
Q 2 ,
t t
1 x
OPQ OP OQ
2 0
1 a 4 16
at t 2 4 4 3 2
2 t t2 Q
16a 8a
2
t 3 2t 4 0 2 ,
t t
t 2, 2 2
t2
Hence, P(at2, 2at) = P , t
2
t 2 P 1, 2
t 2 2 P 4, 2 2
3. A, B, D
y2 = 4x
Equation of normal is y = mx – 2m – m3.
It passes through (9, 6)
m3 – 7m + 6 = 0 m = 1, 2, – 3
y – x + 3 = 0, y + 3x – 33 = 0, y – 2x + 12 = 0.
4. C, D
A = t12 , 2t1 , B = t 22 , 2t 2
t2 t2
Centre = 1 2 , t1 t 2
2
t1 + t2 = r
2t t 2 2
m = 21 22 .
t1 t 2 t1 t 2 r
2
P (at , 2at)
5. A, D
G (h, k)
2a at 2 2at
h= ,k= 2 2
3 3 T (at , 0) N (2a, at , 0)
2
3h 2a 9k
a 4a2
required parabola is
9y2 (3x 2a) 3 2a
2
x
4a a a 3
4a 2a
y2 = x
3 3
2a
Vertex , 0 ; Focus (a, 0)
3
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
12
6. A, B
1 2
Equation of tangent to x 2 = y is y = mx m …(1)
4
2 1 2
Equation of tangent to (x 2) = y is y = m(x 2) + m …(2)
4
(1) and (2) are identical. m = 0 or 4
Common tangents are y = 0 and y = 4x 4.
E
4t 2 , 8t
1. A
G F
A(t) = 2t2(3 4t)
1
For max. A(t), t =
2
m=1
1
A t max. sq. units
2
y0 = 4 and y1 = 2
Q m22 , 2m2 (1, 2) , R m23 , 2m3 (1, 2)
1
Area of PQR = 4 1 2 sq. units.
2
QR 4 4 4 5
R
2sin QPR 2 sin(2 tan1 2) 1 4 4 2
2 sin tan 2 5
1 4
5
circumcentre . 0 .
2
Subjective
L
1. 2 A (2, 4)
y2 = 8x = 4.2.x
LPM
2 B(0, 2) P(1/2, 2)
ABC
1 (0, 0) (2, 0)
2 C
2
M
(2, 4)
x=2
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
13
2. (y – 1)2 (x + 1) + 4 = 0
Any point on the parabola is P (1 + t2, 1 + 2t). The equation of the tangent at P is
1
t (y – 1) = x – 1 + t2 which meets the directrix x = 0 at Q 0, 1 t . Let R be (h, k).
t
1
Since it divides QP externally in the ratio : 1 , Q is the mid point of RP
2
h 1 t2
0= or t2 = (h + 1)
2
1 k 1 2t 2 4 2
and 1 + t or t = So that (h 1) 0 Or (k – 1) (h + 1) + 4 = 0.
t 2 1 k (1 k)2
Hence locus is (y – 1)2 (x + 1) + 4 = 0.
3. 2
Let the point P be (h, k) k = mh – 2m – m3 or, m3 + m(2 – h) + k = 0
3
k k k
m1m2m3 = – k m3 = – 2 h k 0 y2 = 2x − 22 + 3
Comparing it with y2 = 4ax, we get 2 = 4 and − 22 + 3 = 0 = 2.
y
1 5 5 1 Q1
4. , and ,
2 4 4 2 2
C1 x =y -1 P L
2
Any point on C1 will be of the form P (t , t + 1) and any Q
point on C2 will be of the form Q (m2 +1, m) P1
Clearly the reflection of P in y= x will be (t2+ 1, t ) O
which lies on C2 and the reflection of Q in y = x will be x
(m, m2 +1) which lies on C1. y=x
Now PP1 and QQ1 are parallel. If L is the point where 2
C2 y =x -1
1
PQ meets the line y = x, PL PP1
2
1
and LQ QQ1 2 PL + 2LQ PP1 + QQ1
2
PQ (PP1 + QQ1)/2Hence PQ min{PP1 , QQ1}. Now
min(PQ) will be equal to min{PP1, QQ1}
PP12 = 2(t – t2 –1)2 = f(t)
f (t) = 4(t – t2 –1) (1 – 2t) = 0
Clearly t= 1/2 is the point of minimum of f(t) .
1 5 5 1
Hence the required points are P0 = , and Q0 , .
2 4 4 2
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
14
2 a
Equation of any tangent to parabola y = 4ax is y = mx + .
m
2
2 2 a2 a a2 1 m2 1
It touches the circle x + y = if
2 m 2
m2 1 .
m 2
2
m = 1.
7. 1:2
A (at12, 2at1) , B (at22, 2at2) , C (at32, 2at3).
Coordinate of P [ at1t2 , a(t1 + t2) ] , Q [ at2t3 , a(t2 + t3) ] , R [ at3t1 , a(t3 + t1) ]
1
ar.(ABC) = [at12 (2at2 – 2at3) + at22 (2at3 – 2at1) + at32 (2at1 – 2at2) ]= a2(t1 – t2)(t2 – t3) (t3 – t1).
2
1 2 ar.(PQR) 1
ar.(PQR) = a (t1 – t2) (t2 – t3) (t3 – t1) = .
2 ar.( ABC) 2
2 8
8. ,
9 9
Let PQ be chord of y2 = 4x with slope 2 and let R(x1 , y1) divide PQ in 1 : 2 .
2
P (t12, 2t1) , Q (t22, 2t2). Slope of PQ = 2 = t1 + t2 = 1 .
t1 t 2
3x1 = 2t22 + t12 and 3y1 = 4t2 + 2t1 ……(1)
2
1 2
Putting t1 = 1 – t2 , we get, 3x1 = 2t22 + (1 – t2)2. x1 = t 2 .
3 9
3
Putting t1 = 1 – t2 in (1), we get, 3y1 = 4t2 + 2(1 – t2). t2 = y1 – 1 ……(2)
2
2 2
3 1 2 8 4 2
putting t2 from (2) in (1), x 1 = y1 1 Hence locus is y x .
2 3 9 9 9 9
2 8
This is a parabola having vertex at , .
9 9
9. y2 = 2x 8
P and Q are ends of chord OP and OQ of parabola. Let P (t12, 2t1) , Q (t22, 2t2).
2t 0 2t 2 0
Slope of OP Slope of OQ = -1 2 . 2 = -1 t1 . t2 = -4. ……(1)
t1 0 t 2 0
2
equation of PQ (y – 2t1) . (t1 + t2) = 2(x – t1 ).
For point where PQ cuts x-axis , putting y = 0 in (1). We get x = 4.
For all positions of P, PQ cuts the axis of the parabola at a fixed point (4, 0).
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS
15
1 2 2 1
Let R(h, k) be middle point of PQ, h (t1 + t2 ). And K (2t1 +2t2) = t1 + t2.
2 2
(t12 + t22) = 2h, t1 + t2 = k locus of (h, k) is y2 = 2x – 8 .
3
10.
4
1 1
Any normal to y2 = x is y = mx m m3 , which passes through (c, 0) so,
2 4
1 1 1 1
0 = mc m m3 m c m 2 0 .
2 4 2 4
Either m = 0 or m 2 = 4c 2. So, one normal must be the x-axis for the other two normals to be
1
real and distinct m2 > 0 c > .
2
3
Two normals are perpendicular if (4c 2) = 1 c = .
4
ARCHIVE-1920-JEE(Advanced)-MATHEMATICS