Specific time content Teaching A.V.

aids evaluation
objective learning
activity
INTRODUCTION
The care provided by nurses must be based on up-to-
date knowledge and research that supports the delivery
of the highest standards of care possible. Nurses are
developing their own professional knowledge base with
strong foundations built on research.
Nurses have a responsibility in some way to contribute
to the development of the profession’s knowledge
through research.
The term ‘research literate’ or ‘research aware’ is used
by many to describe the way that nurses should be in
the 21st century.
This means:
• having the capacity for critical thought
• possessing analytical skills
• having the skills to gain access to relevant research
and evidence
• having a critical understanding of research processes
• being able to read and critically appraise research and
other types of evidence
• having an awareness of ethical issues related to
research.

Nursing professionals largely believe in development

of knowledge from highly structured methods such as
problem solving, scientific methods and research.

NEED FOR NURSING RESEARCH:

Research helps nurses determine effective best practices

and improve patient care. Nurses in an online RN to
BSN program learn to retrieve, read, critique and apply
nursing research. Because new information is always
coming to light, it is crucial that BSN-prepared nurses
know the importance of research. The findings from
peer-reviewed studies can correct old
misunderstandings, pave the way for new treatment
protocols and create new methodology — all of which
improve patient outcomes.
Research also helps nursing respond to changes in the
healthcare environment, patient populations and
government regulations. As researchers make
discoveries, the practice of nursing continues to change.
The information students learn can become quickly
outdated, so being able to keep up with new
developments in nursing helps graduates in their
careers.

Every nurse can benefit from knowing why nursing

research is important, how research is conducted and
how research informs patient care. Bachelor of Science
in Nursing (BSN) programs teach nurses to appreciate
and use research in their everyday careers, compare
findings and read published research.

Information Literacy and Nursing

Information literacy is not the same as the ability to

read, use the computer effectively or use search
engines. This skill goes beyond comprehending the
basics of finding resources. Understanding information
transforms it from knowledge you have into knowledge
you can actually use. As a nurse, you need knowledge
that makes a difference in your practice and helps you
stay current in your field.

Nurses learning to effectively process and use

information from published research can improve their
information literacy. Simply reading study results is of
little help if you do not comprehend what you read.
Nursing schools teach nurses how to interpret data,
compare different studies, process information, critique
results and think critically. Information literacy
empowers nurses to use research in their careers so they
can make meaningful clinical decisions.

Teaching Information Literacy

BSN programs teach nurses to refer to research in

response to problems and questions. To this end, many
nursing schools collaborate with research librarians to
help students become more competent at using
information. Problem-based learning allows students to
use available information resources when they
experience clinical challenges. Practicing these skills in
an academic environment prepares nurses to use
information resources in their own clinical practice.

Evidence-Based Practice

Evidence-based practice requires using research

outcomes to drive clinical decisions and care. Nurses
must base their work on the results of research. Peer-
reviewed, published data that is accepted by the nursing
profession as a whole provides guidance and establishes
best practices in the field. Following the evidence,
wherever it leads, is key to evidence-based practice.
Results must be free of bias, verifiable and reproducible
under the same research conditions. The standards for
good research are high because published research
results are likely to substantially influence the practice
of nursing.

MEANING OF RESEARCH?
The word Research is derived from the French word
“recherche”, which means “to go about seeking”, Old
French term “recerchier” a compound word from “re-”
+ “cerchier” The earliest recorded use of the term was
in 1577. RE – SEARCH The prefix “re” means “again”
and signifies replication of the search. One seeks new
knowledge or to directly utilize knowledge specific to
life situations. DEFINITIONS RESEARCH Webster
(1971), “research is a studious inquiry or examination,
investigation, or experimentation aimed at the
discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of
accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts or
practical applications of such new or revised theories or
laws.
DEFINITION:
” RESEARCH Treece and Treece (1973) stated:
“Research is an attempt to gain solutions to problems. It
is the collection of data in a rigorously controlled
situation for the purpose of prediction or explanation.”
NURSING RESEARCH
Polit and Beck (2004) - systematic inquiry designed to
develop knowledge about issues of importance to the
nursing profession, including nursing practice,
education, administration and informatics.: “Research is
an attempt to gain solutions to problems. It is the
collection of data in a rigorously controlled situation for
the purpose of prediction or explanation.”

DEFINITIONS
NURSING RESEARCH Burns and Grove (2005) -
defined nursing research as a “scientific process that
validates and refines existing knowledge and generates
new knowledge that directly and indirectly influences
clinical nursing practice.
SOURCES OF KNOWLEDGE Customs and tradition
- “we’ve always done it that way”. Assembled
information (e.g., quality improvement data) Scientific
research – the most objective and the source of nursing
knowledge. Trial and error – “if it works, we’ll use it”.
Logical reasoning (inductive & deductive) Experts or
authorities
SCIENTIFIC METHOD Scientific methods are
defined as controlled, systematic investigations that are
rooted in objective reality and that aim to develop
general knowledge about natural phenomena.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SCIENTIFIC
METHODS Based on the above definition, the
characteristics of scientific methods are as follows:
 •They are orderly and systematic processes.
 •Scientists attempt to control external factors that
are not under direct investigation.
 •Their findings are based on the empirical
evidences. •Findings of scientific methods can be
generalized, which means that they can be used
in situations other than the one under study.
 •They are based on assumptions or hypotheses.
 •They are basically conducted to develop or test
theories.
STEPS OF SCIENTIFIC METHOD
The steps of scientific methods depend on the type of
the study, which follows either a qualitative or a
quantitative approach. However, the main steps used in
any scientific method or approach are as follows:
 •Selecting the topic and identifying the problem.
•Defining the objectives of the study.
 •Reviewing the literature from theory and other
related studies.
 •Defining concepts and variables to be studied.
 •Stating hypothesis about expected observations
or phenomenon to be studied.
 •Identifying assumptions and implications.
 •Determining the ethical implication of the
proposed study. •Describing the research design
and methods for data collection.
 •Defining study population and sample.
 •Planning the data analysis and discussion.
 •Collecting data from subjects.
 •Analysing and interpreting data.
 •Communicating findings of the study.
NEED FOR NURSING RESEARCH Nursing
Research helps to:
•Build and expand the body of nursing knowledge,
•Validate and refine the existing nursing practice,
•Make health care efficient and cost-effective.
• To Develop, refine, and extend the scientific base of
knowledge, which is required for quality nursing care,
education, and administration.
• To Enhance the body of professional knowledge in
nursing.
• To Provide foundation for EBN practices.
• To Help in expansion of knowledge, which is
essential for continued growth of nursing profession.
To Enhance their professional identity as research is an
essential component of any profession.
• To Define the parameters of nursing, which will help
nurses to identify boundaries of nursing profession.
• To Refine and eliminate old knowledge so that it
helps in elimination of nursing actions that have no
effect on the achievement of desired client outcomes.
NURSES ROLE IN RESEARCH ANA-1989 BSN
Degree
1. Critiquing & synthesizing research findings from
nursing profession and other discipline for use in
practice.
2. Provide valuable assistance in identifying research
problems and collecting data for studies.
NURSES ROLE IN RESEARCH ANA-1989
Master's Degree
1. To lead health care teams • Making essential changes
in nursing practice • Health care system based on
research
2. Conduct investigations
3. Initial studies in collaboration with other
investigators
4. Facilitate research and provide consultation
NURSES ROLE IN RESEARCH ANA-1989
Doctoral Degree
1. Assume a major role in the conduct of research.
2. Generation of nursing knowledge in a selected area
of interest. • Extend scientific basis • Develop methods
to measure nursing phenomena
NURSES ROLE IN RESEARCH ANA-1989 Post
Doctoral Degree 1. Assumed a full researcher role and
has a funded program of research
2. Develop and coordinate funded research programs

CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD RESEARCH A

Good Research must satisfy the following criteria:
 Orderly and systematic process
 Based on current professional issues
 Begin with clearly defined purposes/objectives
 Emphasize to develop, refine, and expand
professional knowledge
 Directed towards development or testing theories
 Good research is systematic, logical, empirical,
and replicable.
 Finding solution of a problem.
 Dedicated to develop empirical evidence
 Strive to collect first-hand information/ data
 An objective and logical process
 Generate findings to refine and improve
professional practices
 Use of appropriate methodology
 Conducted on representative sample A
 Conducted through appropriate use of methods
and tools of data collection
 Use of valid and reliable data collection tools
 Carefully recorded and reported
 Adequately and appropriately analysed research
 Patiently carried out activity
 Researcher’s expertise, interest, motivation, and
courage
 Adequately communicated.
Summary :
As far as students learned research process,
definitions,and need for research in nursing
education,and steps of research process.
Bibliography:
1. Principles and methods of Nursing
research,polit,wolters Kluwer(india)pvt.ltd
th
publishers,17 edition,pg no.4 to 16.
2. Foundations of nursing research, Rose
marie,Pearson publishers,6th edition,pg no.4 to
20.
3. Nursing research and statistics,suresh k
sharma,elsvier,pgno.4 to 30
4. https://www.slideshare.net/princesspearlsaichild/l
esson-plan-avaids-nursing-education
TEACHER:- Mrs.MARUTI VARALAXMI
TOPIC:- RESEARCH AND RESEARCH PROCESS
UNIT:- 1ST Unit
DEPARTMENT:- Nursing Research and statistics
VENUE:- classroom,Govt.Nursing College,kadapa
DATE:-
TIME:-
GROUP INVOLVED:- B.Sc(N)4th year students
STUDENT’S STRENGTH:- 55students
METHOD OF TEACHING:- Lecture com discussion
A V AIDS USED:- poster , charts, flashcards, pamphlets etc.
 LESSON PLAN ON
RESEARCH AND RESEARCH
PROCESS
PRESENTED BY,
 Mrs.P.Maruti varalaxmi,S/N
OD
sGCON,KADAPA