PIC: Frank Gehry's Walt Disney

Concert Hall in downtown Los Design of Steel

Angeles –stainless steel
structures
Introduction to steel and steel structures, properties of steel,
structural steel sections. Introduction to design: Design loads and
load combinations, limit state design concepts. Connections bolted
and welded ( direct loads)

Module 1 :
Lecture 1 : Steel as a construction material, IS Code
Lecture 2 : Introduction to connections
Lecture 3 : Bolted connection codal provisions
Lecture 4 : Lap and Butt joint problems
Lecture 5 : Efficiency of joints problem
Lecture 6 : Packing plate problem
Lecture 7 : Welded connections
Lecture 8 : Length of weld problems
Lecture 9 : Tie member problems
Lecture 10:Efficiency of weld problems
Lecture 11:Welded connection additional problems

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 Lecture 1
Steel as a construction material
Most commonly used construction
material after concrete

Greater strength , good ductility, and is

easy to fabricate

Affordable for making long span

structures, bridges.

The Beijing National Stadium

42,000 tons of steel
Largest steel structure in the world
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Steel Composition  Wrought Iron = Carbon < 0.10%
 Steel = Carbon 0.10% - 1.1%
 Cast Iron = Carbon > 1.1%

98% 0.1-1.1% rest

Iron Carbon Additional addons

Is the major Based on percentage o Sulphur,
ingredient , in the of carbon, the o Phosphorous,
form of Iron ore strength increases , o Manganese,
ductility decreases o Silicon,
o Nickel,
o Chromium
3
Classification of steel based on carbon
content
0.1-0.25% 0.25-0.6%
Carbon
0.6-1.1%
Carbon
D
Carbon
Carbon

Low carbon Medium carbon High carbon

steel steel steel
Mild steel bars used Hammers or Rails Drilling bits, and  Erected in
in RCC and structural masonry tools 1889, Paris
sections
 324m (same
as 81 storied
NB: The yield strength and hardness increases with carbon content, reduces the
building
ductility and toughness of steel
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tonnes
Stress strain curve- MS

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Classification of steel

01 Reinforcing steel 02 Structural steel

• Designated by their yield stress • Designated by their ultimate
( fy) Fe 250, Fe 500 tensile strength (fu) , Fe 410, Fe
• Reinforcement bars in beams, 540, Fe 570
slabs, columns • Buildings, bridges

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 Steel manufacturing

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Dis-advantages of steel Advantages of steel
Faster to erect, reduce site time
Less fire resistance, at 538 C-
65%, at 871C- 15%
Lighter, Less materials
Skilled labour required handling at site

Economic, high strength to weight ratio,

High cost of construction, Easy to build taller buildings and longer
Maintenance cost is high spans
Rapid and easy Construction
Susceptible to Corrosion and modification.

Has longer life if properly

Strength to weight ratio not protected from rain and fire we
advantageous in compression get 100% scrap value.
member. May fail due to
buckling

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Properties of steel
Mechanical Properties Physical properties

IS 800:2007 – Table 1 page 13 IS 800:2007 – page 12

Yield strength (fy) Specific gravity g= 7.85

Ultimate strength ( fu) Density -7850 kg/m2

Hardness – resistance to abrasion Youngs modulus –2.1 x 105

MPa

Toughness- Resistance to impact Modulus of rigidity- 0.76 x 105

N/mm2

Ductility Poisons ratio – 0.3

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Types of rolled steel sections- Market forms
1.Rolled steel
I sections

7. Rolled steel 2.Rolled

flats and strips steel
Channel
sections

7. Rolled steel Rolled 3. Rolled steel T

sheets steel sections
sections

6. Rolled steel 4. Rolled steel

plates angle sections

5. Rolled steel bars,

( square, round)
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 Analysis and design
• Determination of forces and
design moments on structural
Analysis members due to various loads
and load combinations
• Selection of size and shape of
members
Design • Connections between various
structural members to resist
design loads
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Loads and load combinations
Dead load (IS 875 part 1)
PCC- 24kN/m2
RCC -25 kN/m2
Brick masonry – 20kN/m2
Imposed loads ( IS 875 part 2)
Live loads
Wind load (IS 875 part 3)
Earthquake load ( Is 1893 : 2002)
Load combination (IS 875 part 5)
Design Philosophies
1 Working stress method – stress
based design ( IS 800: 1984)
2 Ultimate strength or plastic
design
3 Limits state design or strength
based design (IS 800: 2007)
12
 Code books

1. IS 800 :2007
Code of practise
IS 800 :2007
for design od
steel structures

3.IS 883 – code of

practise for
timber structures
IS 883 IS 875 part 3

2. IS 875 part 3 –
Code of practise
for Wind loads
NB: Use SP 6: 1964 – for sectional details of sections
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 Summary

Steel Most widely usedc construction maerial after concrete

Advantages Pros and cons

Properties Mechanical and physical properties

Classification Structural steel and reinforcing steel and based on carbon content

Rolled steel Total 10 types

sections

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Steel as a construction material Classification LECTURE 1:

 Most commonly used construction material after concrete  Steel

 Greater strength , good ductility, and is easy to fabricate  Composition
 Affordable for making long span structures, bridges.  Manufacturing
 Classification
Composition  Properties
 Market forms of steel
 Advantages, Disadvantages
Properties  Special considerations
 Loads and load combination
 Analysis & Design

Steel manufacturing TCT: NITIN : DSS

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