GROUP 4

TIANA LESTARI
SUPARMI
DWI WARAS WIDAYANTI
IMAM SUDARSO
AGUSTIN DIAH SETYOWATI
UNGGUL WIDAGDO
MAULINA MARHABI YANI

PLATELETS
01
 PLATELETS
❖ Platelet are smalllest blood cells,
colourless, nonnucleated, round or
oval, flattened, disk- shaped structures

❖ Platelets, also called thrombocytes

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❖ Platelets are produced in the bone marrow

❖ Platelets are produced from very large bone

marrow cells called megakaryocytes

❖ Platelets have no cell nucleus. 2–3 µm in greatest

diameter

❖ As megakaryocytes develop into giant cells, that

results in the release of over 1,000 to 3000
platelets per megakaryocyte

❖ Megakaryocyte and platelet production is

regulated by thrombopoietin, a hormone in the
kidneys and liver.
❖ Platelet Count can be determined by improved Neubauer’s counting
chamber with RBC pipette & 1% ammonium oxalate.
❖ They can be seen as tiny diameter, well seprated, highly refractile
rounded bodies with silvery appearance
❖ Leishman stain : in clumps, blue cytoplasm, red
❖ Each megakaryocyte produces between 1,000 and 3,000 platelets
during its lifetime.
❖ An average of 1011 platelets are produced daily in a healthy adult.
❖ average life span of circulating platelets is 8 to 9 days
❖ In adults 1.5 -4 lakhs/mm3 of blood.
▪mediators such as factor V, factor VIII,
fibrinogen, fibronectin, platelet-
❖ On a stained blood smear, platelets appear as
dark purple spots.
derived growth factor, and
chemotactic agents. Delta granules, or ❖ First, platelets attach to substances outside
dense bodies, contain ADP, calcium,
serotonin, which are platelet- endothelium
activating mediators
❖ Second, they change shape, turn on receptors
and secrete chemical messengers
❖Platelets have d-granules that ❖ Third, they connect to each other through
contain serotonin, adenosine receptor bridges.
diphosphate (ADP), and Ca2
 FUNCTION
➢contribute
The main function of platelets is to
to hemostasis: the process of
➢ Hemostatic plug is formed by
stopping (arrest) bleeding endothelium platelet and is their primary
function.(stops bleeding)

➢Phagocytosis of small particles ➢ Platelet have growth factor repair

(carbon)and (viruses) organisms
of the damaged vassel wall.

➢platelet provided factor 3 (platelet ➢ Storage and transport (Serotonin )of

chmicals. (Heparin)
phospholipids ) process of clotting
blood

➢ Serotonin released by platelet observed

immediately after vascular injury
ACTIVATION ➢ Platelet activation causes
its membrane surface to
become negatively
charged that negatively
charged phospholipids
from the inner to the outer
platelet membrane surface

➢ These phospholipids then

bind the tenase and
prothrombinase complexes,
two of the sites of interplay
between platelets and the
coagulation

➢ Calcium ions are essential

for the binding of these
coagulation factors.
 Increased Decreased
Numbers Of Platelets Numbers Of Platelets
Thrombocytosis Thrombocytopenia
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