Erbil Polytechnic University

Erbil Technology College

ICT Department

VS. &Networking Lab-2

ASP.NET releases
history
Objectives
 Network Tools
 Structured Cabling
 Practical cable testing
 Working
 Network tools

Stripper Crimper Punch Down Tool

Tester RJ-45 connector protector

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 Faceplates
• Patch panel
• Network RJ45 Socket
Provide network connectivity to the Hosts
through a Patch Cord

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 Network Cabling

• Twisted Pair (UTP/ STP/ SFTP)

• Fiber Optic Cable

• Coaxial Cable (TV , Satellite cable)

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 STP & UTP & SFTPCable
• Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)

• Shielded twisted pair (STP)

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 STP & UTP & SFTPCable
• Shielded foiled Twisted pair (SFTP)

• Patch cable

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 Categories of twisted pair

Category Speed Frequency Use

Cat 1 1Mbps 0.4MHz Telephone
Cat 2 4Mbps 4MHz Telephone
Cat 3 16Mbps 16MHz 10BaseT Ethernet
Cat 4 20Mbps 20MHz Token Ring
100Mbps 100MHz 100BaseT Ethernet
Cat 5
1Gbps 100MHz Gigabit Ethernet
Cat 5e 1Gbps 100MHz Gigabit Ethernet
Cat 6 10Gbps 250MHz 10Gigabit Ethernet
Cat 6a 10Gbps 500MHz 10Gigabit Ethernet
Cat 7 10Gbps 600MHz 10Gigabit Ethernet
Cat 7a 10Gbps 1000MHz 10Gigabit Ethernet

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 Cable - Straight

Using Straight :
Connect PC with Hub Connect PC with Switch
Connect Router with Switch Connect Router with Hub

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 Cable - Crossover
A Crossover Ethernet cable is to wire one end using the
T-568A standard and the other end using the T-568B
standard.

Using Crossover:
Connect two hubs together Connect two Switch together
Connect two Router together Connect Hub with Switch

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 Cable Standerds
 Code color
By looking at a T-568A UTP Ethernet straight-thru cable and an
Ethernet crossover cable with a T-568B end, we see that the TX
(transmitter) pins are connected to the corresponding RX
(receiver) pins, plus to plus and minus to minus. You can also see
that both the blue and brown wire pairs on pins 4, 5, 7, and 8 are
not used in either standard.

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 Cable Standards
(POE) / Giga Ethernet
• Straight
• Data Tx: 1 & 1
• Data Tx: 2 & 2
• Data Rx: 3 & 3
• Data Rx: 6 & 6
• Crossover
• Data Tx: 1 & 3
• Data Tx: 2 & 6
• Data Rx: 3 & 1
• Data Rx: 6 & 2
• PoE +VDC: 4 & 5
• PoE -VDC: 7 & 8
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 Making connections - Steps

1. Strip cable end

2. Untwist wire ends
3. Arrange wires
4. Trim wires to size
5. Attach connector
6. Check
7. Crimp
8. Test

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 Making connections - Steps
1. Strip cable end

2. Untwist wire ends

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 Making connections - Steps
3. Arrange wires
T-568B: OW-O GW-Bl BlW-G BrW-Br

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 Making connections - Steps
4. Trim wires to size

5. Attach connector

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 Making connections - Steps
6. Check

7. Crimp

8. Testing

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 Making connections - Steps
Socket

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 Fiber Optic
 What are Fiber Optics?
Fiber optics (optical fibers) are long, thin strands of very pure glass about the
diameter of a human hair. They are arranged in bundles called optical cables and
used to transmit light signals over long distances.

If you look closely at a single optical fiber, you will see that it has the following
parts:
 Core - Thin glass center of the fiber where the light travels
 Cladding - Outer optical material surrounding the core that reflects the light
back into the core
 Buffer coating - Plastic coating that protects the fiber from damage and
moisture
Hundreds or thousands of these optical fibers are arranged in bundles in optical
cables. The bundles are protected by the cable's outer covering, called a jacket.

 Optical fibers come in two types:

 Single-mode fibers
 Multi-mode fibers

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 Fiber Optic
 Characteristics of Multi-Mode:
- Larger core diameter, usually 50 – 100 Micrometers, (62.5 most common)
- Cladding diameter, 125 microns.
- Widely used cable in LAN networks today
- Easier to terminate
- Transmitters and receivers are more economical
- Used at shorter distances
 Characteristics of Single-Mode:
- Small core diameter, 8 to 12 microns
- Cladding diameter, 125 microns.
- Widely used cable in WAN networks today
- More difficult to terminate
- Transmitters and receivers are more expensive
- Typically used over long distances

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 Fiber Optic
Fiber Patch cable Fiber Patch Panel

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Fiber Optic
transceiver
Transceiver
(Converter)

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