CENTRAL THEMES

 Subject pronouns.

 Possessive adjectives.

 Greeting, introduction and leave – takings

 Introduce yourself.

 Yes/no questions and short answers with be.

 Wh-questions and statements with be.

Questions with what, where, who and how.
 SUBJECT PRONOUNS
The English subject pronouns are: I, you, he, she, it, we they. (Of course, we use ‘you’ when
we’re talking to one person and when we’re talking to more than one person.)

We use these pronouns when they are the subject of a verb.

• I like London.
• You have eaten the chocolate.
• He plays football.
• She hates mushrooms.
• It was cold.
• We are French.
• They are going home
 SUBJECT PRONOUNS
Let’s practice!

1. _______
She My mother They Lucas and Lea
11. _______
2. _______
He Daniel 12. _______
She Alicia
3. _______
They Your friends 13. _______
He Your father
4. _______
It Their car 14. _______
It Our house
5. _______
She Sue 15. _______
She My niece
He
6. _______ Mr. Anderson 16. _______
He His uncle
It
7. _______ My bag We My cousin and I
17. _______
8. _______
She Her aunt They Their students
18. _______
9. _______
He His nephew We
19. _______ My friend and I
10. _______
He His grandfather They His shoes
20. _______
 SUBJECT PRONOUNS
My family

I am nine years old. (Mary Elizabeth)

1. Hi! My name is Mary Elizabeth. ____
She is wearing an orange skirt. (Andrea)
2. My mother's name is Andrea. ____
He is an engineer and his name is Anthony. (Anthony)
3. My dad wears glasses. ____
He is seven years old. (Sammy) Grandparents)
4. Sammy is my brother. ____
It is a big dog.
5.Our dog is a Labrador. ____
6. ____
We live in South Carolina. (Mary Elizabeth, Sammy and their parents)
they often visit us. (My grandparents)
7. My grandparents live in Florida but ____
It is not very far from South Carolina. (Florida)
8. ____
We love when our grandparents came to visit us!
9. ____
10. My grandparents are visiting us. They
____ are very nice.
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
We use possessive adjectives:

• to show something belongs to somebody:

That's our house.
My car is very old.

•for relations and friends:

My mother is a doctor.
How old is your sister?

•for parts of the body:

He's broken his arm.
She's washing her hair.
I need to clean my teeth.
 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
More examples of possessive adjectives:

•He has a pillow. My, Your, His, Her, Its,

His pillow is soft. Our, Your, Their …
these are Possessive
•She has a dog. Adjectives.
Her dog is small.

•It has a bone. Its vs. It’s Your vs. You’re

Its bone is old.
Do not confuse IT’S with ITS. Do not confuse YOU’RE with
•We have a bird. It’s = a contraction of it is. YOUR.
Our bird is noisy. It’s hot today = It is hot today. You’re = a contraction of you are.
Its = the possessive You’re intelligent = You
•You have a house. adjective for it. are intelligent.
Your house is big. The cat is eating its food. Your = the possessive
It’s not my food. adjective for you.
•They have a car. It is its food. I like YOUR dress.
Their car is slow. It is not my dress.
It is YOUR dress.
 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
Let’s practice!
Fill in my, your, his, her, its, our, their.
my watch.
1. I don't know the time because I can't find ________
His name is Ben Scott.
2. What's the boy's name? ________
Her cat is very lively.
3. Debbie has got a cat. _______
Its
4. The dog is very cute. ________ name is Ben.
Our school is very nice.
5. We are at school. ________
My laptop is white.
6. I have a new laptop. ________
my friends are from Seattle, too.
7. I'm from Seattle. Most of ________
Its
8. The rabbit is white. ________ cage is in the garden.
Their school is in the city centre.
9. Sandra and Jenny are friends. ________
Their car is blue.
10. The Millers have a new car. ________
 GREETING, INTRODUCTION
AND LEAVE - TAKINGS
Greetings:
Useful expressions to respond greetings
Good Morning
 Good Morning Guys  It is good to see you or good to see you
 Good Afternoon  Great
 Good Night  Fine
 Good Evening  Nothing
 Hi /Hello  Good
 How are you?  Not bad
 How are you doing?  Pretty good
 How is it going?  Not Good
 Hey, [Name of the person]  Not much (It can be used to respond to
 Hey , What's up ( You can say "What up" what' s up or what's going on?)
or say "what's up"
 Hey, Guys (Guys is gender neutral)
 Hey , What's going on?
 What's the new?
 GREETING, INTRODUCTION
AND LEAVE - TAKINGS
Useful expressions for introductions

 What's your name? My name is [Your name here]

 This is [name of a friend]
 I am [ [name of a friend] Leave- takings
 I am happy to meet you
 Nice to see you again  Bye /Good-Bye
 Excuse me  See you
 Thanks/Thank you  See You later / Later
 Please  See you tomorrow
 Nice/good to meet you  See you in a few (In a few means in a
 Nice meeting you too few minutes or hours)
 I am from [place, school ]  See you around
 Take care
GREETING, INTRODUCTION
AND LEAVE - TAKINGS
 INTRODUCE YOURSELF
Hi, my name is ___________________
I’m from ____________________ (country)
I live in __________________ (city)
I am __________ years old.
My birthday is on __________________
I’m a student at ___________________
My favorite subject is _________________
My favorite sport is ____________________
There are __________ people in my family.
They are ______________________________________________________.
My father is a ___________________ and mother a _________________.
I would like to be ____________________ because _____________________.
My hobbies are ____________________________.
In my free time, I also like __________________________________.
I don’t like ___________________________________.
My favorite food is ____________________________.
My favorite drink is ____________________________.
My favorite day of the week is _________________ because ______________.
My favorite moth is ________________ because ____________________.
My favorite singer (or band) is _____________________________.
I like ________________________ (movies).
My favorite place is ________________. I like it because __________________.
I like (don’t like) travelling. I have been to __________________________.
The most beautiful place in my country is ___________________________.
I study English because ______________________________________.
INTRODUCE YOURSELF
VERB TO BE

The verb to be is the

most irregular verb in
the English language. It
is normally a linking
verb showing existence
or the condition of the
subject.
 VERB TO BE
TO BE - AFFIRMATIVE
Subject To Be Examples
I am I am from New Zealand.
You are You are Chilean. TO BE - CONTRACTIONS
Contractions of To Be are very frequent when we are speaking.
He is He is twenty years old.
She is She is a nurse. To Be Contraction Examples
It is It is a big dog. I am I'm I'm from New Zealand.
We are We are intelligent. You are You're You're Chilean.
You are You are students. He is He's He's twenty years old.
They are They are married. She is She's She's a nurse.
It is It's It's a big dog.
We are We're We're intelligent.
You are You're You're students.
They are They're They're married.
 VERB TO BE
TO BE - NEGATIVE SENTENCES TO BE - QUESTIONS
There are two ways of forming contractions of To Be in negative sentences. One is
To create questions with To Be, you put the Verb before the Subject.
with a contraction of the subject and the verb (e.g. I am = I'm) OR a contraction of
the verb and not (e.g. are not = aren't)
Affirmative You are happy.
I'm not from Spain. --- --------------* Subject Verb
You're not Australian. OR You aren't Australian.
He's not thirty years old. OR He isn't thirty years old. Question Are you happy?
She's not a secretary. OR She isn't a secretary. Verb Subject
It's not a small cat. OR It isn't a small cat.
Affirmative Question
We're not stupid. OR We aren't stupid.
You're not teachers. OR You aren't teachers. I am intelligent. Am I intelligent?
They're not single. OR They aren't single. You are a student. Are you a student?
He is a pilot. Is he a pilot?
She is from Spain. Is she from Spain?
It is a big house. Is it a big house?
We are ready. Are we ready?
You are doctors. Are you doctors?
They are rich. Are they rich?
 VERB TO BE
TO BE - SHORT ANSWERS
In spoken English, we usually give short answers in response to questions.

Are you a student? - Yes, I am (a student). The last part (a student) is not necessary. We use shorts answers to avoid repetition, when the meaning is clear.

Question Short Answers** Short Answers

Am I intelligent? Yes, you are. No, you aren't.
Are you a student? Yes, I am. No, I am not. ** With To Be, We don't use contractions
Is he a pilot? Yes, he is. No, he isn't. in affirmative short answers unless there is
Is she from Spain? Yes, she is. No, she isn't. additional information after it (in which
Is it a big house? Yes, it is. No, it isn't. case they are no longer considered short
answers).
Are we ready? Yes, we are. No, we aren't.
Are you doctors? Yes, we are. No, we aren't.
Are they rich? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.
 VERB TO BE
Let’s practice!
1. It ……………. is an onion. (+) Fill in the blanks using “AM, IS, ARE, AM NOT, ISN’T, AREN’T”:
2. İzmir ………….. is a city. (+)
isn’t a student. (-) 1. Germany, England, and Spain ………… are cities.
3. Jasmine ………..
is a postman. (+) 2. A lemon ……….. isn’t sweet. It …….. is sour.
4. He ………
are 3. Copper ……….. is cheap. Diamonds ………… are expensive.
5. We ……….friends. (+)
6. It ……….is nine o’clock. (+) 4. Airplanes aren’t
…….. slow. They ………. are fast.
am not hungry. (-) 5. Ice cream and candy …….. are sweet.
7. I ……….
isn’t an island. (-) 6. Today ……… isn’t cloudy. It …….. is bright.
8. Manhattan ………….
is
9. Mark ............. 20 years old. (+) 7. My brother ……… isn’t married. He …… is single.
10. Mr. Richards …… is a lawyer. (+) 8. I am
……… not from Turkey. I ……..am from Canada.
isn’t a big insect. (-) 9. Maths ……… isn’t hard. It ……….. is easy.
11. A bee ………..
am am not happy. (+ / -) 10. Mariah …….. is a beautiful girl. She ………isn’t ugly.
12. I ………..ill. I ………….
13. Newsweek ………… is a magazine. (+)
14. London ……….. is a big city. (+)
am not
15. I …………. a professional football player. (-)
16. Dave and Adrian ………… aren’t sisters. They ……..
are brothers. (- / +)
17. I know you. You ……. are in my class. (+)
18. New York ………. is near to New Jersey. (+)
19. Cows ………aren’t insects. They ……. are mammals. (- / +)
20. Susan and I ………..aren’t teachers. We ……….. are students. (- / +)
 WH – QUESTIONS WITH TO BE

WHAT Use What to ask about things: What’s in your bag?

WHERE Use Where to ask about places: Where’s your friend from?

WHO Use Who to ask about people: Who’s your teacher?

Use What… like to ask for a description:

WHAT… LIKE What’s your friend like?
 WH – QUESTIONS WITH TO BE
Match the questions with the answers.
1. Who’s that? _____
f a. They’re really nice.
e
2. Where’s your teacher? _____ b. She’s from Japan.
3. What are your friends like? _____
a c. They’re my brother and sister.
4. Where’s she from? _____
b d. His name is Carlos.
c
5. Who are they? _____ e. He’s in class.
d
6. What’s his name? _____ f. That’s our new classmate.

Look at the answer. What are the questions?

Jim: What’s your first name? Bob: My first name’s Bob.

Jim: What ______________________________
is your last name? Bob: My last name’s Hayes.
Jim: Who ______________________________
is that woman (or she)? Bob: That’s my wife.
Jim: What _____________________________
is her name? Bob: Her name is Rosa.
Jim: Where _____________________________
is she from? Bob: She’s from Mexico.
Jim: Who ______________________________
are they? Bob: They’re my wife’s parents.
Practicing grammar

Change these sentences into Yes/No questions. Change the subject pronoun as needed.
1. I’m 10 years old. Are you 10 years old?
2. You’re my friend. Am I your friend?
3. Our teacher is nice. Is your teacher nice?
4. English is easy. Is English easy?
5. Our classmates are cool. Are your classmates cool?
6. I’m happy. Are you happy?

Practice

Look at the answers. Write the question for each answer. Use a question mark.
1. A: What’s your name?
B: Sophia. Sophia Garcia.
LET’S PRACTICE
2. A: Who is your favorite singer?
B: Christina Aguilera. She’s a great singer.
3. A: How old are you?
B: I’m 12.
4. A: Are you OK?
B: Yes, I’m OK.

Discovering grammar

Look at the grammar chart. Circle the correct answers.

1. Use the question word (Who / What) to ask a person’s name.
2. Use the question word(s) (What / How old) to ask about a person’s age.
3. (What’s / Whats’) is the contraction of What is.