Let the coordinates of A= (0, a)

y-intercept = a
. y-intercept
Gradient= - x-intercept
a
-5=-10
a= -5 X (-10)
=50
Hence, the coordinates of A is (0, 50).
":Problem solving. . .

0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 xhours

(a) Gradient= - 120 k m ~ Gradient= y-intercept ·:

8h : x-mtercept :
~----------------------1
=-15 km/h
(b) After 8 hours.
 <3l3

(a) Gradient of line .MN (b) Gradient ofline .MK= : ,· •· ............. .

=-
11 -2
--
r····· y -y
Gradient= - 2 - 1 x- 2 _.2_ ........J Gradient=y2 -y1 :
10-2 :. _______________
x2-x,_ 5- 2- 8 ! x2-x, !
.. _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - __ 1

8(x - 2) = 9(5 - 2)
=s
9
8x-16 = 9(3)
8x = 27 + 16
8x=43
x=-
43
8
3
=5-
8
Problem solving
4
(a) Gradient of PQ = 2 = 2 _ ____,;,, ___________________________
Gradient= Ve~cal dis!-111ce ,:
Honzontal distance ,

Gradient of PR = 1..
6
= l_ _____,;·Gradient= Ve~cal dis!ance ·:
3 ,, ___________________________
Horizontal distance :
,

2> 1, therefore the value of gradient ofline PQ is greater than the line PR.
(b) The steepness of PQ > PR.
t Problem ~~lvirjg: ·. ··._..
(a) Line RS is parallel to the y-axis. Point Sis 10 units distance from 0.
Thus, the x-coordinate of R = 10.
Line QR is parallel to the x-axis. Point Q is 4 units distance from 0.
Thus, they-coordinate of R = 4.
:. Coordinates of R = (10, 4)
(b) (i) P(0, 2) and R(lO, 4) (ii) P(0, 2) and S(IO, 0)
Gradient of line PR Gradient of line PS
4-2
=- - ..__,::, _______________
1 -, 0-2 : Gradient= 1- 2--,1 ':,
10- 0
Gradient=~
x2-x1_ =- -·
10 - 0 :, ________________
x2 - x1 ,:
1 - 1 _ __,• Straight line with a negative ':
=5 --5 :, ________________________
gradient inclines to the left. :
,
· Problem so~ving · .
(a) The point R from Q is 6 units distance through the x-axis.
: . The x-intercept for the straight line PR = -4 + (-6) = -10.
(b) R(-10, 0) andS(l0, 10)
r---di-.- --~--J-irit~;~~pt':__~ _ y-intercept = 10 - 0 :G di y2 -y1
:,~~- _ ~- _-~:~~:r_c:~~ _,: -10 10 - (-10) ra ent = x2 -x1
10
~----------------
y-mtercept=
. x 10
20
y-intercept = 5
(c) The point T from O is 6 µnits distance through the x-axis.
Thus, T(6, 0) and S(l0, 10).
Gradient of line TS= l0-0 Gradient=Y2 : 1 , ':
10- 6 : xi x1:
, ............ -----·---~
5
=2
(a) Gradient of AB= 0 (b) Gradient of AB = oo ~---{~~~:~:{:
n-2_
- - - 0 ~_fGra dient-Y2-Y1
- - - ':,
3 - (-2) _
00
,.------------=:-··.
12 11
4-1 :. _-- . ------ ~-~:
---- -_, 1 -p - :
Gradient=
~-~:
:
. _--- - - - -- - - - ---_,,
When the gradient is 0, the value of When the gradient is undefined, the
Yi -Yi is 0. value of x2 - x 1 is 0.
n-2=0 I-p=0
n=2 p=I