Name: ATEM MANYOK ATEM

EXPERIMENTAL REPORT

Aim: Investigating how the rate of reaction is affected by changing the

concentration of Sodium thiosulfate.

Reaction: when sodium thiosulfate reacts with hydrochloric acid, sulfur is

produced. The sulfur forms in very small particles and causes the solution to
cloud over and turn a yellow colour. This causes the drawn cross to fade and
eventually disappear.

Sodium thiosulfate + hydrochloric acid →sulfur + sodium chloride + sulfur dioxide

+ water
Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → S(s) + 2NaCl(aq) + SO2(g) + H2O(l)

Prediction: the higher the concentration of sodium thiosulfate, the faster the rate
of reaction and the less time it takes to reach the equilibrium.

Scientific reasons for the prediction: the higher the concentration, the faster
the reaction. This is because the more the sodium thiosulfate molecules, the
more frequent collisions hence final products are produced in a short time. So the
phenomenon here is the collision theory.

Hypothesis: the higher the concentration, the faster the rate of reaction and the
less time taken to reach the equilibrium. A more diluted concentration has a
slower reaction and a long time it takes to reach the equilibrium.

Method;
materials used
➢ Conical flasks
➢ Beakers
➢ Measuring cylinders
➢ A piece of white paper
➢ Permanent marker
➢ Stopwatch
➢ Stirring rods

1
 ➢ distilled water
➢ Hydrochloric acid
➢ Sodium thiosulfate

procedure
➢ Using a weighing balance, a certain mass of sodium thiosulfate is
measured and added to 200cm3 of water in a beaker.
➢ Then pour 50cm3, 40cm3, 30cm3, 20cm3 and 10cm3 of solution into five
identical conical flasks. Label the flasks to know their different
concentrations.
➢ A beaker is filled with distilled water.
➢ Using a measuring cylinder, different volumes of water are added to the
other four flasks to make each of the solutions up to 50cm3.
➢ A clear cross is drawn on a piece of paper. 5cm3 of hydrochloric acid is
measured out and added to one of the flasks placed on a cross drawn (
one at a time) and immediately stir the solution. The stopwatch is started at
the same time.
➢ The time taken for the cross to disappear is measured. The process is
repeated for the other flasks and the results are recorded below.

flask time(s) The volume The volume of Rate of

of water reaction(1
Na2S2O3(cm ) added(cm3)
3
/t)
1 50 0

2 40 10

3 30 20

4 20 30
5 10 40

The rate of reaction is got by dividing 1 by the time taken for a cross to
disappear;
 Rate of reaction=1/t
The number of moles of Na2S2O3, n=m/M

A graph of the concentration against time:

Evaluation: this method is fairly good because it gives the results expected from
the experiment owing to the fact that there are slight experimental errors like bad
timing, unclean equipment and other uncontrollable environmental factors such
as temperature, light, etc

Conclusion: As the results of the experiment prove the hypothesis, it’s noted
that the rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of sodium
thiosulfate.