) Orrsraerec tka J, Ve r Nem Osetia — Ps ee msPOKENATOMY An Unofficial Guide to the Science ef Pokémon This book was written and illustrated by Christopher Stoll With professional editing, research, and writing assistance by Christina Crewe Ryan Stoll & Tori Edwards Cover illustration by Aaron Hain Special thanks to my parents Scott and Myra Stoll for putting up with their eldest son's Pokémon card collection and love of lizards All Rights Reserved Copyright © 2017 This book is not authorized, sponsored, endorsed, or licensed by Nintendo of America Ane. The Trademark Pokémon is owned by Nintendo of America Ine. and all trademarks mentioned in this book are the property of their respective companies and used for educational and identification purposes only.INTRODUCTION This book's content is based upon real animal anatomy, behavioral biology, and scientific principals. However, it is intended primarily to entertain and inspire. Many of these Pokémon are only vague approximations of real organisms, some bear combinations of traits that do not occur anywhere in the natural world, and a few have abilities that strain the possibilites of our scientific understanding. Itis the duty of this book's bearer to question and to explore. To use these incredible monsters as a lens through which to appreciate the beauty, complexity, and uniqueness of real organisms. The world is full of nameless things, and mysteries yet unanswered, Go now, and learn all that you can.Bulbasaur Tvysaur Venusaur pg. 1 pg. 3 pg. 5 Charmander pg. 7 Charmeleon pg. 9 Charizard Squirtle Wartortle Blastoise Caterpie Metapod Butterfree Weedle Kakuna Beedrill Pidgey Pidgeotto Pidgeot Rattata Raticate Spearow Fearow Ekans Arbok Pikachu Raichu pg. i pg. 13 pg. 15 pg. 17 pg. 19 pg. 21 pg. 23 pg. 25 Pg. 27 Pg. 29 pg. 31 Pg. 33 pg. 35 pg. 37 Pg. 39 pg. 4 pg. pg. 45 pg. 47 pg. 49 pg. 51 INDEX Sandshrew pg. 53 | Persian _pg. 105 Sandslash pg. 55 | Psyduck pg. 107 Nidoran Q pg. 57 \Golduck pg. 109 Nidorina pg. 59 |Mankey pg. Ill Nidoqueen pg. 61 |Primeape pg. U3 Nidoran & pg. 8 |Growlithe pg. 15 Nidorino pg. 65 | Arcanine pg. 117 Nidoking pg. 67 | Poliwag pg. 19 Clefairy pg. 69 | Poliwhirl pg. 121 Clefable pg. 71 | Poliwrath pg. 123 Vulpix pg. 73 | Abra pg. 125 Ninetales pg. 75 |Kadabra pg. 127 Jigglypuff pg. 77 | Alakazam pg. 129 Wigglytuff pg. 79 |Machop _ pg. 131 Zubat pg. 81 |Machoke _ pg. 133 Golbat pg. 8 |Machamp pg. 135 Oddish pg. 85 | Bellsprout pg. 137 Gloom pg. 87 | Weepinbell pg. 139 Vileplume pg. 89 | Victreebel pg. 141 Paras pg. 9 \Tentacool pg. 143 Parasect pg. 93 | Tentacruel pg. 145 Venonat pg. 95 |\Geodude pg. 147 Venomoth pg. 97 \Graveler pg. 149 Diglett pg. 9 | Golem pg. 151 Dugtrio pg. 101| Ponyta pg. 153 Meowth pg. 103Rapidash Slowpoke Slowbro Magneniite Magneton Farfetch'd Doduo Dodrio Seel Dewgong Grimer Muk Shelider Cloyster Gastly Haunter Gengar Onix Drowzee Hypno Krabby Kingler Voltorb Electrode Exeggcute pg. 155 pg. 157 pg. 159 pg. 161 pg. 163 pg. 165 pg. 167 pg. 169 pg. 171 pg. 173 pg. 175 pg. 177 pg. 179 pg. 181 pg. 183 pg. 185 pg. 187 pg. 189 pg. 191 pg. 193 pg. 195 pg. 197 pg. 199 pg. 201 pg. 203 INDEX Exeggutor pg. 205 Cubone pg. 207 Marowak pg. 209 Hitmonlee pg. 211 Hitmonchan pg. 213 Lickitung pg. 215 Koffing pg. 217 Weezing pg. 219 Rhyhorn pg. 221 Rhydon Pg. 223 Chansey _ pg. 225 Tangela Pg. 227 Kangaskhan pg. 229 Horsea pg. 231 Seadra pg. 233 Goldeen pg. 235 Seaking pg. 237 Staryu Pg. 239 Starmie pg. 241 Mr. Mime pg. 243 Scyther pg. 245 Jynx pg. 247 Electabuzz pg. 249 Magmar pg. 251 Pinsir pg. 253 Tauros pg. 255 Magikarp pg. 257 Gyarados pg. 259 Lapras pg. 261 Ditto pg. 263 Eevee Pg. 265 Vaporeon pg. 267 Jolteon pg. 269 Flareon pg. 271 Porygon pg. 273 Omanyte pg. 275 Omastar pg. 277 Kabuto pg. 279 Kabutops pg. 281 Aerodactyl pg. 283 Snorlax pg. 285 Articuno pg. 287 Zapdos _ pg. 289 Moltres pg. 291 Dratini _— pg. 293 Dragonair pg. 295 Dragonite pg. 297 Mewtwo pg. 299 Mew pg. 301 Togepi Dg. 303POKEMON EGGS OVERVIEW Ani egg is an organic vessel in which a Pokémon embryo develops until it can survive on its own, at which point the organism hatches. Most Pokémon eggs are surrounded by a dry, rigid protective shell, though some aquatic species lay eggs wrapped in a jelly- like sheath. Eggs laid on land or in nests are usually tended to by the parent Pokémon while the embryo grows. Typically, this means keeping the developing young warm and protected from predators and parasites. When the embryo is fully developed, it hatches, breaking through the egg's shell. Some Pokémon have a temporary egg tooth which is necessary to break free. GENERAL Pokémon are varied organisms, with very few unifying biological principles that apply to all known species. Some Pokémon undergo evolution during their life span and conspicuously change their body structure, diet, disposition, and even their number of. limbs. Some do not. Some Pokémon possess spines and internal, calcium- based skeletons. Some do not. Some are heterotrophs, and ingest other organisms for sustenance. Some do not. However, one of the few, near- universal biological truths of Pokémon is that they lay eggs of some kind during their lifetime. Only humans, and a handful of extreme Pokémon like Gastly (pg. 183), Grimer (pg. 175), and Voltorb (pg. 199) reproduce in other ways. OBSERVATIONS The size and shape of Pokémon eggs vary considerably across species. Snorlax (pg. 285) have the largest of all Pokémon eggs at almost 30 cm in diameter, while some Pokémon eggs, like Clefairy's, (pg. 69) are so small that they cannot be seen by the naked eye. Typically a Pokémon's egg is well suited to its environment. Pokémon that nest in the open or on high cliffs like Charizard (pg. LI) often have more cylindrical eggs. They are less likely to roll away, and will only spin in small circles if pushed. In contrast, many Pokémon that dig, burrow, or construct nests like Slowpoke (pg. 157) have more spherical eggs. VALUE Eggs require a great deal of metabolic energy to produce, and are a valuable source of nutrition. Some Pokémon like Cubone (pg. 207) feed almost exclusively upon them. These organisms are known as "ovivores" and raid the nests of other Pokémon, killing or chasing away the parents to get the eggs. Humans have eaten Pokémon eggs for thousands of years, and even today they form a staple of diets around the world. The most popular are Chansey (pg. 225), Psyduck (pg. 107), and Magikarp (pg. 257) eggs, though the vast majority of Pokémon eggs are fully edible.PHYSIOLOGY Pokémon eggs are comprised of several main components. The shell is the protective outer layer, and composed almost entirely from calcium carbonate. This surface is semipermeable, and covered with thousands of tiny pores which allow air and moisture to pass through. The egg white is known as the albumen, and composed of dozens of specific proteins. This serves to protect the yolk and provide additional nutrition late in development. The yolk is a spherical yellow node, and contains the majority of the egg's fat, protein, vitamins and minerals. This nourishes the developing embryo as it grows. Finally, there is the Pokémon embryo itself which grows to fill the entirety of the egg's interior before hatching.1. Psyduck 3. Squirtle 5. Paras 7. Sandshrew 9. Snorlax 2.Magikarp 4. Oddish_ 6. Pikachu 8. Charmander _—_ 10. Weedle11. Togepi ‘13. Lapras 15. Doduo 17. Jigglypuff 19. Spearow 12, Bulbasaur 14, Electabuzz 16. Seel 18. Dratini- 20. MankeyOVERVIEW Evolution is the general term used to describe a sudden and conspicuous biological change in an individual Pokémon. Evolution can change a Pokémon's disposition, diet, size, abilities, and even their number of limbs. Not all Pokémon evolve, but the majority of known species will undergo at least one transformation as they age and develop. Evolution is a sudden, energy- intensive process, and most Pokémon must store vast metabolic resources in order to catalyze the process. Because of this, evolution is not directly related to the age of a Pokémon. Some Pokémon may never amass the necessary metabolic energy to successfully evolve, living and dying entirely in their "adolescent" form. SIGNIFICANCE The purpose of evolution varies from species to species. Diglett (pg. 99), evolve in order to enter their reproductive phase. Others, such as Horsea (pg. 231), appear to evolve so that adolescent and adult members of the same species are not competing for identical food sources. Evolution generally allows a single organism to occupy various ecological niches, therefore increasing overall survivability. For example, if Slowpoke's (pg. 157) aquatic habitat is destroyed or rendered uninhabitable, their evolved, POKEMON EVOLUTION terrestrial form Slowbro (pg. 159) will survive to usher in a new generation once environmental conditions have stabilized. VARIATION Many Pokémon evolve more than once during their lifespan, transitioning through a middle stage between their birth form and their full maturity. These intermediary evolutionary stages often bear the biological basis for their final form. Organs, senses, or structures that are only partially functional in the Pokémon's middle stage go on to form a critical aspect of the final organism. In Charmeleon (pg. 9), their upper arm bones and shoulder muscles are already divided in anticipation of development into Charizard's (pg. 11) wings. This phenomenon is known as preemptive morphology, and can be seen in most three-stage evolutionary Pokémon. Some Pokémon only evolve under specific conditions. Machoke (pg. 133), for example, evolve during severe physical or emotional stress. Clefairy (pg. 69) evolve only in the presence of a rare variety of radiation. Eevee (pg. 265) are unique among known Pokémon species for their branched evolution, known as Polyphenism. This means that depending upon the environments they encounter during their lifespan, Eevee can evolve into a form perfectly adapted to their local habitat.OVERVIEW The phenomenon of Pokémon evolution shares its name with the principle of descent with modification. This is known as biological evolution, and describes gradual changes in genetic traits across entire Pokémon populations. Pokémon evolution occurs during a single individual's lifespan, and describes how Kabuto (pg. 279) metamorphose into their adult form of Kabutops (pg. 281). Alternatively, biological evolution relates to the development of new species of Pokémon, and describes how Kabutops gradually adapted over millions of years into modern Scyther (pg. 245). In this book's entries, biological evolution is referred to as biological development in order to prevent confusion. FUNCTION The development of Weedle (pg. 25) and Caterpie (pg. 19) is a good example of how this variety of evolution works. Fossil records indicate that these two Pokémon sprang from a common ancestor over 100 million years ago. These distinct Pokémon started as two isolated populations of the same organism: a prehistoric worm-like creature with a three-stage life cycle. Due to environmental pressures like predation and climate change, Weedle's ancestors began to develop BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION complex social and communication skills that eventually formed the basis for modern Beedrill (pg. 29) hives. Alternatively, Caterpie's ancient ancestors lived in a region likely with more abundant sources of nectar, fruit, flower pollen, and different pressures and challenges. Individuals with advantageous traits and abilities tended to survive and alter the genetics of the next generation. Over millions of years, both groups drifted apart, becoming the specialized Pokémon species we know today. COOPERATIVE ADAPTATION Some Pokémon have developed symbiotic relationships through biological evolution. Over many generations, two organisms can come to depend more and more on their relationship until it becomes essential for survival. It is generally easier to forge a symbiotic relationship than for a species to develop entirely new adaptations. For example, Bulbasaur's (pg. 1) symbiotic bulb was once an independent, stationary, semi-sentient plant-Pokémon. It could have evolved its own form of locomotion, but this might have taken millions of years. It was easier to develop adaptations that allowed it to grow on the backs of slow moving reptilian organisms that already had the means to walk. The bulbs that did this had an advantage over their competitors, and continued to specialize to coexist with their host.Photosynthetic cell layer Bulb opening Brain deeply inowined with symbiotie tendrils J aoa qd MQ) Symbiotic / seed core . £ Stout legs to support the weight of both organisms Interlinked heart ‘and circulatory system Plant tendrils grow in parallel Blunted claws for with the host's musculature digging and climbing Bufo Ornate Pg. 1BULBASAUR CHARACTERISTICS Butbasaur are toad-like quadrupeds that house a symbiotic plant on their back from birth. Both organisms have evolved to depend totally on the other for survival in a mutually beneficial relationship. The plant, once linked to the nervous system of its host, gains mobility and steady access to water and nutrients. The host is afforded protection by the plant's formidable array of toxic spores and muscular vines. PHYSIOLOGY Atthe core of Bulbasaur's symbiosis és a seed-like node that grows with its host organism. Though non-sentient, this node is tied directly into the host's nervous system and can process sensory data, functioning as a secondary neural ganglia. Like the small secondary brains in Onix (pg. 189) and other large Pokémon, this node allows Bulbasaur to coordinate efficiently while on the move. Without the plant's additional mental capacity, Bulbasaur would be unable to control its powerful vines in combat. The symbiotic plant-like creature housed on the Bulbasaur's back extends tendrils that interlink the nervous and circulatory systems of the two organisms. The heart of an adult Bulbasaur is bound by tuberous growths, feeding blood to the bulb on its back, BEHAVIOR Butbasaur are solitary creatures. They rarely socialize with others of their species, and are territorial in the wild. There is no account of a Bulbasaur surviving past infancy without its parasite, and subsequently no evidence that the tumor-like bulb can persist without a host. As it grows, the plant on Bulbasaur's back begins to integrate more deeply with the host's nervous system. Eventually, it begins taking on a greater share of the neural load while the host's brain functions begin to decrease. This effect is compounded in later evolutionary stages, changing the creature's behavior considerably. Weight: 7kg Vine length: Sm LIFESTYLE Habit: Diurnal, solitary Diet: Omnivorous; bugs, plants Habitat: Forested regions Lifespan: 1-3 years ABILITIES Vine Speed: 50kin/h } Seed Range: 5m eSBud orifice widens and prepares for full expansion Developing petals Dexterous prehensile vines Fully expanded leaves increase in length by 25% increase the efficiency of after evolution photosynthesis Acute external ears integrating with the circulatory system Forward facing Legs increase in thickness ani gait widens . / Plant symbiote Tuber-tike center node reaches fully coordinates interactions into host's between the two organisms extremities Bufo virent Pg. 3IVYSAUR CHARACTERISTICS Tvysaur and Bulbasaur are distinguished only by the size and progression of their parasitic bulb. The reptilian Pokémon host remains relatively unchanged after evolution, as the plant requires the most energy for its transformation. Ivysaur's bulb flowers during evolution, growing fleshy petals in a tightly bound bud. These will fully expand only once the Pokémon has matured into its final form. During this phase of the Pokémon's life, the plant begins to more deeply integrate itself, assuming near total control of Ivysaur's central and peripheral nervous system, suppressing the host's ability to control its own body. PHYSIOLOGY The bulb cannot complete its life cycle without a host, and because of this it is advantageous for the symbiotic bulb to preserve Ivysaur's health. This is unlike Paras (pg. 91), where the host's death is necessary for reproduction. Because of their dual nature, Ivysaur are quite adaptable, and can endure a variety of extreme environmental conditions neither organism could survive alone. In harsh desert climates, the bulb can sustain its vulnerable host with energy from the sun via photosynthesis and by trapping dew on its hydrophilic petals. BEHAVIOR In dark, heavily forested regions where photosynthesis is insufficient, the host organism can hunt for insect- Pokémon prey to support the metabolic needs of the bulb. Ivysaur requires vast quantities of food to support both component organisms. To help feed their growing host, the bulb's petals give off a pungent odor that attracts hungry Weedle (pg. 25) and Bellsprout (pg. 137). Using muscular vines, Ivysaur seize small Pokémon, and are even known to snatch Pidgey (pg. 31) out of the air. In preparation for their final evolution, Ivysaur spend months conserving energy and eating voraciously in order to build up the necessary metabolic reserves. SIZE Height: 1. a Vine length: 10m LIFESTYLE Habit: Diurnal, solitary Diet: Omnivorous; large bugs, plants Habitat: Forested regions Life Span: 3-7 years ABILITIES Vine Deadlift: 150kg Vine Speed: 60kin/h Seed Range: 10m Ground Speed: 3kmlhDiaphragm-like mechanism Host tis into th ost fissue grows into the Iaunches seeds and spores plan's ceniral stalk, further integrating the vo organisms. Fully expanded flower indicates maturity Leaves maximize surface area : Circulatory system flows through seed core Tendrils extract autrition from host's digestive tract Plant tendrils complete expansion through the hhawt's body Plant tendrils bulge through host's outer skin Broad padded feet support the fully grown flower Bufo florentes Pg. 5VENUSAUR CHARACTERISTICS Venusaur are the final stage of Bulbasaur's life cycle, and represent one of the most deeply integrated symbiotic relationships in the natural world. During their evolution from Ivysaur, the seed core extends tendrils into all of the host's critical body systems, piercing the brain and completely subsuming the host organism's will. This alters the Pokémon's behavior and transitions them into a more sedentary lifestyle. PHYSIOLOGY Although the bulb and host are deeply intertwined, the two organisms cannot fully integrate at the cellular level. The bulb's plant cells produce and store energy differently than the host's. Even at this late stage of development, Venusaur are still two mutually dependent organisms. The plant cells in the bulb must be partitioned by a series of adaptive organs and complex biochemical exchanges in order to interact with the host's cells. Venusaur's flower functions as a large muscular diaphragm and can catapult spores and seeds long distances. The Pokémon's bulb can subdivide and eject smaller versions of itself at threats. These seed nodes weaponize Venusaur's symbiosis, latching onto other Pokémon and rapidly leeching internal fluids to increase their own size. These seeds cannot survive for long on any organism besides their reptilian host, but provide a potent, and deeply unsettling, defense. BEHAVIOR Bulbasaur and Ivysaur are capable of reproduction, but Venusaur lay the most eggs during this Pokémon‘ lifespan. Before breeding, the core extends a specialized vine into the host's reproductive system, bundling each developing egg with a small symbiotic seed. Long before the egg hatches, this seed will begin integrating with its new host. This ensures that a new generation of Bulbasaur will emerge into the world already engaged in a symbiotic exchange that has continued unbroken for millions of years. SIZE Height: 2.25m Weight: 110kg Vine Length: 15m LIFESTYLE Habit: Diurnal, solitary Diet: Omnivorous; large bugs, plants Lifespan: 7-10 years BREEDING Sexual Maturity: 3 years Mating Season: Springtis Egg Incubation: Clutch Size: 4-7 eggs I Females distinguished by petal markingsDomed cranium containing large complex brain Acute forward facing eyes. Tail flame fed by Tiquid isoprene. ‘Thick flame-retardant shin Efficient intestinat system extracts flamable ‘materials, swallosved plants. Aortic arches suppliment |Charmander's weak heartCHARMANDER CHARACTERISTICS Charmander are omnivorous, reptilian pack hunters known for the jet of fire perpetually erupting from the tip of their tail. Ectothermic by nature, Charmander depend upon the heat from this flame to regulate their body temperature. It burns throughout the creature's life, and is used for hunting, sexual competition, and defense against larger Pokémon. The size and intensity of a Charmander's tail flame is an indication of the individual's general health. PHYSIOLOGY The flame on a Charmander's tail is fed by liquid isoprene extracted during digestion from the chloroplasts of plants in Charmander's diet. Near the tip of the tail is a rough, sphincter-like orifice that controls the size of the flame. This fire is essential 10 Charmander’s survival, and is used to regulate their cold-blooded bodies, as well as for defense. The ratio of brain-mass to body weight in adult Charmander indi a high order of cerebral activity, pattern recognition, and advanced social skills. tes BEHAVIOR The center of a Charmander's life is the pack: a rigidly enforced matriarchal social structure that demands cooperation and communication. A Charmander pack can be composed of up to 60 individuals that include a number of dominant females, male and female subordinates, and various offspring. The pack hunts and forages together daily to sustain their numbers, tends to eggs, and secures territory. A large pack can control hundreds of square kilometers. Charmander packs are known to ignite small forests, causing other Pokémon to panic and flee from the blinding smoke. This tactic gives hunting Charmander, with their large acute eyes and fireproof skin, a significant advantage. SI Height: 0.75m Weight: 9kg Arm span: 0.6m LIFESTYLE Habit: Social, pack hunter Diet: Omnivorous; plants, Ratiata Habitat: Deserts and drier climes Life span: 1-7 years ABILITIES Homeothermic body temp: 35°C Flame Temperature: 200°C Fire Radius: 10m I5kmth | Top SpeeLarge masseter muscle for sirong bite i Fire size and intensity mingle ere ene musculatureCHARMELEON CHARACTERISTICS Horned predatory Pokémon larger and more aggressive than Charmander, Charmeleon already bear many characteristics of their next developmental stage. Their long claws, increased strength, and explosive fire attacks can make them fearsome opponents. Because of their violent dispositions, they are more likely to flourish and evolve into their final forms if domesticated. PHYSIOLOGY The humerus bone in Charmeleon's upper arm is divided, creating the basic structure necessary for a rudimentary wing. Its skeletal density decreases by over a third, reducing their total weight significantly. During their final evolution, this process accelerates to form Charizard's hollow bones. BEHAVIOR After Charmander evolves into Charmeleon, it is driven from its former pack and forced into a life of relative solitude. This encourages genetic variation, as older Pokémon in the pack tend to die off or evolve. Newly-developed Charmeleon are instinctually compelled to seek out others to join and breed with. This transfers the strongest genes across multiple, distant Charmander packs. Once a Charmeleon has bred with members of a new pack, it is typically chased off again, though it may be permitted to join this new social group. After multiple rejections, many Charmeleon will simply remain solitary; as such, these lone Pokémon may be larger, more aggressive, and far more dangerous than one that remained as a member of a pack. Lone Charmeleon ofien have difficulty hunting, as the large Pokémon that comprise the diets of Charmander packs are too powerful for a single Charmeleon to take down alone. Because of this, they tend to Aunt smaller Pokémon and scavenge carrion whenever it becomes available, Without the protection of a pack, few newly-developed Charmeleon survive for long. Less than one ina hundred wild Charmeleon will endure long enough to evolve into Charizard. is Height: 1.25m Weight: 20kg it: Solitary Omnivorous Habitat: Deserts and drier climes Lifespan: 7-15 years BREEDING Sexual Maturit Mating Sea j Bee Incubation | Cluich Size. 10 years‘Cranial ridge Sovarseaaiee Flame-retardant bats Wing claw ighly vascular ing tissue for temperature regulation Flight Aortic arches muscles Mature flame expulsion Fully devetoped = Tridactyl feet Lacerta ignis volante Pg. U -CHARIZARD CHARACTERISTICS Charizard are massive, reptilian, fire- breathing hexapods with broad wings and bright orange coloration. Unlike their lower evolutionary forms, Charizard have long necks and two blunt horns protruding from their small heads. Charizard only evolve from lone Charmeleon, and will not develop if they are part of a social group. The purpose of this restrictive process is not entirely understood, but may be a way to ensure that only the most powerful, independent, and resilient Charmeleon reach full maturity. As a result, Charizard live in isolation and tend to avoid other Pokémon that are not prey. Their disposition towards humans is typically hostile, and Charizard are among the most difficult Pokémon to domesticate. PHYSIOLOGY Unlike their prior forms, Charizard naturally produce isoprene and do not derive their tail flame's fuel from plant matter. They also produce hydrogen gas as a byproduct of their digestion, adding another source of flammable material to their arsenal. This gas resides in specialized chambers adjacent to their stomach, to increase Charizard's buoyancy and assist in flight. Aerosolized isoprene and hydrogen gas are also the source of this Pokémon's notorious fire- breathing abilities. Charizard are capable of venting bursts of this mixture though their open mouths, igniting it with a rough, thimble- shaped organ in their sinuses. If startled or approached recklessly, Charizard will often reflexively vent flame as a warning. BEHAVIOR Due to their size and formidable abilities, Charizard have been useful human allies for thousands of years. Charizard can be ridden with a saddle for a rider's balance and positioning, and a bridle or headgear to maintain control. They were once heavily d in warfare, but in the modern era, Charizard have largely been replaced by mechanized alternatives. Today, they are only used for reconnaissance in regions where motorized vehicles are ineffective. SI Height: 1.75m Weight: 91kg Wingspan: 3.2m LIFESTYLE Habit: Solitary Diet: Omnivorous; plants, large animals Habitat: Deserts and drier climates Lifespan: 16-30 years ABILITIES Homeothermic body temperature: 38°C Flame temperature: 400°C Fire Range: 50m | Top Flight Speec 320kmi/hTransparent eyelid > Hydrodynamic in place of teeth Efficient gills Gjacent to lungs Webbed hands ‘comprise shell Strong muscles for ‘swinming Pelvis permanently joined to shell Testudo parvus Pg. 13CHARACTERISTICS Squirtle are mischievous, aquatic, shelled creatures that prefer to interact only with Pokémon within their own evolutionary line. Squirtle typically walk on two legs, but are known to sprint at higher speeds as quadrupeds. While in the water, their webbed limbs and hydrodynamic bodies propel them up 10 20 meters per second. PHYSIOLOGY Squirtle is one of only a few Pokémon that possesses lungs as well as functional gills. These two sets of organs are ofien used interchangeably. When near water, Squirtle are known to fill their lungs to capacity with fluid and retain it. They can draw oxygen from their saturated lungs for hours, and violently expel their load of water if they need to make a quick escape. Overlapping muscles on Squirtle's sides function like a diaphragm. Their motion expands and contracts its rigid shell along elastic plate-like joints, changing the volume of their chest cavity and drawing air (or water) into the lungs. This pressure can also be used to propel water from Squirtle's saturated lungs at high speed. Their bodies are encased in a bony shell, which hardens shortly after birth and continues to grow in SQUIRTLE thickness throughout their lives. Centuries ago, Squirtle shells were so highly prized as sources of hardened ivory that the species was hunted nearly to extinction. In the modern era, Squirtle populations have recovered as synthetic materials replaced their usefulness. BEHAVIOR They are powerful swimmers, and have been spotted traveling hundreds of miles from shore. Squirtle live much of their lives in water, mating while submerged and laying their leathery eggs in sandy deposits on isolated shorelines. Only with human intervention have some Squirtles been trained to abandon the sea and live on land, However, this environment is antithetical to their migratory instincts and often leads to » emotional problems and mis SU Weight: 10kg Arm span: 0.5m LIFESTYLE Habit: Diurnal, typically social Diet: Omnivorous; Sea plants, Magikarp Habitat: Coastal waters in seaweed beds Lifespan: 1-12 years ABILITIES | Projection Rau‘Shell dorsal plate Spinal column Cartilaginous ‘padding above beak Intestines Differentiated toe nails Sturdy teg museles adapted for bipedal movement Testudo bellum Pg. 15WARTORTLE CHARACTERISTICS Wartortle are bipedal, pale blue, aquatic reptiles, easily distinguished from their lower evolutionary form by their large, plumed tails and ears. The majority of Wartortle's body is covered by its rigid shell. The shell is comprised of multiple overlapping hone plates called scutes that are bound together by leathery protective tissue. Wartortle are not as hydrodynamic as their smaller, less- evolved counterparts, but compensate in the water with their large size and more powerful limbs. PHYSIOLOGY Wartortle are well adapted to life on land, and lose their gills as they grow, to be replaced with a pressurized, water storage organ that allows Wartortle to eject bursts of swallowed seawater at lethal speeds. These twin compartments run the length of Wartortle's shell and are connected to their esophagus by a muscular valve. They are used for hunting, and allow Wartortle to blast unwary bird- Pokémon from the sky. As they evolve, these organs further develop into Blastoise's formidable dual jets. Wartortle's plumed tail and ears appear soft from a distance, but are actually composed entirely of thick, tightly woven keratin fibers. These rigid structures function as rudders while the Pokémon swims, allowing Wartortle to change directions at high speeds. This maneuverability equips them to chase down swift aquatic Pokémon, ensuring that Wartortle seldom go hungry. BEHAVIOR Wartortle are omnivorous, and eat a variety of marine and terrestrial Pokémon. They have been known to hunt Rattata (pg. 37) and Pidgey (pg. 31) when confined to land. Wartortle are immune to the stings of Tentacool (pg. 143), and consume them regularly. Due to Tentacool's low nutritional value, it is likely that Wartortle enjoy their taste or derive pleasure from the hunt. This behavior is encouraged by trainers to help keep coastal waters safe for humans. Weight: Arm span: 0.75m LIFESTYLE Habit: Diurnal, typically social Diet: Omnivorous; Sea plants, Magikarp Habitat: Coastal waters in seaweed beds Lifespan: 13-34 years BREEDING Sexual Maturit Mating Season: Spring Egg Incubation: 8 weeks Clutch Size: 110 Eggs“Testudo armis bellum Pg.l TnBLASTOISE CHARACTERISTICS Bulastoise are large, armored, reptilian Pokémon with artificial cannons affixed to their internal water reservoirs. Ancient Blastoise populations lacked these external, tubular jets, and instead had two symmetrical, fleshy orifices jutting slightly from their shell. However, these Pokémon have become so selectively bred that they have gone extinct in the wild and the only remaining populations depend upon human intervention to survive. Blastoise have been a common fixture in human society for thousands of years. Prior to modern industrial development, they were used as a frequent fire-suppression method. Their utility was not limited to fire brigades, and trained Blastoise were ofien also necessary for transporting or storing fresh water. Blastoise labor played a key role in primitive industry and warfare as well, and encouraged breeding them toward larger water reservoirs and stronger expulsions. PHYSIOLOGY Over centuries and centuries of human interaction and deliberate breeding, the natural water expulsion system was expanded until it became dependent upon artificial, pipe-like insertions that allow focused streams of water to pass through them at high speeds, Today, these cannons contain mechanical components that interface Max swim speed: 20kmth | Max running speed: dkmlh with Blastoise's physiology to moderate stream size and strength. These components are surgically joined to Blastoise's water expulsion orifices immediately upon evolution. They seal directly into twin compartments along Blastoise's shell, which terminate in twin muscular valves. Without these cannons, Blastoise are likely to rupture or tear their own orifices, resulting in death. BEHAVIOR Blastoise have been selectively bred for obedience and utility, and as such they get along well with humans and adapt much more easily to captivity than their two less evolved form Blastoise are still a common sight in human cities, and are often utilized in varied roles by police, coast guards, and military forces. Key Facts SIZE | Height: 1.75m Weight: 87kg Arm span: 15m LIFESTYLE Habit: Diurnal, typically social Diet: Omnivorous; Sea plants, Magikarp Habitat: Captivity Lifespan: 35-80 years ABILITIES Projection range: 15m Max water pressure: 2000kPaSensory antenna Spinneret Pheromone receptor —, Dorsal plate Thorasic leg Abdominal leg. muscles Abdominal chitin plates Vermis foetidum Pg. 19CATERPIE CHARACTERISTICS Caterpie are diminutive larval herbivores that form the basis for many Pokémon food chains and have a very low trophic level. Caterpie are found worldwide. These unassuming invertebrates require more energy than most Pokémon to catalyze their evolution, and must feed constantly to maintain the necessary metabolic reserves. They are voracious eaters, and serious agricultural pests in many human communities. PHYSIOLOGY Caterpie have sofi, vulnerable bodies with a hardened head carapace and large, acute eyes. Their mandibles are powerful and adapted for grinding tough vegetation. Behind Caterpie's mandibles is a large, highly complex, silk-producing organ that converges into a mass of forward-facing orifices. Caterpie are capable of consciously blending multiple types of filaments in unique combinations to adjust the strength and elasticity of their silk. These silk strands are Caterpie's primary method of defense, and are used to weave a protective shell necessary for their evolution. Caterpie are distantly related to the Weedle (pg. 25), but can be easily distinguished by their bright green coloration, absence of legs on every abdominal segment, and the prominent Y-shaped sensory ‘apparatus on Caterpie's head. BEHAVIOR Caterpie are the prey for many distinct Pokémon species, and are particularly vulnerable to Pidgey (pg. 31) and its two evolved forms. Green coloration is Caterpie's first line of defense, and acts as camouflage. Using this to defend from aerial attacks, Caterpie instinctively freeze at the first sign of nearby bird Pokémon. If this fails, and the Pokémon is discovered, Caterpie thrash wildly while spraying large silk sheets to scare off potential predators. Despite these defensive adaptations, many Caterpie are eaten before they reach the next stage of their evolution. SIZE Height: 0.2m Length: 05m Weight: 3kg LIFESTYLE Habit: Solitary, diurnat Diet: Herbivorous; leaves and seeds Habitat: Forests, farm land Lifespan: 1-2 years ABILITIES Max String Projection: 5m Projection Speed: 10km/h Tensile strengh: 500MPa | Top Speed: 2kmlhCrude musculature Primitive light-sensitive Impact resistant soft tissue Rigid, inert exterior shell ring insect Pokémon wing Shell stress point where ‘armor is thickest Abductor musetes Vermis durum testa Pg. 21METAPOD CHARACTERISTICS As Caterpie's intermediate evolutionary stage, pupal Metapod are common, heavily-armored, and mostly immobile insect-Pokémon. The rigid outermost layers of a Metapod are composed of inert silk, spun by the Caterpie during its evolution. Within this armored cocoon, Caterpie's original organs liquefy and differentiate over many weeks into their final form. If Metapod's shell is broken by external forces before the organism within has finished developing, it is sure to perish. PHYSIOLOGY Beneath their rigid shell's exterior is a layer of crude musculature and soft tissue several centimeters thick, designed to cushion impacts and reduce stress on the developing Butterfree within. Most predatory Pokémon are incapable of breaking through Metapod's armor, and quickly learn to leave them alone. If attacked, Metapod possess only one meaningful defensive ability. By using powerful abductor muscles, Metapod can constrict the overlapping layers of their carapace in anticipation of a blow. This reflex diverts the force of impacts across the most powerful sections of Metapod's armor, allowing this Pokémon to endure incredible stresses without breaking or buckling. Eventually, the organism within Metapod's chrysalis finishes its transformation into an adult Butterfree and must escape. The newly-metamorphosed Butterfree scrapes and chews itself out, secreting fluid called cocoonase that softens Metapod's shell. This emergence occurs suddenly, taking only a few minutes for the adult organism to surface and fly away. BEHAVIOR With no offensive capabilities, Metapod depend upon concealment in order to survive, usually camouflaged among tall grasses or leaves in the tree line. Unlike Kakuna (pg. 27), which are afforded protection by adult Beedrill, Metapod are not social creatures and are ignored by their evolved forms. SIZE | Height: 0.75m Width: 0.5m Weight: 10kg LIFESTYLE Habit: Diurnal, solitary Diet: None Habitat: Forests, farm land Lifespai 2-3 years ABILITIES Shell Hardness: 9-10Mohs Visual Acuity: 20/20 | Spore Radius mwing scaffold Flexible interior wing Sensory ganglia Antenna Wing vasculature Brain Focal lens Forewing Abductor muscles Hindwing Back legs for perching Vermis venana avium Pg. 23BUTTERFREE CHARACTERISTICS The final stage of Caterpie's lifecycle, Butterfree are docile, flying insect- Pokémon that play a critical role in pollination and seed dispersal for many plant species. After several months of development, Metapod's outer shell splits and an adult Butterfree climbs out. It takes several hours for the newly escaped Butterfree's wings to dry and expand, During this period, they are grounded and vulnerable. Butterfree are characterized by their four scaled wings and fluttering flight patterns. The scales coating their wings are almost invisible to the naked eye, and are very similar to Venomoth’s (pg. 97). These tiny structures insulate Butterfree's wings and improve their aerodynamic properties. Butterfree's digestive system is adapted primarily for liquids, and feed on flower nectar, pollen, tree sap, and fiuit juices. PHYSIOLOGY Butterfree have large compound eyes and excellent vision. They are sensitive to the ultraviolet spectrum, a seful ability to spot desirable flower species from high altitudes. When fying, they primarily use their antennae to sense their surroundings. These organs are covered in tiny hair- like cells known as sensillum that receive and interpret complex olfactory information. Butterfree are a critical part of most ecosystems due to the role they play in pollination. Their oblong lower legs are covered in fine hairs which inadvertently trap pollen as they land on flowering plants. By flying from flower to flower, Butterfree transmit the plant's reproductive materials over long distances and can single- handedly ensure a forest's general health and continued expansion. BEHAVIOR Butterfree use pheromones to communicate across vast distances, using their specialized scaled wings to transmit scents during flight. These particulates can have a variety of unusual effects on other organisms, ranging from sudden allergic attacks to unconsciousness. Wingspan: 3m LIFESTYLE Habit: Social, diurnal Lifespan: 3-4 years BREEDING Sexual Maturity: 3 years Mating Season: Karly spring Egg Incubation: 2 weeks Females are defined by purple markings | ABILITIES Wingheats per second: 45 AME eV alt[——podermie ip Venom gland | ‘Head stinger Head carapace Hind stinger Vertical Waterproof insulation mandibles Venom gland Aortic arches — Chitinous exoskeleton Hindgut Spherical body segment Vermis corniger Pg. 25WEEDLE CHARACTERISTICS Weedle are the carnivorous larval stage of Beedrill, and are a critical consumer of decaying matter and carrion in most forest ecosystems. These limbless insect-Pokémon can be found most commonly around Beedrill hives. In these massive communal structures, Weedle eggs are laid by the hundreds. After hatching, infant Weedle are dependent upon Beedrill for daily deliveries of meat. Only once they are fully grown can Weedle begin to venture out of the hive on their own. PHYSIOLOGY They possess two powerful stingers on either end of their body, and can deliver large doses of toxins comparable to their evolved form. Despite this, Weedle are vulnerable to predation from a variety of specie: and even with the protection of their hive, few will live long enough to evolve into Kakuna. Lickitung (pg. 215), Pidgeotto (pg. 33), and Zubat (pg. 81) all routinely raid Beedrill nests, and will easily overpower and consume lone Weedle. The fortunate few that survive long enough to evolve will excrete a fast-drying, natural adhesive from both of their stingers which coats their bodies. This tightly binds Weedle, and hardens into the segmented plates of Kakuna's formidable armor. BEHAVIOR Weedle will consume any kind of organic tissue presented to them, but seem to overwhelmingly prefer rotten meat when it's available. Whenever a large Pokémon dies in a forested region, Weedle are always among the first scavengers arriving to pick the carcass clean. Weedle are used heavily in medical practices even in modern day. Under controlled hospital conditions, live Weedle can be introduced into festering human wounds, They feed on the dead or necrotic tissue, leaving healthy flesh mostly unharmed. This procedure has been met with widespread success, but must be carefully supervised to prevent the hungry Weedle from attempting to eat the patient alive. SIZE | Height: 0.2m jiurnal, highly social Diet: Detritivorous carnivore; necrotic flesh Habitat: Forests Lifespan: 1-2 years ABILITIES Max String Projection: Sm Projection Speed: 10kmth | Stinger Hardness: 8-9MohsDeveloping head section and braincase Deeoeing Armored head plate Primative external eyes Primative stinger remains soft until Shock-absorbent tissue Abdominal stinger only sprouts afier evolution Developing abdomen Vermis tegmine Pg. 27KAKUNA CHARACTERISTICS Kakuna are immobile, heavily armored insect-Pokémon. They are the lifeblood of a Beedrill hive, and unlike their close cousins, Metapod (pg. 21), Kakuna require extensive care and protection during their development. These Pokémon cannot survive independently of a social support structure. PHYSIOLOGY Kakuna's armored exterior is comprised of chitin, a characteristic component of most insect-Pokémon skeletons. This substance is rigid, yet durable, and protects a developing Kakuna from physical damage. Kakuna have no external mouthparts or accessible orifices, and do not eat at all during their development. They are entirely enclosed and nutritionally self-sufficient until they evolve. As Kakuna grows, the soft internal organism almost entirely liquifies, reforming gradually into fully formed Beedrill in a compressed chitin shell. This takes several months, and upon completion, the new Beedrill will chew itself out of its prison using its powerful mandibles. BEHAVIOR As Weedle evolve into Kakuna, they disperse a chemical signal calling for members of the hive to come and collect them, Once a Beedrill has picked up the new Kakuna, it will place it carefully within the hive's main structure. Here the Kakuna can develop in relative safety for the several months required to evolve into their final developmental stage. Kakuna are highly sensitive to environmental conditions, and will produce a damaged or developmentally deficient Beedrill if poorly cared for. So to ensure the hive's next generation continues, Beedrill will carefully tend to the Kakuna's needs during this period. If the weather is too hot, they will fan their wings to lower Kakuna's temperature. If moisture accumulates on Kakuna's shell, attendant Beedrill will lick it off to prevent mildew from growing. is | Height: 0.75m Width: 0.5m Weight: 10.25kg LIFESTYLE Habit: Crepuseular, social Diet: None Habitat: Forests Lifespan: 2-3 years ABILITIES Shell Hardness: 9-10Mohs Visual Acuity: 20120 } Spore Radius: 7m | BeeForewing Antenna Wing vasculature Rotational muscles 26 Hindvving stingers \ Chitinous segmented limbs Stomach Venom gland ianiag coloration. ~ Apium cosuetedine Pg. 29 -BEEDRILL CHARACTERISTICS Beedrill live in cooperative colonies of up to a hundred individuals, raising young and defending their territory collectively. Beedrill create wood pulp by mixing rotten wood and tree bark with their saliva. By fixing layer after layer of this pulp to a large tree or cliffside, Beedrill construct their hives. These massive structures are comprised of hundreds of hexagonal chambers, each with room for an egg to develop. PHYSIOLOGY Beedrill are named for the prominent conical stingers on their forelimbs. These twin weapons are just as capable of delivering venom as a Beedrill's abdominal stinger, but are used primarily as construction tools. Beedrill possess excellent eyesight, and use their compound vision to scout for prey through dense forest canopies. When it spots a suitable Pokémon, typically a Rattata (pg. 37) or Pidgey (pg. 31), the Beedrill swoops down onto its victim, stings and carries the paralyzed creature back to its hive to feed the colony. Their venom contains powerful digestive enzymes that liquefy the internal organs of prey Pokémon while they are still alive. This process takes several hours, making slurry of their prey. Bones, hooves, claws, and other indigestible parts are ground between Beedrill’s mandibles and added to the hive. it, BEHAVIOR Adult Beedrill are responsible for the care and feeding of their two lower evolutionary forms, and must constantly bring home food for the carnivorous Weedle that inhabit the hive. When an adult returns to the nest with food, hungry Weedle make rasping noises to signal their need. These powerful insect-Pokémon seldom sting non-prey organisms, except in defense of their hive. Although many people fear Beedrill, they are rarely responsible for human death. The sting is typically dangerous only to those who are allergic. In vertebrates, Beedrill venom affects the heart and blood vessels, reducing blood pressure and preventing clotting to ensure that the toxin spreads quickly. 1 Sm Weight: 30kg Wingspan: 3.5m LIFESTYLE it: Extremely social, predatory iet: Small Pokémon Habitat: Forests Lifespan: 2-4 years BREEDING Sexual Maturit Number of Eggs: 10-200 annually | Hatching time: 1 weekPIDGEY CHARACTERISTICS Pidgey are one of the most plentiful and widespread Pokémon on the planet, and are rarely found far from human settlements. Pidgey are advantageous feeders, supplementing their natural diet of seeds with food provided (or stolen) from humans. Their success and survival is in large part due to their ability to exploit human food sources, from spilled breadcrumbs to large-scale crops. Today, they are considered pests in many parts of the world and often hunted or captured for sport. PHYSIOLOGY Like alt bird Pokémon, Pidgey have hollow skeletons, light but powerful muscular systems, and a high metabolic rate that requires constant energy to maintain, Pidgey lack teeth or a true jaw, depending instead on a lightweight beak for pecking and plucking at food that they swallow whole. With a gizzard below their stomach containing small gastroliths, they can grind tough seeds, grains, and other indigestible materials that make it into their gastrointestinal tracts. Pidgey have didactyl feet: two forward-facing toes with blunt talons jutting from a padded base. This allows Pidgey to land, grip outcroppings to roost, and make quick dismounts when threatened, startled, or hungry for their next meal. BEHAVIOR They are prey to many carnivorous Pokémon, ranging from Ekans (pg. 45) to Meowth (pg. 103) to evolved raptors such as Fearow (pg. 43). In their un-evolved forms, Pidgey have few attacks to aid their survival, instead relying on escape and their prolific breeding. They are capable evaders in flight, and their small bodies allow them to shelter in close underbrush and hidey-holes where larger predators can't follow. Pidgey rarely breed far from humans, often nesting in roofs or attics. They construct untidy nests of twigs, scavenged trash, and fabric where they lay their small eggs. Typically social with other members of their species, nesting Pidgey become highly territorial and will attempt to defend their young from any Pokémon that approaches too closely. SIZE Height: 0.5m Weight: 2kg Wingspan: 1.5m LIFESTYLE Habit: Diurnal. Typically social : Herbovorous; Seeds and grains Habitat: Forests, fields Lifespan: 2-3 years ABILITIES Gust Strength: 50km/h Flight speed: SOkmthTarsus Aves pluma brevis Pg. 33PIDGEOTTO CHARACTERISTICS Larger and more powerful than their diminutive evolutionary forms, Pidgeotto are a common sight in many rural areas. They are easily distinguished from Pidgey by their prominent crimson crest and bright tail plumage. Pidgeotto eat a wide variety of foods, including seeds, leaves, acorns, grains, and berries. They are also opportunistic predators, eating Caterpie (pg. 19) and other insect- Pokémon. Like Pidgey, Pidgeotto enjoy eating crops. In the summer months, large flocks of these Pokémon can descend upon ripe fields and strip them clean. For this reason, farmers often keep a variety of trained predatory Pokémon on hand to patrol their fields and ward off hungry Pidgeotto. PHYSIOLOGY Tn order to digest diverse food sources, Pidgeotto possess a muscular pouch adjacent to their esophagus called a crop. The crop grinds and softens food and can store seeds or grain for long periods before moving them into the digestive system. Pidgeotto also possess a gizzard, a specialized stomach-like organ composed of muscular bands that can grind, rotate, and crush difficult foods. Like Graveler (pg. 149), Pidgeotto's gizcard contains small stones called gastroliths that were deliberately swallowed to aid in digestion and function like the teeth of most other Pokémon. With an increased wingspan, longer beak and talons, and aggressive temperament, Pidgeotto pose a threat to predators and even unevolved Pidgey when competing for food. BEHAVIOR During breeding season, Pidgeotto attract mates with a high-pitched call and a series of intricate aerial maneuvers, Unlike most Pokémon species where one sex must entice the other, Pidgeotto displays are mutual and eithe can reject the other's display. This behavior is, in part, a consequence of their low levels of sexual dimorphism. Male and female Pidgeotto are nearly identical in size, disposition, power, and appearance. SIZE Height: 1,25m Weight: 31kg Wingspan: 3m LIFESTYLE Diet: Omniverous; Seeds, grains, Caterpie Lifespan: 3-5 years BREEDING Sexual Maturity: 1 year Mating Season: Spring Egg Incubation: 2 weeks } Clutch Size: 3-5 eggsAves pluma rubeus Pg. 35PIDGEOT CHARACTERISTICS Pidgeot are carnivorous, aerial, apex predators known for their powerful talons and fierce dispositions. Pidgeot routinely consume prey weighing more than 10 kg, and have been recorded carrying off Pokémon equal to their own body weight. Their main prey are large mammalian Pokémon like Mankey (pg. 111) and adolescent Slowpoke (pg. 157). Pidgeot's diet differs dramatically from their two lower evolutionary forms, This appears to have developed so that adolescent Pidgey and adult Pidgeot are not competing for identical food sources. A striking difference in disposition and diet allows Pidgey to occupy various ecological niches during its lifespan, increasing its overall survivability. PHYSIOLOGY Pidgeot make their homes in forests and jungles, and are poorly adapted to open terrain. Their wings are proportionally shorter than many other predatory flying Pokémon, adapted to navigate dense canopy branches. They are adept flyers, but sacrifice speed for maneuverability. Pidgeot use a specialized hunting technique known as 'perch-hunting’, which entails brief flights from tree to tree while scanning for prey. When a suitable target is spotted, Pidgeot dives from its perch to spear the Pokémon on its outstretched talons. BEHAVIOR Pidgeot are monogamous, and once pair bonded, will remain with their partners for the rest of their lives. If one Pidgeot dies, the remaining Pokémon will seldom attempt to find a replacement mate. Male and female Pidgeot are identical in size and disposition, and signal their desire to find a partner by constructing a nest. Once a member of the opposite sex expresses interest, the two Pokémon enter into mutual aerial displays. Pidgeot will chase each other for several hours, clasping talons and entering mutual diagonal dives to display affection. After the conclusion of these displays, the interested Pidgeot will decide whether or not to join the nest and raise young. SIZE Height: 1.5m Weight: 40kg Wingspan: 3m Tail Length: 0.2m LIFESTYLE Habit: Diurnal, typically social : Carnivorous; large Pokémon Forests and jungles 25. ABILITIES Gust strength: 70kmlh Flight speed: 80km!h | Dive Speed: 120km!hDomed cranium Weighted tail eurl for balance Large external ear Temporalis mustle Latissimus dorsi muscles Ovetapping Sinuses tail muscles Fleshy whisker External oblique muscles Rattus purpura Pg. 37RATTATA CHARACTERISTICS Reattata are diminutive, purple, rodent Pokémon that are common throughout the known world. They are generally considered pest organisms, causing extensive damage to human crops, burrowing under buildings, damaging infrastructure, and invading food stores. They are a threat to many natural habitats because of their aggressive population growth and feeding habits. Several remote islands have had their ecology adversely altered by the sudden arrival of Rattata, and even the Alola region struggles to contain their infestation of these voracious rodents. PHYSIOLOGY Reattata are characterized by their sharp, protruding incisors. These teeth do not stop growing throughout the Pokémon's life. Because of this, Rattata must gnaw constantly to prevent their teeth from puncturing through their own bottom jaw. Their front limbs have strong claw-like nails adapted for digging. Rattata's dexterous hands, small bodies, and strong limbs allow them to run, climb, swim, burrow, or leap through most obstacles in their way. BEHAVIOR They often raid pantries, basements, and other storage for grains and cereals. Rattata are extremely successful omnivores and eat a wide range of foods, even including a variety of small Pokémon. Due to their small size, Rattata are easy prey to many predatory Pokémon species. This includes, but is not limited to, Meowth (pg. 103), Ekans (pg. 45), Growlithe (pg. 115), and Bellsprout (pg. 137). To ensure steady numbers, Rattata must breed often, creating nests in underground burrows or old trees, laying up to three clutches of eggs annually. It is not known where Rattata originated, but by hitching rides on human transports, these adaptable Pokémon have spread across the globe. Rattata can be found wherever humans live. With rare exception, they depend heavily upon human settlements for food and shelter. SIZE Length: 0.5m Height: 0.3m LIFESTYLE Habit: Nocturnal, typically social Diet: Opportunistic omnivores Habitat: In and around cities and towns Lifespan: 1-3 years ABILITIES Sprinting Speed: 7km/h } Jumping Height: 7m