Professional Documents
Culture Documents
International Memorial Day of Holocaust 2021
International Memorial Day of Holocaust 2021
ERASMUS+ PROJECT
1
INTERNATIONAL HOLOCAUST
REMEMBRANCE DAY
International Holocaust Remembrance Day is an international
memorial day on 27 January commemorating the tragedy of the
Holocaust that occurred during the Second World War. It commemorates
the genocide that resulted in the deaths of 6 million Jews out of 11 million
people killed by the Nazi regime and its collaborators.
2
HOLOCAUST GLOSSARY
Nazi
Member of a German political party that controlled Germany from 1933 to 1945 under
Adolf Hitler.
Jew
Someone whose religion is Judaism, who is descended from Jewish people, or who
participates in the culture surrounding Judaism.
Invasion
Holocaust
Killing of millions of Jews and other people by the Nazis during World War II.
Cemetery
Ghetto
Part of a city in which members of a particular group or race live usually in poor
conditions.
Memorial
Something (such as a monument or ceremony) that honors a person who has died or
serves as a reminder of an event in which many people died.
3
Commemoratio in Šiauliai Juliaus Janonio Gymnasium
On the occasion of the International Holocaust Remembrance Day different
workshops, activities and meetings were celebrated:
4
● Members of European Club watched a film “The special team of
Auschwitz(Sonderkommando)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hreD2pK6mQo and had a
discussion. Students‘ ideas and thoughts turned into creative works.
Ainius and Ema created a video in which they expressed their views
and thoughts about Holocaust.
‘When we talk about the Holocaust, what images come to mind? Torture, pain,
screaming, deaths of innocent people? Those who managed to play hide and seek with
death, were found sooner or later and the game was over. The life journeys of many
Jews ended in concentration camps, where the least hope and passion for life was
forgotten, lost, devastated in the face of martyrs. Nowadays, it’s hard for us to fathom
that such was the daily life back then. When being Jewish meant being condemned to
death. Now, 80 years later, the story is not forgotten and we say #WeRemember.“
(R.Jurpalytė (II f)
5
● In Citizenship lessons, the resounding memory of Holocaust victims
began with listening to Frederic Chopin's nocturne for piano cis-moll
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=reAhvxNPl-U&feature=youtu.be.
Students created posters, discussing the films “Schindler's List“ and
“The Pianist“. 2nd grade students Armandas, Ūla, Modesta and
Viktorija created an informative video presentation on Holocaust
https://www.youtube.com/watch?fbclid=IwAR1ZTr_cCn1xFKIixpeD
mZgqeMWxjHuRCSZnMxGaTtYtFpONnL4kAlqzbs&v=JBsKnn5lA
w&feature=youtu.be -to honour the memory of the dead.
6
Participants of Erasmus + project “+Participatory Democracy, +Active
Citizenship“ invited the school community to join the remembrance action
#WeRemember, in this way expressing their civic position against any
manifestation of hatred and honoring the victims of the Holocaust. The
Gymnasium community was encouraged to be visible on social networks by
marking their social profile image with a frame #WeRemember.
7
Skaičiuojama, kad per Holokaustą nužudyta apie 96 proc. Lietuvos žydų –
maždaug 190 tūkst. žmonių.
8
„Holokaustas – viena didžiausių tragedijų pasaulio ir Lietuvos istorijoje. Tai yra be
galo skausminga, tačiau tuo pačiu ir labai svarbi tema, apie kurią mes privalome
kalbėti, kad ir kaip nelengva būtų. Negalime ir neturime ignoruoti pasitaikančių
neapykantos apraiškų visuomenėje, viešojoje ar net kultūrinėje erdvėje. Trumpalaikes
neapykantos iškrovas gali nustelbti tik ilgalaikė atmintis ir bendru sutarimu priimtas
sprendimas ją puoselėti ir įprasminti“.
V. Montvydaitė
9
(Elie Wiesel, survivor of Holocaust, Nobel prize winner)
10
Commemoratio in Agrupamento de Escolas Camilo
Castelo Branco
● Students reflections:
• The Holocaust was the biggest human rights violation that our history
has ever seen, fueled by the hatred and contempt of minorities
(Bernardo Oliveira, AECCB-PT).
11
• The Holocaust, the worst mistake that ever happened to humanity,
hatred, injustice, slavery and death. (Tiago Osório, AECCB-PT).
12
● Students videos:
https://youtu.be/uQXOmdolz1c
Vosges, Alsácia
Quem sobe a montanha, fica fascinado pela sua beleza e, ao mesmo tempo,
sente um silêncio lúgubre. Dificilmente concebe que, no meio da beleza da
Alsácia, exista um testemunho tão forte e impressionante dos maiores
horrores que a humanidade foi capaz de cometer.
13
Natzweiler-Struthof
14
Os prisioneiros sobreviventes foram obrigados a realizar uma Marcha da
Morte até
a Alemanha, enquanto uma pequena unidade de SS continuou a cuidar das
operações restantes.
Em 23 de novembro de 1944, foi o primeiro campo descoberto e libertado
pelos Aliados na Europa Ocidental, ainda ocupado por este pequeno staff
nazi, no mesmo dia em que os Aliados atingiram Estrasburgo.
Número total de prisioneiros que por lá passaram nestes três anos: 52 000.
Nº estimado de mortos: 22 000.
Origem: Polónia, União Soviética, Holanda, Noruega, Eslovênia, França,
principalmente.
Objetivo: receber os atingidos pelo Nacht und Nebel, o edito de Adolf Hitler, de
fins de 1941, especialmente os integrantes dos movimentos de resistência.
Este campo não era de extermínio como Auschwitz ouTreblinka, era um
campo de trabalho, no qual os prisioneiros, sobretudo ligados à resistência
francesa ou opositores políticos de Hitler e judeus, eram obrigados a trabalhar
nas pedreiras de granito rosa dos Vosges, exportado para a Alemanha, para
construir a Berlim imperial sonhada pelo ditador, e até na manutenção do
próprio campo.
15
16
17
18
19
20
Propostas de trabalho
1. Cria 7 frases, pelo menos, que evidenciem o teu ponto de vista sobre
o Holocausto, a defesa dos valores democráticos e humanos e a esperança
num futuro melhor para a Humanidade.
2. Consideras importante preservar a memória, homenagear as vítimas
e ouvir os sobreviventes? Justifica. Num texto até 200 palavras, reflete sobre
o impacto destas ações nas vítimas e seus descendentes e na europa, como
um todo político, social e cultural.
3. Consideras que os jovens se interessam por estas questões? Que
valor e impacto terão para os jovens fazer uma visita de estudo a um destes
locais, realizar pesquisas ou outros trabalhos, expressar-se criticamente, por
exemplo? Num texto até 200 palavras, reflete sobre os jovens e a defesa dos
valores europeus e democrátivos.
5. Na atualidade era possível isto acontecer outra vez? Num texto até
200 palavras, de caráter informativo e opinativo, aborda a persistência e até o
avanço, no presente, do antissemitismo e da xenofobia, de genocídios no
mundo, da contínua crise dos refugiados e das ameaças a muitas das normas
e valores democráticos, considerando o aumento de governos de estilo
autoritário, bem como de movimentos populistas ou extremistas dentro de
democracias (liberais).
21
estes desafios incluem a persistência do antissemitismo e da xenofobia, de
genocídios no mundo, da contínua crise dos refugiados e das ameaças a
muitas das normas e valores democráticos;isto é particularmente relevante
perante o aumento de governos de estilo autoritário, bem como de
movimentos populistas ou extremistas dentro de democracias (liberais).
22
23
- Students created a poster to disseminate the activities
about Holocaust.
24
25
- students created material to inform and remember the
horror.
- Definition:
-The Holocaust was the most brutal aspect of Nazi racial policy.
26
Bertol Brecht
First they went after the Jews,
Primero fueron a por los judíos,
27
Más tarde se llevaron a los intelectuales
28
29
- Historical development:
1933-1939
-The first measures against the Jews were taken in 1933, when
the Nazis seized the Power. (Jews were excluded from public
life).
-In 1935, Hitler made the Nuremberg Laws. Those laws deprived
Jews of their German citizenship, and banned marriages
between Germans and Jews.
1939-1940
-In Poland, about 3 milion of Jewish people lived. When
Germany Invaded Poland, Nazis autorities created a new form of
confinement for Jews, called ghettoes.
30
harsh, and people were very poor there.
1941-1945
-When Germany invaded the USSR, Nazi genocide entered in
it’s most brutal stage.
The last solution was the mass extermination of the Jews in Gas
Chambers and Cremation Ovens: Some of the most terrible
camps were: Auschwitz, Treblinka, Dachau, Buchenland.
1945
Liberation
In 1945, when the Concentration Camps were liberated, allies
were horrified by what they saw.
31