Various Elements Of Building

1. Roof – Roof is the uppermost part of the building.

It is enclosing element at the top. It can be inclined,
dome shape, curved or flat. Roof completes the
enclosure.

2. Columns – Columns are vertical members

constructed above the ground level. Structural
columns takes the load coming from slab above
and transfers safely to the foundation.

3. Steps – Steps are described as the element of

the building which allows the foot to be put on to
help easy and convenient ascent and descent
usually for low heights such as surrounding ground
surface to the top.
4. Chajja – Chajja is a device helps to cut
direct sunlight, acts as a shading
device, it regulates water flow.
Also called as suncontrol or
weather control device. Chajja is
variably a cantilever element.

5. Balcony – A horizontal platform in form of

cantilever with outside extension
projecting from a wall of building
& surrounded with a railing is called
as balcony. Balcony is to enjoy the
view outside.

6. Doorway – The opening made at wall to permit

entrance & exit for people / anything
required for activity. It also acts as
a link between other rooms.

7. Walls – Walls are vertical elements which support

the roof. It can be made from stones,
bricks, concrete blocks, etc. Wall provide
an enclosure and protect against wind,
sunshine, rain, etc.
8. Lintels – Lintels are constructed above the
wall openings like doors, windows,
etc. These structures support the
weight of the wall coming over the
opening. Lintels can be either
constructed from concrete or bricks.

9. Floors – The floor is the surface laid on the

plinth level. It can be made by tiles,
concrete, granites, etc. It is raised
above the surrounding level because
of rainwater, etc.

10. Railing – It assists the ascend/descend or

provide support to humans. It acts
as a safety. It can be find on stairs
and steps.

Name – Samiksha V. Temdhare

Studio – B
PIADS, Nagpur