MARINE OIL TERMINALS
Efender = Energy to be absorbed by the fender system
Evessel = Berthing energy of vessel [ft-lbs]
F = Site Class F as defined in Table 31F-6-1
Fa, Fv = Site coefficients from Tables 31F-3-3 and
31F-3-4, respectively
FA = Accidental factor accounting for abnormal
conditions
g = Acceleration due to gravity [32.2 ft/sec2]
h = Elevation above water surface [feet]
k = Radius of longitudinal gyration of the vessel [ft]
K = Current velocity correction factor (Fig 31F-3-2)
PGAX = Peak ground acceleration corresponding to the
site class under consideration.
s = Water depth measured from the surface
Sa = Spectral acceleration
S1 = Spectral acceleration value (for the boundary of
Site Classes B and C) at 1.0 second
SS = Spectral acceleration value (for the boundary of
Site Classes B and C) at 0.2 seconds
SX1 = Spectral acceleration value at 1.0 second
corresponding to the period of S1 and the site
class under consideration
SXS = Spectral acceleration value at 0.2 seconds
corresponding to the period of SS and the site
class under consideration
T = Draft of vessel (see Figure 31F-3-2)
T = Period [sec]
T0 = Period at which the constant acceleration and
constant velocity regions of the design spectrum
intersect
Vc = Average current velocity [knots]
vc = Current velocity as a function of depth [knots]
Vh = Wind speed (knots) at elevation h
VL = Over land wind speed
Vn = Berthing velocity normal to the berth [ft/sec]
vt = Velocity over a given time period
Vt=30sec = Wind speed for a 30 second interval
Vw = Wind speed at 33-foot (10 m) elevation [knots]
W = Total weight of vessel and cargo inpounds
[displacement tonnage × 2240]
WD = Water Depth (Figure 31F-3-2)
3103F.11 References.
[3.1] American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE),
2017, ASCE/SEI 41-17 (ASCE/SEI 41), “Seismic
Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings,”
Reston, VA.
2019 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE
[3.2] Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA),
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[3.3] Idriss, I.M. and Sun, J.I., 1992, “User’s Manual
for SHAKE91, A Computer Program for
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Analyses of Horizontally Layered Soil Deposits,”
Center for Geotechnical Modeling, Department of
Civil and Environmental Engineering, University
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[3.4] Somerville, Paul G., Smith, Nancy F., Graves,
Robert W., and Abrahamson, Norman A., 1997,
“Modification of Empirical Strong Ground Motion
Attenuation Relations to Include the Amplitude and
Duration Effects of Rupture Directivity,”
Seismological Research Letters, Volume 68,
Number 1, pp.199-222. >
[3.5] Pile Buck Inc., 1992, “Mooring Systems, A Pile
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[3.6] Oil Companies International Marine Forum
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(MEG3),” 3rd ed., London, England.
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Taylor, C., Burke, D., Seelig, W., and Kelly, S.,
1999, “Seismic Criteria for California Marine Oil
Terminals,” Vol. 1 and Vol. 2, Technical Report
TR-2103-SHR, Naval Facilities Engineering
Service Center, Port Hueneme, CA.
[3.8] National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Contact: National PORTS Program Manager,
Center for Operational Oceanographic Products
and Services, 1305 EW Highway, Silver Spring, MD
20910.
[3.9] Department of Defense, 3 October 2005 (Change 2,
23 June 2016), Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) 4-
159-03, “Design: Moorings,” Washington, D.C.
[3.10] Chakrabarti, S. K., 1987, “Hydrodynamics of
Offshore Structures,” Computational Mechanics.
[3.11] Kriebel, David, “Mooring Loads Due to Parallel
Passing Ships,” Technical Report TR-6056-OCN,
US Naval Academy, 30 September 2005.
[3.12] Wang, Shen, August 1975, “Dynamic Effects of
Ship Passage on Moored Vessels,” Journal of the
Waterways, Harbors and Coastal Engineering
Division, Proceedings of the American Society of
Civil Engineers, Vol. 101, WW3, Reston, VA.
[3.13] Seelig, William N., 20 November 2001, “Passing
Ship Effects on Moored Ships,” Technical Report
TR-6027-OCN, Naval Facilities Engineering
Service Center, Washington, D.C.
[3.14] Moffatt & Nichol, April 2007, “Tsunami Hazard
Assessment for the Ports of Long Beach and Los
Angeles – FINAL REPORT,” prepared for the
Ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles.
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