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    A Study of the Feasibility of Using Eig

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    A Study of The Feasibility of Using Eig

    Uploaded by

    ikame jet

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Stolen men cpt Bidet capi mee ures Aymar. Mao Ste de More, ai Sore Boa Hane Sie See Se, at Hiius Wiha end ted Cons de Sina Ewen, orl Sem nd Ceca, Bepamton, New Yo SERS trary lin og sen eet Faspeca ing malware a i ge u “ie eg ear Nu Sh Homme in Pus Nag yc a in aii i WS Bed Gry Ri Te arpa pl nti 4 ae foot ‘oie Cader at Meo ate 52-128; oan of ef Tec tr Ft, Jrae Hak Ou Kiet Th int inf le: ‘re peo aa or (Faken Test eed mT 9.20 Sei ee ote en Tide oe eee yc gegen sete a area ee ct ag uo pint eet pain Be ite ae ETH trae fimo i me rani oe Talaeate aypunae fein Act Malta Samoa ee ah Ease pe ‘rst fo ea ay atte Valet en a it nti The Ottoman Empire and the World-Economy ied by HURL [SLAMOGLU-INAN Comte Unveniy Pen, 49B% NENEE new tect Mabon Syey > A Batons dels Main de Scenes de Home ie he Pe Sen iy Ce Pah aeta hee ta ny oe Sk Fe Stn Red Ou a 0 aaa ‘nn ain de Se Hee (© aon ee Ha nt oi ny OF iis oer cers. (amy nen pe Barebone ‘tae ey epee Bee hae Sie Contents in fiat Linus Aedes nada: el dpe watt gece Laehentnsinentcentry Eso ern 2 Agenda for Oem bony Inoaivet WALLEAsPai¥, HALE OECOELL and RESAT tconony i orca atl rng these etary on! fsuanoous-inan 15 The coon amine andi fet onthe Oxoman Epi vot vi Comes {8 Comme protection fr workomahes and eins of Profucion i Ovoran arse, 80-1013, 2 imine acumaaion i yp 1798-182 nal deine, SS0T080 omar gieanen 1 Neen pion ten tn done Tonniva raxogil 12 The leet duty of Mount Leann, 140-114: study (Fe poster ad Wao 0 tory produc ee Poor owen 18 Thesll nde of Bona, 180-1914 Donato quarasnr 14 A prvsonal report concerning the pct of Europea capita toma port were, 1850-1909 15 The Venesan peice nthe Onoman Empire, 150-90 sveniva rancgn 16 Abia) ofthe ey of ing eghens-enury Ovoman 17 When nd ow Bh coven gods invaded the Levant ares a 262 ou Illustrations 52. Towns aed wade rosin Ror 55 Denman abt revenues rm sete die in Rum 311 The Mie Danie nthe eigen cerry 1S ets in operation MU Lebanon «1913 Figures 101, Compe net fhe pi 103 Camporese 12) Soge tit potucon Te] bese werd ~ eur on mel ements 162, Goapivefinens of ater fete 18 1h Grape tine of ats 162s 128 tea Ging inde o ats 13 e189 168 Grape tinea of ats 118 618 ica Gost atneta 133 cn 250 a Tables. 39 Sin fen dsc of Ram fo vo led prada te tenth fem dents of Rum fe oat pros in the stenth eal popaton n Rum: a aur apps fener pers uring th sitet etary ‘ecenage tar popunen change overall an anol ee Proportion each (aca otal number eftarpayersin Prcenoge urn population change-ovralland annual aes seromt Gian predecton and poplin indexes or ata in Rum Exit ri ie nd ot of change 1651520 Enno gra ike td ate of hang W395 Ents of grain ihe and rate change 1520, 1534 1574 Ta levied on smal Ram Comme sod manaicuring tne in rr seas Wiest a tay production per taxpayer: Rum for sete Dens rng he seen centr edae for he peducon of sone eops ‘rrcenager ange ine sense om nomena ops ‘Reveusfom none cope 136 ca M8 Tebles Nore nde of amen nde in he amps Iie dns lnnn eit toner toe lr ‘tptucon a ose pv oe Oona Ege Sota dtsbwion tandonsesipand enn paein Tatu of pont tienen Otay eeare Sewn! nd [eke orci. {ng tr, 1-30 Tovetaty ld comme {ee en cp, 1404 Spun tpt ann ps a as fron Otome oes ng ote hn Bar Ep ron jn HE od pokcieh chent19713 11016 {eso send po Syn sane, ‘roca of he ng ce Sr tread dng rion Sinan 1201 1941-2 Sa edoen ptin i Be paced dir teat een topo Stormer eter sn pein Bur province sd he ecto a Beep nth Bae 16-1006 tinny Debian pve Ste doc aos Fran ccer pnts Tyee yeu 191-38 nm sd ene ep ‘Stor at senha fre Fee Who fade jor fn tects a Elieemopsr fietnStemeetene arp ae 16 » A study of the feasibility of using eighteenth-century Ottoman financial records as an indicator of economic activity rope te txprin eign ade gsr acpi ta ve bean [porate bre in isi of complet and iterated anges inal iecconmy tat ete inte India Revelation. Did woh an eso immediate orig “Shraytocntequanitaive earch Theoet important and ten theo, MG Mehmet Geng prec and nc brio pres is av ned ht hey ost Sct mda med sadn sweats sete oSleSayfne aey efmse en wnat mae ‘edvcinOuonan somo Heese sheer een einen a ne ‘cy ifn cha rato ema Toma se enone nigh bess ys stnip commas {See Lely aan ate tere wan corpo oe magsng setenv conn reo gral aa Stn hn ea rnin te pu ra ay, ‘armbveno anshp acer" therea volume ferocity. “This abo, by the treo hing 2 pot! ntaton. General, ‘sorely’ eomtevbureineteen erro extn acy where ‘epending oa the periods ty, elev feeneme develope sn he ‘tivenes o ancl craton, Ve toon eine Ise at ‘ton Seid stow; x gars re alma aly weld fo he el Inde raga reghethenry trun cn ‘ance Senor as own tharbewcen 0 and 170 the vale of wade ‘using troup th port Salon inrened by $0 percent By eer in atoand D5 per cen Vriowvuree nae hate port em espe ‘venue delivered othe Tren nye hn aon gods entering td Ieavng Lent rained fontnt at 4400 ge Say the eae ‘heady at 5,170 kargesor the forty Yeats between 1748 aed 1798 Hence the theveume father ada remained ead slang Even ‘tue amume tht the turmeric) bad cone ay nee a Eighteen Ottoman facil rads w tha no decline eer tok pe, that evryching snp contaued ame (ioc ent snpy ot pes Of oune, Ota oer wards Sn changeoflowarpertaprminmal bt even nan ecosony where ‘heagrearal sean wos drinan, ere mat have ben shrter cea ‘movement As my ractch propre a that no mater bow mach the eal neem fom any enon acy may have reeds Tithe amount eevee oe the Feu Bila change Sine nec tae tw vale ayed fed ad the ster wan red, no dete ot Icsigfl relonshipbetneen he ro cold be cae Finally che Cour any ing ato hy erewarichadifetene betwen the rea¥ae ix eetoc andthe aan ht ened te Trey ad, even are ner ny rea one eva he ‘treet entry om ar -inparsars rg pordoncl heer nee shitting being vena nach ere (tds an) rate canting fears which would pt cxplin he Irmo fhe ges wenoned above This ew stencil mala bythe Otay, nas espe veson othe ‘ngs one with thelongen pnbletern Ari esc yer te feu wereld by acini hs diferente nee com ‘poem its the snot evenue owed othe Tena eery year hat ‘rata by auc, nth ew Se th ery amount wa deermin By {GeTeamy aol heewnpoqueion ibengloneedorrasedby aston Now shat was desided by auson was the aban at had fo be pid by Indl des 0 gain the igh sem pein ofthe team. “This um, called mare the Ottoman Real vsres, was 4 of capitation tht corepnded tthe pret valve the anc ef Sitch yer wld cis by bavng ie ipo eta rt {wing scion. Ta gue wasnor ave attrouphcompleceaptaaation ‘hl dacuoteculane The queios the pottia prchsen ern Feces tuner were iy pl: what wah anil vena Ye ‘Remit (orth unr) What pont heer ado pl the ‘Teamay? How uch would the tenaaing net spar be The potent puss he can to aoe hve usta ay correct ad the Ftancal autores were prepared opt nevey way. Abe made ar blow wast he Dene ot oly of te parca bu ao the ‘Thenablty oftheenmalpaynentte she Tray which at fet eemed 548 Mehmet Geng pring ome ~ actully served she mgotntpurpne of icesng the rh iy to pred He atare expen “Theamwun ol the moval palin ear eine ight the yay net ott ought bythe nak, we decried by the copeton betwee the Eyes withthe rv that woud nant beast Trey {ducal ameunng to gue corepndingioeotocightmestbesaesal et poi Altre recrdedinarepater ope oe publ which was pt rsdepvoment te dao (Teeary) Buding email open or along ‘loinc rsp boertsqueallraevntntrnatan Slewat ‘Rade tate hoe Wider, The porch, who dep the se pcr, ‘Sit he Treasary, was gen a! corte) lly oti ‘gh a expotibesars mainewner With the is deere by ‘Mian! dsbel inthe bt be could manage the arb plowed ‘ull ie deed et toanater Nogoverment lca ober ha the a Ung) hah go ante orton wit teatime ‘tuomaycm tase ote tme nana olds mano ing pod ‘me Atany Une soeone de cold come log wih highs ed ke ttsliy thn the ols The may ower brett, mitou ay rer nanclsacice, the meas asi bald edie iil een os ie His ture reverse werent sabe to ay ester ay exept these ‘Sure and incre a preducvty would ower he herent strand ierene Tipe Torough mechani, the new sytem worked inurl) thera ener bts othe ete Sentry a eee oe nance Ti war wha gine the now ue int ey fhe Oona Fal suo "at the eed of the seventeenth century when the malian stern was ‘hspracice Log yer waar had brought the budget ei = point st ‘which a baltoed bodget ne lconevbl: While xe were ereing "apy eveueswee not ee fang ohecp pce, ut yay bens the spar Sen wien sangre by Shalom wecanconierthesbovemenoned change econ tear Jem rt encom ean nee ‘sae of pected inaiuat The oly important tk these ced wa the feeb hte tax oe igh evel tft insch aya Eringinaigheramnant af evenue than expected a he iw oft f 1695, shen hese mas it appl the pre asin essa tween Eighteen Otten asi reds 319 long war and wa more wore abntBanlng immediate payments than ‘Se fn laos vere. Moreover, i ot com acer) tale Srovionr or an eres i evenun gen the pojcholgal atmosphere Eetedbytheconeietapenonshchnd preva retong. Inanyest, \Gheetherne owing oan renin reves were limited he etme ‘Semalowowser sin when te cner did te alan sone ain ging ‘thea y aut Inthe eae te yeey profane hee aly cmperate er aes hough increase the mane evens a Fernde conspondig to the average etme of the maw one Tn ison cold ve he ax sure fom he denractve eco yey fri wv CGinen hes conon what wa mostingortant forthe fis autho wa the motion of hve pee mare amovnt The sting in (alu the macaw dered by the Tren, depending oe werkt ‘oto, ao ogi te tne anual prot tat won rae the purine Masinissa hema revenae hur determines wa pose ny by iating condone conv to empeton mang the pent “To body open aye, he gest say of whom were alten, ‘tena ote fein longing to hemi or per ee ‘classe have stayed cnn nomber a around one howd fheghou the eighenth cer. Oster the srr af he ter at “din T ch cla was ot sence sierra hal bet ‘Suased cfs nunber of qusindependent uiegroupe made up of ple members the Pre ureacuy, hls gio scholar) de Sess of te wor, solr I rete had he penal To Stan “fodiens of competion Fatheror the central tat rend by weet Seda to mnomie the mare reve, wed 1 autor ese at Compeitiv condo were mainaine! snd improved upon, ily whatever Stata ctor hat sn fated he onination ofa see compete items sana sumption that here would be aed reason between he anna poi acing tte puch ata he ‘hem he dor hand hat fal sata by stn he Same malin thsame ped fete ramp woul expe line 380 Mehinet Geng Figg i pope cma cage yt coe se Siahoc areca heen mite aay sb Sos ek Seater petees anata mepertpean ecient sae ce Rinne Miwentoenapeetelnieea ee Seameiorcame etka Sa neheasie hee ‘nana! mare iat we hw tele peo» pre mal, ast spenaneteantceaneloc eas Sala bie plana ea apace Theo gama Oona he the mal moun pada incomes ain io ing et Fett od wey tdapygivon neice iemcicec oak Fi octane cine cing deccnnpedemrangt ‘ax that had be delete Treaty sonal whch meat wo ‘hin renlinc Onnas acme eit cec opescanal Pecan ener een operon Scigueinteantacsenissatinacateese oy og =hetrcnagtenpe mane ce gpa Cao Sanhedrin essen) Weaalee forint sunt geste ndeat cht a at Tet ate eth lan sth pr ra fom Fg heaps ey sd Eigheotcenary Otome anil rerds ss column) sbows the product of (2 and (b) which isthe rable rotate aide ower. Clon (show te anotnt owed annual the Tres {Caarn shows thermo (cand (8) which ered tthe ges income ‘ofthe mala one. Te scl andes he greta) Ife sume that thea rates donot cange oi determining the depree ot ‘vant grein clu) weet he chngeincevalmecel ‘onoriacinyelated othe malta. il immediately hat Edo ot ‘Geran pale etme day hth am example “Coser ate 6 coming dat onthe evens teexpt t vid concoronand cou ead eprom the Empire Between the eas 4 Shaltol hear walenedatacontantratectaeper slam coon and ae per aa oat dead Weave no wa of ioming wha te relate properiosefeotonand ate threadespored were we sume that cotton {onto ete rein properion te eam, ‘rite of 3008590 ot, and he 7,880 kag, gran vevense fom 1787 Cocrapondt to 4 volume of 073820 sls. Was iin ft the amount ‘perce! The awe feos, no. Leansy witha degre fone, ‘otever tha although do not know the xc mau exported, whatever ‘heamost asin 750 a7 tha irene by 20 pce’ Taste est ‘mporat coh cane baie om knee! he gros ta reves tf hemline rer, We cannot we these gore To desersine te alte ‘olme of economic activity. In order todo that we would need several other [erfiioonaton that we do othave [tapout ete ‘The grein the ()ealarns ofthe appended tabs ave approximate cesinadon cf what he mln er rected ahe wht eon to Calslat ete gra tanrevenes, Pom which one could idea derive ‘herealvelumeofactiviy- temas inportant adios ne would bavefomake ‘oer fin ure which oe could we ering there vlume of ‘eempted tiny aalas However, thecours fy weet derived he anwing ingreion in heehee cena, taxation cons for moto he Inet ten which might be wed in atemp to estimate dhe volume of conan acy chats date trasitand mart dt (a) ap ‘ln (ange) and hid (cramer waractins) tes, were confined 0 582 Mehmet Geng ihn Sto 8 percent ofthe tal eenue Of sori ane mu ase tat TRetacraterremsined constant, when the gene reeves ain the The cond fico o be comic mugged of hich, by ete, cnae be emily meee. There napghing change tt fecalorpansndensndaihenaurefthedererens appl. Ties cmpon ‘ed ld phenomenon which can oly be quand Oogh inc and ere alaatoes ta af py nope at hi inti toe of | ‘ate cpl hose cera dt tere gerd ‘evi rene ee oer remand con dees ord ay ‘theremin drt There athe pce el rhea weit Sf eh ces cerned Inthe prin om 1340179, singe he cea rateonctton expert remain ape tt In 174 whe hep en (Ts eD separa the ate smoeted inves percent Inte Site he pce of coton had steno 122 M0 she per the at Fate neue any 07-00 percent Th ust common at ofthe eet ‘ageing during the cue the ghcesth cetry by making Tat [roftable I worhoing hat his dowaward tend woud veh eto ‘open oe probable cena te cof nas Fly ard 2 equally ingore cr tha aur Omnee ly 8 not ain hl matte; they fare he oat end ‘Therese parton of tet ernest hav be pened a incomect heer san Hence tare the eal alse athe at ‘evens we mutaddea snows oreponding the ait inne oe {oe rvenu oth mle ava stow colunn@) s iet o ‘inatewbat proportion oie even might hve enti inn fr Shemale, bt wecse sume tat he prope remained rately oe Sod not etna. ts proportion acer renonate lant then ‘heratlanoenen ethan sng ou ted ws ect he tr bie 10 appt smcone cle tof the pure, Having invested sels (perape trrwed) under competive condos, he ‘Wecancomsierthigeneralrlofthumbatvalid atin ection out ad maging; the nal ower esting omni breve oat Scat pest nya ne thm wo) wine wide Dis pero dom othe extent ta, arom, be had bee ranted compe ‘hort oer he Sana snd ect anaemia ightuhcetry Otonan faa rads 8 Wat propria ofthe potential tal revenues wold hese ve ators gang Anan nui Avera Sich dosb sd wy separated proporsons i ying to arve a the ‘ool al asrevencrwouleatearwithsuh lage marie eee 0 ‘ich mala oe could perhaps minnie the margins er Tt 26, Keser ta the Ota sources dent sn tae ch prom ti Even wed mt ow xa he tenia tal tax event abate lel ef te me oem avy lng the perenage af he nls at ao ie et ti he ‘trea econome activity. The acuracy of our approximations depends onthe Bath eas th thee? For example did te pproxinatly ‘NO percent crn nthe expr eoton a eat thea brween 730 ive pron can be empicaly veri, no mater how ratoal td ‘ios hy ony se they by wil be of a0 opera ale. i ‘itr int dt suited forma rift rs bie be nowcesitent Teed had sch dats been ray arable, all teow celts nd ‘numptons would hav Been redundast. Neverthe, t il pole o emp aval vets ton bade sme esting agmntary dna Robert ‘arb povded wr nth doom expr fete and ato tend To rant biggest buyer she Emr inthe eighteenth cetury® Thi fh gona Tile 6 ateutnakepebles meant comparson [4 these ble a bilowed bys gph ender Figure 16.2) The graph Innere hat thee ws eat a palpation beeen 1790 and TW. nshe eid 176-70 adeing ap appessbeteen be wo cree If ite pus to sbow tha erate iperanc of France a Otomat ‘otion sn cotonthrend expos Gined tate tat corespanded fo the ot have the quanaie da that would alow demonstrat thi Wed, boner ave some fenton, pry gestae arly gut shea ante serene Ean 5 aa ‘gure haben by more than 230 per cen to 2,175,132 pounds string. Te oow 394 Mehmet Geng ya equivalent fo approximately 20 per cen of te export Frace Forthemore although edo othave an rae figures tereare meat indeatom that here ab igeeat nee in he export af tan ‘ton trend overland 0 Central Europe in hewn half te ce ‘encary Another pee inirmaton sve covert tence we bythe maint eae ues, Ul 1750 the export x at ‘none ws taken ly nga hipped yea Aer hp tas Molwiedannipmentisadecveand Mave scan berenincelame (0 Table 61, besansa payment othe Treauryinereied om 0 ano 15738 fant Te oly way wes pouble 9 expan theese fa {ens penne ately encountered in the mio yer by 2 Svea ees nthe volume a setity bang tae. Were pate o ths cen ilormatonand ao thatnlaedin the ap the en bough coer ogee Unfotnaly we ot fa pation do bie “rote example fsa beter pity fe comparion. Thi xampl, fromibecttom arnt Salon tony morecompleeuttaloreene ‘moe obvisa corte. Tale 62 conta data oh the cavoms uate ot Sonica n Table (62s are the acs in tar ven by Sorc fe ta Ieper expos rota put Figure 169 cides he nen of tse ‘woverca urer Svea das art average over very lang prods lat dere oftheir cretion with be dt i or tables has bt bee ‘Stina ven, igh dep of enn equ iow “Thee camper low tt belie that ur fir, ag dey may contain at mach ars 4 percent margin clr inate ors {be volume olay, ge ch cle aprsimatn ety ‘shenied nicer change overtime in de veune any ptt te, u "haved aml he pobiiy feelin imatng changes ‘rer time nieve a acy of rier sears of te wom. Th Prob canot early bedecrtedbyan enact mathemati prop, It $Stncin of hangest thease lt share (oft potential tears evens () Slane pogrom ep) ea change the Prstabty of sor eon bw: Bate nage oe tne ten the Probabityoeror il changes he ame ratand nthe eden. ther mora elpinteies hen our ents walter oto the cee inthlevelotacviyofepuntingmltn genera tray nara the

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