Journal of ICT in Education (JICTIE)

THE HUMAN & NATURE: AWARENESS 2D ANIMATION IN THE FORM OF SHORT

FILM FOR KIDS

Abstract
The objective of this research was to identify the criteria of Human Nature 2D
animation, develop a Human and Nature 2d animation for kids and to evaluate the
effectiveness of Human and Nature 2d animation among kids. In this age of
technology, environmental pollutions exacerbated by a lack of awareness,
insufficient attention toward nature, and inadequacy of awareness tools. Thus, a
literature review revealed the principle of Human Nature 2D animation. Five previous
studies covering the years 2010 to 2019 studied at the principle of Human Nature 2D
animation. The Human & Nature Awareness 2D Animation in the Form of a Short
Film was developed using the agile methodology. The data was analyzed using
descriptive research, which is a type of quantitative study. The acceptance of Human
and Nature 2d animation among kids is evaluated using descriptive analysis, which
covers the attraction, reaction, and discussion of The Human and Nature animation
among kids. A total of 20 students were picked to observe utilizing a checklist. The
result illustrate that the developed animation performs well and raises children’s
awareness of natural resources.

Keyword: Awareness, 2D animation, & Kids.

INTRODUCTION
Nature is necessary because without it, we would not exist. Problems associated with children's
increasingly sedentary lifestyles begin with problems associated with children's increasingly
sedentary lifestyles, which are characterised by controlled, interior spaces, electronic
distractions, and the substitution of virtual knowledge for direct-contact knowledge. Lack of
awareness about environmental contamination is the research's problem statement. Kids are
unaware of the environmental catastrophe and do not realize that environmental issues like
climate change are result of human activity. “MAN” animation is not attracting for kids because
humorous are important to attract their attention. The demands of the specific type of humor test
were related in a logical manner to cognitive processes, verbal humor being associated with
verbal abstraction ability and mental shifting and cartoon humor being related to the abilities to
focus attention to details and to visually search the environment. Kids are also unconcerned
about the environment. Due to urbanisation and loss of green space, parental worries and
control, authorities, and ‘arms-closed' conservation, children and therefore everyone are
becoming increasingly isolated from nature. (Gelsthorpe 2017). The observed temporal pattern is
consistent with the explanatory role of increased virtual and indoors recreation options such as
television, video games in the disconnect from nature, and it is inconsistent with a pure
urbanization account (Kesebir 2017). The major goal of this project was to create an effective
animation that would raise environmental awareness among children. Animation components
such as appealing and humor is used by the system. This animation teaches about human
behavior in relation to nature and the importance of natural.

This research was conducted to identify the principle of Human & Nature 2D animation.
The other objective of this research is also to develop a Human & Nature 2D animation for kids
 Journal of ICT in Education (JICTIE)

and evaluate the acceptance of Human & Nature 2D animation among kids. To provide a brief
overview of this research, the researcher has discussed several primary elements such as the
study's background, problem statement, research question, research objectives, significance of
the research, and research scope.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Environmental concerns are a problem, according to the researcher's literature review, due to a
lack of environmental education. Lack of knowledge among kids is a problem in environmental
education (EE). The effect of utilising animation to enhance environmental awareness and the
theory of 2d animation has been studied previously. The Human & Nature Animation Consep
was also identified in earlier investigations. Some current product research was carried out in
order to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the existing animaion.

EE aims to change human behaviour in relation to nature, based on multidisciplinary

information that aids decision-making, resulting in a shift in social behaviour that leads to
environmental recovery, conservation, and preservation (Castellanos, Dios, & Ortegon, 2020).
According to Lateh & Muniandy(2010), problems arose during the implementation of EEP in
schools, such as educators' lack of awareness regarding EE, their perception of EEP as an
additional responsibility to educate, and so on. Besides that, according to Edsand &
Broich(2019), environmental challenges must be addressed through education, while locally
produced materials are either unavailable or of poor quality. According to a prior study Othman.
H, M.E., Irwan Mahazir,, Amiruddin, M., & Ismail (2017), multimedia elements for animation
videos were proven to be effective in increasing student creativity and imagery. Cartoon
animations, according to Martzoukou (2020), provide a basis for enabling children to convey
ideas and engage in conversation in class and at home by giving a point of reference that
relieves pressure from the "self."

Timing, ease-in and ease-out/slow-in and slow-out, arcs, anticipation, exaggeration,

squash and stretch, secondary action, follow through and overlapping action, straight ahead and
pose-to-pose action, staging and appeal were identified as 11 animation principles that are
simple to grab children's interest as a result of this literature review. Timing reflects the weight of
an object which is light objects move quickly whereas heavier object move slowly (Curless
2017). Slowing in and out in an animation is organizing the frames in a way that it has more
frames in certain parts of the movement (Salla 2017). To a certain extent, a good developer can
demonstrate anticipation, but this is limited by the law of physics (Joon 2010). Arc principle
states that natural motion occurs in arc, so that should be considered when designing animation
(Paiva 2012). Exaggeration implies pursuing or crossing physical reality’s boundaries to improve
the sensationalize the character’s performance (Joon 2010). Squash flattens an object or
character by pressure or b its own power whereas stretch used to increase the sense of speed
and emphasize the squash by contrast (Curless 2017). Secondary motion is a lot of additional
work in keyframe animation, whereas it is a part of the performance in Mocap (Joon 2010).
According to Segelstad (2019), follow through is how an appendage of an object or character
continues to move after the main action stops. Overlapping action describes the difference
between the main object and the other appendages. Straight-ahead action entails animating a
scene frame by frame, whereas pose-to-pose action entails the creation of key poses spaced
out over time (Joon 2010). Whereas staging according to Paiva (2012), is a ways of
accomplishing this are by positioning lights, camera, music, characters, and surrounding
objects. Design, simplicity, behavior affect appeal and perfect symmetries should avoid (Curless
2017).

River pollution is the major topic of this animation since it is a serious problem that must
be addressed. Increased water temperatures reduce oxygen levels, which can kill fish, disrupt
 Journal of ICT in Education (JICTIE)

food chain structure, reduce species biodiversity, and stimulate the invasion of new thermophilic
species. Besides that, deforestation is also an important content of this animation. Forests
provide a wide range of ecosystem services, from sustainable development and socioeconomic
development products and services including food, wood, and water to global ecological and
economic services including ecosystem functioning, bio - diversity, carbon dynamics, and
climate change mitigation (Chakravarty, Ghosh, Suresh, Dey, & Shukla, 2012).

The animation of previous environments is the emphasis of this section. This study will
highlight the strengths and weaknesses of several forms of environment animation. The
narrative of the animations, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of Padak, Mermaid Pearl's
Plastic Problem, and Zig zag & Sharko animations, are shown in the table below.

Existing Animation Strength Weakness

Padak This animation contains violence.
● The animation’s
character silhouette is ● There is violence in a variety
simple to read. of scenes, such as chopping
fish and fighting among
● Many facial expressions fishes.
such as fear, anger,
sadness, aggression,
and so on.

Chopping fish

Padak’s narrative is about

human-caused fish
extinction. Padak thrives in
the water. Padak gets caught
in a fishing net and ends up
in the fish tank of a sushi
restaurant. In the fish tank,
there’s an elderly flatfish who
has gained the respect of the Fights among fish
other fishes for his capacity
to live. Padak is adamant
about her desire to return to
the ocean. As a result of her
attempt to leave, the fish
tank’s tranquilly is alettezed.
Padak’s battle with the old
flatfish is becoming worse.
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● The animation’s ● Weakness of this animation

character silhouette is is using inappropriate attire.
simple to read. Mermaid wears dress which
is not appropriate
Mermaid Pearl’s Plastic
Problem

Inappropriate attire

Zig is & Sharko ● The animation’s

character silhouette is
simple to read.

● This cartoon features a

variety of expression

● Zag and Sharko use

● Incorporates humor that violence on a frequent basis
is sure to pique the throughout the animation.
interest of children. They are attacking each
other with physical violence.
Sharko attacking Zig
● Uses suitable color
alette ● Marina wears a strapless
green bra in this cartoon,
which is inappropriate for
children to view.
Along with the main
characters, various episodes
feature a variety of
background and minor
characters to the stories,
such as jungle animals,
aquatic forms of life, and
different human characters –
one of these human
characters is depicted as a
Japanese cargo ship captain,
who, as a running gag, often Marina’s attire
collapses his ship into the
island and is forced to go
back home via a rubber
digger.

Table 1: Strength and Weakness of Existing Animation

Strength of all tree animation are the character of the animation are simple and the
 Journal of ICT in Education (JICTIE)

silhouette of the characters are easy to read. According to Wannaporn Chujitarom &
Panichruttiwong (2020), silhouette is the outline, or shadow of the character’s shape. The next
strength of Padak and Zig & Sharko is implementation of various face expression. The character
in both animations demonstrate expression related to their reaction. The recognition accuracy of
6 fundamental emotions evaluated, such as joy, anger, sorrow, surprise, disgust, and fear, as
well as 4 mix emotions, such as excited, furious, frustrated, and wicked, to demonstrate the
authenticity of the expressions created using our technique (Broekens, Qu, & Brinkman).
Besides that, Zig & Sharko have an additional strength: comedy. According to Fein &
Kasher(1996), the humor occurs when cartoons stress or exaggerate essential visual features
to readers, these elements form the cartoon's code, and viewers do not have to analyze all of
the content in the cartoons. Weakness of both Padak and Zig & Sharko are using violence in
animation. Violence victims are depicted in cartoons in a realistic manner, therefore sanitizing
the consequences of violence. Themes of violence and criminality are among the most
engaging, and with time and repetition, children get used to, enjoy, and mimic them (Singer,
2019). Weakness of Zig & Sharko and Mermaid Pearl’s Plastic Problem are wearing
inappropriate attire. According to Guan(2013), each different body form needs a new simulation,
which necessitates a lot of human work, such as manually selecting the right fabric size for each
character and arranging the cloth in proper beginning locations.

The Literature review that made by researcher has conclude that, environmental facing
problem because of the problem in environmental education. This environmental education
facing problem because of lack of understanding among teacher, and material used to
enhance environmental education. Some of previous study conducted to find the principle of
animation and effect of using animation. Studies also conducted to investigate the strength and
weakness of existing 2D animation.

METHODOLOGY
Research methodology, according to C.R. Kothari (1990), is a method for solving a research
problem in a systematic manner. It may be thought of as a science that studies how scientific
research is carried out. RQ1 execution method, RQ2 execution method, and RQ3 execution
method, are the methodologies used in this study.

The literature review approach was utilized to produce the first RQ. Literature reviews,
according to Laura Aaron, are an effective approach to summarize material that has been written
on a certain topic. Agile Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model was carried out to
achieve second RQ. Therefore, agile methodology becomes the right technique for projects that
must be delivered in a short period of time due to faster development, testing, and frequent user
input. Plan, then design, then develop, test, deploy, and finally feedback are stages of Agile. First
stage in agile software development includes plan or analysis. A thorough explanation of what was
required to make the 2D animation was planned. The problem was recognized, and a literature
study was conducted during the planning process. The storyboard, character design, and
animation background are all included in this animation creation. This design was created using a
variety of software. The development was completed utilizing the design created in the previous
phase. Adobe Animate was used to create the Human & Nature 2D Awareness Animation. To
make the animation more engaging and attractive, the development involves varying motion,
sound effects, and shots. After that, the developed product is put to the test. The purpose of the
test is to check that the animation generated can be played in any video player. After the
animation has been tested, all end users of the product will be able to utilize it in a centralized
environment. Therefore, The Human & Nature 2D animation has been made available on
YouTube. At the feedback was gathered using a checklist that evaluated the students' reactions,
attentiveness, conversation, and attractiveness to the Human & Animation.

To accomplish third RQ observation methodology was utilized. . According to Ciesielska &

 Journal of ICT in Education (JICTIE)

Jemielniak (2018) Indirect observation is a method of gathering information about past or present
occurrences without having direct access to them. Material evidence, video recordings, and
textual records may all be valuable sources of information about the life of a community. Checklist
was used as a instrument of observation. This checklist was established to evaluate the
acceptance of Human and Nature animation. This checklist evaluates children's attention,
reaction, conversation, and impression on the animated film.

The research was effectively structured because to this methodology. The methodologies
included in this study are used to achieve the research's goal. The methodology used in this study
explains the approaches used to achieve all of the goals, which include identifying the principle of
Human & Nature Awareness 2D animation, developing a product, and evaluating acceptability of
The Human & Nature 2D animation.

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

This section conducted to explain thoroughly about methodology that applied in The Human &
Nature Awareness 2D Animation. The methodology used to develop The Human & Nature
animation is Agile SDLC. Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) methodologies are
mechanisms to assure that software meet established requirements. These methodologies
impose various degrees of discipline to the software development process with the goal of making
the process more efficient and predictable (Dora & Dubey, 2013). This model includes plan,
design, develop, test, deploy and feedback.

Figure 1 Agile SDLC Model

The planning stage is the first phase in the development of The Human & Natures
animation. In this case, the issue was identified as a problem with concerning environmental
awareness, existing awareness that was not appealing, and a problem with kid's attention.
Character design was done with Adobe Animate. A father named John, a mother named Rina, a
kid named Joel, a monkey, and an elephant are among the characters. In addition, storyboards
are created in this section. The storyboard was used to prepare and decide on the researcher's
posture, character design, and other effects. The developing step begins once the system design
phase is completed. Using Adobe Animate software, the complete design begins to evolve in this
phase. Rigging, motion, effect, and scene are the four categories of work in the development
process. A total of 12 scenes were utilized in this animation. For these sequences, a variety of
 Journal of ICT in Education (JICTIE)

backgrounds were employed. Timing, ease-in and ease-out/slow-in and slow-out, arcs,
anticipation, exaggeration, squash and stretch, secondary action, follow through and overlapping
action, straight ahead action and pose-to-pose action, staging, and appeal are all included in this
development. The produced product was tested in this step to confirm that it was working properly.
Movie & TV, Windows Media Player, and VLC were utilized. The Human and Nature animation is
now available on YouTube. This animation is open to the public and may be viewed by anybody.
YouTube was chosen as the marketing medium since, in addition to the research participants, all
other children may profit from it. The evaluation is conducted towards completing the requirements
once all previous development phases have been completed. The observation approach was used
to evaluate in this feedback phase. A checklist was created in this case to evaluate the animation
and ensure that it was well-designed.

The Agile SDLC model, which is employed in animation production, has an impact on
producing a well-organized animation. Plan, design, test, develop, release, and feedback are the
six phases of the Human & Nature animation that utilises Agile SDLC. Analysis of the problem and
a review of the literature are all part of the planning process. Character design, background
design, and storyboard are all examples of design. Following design, the design was put into
development, which combined all of the designs into one product. Then it was tested using three
video players. The animation was subsequently released on YouTube, which allows it to reach a
large audience quickly, and it was finally evaluated using the observation approach in feedback
phase.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The researcher used a literature review to identify The Human & Nature animation principle. The
Human & Nature animation was put through a data analysis to evaluate the acceptance of
developed animation among kids. It was evaluated by observing children's behavior as they
watched the animation and noting it on a checklist. This evaluation is then converted to a bar
chart and expressed as a percentage and a value.

Based on the table of principles in Chapter 2, the researcher has applied the principles in
the development of Human & Nature: Awareness 2D Animation in form of Short Film. Every
scene in this animation consists of animation. Principle that included in this animation is timing,
ease-in and ease-out/slow-in and slow-out, arcs, arcs, anticipation, exaggeration, squash and
stretch, secondary action, follow through and overlapping action, straight ahead action and
pose-to pose, staging and appeal.

Evaluation Record Of 2D Animation was carried out. This research was an approach to
quantitative research. Quantitative research method, according Apuke(2017) to deals with
quantifying and analyzing variables in order to get results. The study instrument made it very
simple for the researcher to collect data. Observation enabled the checklist to be completed. In
this case, it was the parents who were in charge of observing their children's reactions to the
developed product. The evaluation of The Human & Nature awareness 2D animation was
carried out for 7 years old kids. This assessment was carried out by the children's parents. The
parents assisted the researcher in observing the children's behavior and filling out the checklist.
In total, 20 people were evaluated and analyzed as part of the inquiry. Children's attention to
animation, discussion of characters and narratives, environmental inquiries, animation's
influence on children, children's laughter, sympathetic facial expressions, joyous emotions, and
puzzle expressions were all observed and evaluated.
 Journal of ICT in Education (JICTIE)

Figure 2: Bar chart of The Human & Nature observation analysis

Twenty children's attentiveness to animation was observed and recorded. It shows 20

children, indicating that all of the children are paying attention to the animation. 18 children, 90
percent of whom talked animation characters, and 12 children, 90 percent of whom discussed
animation storylines; around 90 percent of children inquired about the environment. Animation has
influenced 15 children (75%), while 25% of children have not been influenced.

All 20 children have laughed while watching the animation; however, only 60% of children
have expressed sympathetic facial expressions; the remaining 40% of children have not
expressed any sympathetic reaction. Approximately 100% of children have observed that they
enjoy watching The Human & Nature animation. Animation of Humans and Nature Finally, half of
the children reported having a puzzled expression on their faces, while the other half did not.

Finally, several principals can be identified in the development of this animation in the
presence of a literature review. These animation findings show that the animation was
successfully created and reached its goal. It can be said because many children react differently
to this animation, demonstrating that children pay close attention to the Human and Nature
animation.

CONCLUSION
The researcher will briefly explain the overall results of the research, as well as ideas for refining
the study, based on the findings of the study. This chapter also wraps up the entire chapter,
which is the last chapter in this chapter once product development is finished.ecap the
importance of the findings dan give suggestion for future research. The first objectives of this
paper is to figure out what the principle of Human & Nature Animation is. Second, the aim of this
study is to develop a Human & Nature 2D animation for kids, and then to evaluate their
acceptance of the animation.

The principle of The Human & Nature Animation was identified through a literature review
employing five sources, as shown in the previous chapter. The Agile SDLC methodology is a
crucial approach that aids the researcher in organizing the animation development process.
Finally, the observation method provide data for evaluate animation acceptability The Human &
Nature animation.
 Journal of ICT in Education (JICTIE)

The data analysis results indicate The Human & Nature animation is best suitable for
children. Apart from that, the majority of the children's actions are consistent with the goal of
producing this animation. The Human & Nature animation received positive feedback from all of
the participants. The first objectives of this paper is to figure out what the principle of Human &
Nature Animation is. Second, the aim of this study is to develop a Human & Nature 2D animation
for kids, and then to evaluate their acceptance of the animation. The principle of The Human &
Nature Animation was identified through a literature review employing five sources, as shown in
the previous chapter. The Agile SDLC methodology is a crucial approach that aids the researcher
in organizing the animation development process. Finally, the observation method provide data
for evaluate animation acceptability The Human & Nature animation. The data analysis results
indicate The Human & Nature animation is best suitable for children. Apart from that, the majority
of the children's actions are consistent with the goal of producing this animation. The Human &
Nature animation received positive feedback from all of the participants.

Advantages
I. This animation contains varieties movement.
II. An adequate sound effect was used in this animation
III. Different type of principal has applied in this animation
IV. No payment required to view the animation.
V. The piques kids’ curiosity and inspires them to learn more
VI. Its intriguing and engaging because of the use of a audio, graphic and video interactive
animation

Disadvantages

I. The animation didn’t use tracking shot which made the animation more realistic
II. Dialogue should add because some kids not able to understand from reaction

Recommendation and Future Studies

The research has suggested some recommendations and future studies:

I. Use more than one channel to deploy the animation
II. A larger-scale endeavor should be undertaken, with study involving all elementary and
primary school kids to assess acceptance.
III. In the following project, the duration of the animation can be extended.
IV. Since this animation lacks a tracking shot, a tracking shot should be used in future
animations.
 Journal of ICT in Education (JICTIE)

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