@ + bw nae Page Tue, December. 2001 217 M4 3.9 Problems 3 32 33 34 35 36 Prove that for 3 hexagonal geometry, the co-channel reuse ratio given by Q = /SW, where N= i? + iff Hint: Use the cosine law and the hexagonal cell geometry. If two independent voltage signals, vI(Q and v2(0, are added together to provide a new resulting signa, prove that under certain conditions the resulting signal as the same power asthe sum ofthe individual powers. What ae these conditions? What special conditions ‘must apply fr this esut to be valid when the signals are uncorrelated? Show thatthe frequency reuse Factor fora cellular system is glven by WS, where Kis the average numberof channels per cell and Ss the total namber of channels available to the cellular service provider. 1 20 Mliz of total spectrum is allocated fora duplex wireless cellar system and each sin- plex channel has 25 KH RF bandwidth find (0) the umber of duplex channels (0) the otal numberof channels per cel st, f ‘A cellular service provider decides to use a digital TDMA scheme which can tolerate a signal- tovinterference ratio of 15 eB in the worst case, Find the optimal value of WV for (@ omnidirectional antennas, (b) 120° sectoring, and (€) 60° sectoring. Should sectoring be ‘sed? IPs, which case (0° of 120°) shouldbe used? (Assume a path loss exponent of n= and consider trunking efficiency.) ‘You ae asked to determine the sigalto-intrference ratio (SIR or CI) an the forward tink of a cellular aystor, when the mobile fs located on the fringe of its serving call. Assume that al cells have equal radi and that base stations have equal powee ad ae located inthe centers ofeach cell. Also assume that each cell ransmits an independent signal, such that interfering signal powers may be added, Let us define a “tier” of cells a being the collec- tion of co-channel cell that are more-o less the same distance aay from the mobile fn the serving cll. This problem explores the impact ofthe cluster size (.., frequency reuse dis tance), the numberof ters used inthe calculation of C/ and the effect ofthe propagation path lass exponent on C/L. (@ What isthe average distance (in terms of R) between the mabile on the fringe of the serving cell and the Sst ter of co-channel cells? (These cells are called the “nearest reighbors") How many cells ate located in the Hrs er? Solve for the case of WV» Ne 3, N=4, = and N= 12 cluster sizes, How does the average distance compa to valu of D= QR, where Q = »/31V? (b) What the average distance (in terms of R) between the mobile on the fringe of the serving cell and the second and third er of co-channel cll, ad how many cells ae a the second and thied tir of co-channel cell for the cases of N= 1, W=3,.N=4, N=. and N= 12 cluster ies? (©) Determine the forward link Cl for the following frequency reuse designs: N= 1, N'=3, N= 4,.~7, and NV~ 12. Assume thatthe propagation path loss exponent i four, and ‘evaluate the Sl contibution de to ust he fs er and then due to adiional outer ers ‘of co-channel cells. Indicate the numberof ets a which there diminishing cont tion to the interference at the mobile cel reuse s used (Repeat par (9), except now considera line-of-sight path loss exponent of n= 2. Notice the huge impact thatthe propagation path loss exponent has on C/l. What can you say —$—@ [Frnt yn = ‘Chapter 3 + The Celular ConcoplSystem Design Fundamentals pst about the cluster size, path loss exponent, and the CI values which result? How would ‘this impact practical wireless system design? 3.7 Suppose that 2 mobile station is moving along a straight line between base stations BS, and BS, as shown in Figure P3.7. The distance between the base stations 's D= 2000 m, For simplicity, assume small sele fading is neglected and the received power (in dBm) at base station from the mobile station, is modeled as a function of distance on the everse link P,fd) ~ Fy~Wnlogio(d,'d) (@Bm) f= 1.2 where ds the distance between the mobile and the base station i ln meters, Py Is the received power at distance dy from the mobile antenna, Assume that Py = 0 mobile son (wore case) (worst case BW- 120° three sectors 2imerfeting BS's BW = 60° Figure P3.28 Cluster size N = 3, three and six sectors. ‘We want to determine the maximum carried tafe per cell when cluster size is reduced to = 3 and N= 4 using three sectors (BH'= 60") and six sectors (BH = 120") (four possible configurs- tons). Assume tha all sectorzed antennas ae installed atthe same time. Consider the fist er of ccocchannel cells only. fa) Determine the minimum SIR atthe mobile (Le., when the mobile is located atthe cel oundary a indicated in Figure P3.28), fr cluster sizes N= 3 and 4, with three and six sectors, Determine which configurations (cluster size N- number af secros) are feasible regarding co-channel interference (ke., configurations where the minimum STR s equal to or exceeds 18.7 dB). Note that the numberof interferers in the frst tier depends on@ |S revmmnnenrreanoerim som + “Chapter 8» The Galuar ConcaplSystem Design Fundamentals the cluster size used and the number of sectors per cell. Use the expression above to ‘compute the minimum SIR. (6). For each configuration (N'=3, 4 and three and six sectors per cel) determine the maximum ‘amie trafic per cell at blocking probability of 2% and 300 voice channels available inthe system, Assume that users are uniformly distributed ove the service area and, therefore, all sectors ate assigned an equal numberof channels 3.29 Pretend your company won a license to build a U.S. cellular system (the application cost forthe license was only $500!). Your license isto cover 140 square kan. Assume a base sta- tion costs $500,000 and a MTSO costs $1,500,000. An extra $500,000 is needed to adver tise and start the business. You have convinced the bank to loan you $6 million, with the {dea that in four years you will have earned $10 million in gross billing revenues, and will have paid off te loan (@) How many base stations (te, cel stes) will ou be able to install fr $6 millon? (b) Assuring the earth fs lat and subscribers are uniformly distributed on the ground, what ‘assumption can you make about the coverage area of ea of your cll sites? What isthe ‘major radius ofeach of your cells, assuming a hexagonal mosaic? (Assume that dhe average customer will pay $50 per month over a four year petiod ‘Assume that onthe fist day you turn your system on, you have a certain number of cus- tomers which remains fixed throughout the year. On the frst day of each new year, the ‘number of customers using your system doubles and then remains fixed for the rest of ‘that year, What isthe minimum number of customers you must have on the first day of| service in otder to have eared $10 million in gross billing revenues by the end of the Ath yar af operation? (For your answer in (c) how many users per square km ae needed onthe frst day of service In order to reach the $10 million mark after the Ath year?