Umm Al-Qura University

College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture

Electrical Engineering Department

Advanced math (1)

SUBMISSION DATE: Friday , Oct 15 , 2021

Homework #2:

Complex Functions and Mappings

Prepared by
Monthir Rakkah 439010118
Sultan Al-johani 439008414
Abdullah Al-baqami 436040448
Ammar Al-harbi 437008959

Group #6
 Report by: Monther Rakkah
Sultan Al-johani
Abdullah Al-baqami
Homework: #2 Ammar Al-harbi
TEAM: #6
 Report by: Monther Rakkah
Sultan Al-johani
Abdullah Al-baqami
Homework: #2 Ammar Al-harbi
TEAM: #6

2.1:
In Problem 24, find the natural domain of the given complex
function 𝒇.
𝟑𝒛+𝟐ⅈ
24) 𝒇(𝒛) =
𝒛𝟑 +𝟒𝒛𝟐+𝒛

Answer:

𝒛𝟑 + 𝟒𝒛𝟐 + 𝒛 ≠ 𝟎

𝒛(𝒛𝟐 + 𝟒𝒛 + 𝟏) ≠ 𝟎

𝒛≠𝟎 (𝒛𝟐 + 𝟒𝒛 + 𝟏) ≠ 𝟎

−𝟒 ± √𝟒𝟐 − 𝟒(𝟏)(𝟏)
𝒛≠
𝟐

−𝟒 ± √𝟏𝟐
𝒛≠
𝟐

−𝟒 ± 𝟐√𝟑
𝒛≠
𝟐

𝒛 ≠ −𝟐 ± √𝟑

𝑫𝒇 = 𝑪 − {𝟎, −𝟐 ± √𝟑}
 Report by: Monther Rakkah
Sultan Al-johani
Abdullah Al-baqami
Homework: #2 Ammar Al-harbi
TEAM: #6

2.2:
In Problems 1–8, proceed as in Example 1 or Example 2 to
find the image S’ of the set S under the given complex
mapping .

6) 𝒇(𝒛) = (𝟏 + ⅈ)𝒛; 𝑆 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑦 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏

Answer:
𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦) = 𝑢 + 𝑖ⅴ

𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦) = (1 + 𝑖)(𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦) = 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦 + 𝑖𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑖(𝑥 + 𝑦)

𝑢=𝑥–𝑦 , 𝑣=𝑥+y

𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑁𝑜𝑤 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 𝑖𝑛 𝑢 𝑎𝑛𝑑 v

𝑢 = 𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 1 , 𝑣 = 𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 1

𝑢 = −𝑥 + 1 , 𝑣 = 3𝑥 + 1

𝒗
𝒙= −𝟏
𝟑
𝒗
Putting 𝒙 = − 𝟏 in u = -𝑥+1
𝟑

𝐯
u=-( − 𝟏 )+1
𝟑

𝒗
u = - + 𝟐.
𝟑
 Report by: Monther Rakkah
Sultan Al-johani
Abdullah Al-baqami
Homework: #2 Ammar Al-harbi
TEAM: #6

2.3:
In Problems 1–6, (a) find the image of the closed disk |z| ≤ 1 under the
given linear mapping w = f(z) and (b) represent the linear mapping with
a sequence of plots .

5) 𝒇(𝒛) = 𝟐𝒛 − ⅈ

Answer:
This is the mapping which magnifies the disk by a factor of 2 and shifts
it vertically down i unit. In other words, the radius of our disk doubles
and it’s center shifts by negative i.

|𝒘 + ⅈ| ≤ 𝟐.
 Report by: Monther Rakkah
Sultan Al-johani
Abdullah Al-baqami
Homework: #2 Ammar Al-harbi
TEAM: #6

2.4:
In Problems 15–20, find the image of the given set under the given
composition of a linear function with the squaring function.

16) the line segment from 0 to –1+ i ; 𝒇 (𝒛)= √𝟐𝒛𝟐 + 𝟐 − ⅈ

Answer:
From 0 to -1+i

𝒇(𝒛)= √𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐 − ⅈ
The line 0 to -1+i ; 𝜽 = 𝟑𝝅 ∕ 𝟒

𝒇(𝒛)= 𝒛𝟐 ; angle 2(𝟑𝝅 ∕ 𝟒)= 𝟑𝝅 ∕ 𝟐

Module 0 and -1+i ; 0 to √𝟐
𝟐
These points from 𝟎𝟐 = 𝟎 to (√𝟐) = 𝟐

𝒖=𝟎 , −𝟐 ≤ 𝒗 ≤ 𝟎

𝒇(𝒛)= √𝟐𝒛𝟐
𝒖=𝟎 , −𝟐√𝟐 ≤ 𝒗 ≤ 𝟎

𝒇(𝒛)= √𝟐𝒛𝟐 + 𝟐 − ⅈ
𝒖 = 𝟐 − 𝟐√𝟐 − 𝟏 ≤ 𝒗 ≤ −𝟏

𝟐 − ⅈ(𝟐√𝟐 + 𝟏).
 Report by: Monther Rakkah
Sultan Al-johani
Abdullah Al-baqami
Homework: #2 Ammar Al-harbi
TEAM: #6

2.5:
𝟐ⅈ
19. Consider the function h(z) = + 𝟏 defined on the extended
𝒛
complex plane.

(a) Using the fact that h is a composition of the reciprocal function

f(z)=1/z and the linear function g(z)=2iz + 1, that is, h(z) = g(f(z)),
describe in words the action of the mapping w = h(z).

Answer:
𝟐ⅈ
the function 𝒉(𝒛) = + 𝟏
𝒛

Consider 𝒉(𝒛) = 𝒈(𝒇(𝒛))

Where
𝟏
𝒇 (𝒛) =
𝒛

𝒈(𝒛) = 𝟐ⅈ𝒛 + 𝟏
Therefore, the mapping 𝒉(𝒛) = 𝒈(𝒇(𝒛)) is the combination of invert in
the unit circle and reflect across the real axis.

Magnified by the factor 2 as |𝟐ⅈ| = 𝟐

𝝅 𝝅
Rotation by the factor counterclockwise as 𝑨𝒓𝒈(𝟐ⅈ) =
𝟐 𝟐

Translated by 1 units in x direction.

 Report by: Monther Rakkah
Sultan Al-johani
Abdullah Al-baqami
Homework: #2 Ammar Al-harbi
TEAM: #6

2.5:
𝟐ⅈ
19. Consider the function h(z) = + 𝟏 defined on the extended
𝒛
complex plane.

(b) Determine the image of the line x = 4 under w = h(z).

Answer:

Consider the line

x=4
𝟏
Under the reciprocal mapping 𝝀 = the vertical line 𝒙 = 𝒌, 𝒌 ≠ 𝟎
𝒛
transforms to
𝟏 𝟏
|𝝀 − |=| |
𝟐𝒌 𝟐𝒌

Therefore, the vertical line x=4 will transforms into

𝟏 𝟏
|𝝀 − | =
𝟖 𝟖

Magnified by the factor 2

𝟏 𝟏
|𝝀 − | =
𝟒 𝟒

𝝅
Rotation by the factor counterclockwise
𝟐

ⅈ 𝟏
|𝝀 − | =
𝟒 𝟒

Translated by 1 units in x direction

ⅈ 𝟏
|𝝀 − 𝟏 − | =
𝟒 𝟒

Therefore the image of the line under 𝝎 = 𝒉(𝒛) will be

ⅈ 𝟏
|𝝎 − 𝟏 − | = .
𝟒 𝟒
 Report by: Monther Rakkah
Sultan Al-johani
Abdullah Al-baqami
Homework: #2 Ammar Al-harbi
TEAM: #6

2.5:
𝟐ⅈ
19. Consider the function h(z) = + 𝟏 defined on the extended
𝒛
complex plane.

(c) Determine the image of the circle |z + 2| = 2 under 𝝎 = h(z).

Answer:

Consider the circle : |z + 2| = 2

Under the reciprocal mapping : 𝒛 = 𝒙 + ⅈ𝒚

𝒙 = 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 + 𝟐 , 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒔ⅈ𝒏𝜽, 𝟎 ≤ 𝜽 ≤ 𝟐𝝅

Hence

𝒛 = 𝟐{(𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽 + 𝟏) + ⅈ(𝒔ⅈ𝒏𝜽)}, 𝟎 ≤ 𝜽 ≤ 𝟐𝝅
Consider reciprocal mapping
𝟏
𝝀=
𝒛

Therefore for any point in the circle the image of that point
𝟏 𝟏 𝒔ⅈ𝒏 𝜽
− ⅈ
𝟒 𝟒 𝟏+𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽

Hence, the image of the circle under the reciprocal mapping is

𝟏 𝟏 𝒔ⅈ𝒏 𝜽
{𝝀 = 𝒖 + ⅈ𝒗: 𝒖 = , 𝒗 = , 𝟎 ≤ 𝜽 ≤ 𝟐𝝅}
𝟒 𝟒 𝟏+𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽

As the real part of the image are always constant therefore the image
𝟏
of the circle will be 𝒖 =
𝟒

𝟏
Magnified by the factor 2 : 𝒖 =
𝟐

𝝅 𝟏
Rotation by the factor counterclockwise : 𝒗 = −
𝟐 𝟐

𝟏
Translated by 1 units in x direction : 𝒗 = − .
𝟐
 Report by: Monther Rakkah
Sultan Al-johani
Abdullah Al-baqami
Homework: #2 Ammar Al-harbi
TEAM: #6

2.6:
Problems 21–26 involve concepts of infinite limits and limits at infinity
discussed in (i) of the Remarks. In Problems 21–26, use (24) or (25),
Theorem 2.2, and the basic limits (15) and (16) to compute the given
complex limit.
𝒛𝟐 +ⅈ𝒛−𝟐
21) 𝒍ⅈ𝒎 (
𝒛→∞ 𝟏+𝟐ⅈ) 𝒛𝟐

Answer:
𝟏
𝒍ⅈ𝒎𝒇(𝒛) =
𝒛→∞ 𝒛

𝒛𝟐 +ⅈ𝒛−𝟐 𝟏 𝒛𝟐 +ⅈ𝒛−𝟐
𝒍ⅈ𝒎 ቀ( 𝟐
ቁ= ∗ 𝒍ⅈ𝒎 ቀ ቁ
𝒛→∞ 𝟏+𝟐ⅈ 𝒛) 𝟏+𝒛ⅈ 𝒛→∞ 𝒛𝟐

𝟏 𝟐 𝒛𝟐 +ⅈ𝒛−𝟐
= ቀ − ⅈ ቁ ∗ 𝒍ⅈ𝒎 ቀ ቁ=𝟏
𝟓 𝟓 𝒛→∞ 𝒛𝟐

𝟏 𝟐 𝟏 𝟐
ቀ −ⅈ ቁ∗𝟏= −ⅈ .
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
 Report by: Monther Rakkah
Sultan Al-johani
Abdullah Al-baqami
Homework: #2 Ammar Al-harbi
TEAM: #6

2.6:
In Problems 35–40, show that the function f is discontinuous at the
given point.
𝒛𝟑 −𝟏
39) { , |𝒛| ≠ 𝟏
𝒛−𝟏

; 𝒛𝟎 = ⅈ

{𝟑 , |𝒛| ≠ 𝟏

Answer:
𝒛 𝟑 −𝟏
𝒍ⅈ𝒎 𝒇(𝒛) = 𝒍ⅈ𝒎
𝒛→ⅈ 𝒛→ⅈ 𝒛−𝟏

𝒍ⅈ𝒎 𝒛𝟑 − 𝟏 = ⅈ𝟑 − 𝟏 = −ⅈ − 𝟏
𝒛→ⅈ

𝒍ⅈ𝒎 𝒛 − 𝟏 = ⅈ − 𝟏
𝒛→ⅈ

𝒛𝟑 −𝟏 ⅈ−𝟏 −𝟏−ⅈ −𝟏−ⅈ

𝒍ⅈ𝒎 =− = ∗ =
𝒛→ⅈ 𝒛−𝟏 ⅈ−𝟏 −𝟏+ⅈ −𝟏−ⅈ

𝟏+ⅈ+ⅈ+ⅈ𝟐 𝟏+𝟐ⅈ−𝟏
( −𝟏) 𝟐 +(−𝟏)𝟐
=
𝟐

𝟐ⅈ
= ⅈ ≠ 𝒇(ⅈ) = 𝟑
𝟐

F(z) is discontinuous.