NAME- ASHISH BHALSHANAKAR

CLASS- TYBBA(IB)

SUBJECT- INTERNATIONAL
RELATIONS
NAFTA
•The North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA ) is a trilateral trade bloc in North
America created by the governments of the
United States, Canada, and Mexico • The
agreements were signed in December 1993 by
the presidents of the three countries and it
came into effect from 1st Jan. 1994

3. INTRODUCTION • NAFTA entered into force

on January 1, 1994. • The final provisions
were fully implemented on January 1, 2008.
• NAFTA created the world largest free trade
area which now • links 450 million people
producing 17 trillion worth of goods and
services. • “trade between the United States
1.AMENDMENT • Final provisions (NAFTA) were
fully implemented on January 1, 2008. •
NAFTA one of the most successful trade
agreements in history and has contributed to
significant increases in agricultural trade and
investment • Most comprehensive Regional
Trade Agreement signed by the United States

2.IMPORTANT EVENTS • January 1989. FTA

between the US and Canada goes into effect.
Mexico Joins Discussions. • September 1990.
Canada, the United States, and Mexico agree
to negotiate a FTA.
•June 1991. Trilateral negotiations between
Canada,
Mexico, and the United States open in
1.• December 17, 1992. President Bush, President
Salinas, and Prime Minister Mulroney sign the
NAFTA. • June 30, 1993. US District Court declares
that NAFTA will be illegal as the Executive Branch
did not conduct a full environmental impact study
on the results of the agreement. • November 18,
1993. US Congress approves NAFTA • November
22, 1993. Mexican congress approves NAFTA •
January 1, 1994. NAFTA implemented.
2. HISTORICAL CONTEXT • NAFTA is the first
agreement
“between two industrial countries and a
developing nation
•“Canada and Mexico share many common
experiences in their historical relationship to the
U.S., including economic and cultural penetration
MIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION • The United
States has the highest immigration rate in the
world. • “Mexicans constitute the largest
immigrant group in the United States with 27.6
percent. There is no other Diaspora of equal
magnitude in the world” • “One of the largest
migration process in world history has taken place
between Mexico and the United States” •
“Mexicans are the U.S. immigrant group with the
greatest industrial participation and the lowest
average income” • Ten percent of the 120 million
people born in Mexico live in the United States •
“Between 1991 and 2000, some 2.2 million
Mexicans were admitted as legal immigrants and
15 million foreigners, 95 percent Mexicans, were
apprehended just inside the U.S. Border” • NAFTA
NAFTA, “as a method of reducing undocumented
migration failed miserably” • The failure of NAFTA
“to fulfil its promise of widespread Mexican
prosperity has also meant continued illegal
immigration into the United States, of both
unskilled and skilled workers” • NAFTA “paid little
attention to worker mobility, in striking contrast to
the EU, which made labour central to the broader
process of market integration” • “NAFTA essentially
did not deal with migration among the three
countries” • Even Mexico then President, Carlos
Salinas de Gortari (as cited in Martin, 2010)
asserted that “lowering trade and investment
barriers in North America would allow Mexico
„to export goods, not people‟ • ”One of the ideas
of
The North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA) revolutionized trade and investment in
North America, helping to unlock our region’s
economic potential. It has helped to stimulate
economic growth and create higher-paying jobs
across North America. It has provided North
American businesses with better access to
materials, technologies, investment capital, and
talent available across North America. It has
proven that trade liberalization plays an
important role in promoting transparency,
economic growth, and legal certainty.
THANK
YOU