Exercise 6A: Level 1

New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 1: Calculus and Statistics Question Bank Volume 1
Exercise 6A
Level 1
6A_C0001
Find ∫ 40dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
∫ 40dx = 40 x + C 1A
(1)
6A_C0002
Find ∫ 5x 3 dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
∫ 5 x dx = 5∫ x dx
3 3
1 4
=5⋅ x +C
4
5 4
= x +C 1A
4
(1)
6A_C0003
Find ∫ ( − x −7 )dx .
(1 mark)
 2019 Chung Tai Educational Press Limited. All rights reserved.  6.1 
Chapter 6 Indefinite Integration and its Applications
Solution:
−7
∫ (− x )dx = − ∫ x −7 dx
x −6
=− +C
−6
1 −6
= x +C 1A
6
(1)
6A_C0004
7
Find ∫x 5
dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
7
∫x 5
dx = 7 ∫ x −5 dx
x −4
=7⋅ +C
−4
7
= − x −4 + C 1A
4
(1)
6A_C0005
11
Find ∫ x dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
11 1
∫ x dx = 11∫ x dx
= 11ln x + C 1A
(1)
6A_C0006
Find ∫9 x dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
1
∫9 xdx = 9 ∫ x dx 2
3
2
x
=9⋅ +C
3
2
3
= 6x + C 2
1A
(1)
6A_C0007
∫
3
Find x 2 dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
2
∫ x dx = ∫ x dx
3 2 3
5
x3
= +C
5
3
3 5
= x3 + C 1A
5
(1)
6A_C0008
1
−
Find ∫ 3x 10
dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
1 1
− −
∫ 3x 10
dx = 3∫ x 10
dx
9
x10
= 3⋅ +C
9
10
10 9
= x10 + C 1A
3
(1)
6A_C0009
4
Find ∫ 5
x8
dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
8
4 −
∫ 5
x8
dx = 4 ∫ x dx 5
3
−
5
x
= 4⋅ +C
3
−
5
20 − 3
= − x 5 +C 1A
3
(1)
6A_C0010
Find ∫ e9 dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
∫ e dx = e x + C
9 9
1A
(1)
6A_C0011
Find ∫ e3x dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
1 3x
∫ e dx = 3 e + C
3x
1A
(1)
6A_C0012
1
Find ∫e 5x
dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
1
∫e 5x
dx = ∫ e −5 x dx
1
= − e −5 x + C 1A
5
(1)
6A_C0013
dx
Find ∫ 1
x
.
8
e
(1 mark)
Solution:
1
dx − x
∫ 1
x
= ∫e 8
dx
8
e
1 − 18 x
= e +C
1
−
8
1
− x
= −8e 8
+C 1A
(1)
6A_C0014
Find ∫ ( x 4 + x 2 + 11)dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
∫ (x + x 2 + 11) dx = ∫ x 4 dx + ∫ x 2 dx + 11∫ dx
4
1 5 1 3
= x + x + 11x + C 1A
5 3
(1)
6A_C0015
Find ∫ (5 x 4 − 3x 3 + 9 x −2 )dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
∫ (5 x
4
− 3 x 3 + 9 x −2 )dx = 5∫ x 4 dx − 3∫ x 3dx + 9∫ x −2 dx
1 1 x −1
= 5 ⋅ x5 − 3 ⋅ x 4 + 9 ⋅ +C
5 4 −1
3
= x 5 − x 4 − 9 x −1 + C 1A
4
(1)
6A_C0016
Find ∫ (8 x − π + 3x −1 ) dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
−1 1
∫ (8 x − π + 3x )dx = 8∫ xdx − π∫ dx + 3∫ dx
x
1
= 8 ⋅ x 2 − πx + 3ln x + C
2
= 4 x − πx + 3ln x + C
2
1A
(1)
6A_C0017
1 1
−
Find ∫ (12 x + 7 x
3 8
− 4) dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
1 1 1 1
− −
∫ (12 x 3 + 7 x 8
− 4)dx = 12∫ x 3 dx + 7 ∫ x 8 dx − 4∫ dx
4 7
3 8
x x
= 12 ⋅ +7⋅ − 4x + C
4 7
3 8
4 7
= 9 x 3 + 8x 8 − 4 x + C 1A
(1)
6A_C0018
 3 
Find ∫  5 x −  dx .
 x
(1 mark)
Solution:
1 1
 3  −
∫  5 x − x  dx = 5∫ x dx − 3∫ x 2 dx
2
3 1
x2 x2
=5⋅ −3⋅ +C
3 1
2 2
3 1
10
= x 2 − 6x 2 + C 1A
3
(1)
6A_C0019
 3 2 
Find ∫  2 −  dx .
x x x
(1 mark)
Solution:
3
 3 2  −2
−
∫  x 2 − x x  dx = ∫ (3x − 2 x 2 )dx
3
−
−2
= 3∫ x dx − 2 ∫ x dx 2
1
−
−1 2
x x
= 3⋅ −2⋅ +C
−1 −
1
2
1
−
= 4x 2
− 3 x −1 + C 1A
(1)
6A_C0020
Find ∫ (e3 x + e 2 x + e)dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
∫ (e + e 2 x + e)dx = ∫ e3 x dx + ∫ e 2 x dx + e ∫ dx
3x
1 1
= e3 x + e 2 x + ex + C 1A
3 2
(1)
6A_C0021
1 1
− x −
Find ∫ (e 2
+ 2 x ) dx .2
(1 mark)
Solution:
1 1 1 1
− x − − x −
∫ (e 2
+ 2 x )dx = ∫ e
2 2
dx + 2 ∫ x dx 2
1 1
− x
2
e x2
= +2⋅ +C
1 1
−
2 2
1 1
− x
= −2e 2
+ 4x 2 + C 1A
(1)
6A_C0022
Find ∫ e x + 7 dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
x +7
∫e dx = e7 ∫ e x dx
= e7 ⋅ e x + C
= e x +7 + C 1A
(1)
6A_C0023
Find ∫ 11e12 x + 5 dx .
(1 mark)
Solution:
12 x + 5
∫ 11e dx = 11e5 ∫ e12 x dx
1 12 x
= 11e5 ⋅ e +C
12
11 12 x +5
= e +C 1A
12
(1)
6A_C0024
Find ∫ eln x dx .
e
(1 mark)
Solution:
∫e dx = ∫ ee ln x dx
ln x e
= ∫ (eln x )e dx
= ∫ x e dx
1 e +1
= x +C 1A
e +1
(1)
6A_C0025
 4 
Find ∫  e 4 x +3 + + 3 x  dx .
x
 e 
(1 mark)
Solution:
x
 4 x +3 4  4 x+3
−
∫  e + e x + 3x  dx = ∫ e dx + 4∫ e dx + 3∫ xdx
2
x
−
= e3 ∫ e4 x dx + 4 ∫ e 2 dx + 3∫ xdx
1 4x 1 − 2x 1
=e ⋅ e +4⋅
3
e + 3 ⋅ x2 + C
4 1 2
−
2
x
1 − 3
= e 4 x +3 − 8e 2 + x 2 + C 1A
4 2
(1)
6A_C0026
 1 1
Find ∫  2 x −1 + e  dx .
e x 
(1 mark)
Solution:
 1 1 1− 2 x −e
∫  e 2 x −1
+  dx = ∫ e dx + ∫ x dx
xe 
= e ∫ e −2 x dx + ∫ x − e dx
− e +1
 1  x
= e  − e −2 x  + +C
 2  −e + 1
1 1 1−e
= − e1− 2 x + x +C 1A
2 1− e
(1)
6A_C0027
 3 1 
Find ∫ x  2 − 5 + 4 x  dx .
x x 
(2 marks)
Solution:
 3 1  3 
∫ x  x − + 4 x  dx = ∫  − x −4 + 4 x 2  dx 1M
2
x 5
 x 
1
= 3∫ dx − ∫ x −4 dx + 4 ∫ x 2 dx
x
x −3 x3
= 3ln x − +4⋅ +C
−3 3
1 4
= 3ln x + x −3 + x3 + C 1A
3 3
(2)
6A_C0028
3 5
Find ∫ ( x x − 3 x 4 + x 6 ) xdx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
3 5 5 4
∫ ( x x − 3x 4 + x 6 ) xdx = ∫ ( x − 3x 4 + x 3 )dx
2
1M
5 4
= ∫ x dx − 3∫ x dx + ∫ x dx
2 4 3
9 7
x3 x4 x3
= − 3⋅ + +C
3 9 7
4 3
1 3 4 4 3 73
9
= x − x + x +C 1A
3 3 7
(2)
6A_C0029
5 x2 − x + 2
Find ∫ x 2 dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
5x2 − x + 2  1 2
∫ x 2 dx = ∫  5 − x + x 2  dx 1M
1
= 5∫ dx − ∫ dx + 2 ∫ x −2 dx
x
x −1
= 5 x − ln x + 2 ⋅ +C
−1
= 5 x − ln x − 2 x −1 + C 1A
(2)
6A_C0030
5x + 2 x − 8
Find ∫ 7
dx .
3
x
(2 marks)
Solution:
5x + 2 x − 8 −
4
−
11
−
7
∫ 7
dx = ∫ (5 x 3
+ 2x 6
− 8 x )dx 3
1M
3
x
4 11 7
− − −
= 5∫ x 3 dx + 2 ∫ x 6
dx − 8∫ x 3 dx
1 5 4
− − −
3 6 3
x x x
=5⋅ +2⋅ +C −8 ⋅
1 5 4
− − −
3 6 3
1 5 4
− 12 − −
= −15 x 3 − x 6 + 6 x 3 + C 1A
5
(2)
6A_C0031
1 2 4
x x − x
Find ∫ e 3 (e 3 + 20e 3
) dx.
(2 marks)
Solution:
1 2 4
x x − x
∫ e 3 (e 3 + 20e 3
)dx = ∫ (e x + 20e − x )dx 1M
= ∫ e x dx + 20 ∫ e− x dx
= e x + 20(−e − x ) + C
= e x − 20e − x + C 1A
(2)
6A_C0032
Find ∫ e − x (2e 2 x + 3e x − 4) dx.
(2 marks)
Solution:
−x
∫e (2e2 x + 3e x − 4)dx = ∫ (2e x + 3 − 4e− x )dx 1M
= 2 ∫ e x dx + 3∫ dx − 4 ∫ e− x dx
= 2e x + 3 x − 4(−e − x ) + C
= 2e x + 3 x + 4e − x + C 1A
(2)
6A_C0033
2e 3 x − e 4 x
Find ∫ (2e2 x )2 dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
2e 3 x − e 4 x 2e3 x − e 2 x
∫ (2e2 x )2 dx = ∫ 4e4 x dx
1 1 
= ∫  e − x − e−2 x  dx 1M
2 4 
1 −x 1
= ∫ e dx − ∫ e−2 x dx
2 4
1 1 1 
= (−e − x ) −  − e −2 x  + C
2 4 2 
1 1
= − e − x + e −2 x + C 1A
2 8
(2)
6A_C0034
e 4 x +10 − e7 − 2 x
Find ∫ dx .
e 2 x +1
(2 marks)
Solution:
e 4 x +10 − e7 − 2 x
∫ e2 x+1 dx = ∫ (e − e )dx
2 x +9 6−4 x
1M
= e9 ∫ e 2 x dx − e6 ∫ e −4 x dx
1  1 
= e 9 ⋅ e 2 x − e 6  − e −4 x  + C
2  4 
1 1
= e 2 x + 9 + e6 − 4 x + C 1A
2 4
(2)
Level 2
6A_C0035
Find ∫ (3 x + 2)(5 x − 3) dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
∫ (3x + 2)(5 x − 3)dx = ∫ (15 x + x − 6) dx

2
1M
= 15∫ x 2 dx + ∫ xdx − 6 ∫ dx
1 1
= 15 ⋅ x 3 + x 2 − 6 x + C
3 2
1
= 5 x3 + x 2 − 6 x + C 1A
2
(2)
6A_C0036
Find ∫ (4t − 1)(5t − t 2 )dt .
(2 marks)
Solution:
∫ (4t − 1)(5t − t )dt = ∫ (−4t 3 + 21t 2 − 5t ) dt

2
1M
= −4 ∫ t 3 dt + 21∫ t 2 dt − 5∫ tdt
1 1 1
= −4 ⋅ t 4 + 21 ⋅ t 3 − 5 ⋅ t 2 + C
4 3 2
5
= − t 4 + 7t 3 − t 2 + C 1A
2
(2)
6A_C0037
Find ∫ (6 x 3 − 1) 2 dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
∫ (6 x − 1) 2 dx = ∫ (36 x 6 − 12 x 3 + 1)dx
3
1M
= 36 ∫ x 6 dx − 12 ∫ x3 dx + ∫ dx
1 7 1
= 36 ⋅ x − 12 ⋅ x 4 + x + C
7 4
36 7
= x − 3x 4 + x + C 1A
7
(2)
6A_C0038
Find ∫ (2e −2 x + e x )(5e3 x + 7)dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
∫ (2e + e x )(5e3 x + 7)dx = ∫ (5e 4 x + 17e x + 14e −2 x ) dx

−2 x
1M
= 5∫ e 4 x dx + 17 ∫ e x dx + 14 ∫ e −2 x dx
1  1 
= 5 ⋅ e 4 x + 17e x + 14  − e −2 x  + C
4  2 
5
= e4 x + 17e x − 7e−2 x + C 1A
4
(2)
6A_C0039
Find ∫ ( t + 2e)(4 t − 3e)dt .
(2 marks)
Solution:
1
∫ ( t + 2e)(4 t − 3e)dt = ∫ (4t + 5et 2 − 6e )dt

2
1M
1
= 4 ∫ tdt + 5e ∫ t dt − 6e 2 ∫ dt
2
1 2 3
= 4 ⋅ t 2 + 5e ⋅ t 2 − 6e 2t + C
2 3
3
10
= 2t 2 + et 2 − 6e 2t + C 1A
3
(2)
6A_C0040
Find ∫ (2e x + e −3 x ) 4 dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
∫ (2e + e ) dx
x −3 x 4
= ∫ [(2e ) + C (2e ) (e ) + C (2e ) (e ) + C

x 4
1
4 x 3 −3 x 4
2
x 2 −3 x 2 4
3 (2e x )(e −3 x )3 + (e −3 x ) 4 ]dx
= ∫ (16e + 32 + 24e + 8e + e )dx

4x −4 x −8 x −12 x
1M
= 16 ∫ e dx + 32 ∫ dx + 24 ∫ e dx + 8∫ e dx + ∫ e
4x −4 x −8 x −12 x
dx
1  1   1   1 
= 16 ⋅ e 4 x + 32 x + 24  − e −4 x  + 8  − e −8 x  +  − e −12 x  + C
4  4   8   12 
1 −12 x
= 4e 4 x + 32 x − 6e−4 x − e−8 x − e +C 1A
12
(2)
6A_C0041
3 3
 1
Find ∫ x 2  x −  dx .
 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
3 3
 1
∫ x  x − 2  dx
2
3 
 1  1 
2 3
 1
= ∫ x 2  ( x )3 + C13 ( x ) 2  −  + C23 ( x )  −  +  −   dx
  2  2  2 
3
 3 3 3 1 1
= ∫ x 2  x 2 − x + x 2 −  dx
 2 4 8
 3 3 52 3 2 1 32 
= ∫  x − x + x − x  dx 1M
 2 4 8 
3 52 3 2 1 32
= ∫ x dx − ∫ x dx + ∫ x dx − ∫ x dx
3
2 4 8
7 5
1 3 x2 3 1 3 1 x2
= x4 − ⋅ + ⋅ x − ⋅ +C
4 2 7 4 3 8 5
2 2
1 4 3 72 1 3 1 52
= x − x + x − x +C 1A
4 7 4 20
(2)
6A_C0042
 2  2  4 
Find ∫  t −  t +   t +  dt .
 t  t  t 
(2 marks)
Solution:
 2  2  4   4  4 
∫  t−  t +
t 
  t + t  dt = ∫  t − t   t + t  dt
t
 16 
= ∫  t 2 − 2  dt 1M
 t 
= ∫ t 2 dt − 16∫ t −2 dt
1
= t 3 − 16(−t −1 ) + C
3
1 3
= t + 16t −1 + C 1A
3
(2)
6A_C0043
3
x
−x 2
Find ∫ (e + e ) (e
x 2
+ 1) dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
3 3
x x
−x 2 −2 x
∫ (e + e ) (e 2 + 1)dx = ∫ (e + 2 + e )(e 2 + 1)dx
x 2x
7 3 1
x x − x
= ∫ ( e + e + 2e
2 2x 2
+2+e 2
+ e−2 x )dx 1M
7 3 1
x x − x
= ∫ e 2 dx + ∫ e2 x dx + 2 ∫ e 2 dx + 2 ∫ dx + ∫ e 2
dx + ∫ e −2 x dx
7 3 1
x x − x
e2 1 e2 e 2  1 −2 x 
= + e2 x + 2 ⋅ + 2x + + − e +C
7 2 3 1  2 
−
2 2 2
2 72 x 1 2 x 4 23 x 1
− x 1
= e + e + e + 2 x − 2e 2 − e − 2 x + C 1A
7 2 3 2
(2)
6A_C0044
( x3 − 4 x)( x 2 + 3)
Find ∫ x4
dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
( x3 − 4 x)( x 2 + 3) x 5 − x 3 − 12 x
∫ x4
dx = ∫ x4
dx
 1 
= ∫  x − − 12 x −3  dx 1M
 x 
1
= ∫ xdx − ∫ dx − 12 ∫ x −3dx
x
1  1 
= x 2 − ln x − 12  − x −2  + C
2  2 
1
= x 2 − ln x + 6 x −2 + C 1A
2
(2)
6A_C0045
x3 + 3x 2 − 6 x − 8
Find ∫ dx.
x2 − 2x
(2 marks)
Solution:
x3 + 3x 2 − 6 x − 8 ( x − 2)( x 2 + 5 x + 4)
∫ x2 − 2x dx = ∫ x( x − 2)
dx
 4
= ∫  x + 5 +  dx 1M
 x
1
= ∫ xdx + 5∫ dx + 4∫ dx
x
1
= x 2 + 5 x + 4 ln x + C 1A
2
(2)
6A_C0046
2e −3 x − 54
Find ∫ e− x − 3 dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
2e −3 x − 54 2(e − x − 3)(e −2 x + 3e − x + 9)
∫ e− x − 3 dx = ∫ e− x − 3
dx
= 2 ∫ (e −2 x + 3e − x + 9)dx 1M
= 2( ∫ e −2 x dx + 3∫ e − x dx + 9∫ dx )
 1 
= 2  − e −2 x + 3(−e − x ) + 9 x  + C
 2 
−2 x −x
= −e − 6e + 18 x + C 1A
(2)
6A_C0047
d
(a) Find (10− x ) .
dx
(b) Hence find ∫ 10− x dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
d
(a) (10− x ) = (10− x ln10)(−1)
dx
= −(ln10)10− x 1A
(1)
d
(b) ∵ (10− x ) = −(ln10)10 − x
dx
1 d
∴ 10− x = − ⋅ (10− x )
ln10 dx
10− x
∫ 10 dx = − ln10 + C
−x
1A
(1)
6A_C0048
d 3 −6 x
(a) Find ( x e ).
dx
(b) Hence find ∫ x 2 (2 x − 1)e −6 x dx.
(3 marks)
Solution:
d 3 −6 x
(a) ( x e ) = x3 (−6e−6 x ) + e −6 x (3x 2 ) 1M
dx
= (3 x 2 − 6 x 3 )e −6 x
= 3 x 2 (1 − 2 x)e −6 x 1A
(2)
d 3 −6 x
(b) ∵ ( x e ) = 3 x 2 (1 − 2 x)e−6 x
dx
d
∴ −3 x 2 (2 x − 1)e −6 x = ( x 3e −6 x )
dx
1 d
x 2 (2 x − 1)e −6 x = − ⋅ ( x3e−6 x )
3 dx
1 3 −6 x
∫ x (2 x − 1)e dx = − 3 x e + C
2 −6 x
1A
(1)
6A_C0049
d  ln x 
(a) Find .
dx  x 
ln x
(b) Hence find ∫ 3
dx .
2
x
(4 marks)
Solution:
1  1 − 12 
x   − (ln x)  x 
d  ln x  x 2 
(a) = 1M
dx  x  x
2 − ln x
= 3
1A
2x 2
(2)
d  ln x  2 − ln x
(b) ∵ =
dx  x  3
2x 2
ln x 1 d  ln x 
∴ = −
3 3
dx  x 
2x 2
x 2
ln x 2 d  ln x 
= − 2⋅
3
2
3
2
dx  x 
x x
ln x 2 2 ln x
∫ 3 dx = ∫ 3 dx − x 1M
x2 x2
3
− 2 ln x
= 2 ∫ x 2 dx −
x
1
−
2
x 2 ln x
= 2⋅ − +C
1 x
−
2
4 2 ln x
=− − +C 1A
x x
(2)
6A_C0050
(a) Given that π x = e kx , show that k = ln π .
(b) Hence find ∫ π x dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
(a) π = e
x kx
π x = (e k ) x
π = ek
k = ln π 1
(1)
(ln π ) x
∫ π dx = ∫ e
x
(b) dx
1 (ln π ) x
= e +C
ln π
πx
= +C 1A
ln π
(1)
Level 3
6A_C0051
d
(a) Express [( x − 9) ln( x + 3)] in the form of p ( x) + q ( x) ln( x + 3) , where x > 0 , p (x) and q (x)
dx
are rational functions.
(b) Find ∫ ln( x + 3)dx .
(5 marks)
Solution:
1
1 −2
x
d 2
(a) [( x − 9) ln( x + 3)] = ( x − 9) ⋅ + ln( x + 3) 1M
dx x +3
1
= ( x − 3)( x + 3) ⋅ + ln( x + 3)
2 x ( x + 3)
1 3 − 12
= − x + ln( x + 3) 1A
2 2
(2)
d 1 3 − 12
(b) ∵ [( x − 9) ln( x + 3)] = − x + ln( x + 3)
dx 2 2
d  1 3 −1 
∴ ln( x + 3) = [( x − 9) ln( x + 3)] −  − x 2 
dx 2 2 
 1 3 − 12 
∫ ln( x + 3)dx = ( x − 9) ln( x + 3) − ∫  2 − 2 x dx 1M
 1
2

1 3
= ( x − 9) ln( x + 3) −  x − ⋅ +C
x
1M
2 2 1 
 
 2 
1
1
= ( x − 9) ln( x + 3) − x + 3x 2 + C 1A
2
(3)
6A_C0052
d
(a) Express [(3 x3 + 3 x) ln( x 2 + 1)] in the form p( x) + q( x) ln( x 2 + 1) , where p ( x) and q ( x) are
dx
polynomials.
(b) Find ∫ (3 x 2 + 1) ln( x 2 + 1)dx .
(4 marks)
Solution:
d 2x
(a) [(3 x3 + 3 x) ln( x 2 + 1)] = (3 x3 + 3 x) ⋅ 2 + (9 x 2 + 3) ln( x 2 + 1) 1M
dx x +1
2x
= 3 x( x 2 + 1) ⋅ 2 + (9 x 2 + 3) ln( x 2 + 1)
x +1
= 6 x 2 + (9 x 2 + 3) ln( x 2 + 1) 1A
(2)
d
(b) ∵ [(3 x3 + 3 x) ln( x 2 + 1)] = 6 x 2 + (9 x 2 + 3) ln( x 2 + 1)
dx
1 d
∴ (3 x 2 + 1) ln( x 2 + 1) = ⋅ [(3 x 3 + 3 x) ln( x 2 + 1)] − 2 x 2
3 dx
1
∫ (3x + 1) ln( x 2 + 1)dx = (3 x3 + 3 x) ln( x 2 + 1) − ∫ 2 x 2 dx
2
1M
3
2
= ( x 3 + x) ln( x 2 + 1) − x 3 + C 1A
3
(2)
6A_C0053
d
(a) Express [( x8 − 1) ln( x 2 + 1)] in the form f ( x) + g ( x) ln( x 2 + 1), where f ( x) and g ( x) are
dx
polynomials.
(b) Find ∫ x 7 ln( x 2 + 1)dx .
(5 marks)
Solution:
d 2x
(a) [( x8 − 1) ln( x 2 + 1)] = ( x8 − 1) ⋅ 2 + 8 x 7 ln( x 2 + 1) 1M
dx x +1
2x
= ( x 4 + 1)( x 2 + 1)( x 2 − 1) ⋅ 2 + 8 x 7 ln( x 2 + 1)
x +1
= 2 x( x − x + x − 1) + 8 x 7 ln( x 2 + 1)
6 4 2
= (2 x 7 − 2 x 5 + 2 x 3 − 2 x) + 8 x 7 ln( x 2 + 1) 1A
(2)
d
(b) ∵ [( x8 − 1) ln( x 2 + 1)] = (2 x 7 − 2 x5 + 2 x3 − 2 x) + 8 x 7 ln( x 2 + 1)
dx
1 d 1
∴ x 7 ln( x 2 + 1) = ⋅ [( x8 − 1) ln( x 2 + 1)] − ( x 7 − x5 + x3 − x)
8 dx 4
1 8 1
∫ x ln( x + 1)dx = 8 ( x − 1) ln( x + 1) − 4 ∫ ( x − x + x − x)dx
7 2 2 7 5 3
1M
1 8 1  x8 x 6 x 4 x 2 
= ( x − 1) ln( x + 1) −  − + −  + C
2
1M
8 4 8 6 4 2 
1 1 1 6 1 4 1 2
= ( x8 − 1) ln( x 2 + 1) − x8 + x − x + x +C 1A
8 32 24 16 8
(3)
6A_C0054
d
(a) Express [(e 2 x − 1) ln(e x + 1)] in the form p( x) + q( x) ln(e x + 1) , where p ( x) and q ( x) are
dx
exponential functions.
(b) Find ∫ e 2 x ln(e x + 1)dx .
(5 marks)
Solution:
d ex
(a) [(e 2 x − 1) ln(e x + 1)] = (e2 x − 1) ⋅ x + 2e 2 x ln(e x + 1) 1M
dx e +1
ex
= (e x − 1)(e x + 1) ⋅ + 2e 2 x ln(e x + 1)
e +1
x
= (e 2 x − e x ) + 2e 2 x ln(e x + 1) 1A
(2)
d
(b) ∵ [(e2 x − 1) ln(e x + 1)] = (e2 x − e x ) + 2e2 x ln(e x + 1)
dx
1 d 1
∴ e2 x ln(e x + 1) = ⋅ [(e 2 x − 1)ln(e x + 1)] − (e 2 x − e x )
2 dx 2
1 2x 1
∫ e ln(e + 1)dx = 2 (e − 1) ln(e + 1) − 2 ∫ (e − e )dx
2x x x 2x x
1M
1 2x 11 
= (e − 1) ln(e x + 1) −  e 2 x − e x  + C 1M
2 22 
1 1 1
= (e 2 x − 1) ln(e x + 1) − e 2 x + e x + C 1A
2 4 2
(3)
6A_C0055
d d 2 x
(a) Find ( xe x ) and (x e ) .
dx dx
(b) Hence find ∫ x 2e x dx .
(5 marks)
Solution:
d
(a) ( xe x ) = x(e x ) + e x (1)
dx
= xe x + e x 1A
d 2 x
( x e ) = x 2 (e x ) + e x (2 x)
dx
= x 2 e x + 2 xe x 1A
(2)
d 2 x
(b) ∵ ( x e ) = x 2 e x + 2 xe x
dx
d
∴ x 2 e x = ( x 2 e x ) − 2 xe x
dx
∫ x e dx = x e − 2∫ xe x dx
2 x 2 x
1M
d
∵ ( xe x ) = xe x + e x
dx
d
∴ xe x = ( xe x ) − e x
dx
∫ xe dx = xe − ∫ e dx
x x x
1M
= xe x − e x + C1
∴ ∫ x e dx = x e
2 x 2 x
− 2( xe x − e x + C1 )
= x 2 e x − 2 xe x + 2e x + C 1A
(3)
6A_C0056
d 2x
(a) By considering (3 ) , find ∫ 32 x dx .
dx
d
(b) Express [(9 x − 4) ln(3x + 2)] in the form of p ( x) + q ( x) ln(3x + 2) , where p(x) and q(x) are
dx
exponential functions.
(c) Find ∫ 9 x ln(3x + 2)dx .
(8 marks)
Solution:
d 2x
(a) (3 ) = (32 x ln 3)(2) 1M
dx
= (2 ln 3)(32 x )
32 x
∫ 3 dx = +C
2x
1A
2 ln 3
(2)
d
(b) [(9 x − 4) ln(3x + 2)]
dx
3x ln 3
= (9 x − 4) ⋅ + [ln(3x + 2)](9 x ln 9) 1M + 1A
3 +2
x
3x ln 3
= (3x − 2)(3x + 2) ⋅ + (9 x ln 9) ln(3x + 2) 1M
3 +2
x
= (ln 3)(3x ) 2 − (2 ln 3)3x + (9 x ln 9) ln(3x + 2) 1A

(4)
d
(c) ∵ [(9 x − 4) ln(3x + 2)]
dx
= (ln 3)(3x ) 2 − (2 ln 3)3x + (9 x ln 9) ln(3x + 2)
1 d (ln 3)(3x ) 2 − (2 ln 3)3x
∴ 9 x ln(3x + 2) = ⋅ [(9 x − 4) ln(3x + 2)] −
ln 9 dx ln 9
1  32 x 
∫ 9 ln(3 + 2)dx = ⋅ (9 x − 4) ln(3x + 2) − ∫  − 3x  dx
x x
1M
ln 9  2 
(9 x − 4) ln(3x + 2) 1  32 x  3x
= −  + +C
ln 9 2  2 ln 3  ln 3
(9 x − 4) ln(3x + 2) 32 x 3x
= − + +C 1A
ln 9 4 ln 3 ln 3
(2)
Exercise 6B
Level 1
6B_C0057
Find ∫ ( x + 4)6 dx by using the substitution u = x + 4 .
(2 marks)
Solution:
∵ u = x+4
du
∴ = 1 , i.e. du = dx . 1M
dx
∫ ( x + 4) dx = ∫ u du
6 6
1
= u7 + C
7
1
= ( x + 4)7 + C 1A
7
(2)
6B_C0058
Find ∫ (1 − 7 x)5 dx by using the substitution u = 1 − 7 x .
(2 marks)
Solution:
∵ u = 1− 7x
du
∴ = −7 , i.e. du = −7dx . 1M
dx
 1
∫ (1 − 7 x) dx = ∫  − 7  ⋅ (1 − 7 x) ⋅ (−7)dx
5 5
1 5
7∫
=− u du
1 1
= − ⋅ u6 + C
7 6
1
= − (1 − 7 x)6 + C 1A
42
(2)
6B_C0059
1
Find ∫ dx by using the substitution u = 2 − 5 x .
2 − 5x
(2 marks)
Solution:
∵ u = 2 − 5x
du
∴ = −5 , i.e. du = −5dx . 1M
dx
1  1 1
∫ 2 − 5 x dx = ∫  − 5  ⋅ 2 − 5x ⋅ (−5)dx
1 1
5∫u
=− du
1
= − ln u + C
5
1
= − ln 2 − 5 x + C 1A
5
(2)
6B_C0060
Find ∫ x(2 x 2 + 1) 4 dx by using the substitution u = 2 x 2 + 1.
(2 marks)
Solution:
∵ u = 2 x2 + 1
du
∴ = 4 x , i.e. du = 4 xdx . 1M
dx
1
∫ x(2 x + 1) dx = ∫ 4 ⋅ (2 x + 1) ⋅ 4 xdx
2 4 2 4
1
= ∫ u 4 du
4
1 1 5
= ⋅ u +C
4 5
1
= (2 x 2 + 1)5 + C 1A
20
(2)
6B_C0061
x+3
Find ∫ dx by using the substitution u = x 2 + 6 x .
x + 6x
2
(2 marks)
Solution:
∵ u = x2 + 6 x
du
∴ = 2 x + 6, i.e. du = (2 x + 6)dx . 1M
dx
x+3 1 1
∫ x + 6x
2
dx = ∫ ⋅
2 x + 6x
2
⋅ (2 x + 6)dx
1 − 12
2∫
= u du
1
1 u2
= ⋅ +C
2 1
2
= x2 + 6 x + C 1A
(2)
6B_C0062
2x2 + 1
Find ∫ dx by using the substitution u = 4 x3 + 6 x + 1.
4 x3 + 6 x + 1
(2 marks)
Solution:
∵ u = 4 x3 + 6 x + 1
du
∴ = 12 x 2 + 6, i.e. du = (12 x 2 + 6)dx . 1M
dx
2x2 + 1 1 1
∫ 4 x3 + 6 x + 1 dx = ∫ 6 ⋅ 4 x3 + 6 x + 1 ⋅ (12 x + 6)dx
2
1 1
= ∫ du
6 u
1
= ln u + C
6
1
= ln 4 x3 + 6 x + 1 + C 1A
6
(2)
6B_C0063
+ 4 x +1
Find ∫ (3x + 1)e6 x dx by using the substitution u = 6 x 2 + 4 x + 1.
2
(2 marks)
Solution:
∵ u = 6 x2 + 4 x + 1
du
∴ = 12 x + 4 , i.e. du = (12 x + 4)dx . 1M
dx
1
∫ (3x + 1)e dx = ∫ ⋅ e6 x + 4 x +1 ⋅ (12 x + 4)dx
6 x 2 + 4 x +1 2
4
1
= ∫ eu du
4
1 u
= e +C
4
1 6 x 2 + 4 x +1
= e +C 1A
4
(2)
6B_C0064
3ln 8x
Find ∫ dx by using the substitution u = ln 8 x .
x
(2 marks)
Solution:
∵ u = ln 8 x
du 1 1
∴ = , i.e. du = dx. 1M
dx x x
3ln 8 x 1
∫ x
dx = ∫ 3ln 8 x ⋅ dx
x
= 3∫ udu
1
= 3 ⋅ u2 + C
2
3
= (ln 8 x) 2 + C 1A
2
(2)
6B_C0065
Find ∫ 10(2 x − 3)8 dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 2 x − 3,
du
then = 2, i.e. du = 2dx . 1M
dx
∴ ∫ 10(2 x − 3) dx = ∫ 5(2 x − 3)
8 8
⋅ 2dx
= 5∫ u du 8
1
= 5 ⋅ u9 + C
9
5
= (2 x − 3)9 + C 1A
9
(2)
6B_C0066
6
Find ∫ 9
dx .
(4 x − 1) 5
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 4 x − 1,
du
then = 4, i.e. du = 4dx . 1M
dx
6 1 6
∴ ∫ 9
dx = ∫ ⋅ 9
⋅ 4dx
4
(4 x − 1) 5
(4 x − 1) 5
3 − 95
2∫
= u du
4
−
3 u 5
= ⋅ +C
2 4
−
5
4
15 −
= − (4 x − 1) + C
5
1A
8
(2)
6B_C0067
15
Find ∫ dx .
4 − 5x
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 4 − 5 x ,
du
then = −5 , i.e. du = −5dx. 1M
dx
15  1 15
∴ ∫ 4 − 5x dx = ∫  − 5  ⋅ 4 − 5x ⋅ (−5)dx
1
= −3∫ du
u
= −3ln u + C
= −3ln 4 − 5 x + C 1A
(2)
6B_C0068
Find ∫ e10 x −3 dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 10 x − 3,
du
then = 10, i.e. du = 10dx . 1M
dx
1
∴ ∫ e10 x −3dx = ∫ ⋅ e10 x −3 ⋅ 10dx
10
1
= ∫ eu du
10
1
= eu + C
10
1
= e10 x −3 + C 1A
10
(2)
6B_C0069
Find ∫ x3 ( x 4 + 5)4 dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x 4 + 5,
du
then = 4 x 3, i.e. du = 4 x3dx . 1M
dx
1
∴ ∫ x3 ( x 4 + 5) 4 dx = ∫ ⋅ ( x 4 + 5) 4 ⋅ 4 x3 dx
4
1
= ∫ u 4 du
4
1 1
= ⋅ u5 + C
4 5
1
= ( x 4 + 5)5 + C 1A
20
(2)
6B_C0070
 1
Find ∫ ( x 2 + x + 3)4  x +  dx .
 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x 2 + x + 3,
du
then = 2 x + 1, i.e. du = (2 x + 1)dx . 1M
dx
 1 1
∴ ∫ (x
2
+ x + 3) 4  x +  dx = ∫ ⋅ ( x 2 + x + 3) 4 ⋅ (2 x + 1)dx
 2 2
1
= ∫ u 4 du
2
1 1 5
= ⋅ u +C
2 5
1
= ( x 2 + x + 3)5 + C 1A
10
(2)
6B_C0071
Find ∫ 4( x8 + x 2 ) x 9 + 3x 3 + 11dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x9 + 3 x3 + 11,
du
then = 9 x8 + 9 x 2 , i.e. du = (9 x8 + 9 x 2 )dx . 1M
dx
1
∴ ∫ 4( x8 + x 2 ) x9 + 3x3 + 11dx = 4 ∫ ⋅ x9 + 3x3 + 11 ⋅ (9 x8 + 9 x 2 )dx
9
4 12
= ∫ u du
9
4 2 3
= ⋅ u2 + C
9 3
3
8 9
= ( x + 3x 3 + 11) 2 + C 1A
27
(2)
6B_C0072
Find ∫ ( x 3 + x + 2) ⋅ 3 2 x 4 + 4 x 2 + 16 x − 3dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 2 x 4 + 4 x 2 + 16 x − 3,
du
then = 8 x 3 + 8 x + 16, i.e. du = (8 x 3 + 8 x + 16)dx . 1M
dx
1 3
∴ ∫ ( x3 + x + 2) ⋅ 2 x 4 + 4 x 2 + 16 x − 3dx = ∫ ⋅ 2 x 4 + 4 x 2 + 16 x − 3 ⋅ (8 x3 + 8 x + 16)dx
3
8
1 1
= ∫ u 3 du
8
1 3 4
= ⋅ u3 + C
8 4
4
3
= (2 x + 4 x + 16 x − 3) 3 + C
4 2
1A
32
(2)
6B_C0073
18 x 2
Find ∫ dx .
(2 x 3 − 9)14
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 2 x3 − 9,
du
then = 6 x 2, i.e. du = 6 x 2 dx. 1M
dx
18 x 2 3
∴ ∫ (2 x3 − 9)14 dx = ∫ (2 x3 − 9)14 ⋅ 6 x dx
2
= 3∫ u −14 du
u −13
= 3⋅ +C
−13
3
= − (2 x3 − 9) −13 + C 1A
13
(2)
6B_C0074
3( x 2 + 2 x − 4)
Find ∫ dx .
x3 + 3 x 2 − 12 x + 7
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x3 + 3x 2 − 12 x + 7 ,
du
then = 3x 2 + 6 x − 12, i.e. du = (3x 2 + 6 x − 12)dx . 1M
dx
3( x 2 + 2 x − 4) 1
∴ ∫ x3 + 3x 2 − 12 x + 7 dx = ∫ x3 + 3x 2 − 12 x + 7 ⋅ (3x + 6 x − 12)dx
2
1
= ∫ du
u
= ln u + C
= ln x 3 + 3 x 2 − 12 x + 7 + C 1A
(2)
6B_C0075
x
Find ∫ dx .
x x −3
(2 marks)
Solution:
3
Let u = x x − 3 = x − 3, 2
du 3 12 3 12
then = x , i.e. du = x dx . 1M
dx 2 2
x 2 1 3 12
∴ ∫ x x − 3 dx = ∫ 3 ⋅ 3
⋅
2
x dx
x2 − 3
2 1
3∫u
= du
2
= ln u + C
3
3
2
= ln x 2 − 3 + C 1A
3
(2)
6B_C0076
7
Find ∫ dx .
2 x (2 x − 5)
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 2 x − 5,
1 1
du − −
then = x 2 , i.e. du = x 2 dx . 1M
dx
1
7 7 −
∴ ∫ 2 x (2 x − 5) dx = ∫ 2(2 x − 5) ⋅ x 2 dx
7 1
= ∫ du
2 u
7
= ln u + C
2
7
= ln 2 x − 5 + C 1A
2
(2)
6B_C0077
Find ∫ 100 x 3e10 x dx .
4
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 10 x 4 ,
du
then = 40 x 3, i.e. du = 40 x3 dx . 1M
dx
1
∴ ∫ 100 x 3e10 x dx = 100 ∫ ⋅ e10 x ⋅ 40 x 3 dx
4 4
40
5
= ∫ eu du
2
5
= eu + C
2
5
= e10 x + C
4
1A
2
(2)
6B_C0078
Find ∫ ( x + 1)e −5 x −10 x + 7
2
dx .
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = −5 x 2 − 10 x + 7 ,
du
then = −10 x − 10, i.e. du = (−10 x − 10)dx. 1M
dx
 1
∴ ∫ ( x + 1)e
−5 x 2 −10 x + 7
dx = ∫  −  ⋅ e −5 x −10 x + 7 ⋅ ( −10 x − 10) dx
2
 10 
1
= − ∫ eu du
10
1
= − eu + C
10
1
= − e −5 x −10 x + 7 + C
2
1A
10
(2)
6B_C0079
ex
Find ∫ x dx .
2e + 9
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 2e x + 9,
du
then = 2e x , i.e. du = 2e x dx . 1M
dx
ex 1 1
∴ ∫ 2e x + 9 dx = ∫ 2 ⋅ 2e x + 9 ⋅ 2e dx
x
1 1
= ∫ du
2 u
1
= ln u + C
2
1
= ln(2e x + 9) + C 1A
2
(2)
6B_C0080
7(ln x) 4
Find ∫ dx .
x
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = ln x ,
du 1 1
then = , i.e. du = dx. 1M
dx x x
7(ln x) 4 4 1
∴ ∫ x dx = ∫ 7(ln x) ⋅ x dx
= 7 ∫ u 4 du
1
= 7 ⋅ u5 + C
5
7
= (ln x)5 + C 1A
5
(2)
6B_C0081
4
Find ∫ dx .
x(4 + ln 2 x)9
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 4 + ln 2 x ,
du 1 1
then = , i.e. du = dx . 1M
dx x x
4 1 1
∴ ∫ dx = 4 ∫ ⋅ dx
x(4 + ln 2 x) 9
(4 + ln 2 x) x
9
= 4 ∫ u −9 du
 1 
= 4  − u −8  + C
 8 
1
= − (4 + ln 2 x) −8 + C 1A
2
(2)
Level 2
6B_C0082
3 x +1
Find ∫ ee + 3 x +1
dx .
[ Hint: Let u = e3 x+1 . ]
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = e3 x +1 ,
du
then = 3e3 x +1, i.e. du = 3e3 x +1dx . 1M
dx
3 x +1 1 3 x+1
∴ ∫ ee +3 x +1dx = ∫ ⋅ ee ⋅ 3e3 x +1dx
3
1
= ∫ eu du
3
1
= eu + C
3
1 3 x+1
= ee + C 1A
3
(2)
6B_C0083
 ln x 
Find ∫  3 x − e 2 x +  dx .
 x 
(3 marks)
Solution:
 ln x  ln x
∫  3x − e +  dx = 3∫ xdx − ∫ e dx + ∫
2x 2x
dx
x  x
ln x
Consider ∫ dx .
x
Let u = ln x ,
du 1 1
then = , i.e. du = dx . 1M
dx x x
∴ ln x 1
∫ x dx = ∫ ln x ⋅ x dx
= ∫ udu
1
= u 2 + C1
2
1
= (ln x)2 + C1 1A
2
 ln x  ln x
∴ ∫  3x − e +  dx = 3∫ xdx − ∫ e dx + ∫
2x 2x
dx
x  x
3 1 1
= x 2 − e 2 x + (ln x ) 2 + C 1A
2 2 2
(3)
6B_C0084
Find ∫ [(2 x + 1)9 + 3(4 − x )5 ]dx.
(4 marks)
Solution:
∫ [(2 x + 1) + 3(4 − x) ]dx = ∫ (2 x + 1) dx + 3∫ (4 − x) dx

9 5 9 5
Consider ∫ (2 x + 1) dx . 9
Let u = 2 x + 1,
du
then = 2 , i.e. du = 2dx . 1M
dx
1
∴ ∫ (2 x + 1) dx = ∫ 2 ⋅ (2 x + 1)
9 9
⋅ 2dx
1 9
2∫
= u du
1 1
= ⋅ u10 + C1
2 10
1 10
= u + C1
20
1
= (2 x + 1)10 + C1 1A
20
Consider ∫ (4 − x ) 5 dx .
Let v = 4 − x ,
dv
then = −1, i.e. dv = − dx .
dx
∴ ∫ (4 − x) dx = ∫ (−1) ⋅ (4 − x) ⋅ ( −1) dx
5 5
= − ∫ v dv 5
1
= − v 6 + C2
6
1
= − (4 − x ) 6 + C2 1A
6
∴ ∫ [(2 x + 1) + 3(4 − x )5 ]dx = ∫ (2 x + 1)9 dx + 3∫ (4 − x )5 dx
9
1  1 
= (2 x + 1)10 + 3  − (4 − x ) 6  + C
20  6 
1 1
= (2 x + 1)10 − (4 − x) 6 + C 1A
20 2
(4)
6B_C0085
Find ∫ (4 x + 3)(2 x − 1)14 dx .
(3 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 2 x − 1,
du u +1
then = 2, i.e. du = 2dx and x = . 1M
dx 2
1
∴ ∫ (4 x + 3)(2 x − 1)14 dx = ∫ ⋅ (4 x + 3)(2 x − 1)14 ⋅ 2dx
2
1
= ∫ (2u + 5)u14 du
2
1
= ∫ (2u15 + 5u14 ) du 1M
2
1 1 1 
=  2 ⋅ u16 + 5 ⋅ u15  + C
2  16 15 
1 1
= (2 x − 1)16 + (2 x − 1)15 + C 1A
16 6
(3)
6B_C0086
Find ∫ ( x − 2) 2 ( x + 2)10 dx .
(3 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x + 2 ,
du
then = 1, i.e. du = dx and x = u − 2. 1M
dx
∴ ∫ ( x − 2) ( x + 2) dx = ∫ (u − 4) 2 u10 du
2 10
= ∫ (u 2 − 8u + 16)u10 du
= ∫ (u12 − 8u11 + 16u10 ) du 1M

1 13 1 1
= u − 8 ⋅ u12 + 16 ⋅ u11 + C
13 12 11
1 2 16
= ( x + 2)13 − ( x + 2)12 + ( x + 2)11 + C 1A
13 3 11
(3)
6B_C0087
x +1
Find ∫ dx .
3x + 2
(3 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 3x + 2,
du u−2
then = 3, i.e. du = 3dx and x = . 1M
dx 3
x +1 1 x +1
∴ ∫ dx = ∫ ⋅ ⋅ 3dx
3x + 2 3 3x + 2
u +1
1
= ∫ 3 du
3 u
1 1
1 −
9∫
= (u 2
+ u 2
)du 1M
1  2 32 1

=  u + 2u 2  + C
93 
3 1
2 2
= (3x + 2) 2 + (3 x + 2) 2 + C 1A
27 9
(3)
6B_C0088
1
Find ∫ 4 x 3 (2 x + 1) 4 dx .
(3 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 2 x + 1,
du u −1
then = 2 , i.e. du = 2dx and x = . 1M
dx 2
1 1
∴ ∫ 4 x (2 x + 1) 4 dx = ∫ 2 x (2 x + 1) 4 ⋅ 2dx
3 3
3
 u −1  4
1
= 2∫   u du
 2 
1
1
4∫
= (u 3
− 3u 2
+ 3 u − 1)u 4
du
13 9 5 1
1
= ∫ (u 4 − 3u 4 + 3u 4 − u 4 )du 1M
4
1  4 17 4 13 4 9 4 5
=  u 4 −3⋅ u 4 + 3⋅ u4 − u4  + C
4  17 13 9 5 
17 13 9 5
1 3 1 1
= (2 x + 1) 4 − (2 x + 1) 4 + (2 x + 1) 4 − (2 x + 1) 4 + C 1A
17 13 3 5
(3)
6B_C0089
3
4x 2
Find ∫ dx .
x +1
(3 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x + 1 ,
du 1 − 12 1 −1
then = x , i.e. du = x 2 dx and x = (u − 1) 2. 1M
dx 2 2
3 3
1
4x 2 4 x 2 1 − 12
∴ ∫ x +1
dx = ∫ 2 x 2 ⋅
x +1 2
⋅ x dx
(u − 1) 4
= 8∫ du
u
u 4 − 4u 3 + 6u 2 − 4u + 1
= 8∫ du
u
 1
= 8∫  u 3 − 4u 2 + 6u − 4 +  du 1M
 u
1 1 1 
= 8  u 4 − 4 ⋅ u 3 + 6 ⋅ u 2 − 4u + ln u  + C
4 3 2 
32
= 2( x + 1) 4 − ( x + 1)3 + 24( x + 1) 2 − 32( x + 1) + 8 ln( x + 1) + C 1A
3
(3)
6B_C0090
x 2 ( x 3 + 5)(4 − x 3 )
Find ∫ dx .
x3 − 3
(3 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x3 − 3 ,
du
then = 3x 2 , i.e. du = 3 x 2 dx and x3 = u + 3. 1M
dx
x 2 ( x3 + 5)(4 − x3 ) 1 ( x3 + 5)(4 − x 3 )
∴ ∫ = ∫ 3 ⋅ x3 − 3 ⋅ 3x dx
2
dx
x3 − 3
1 (u + 8)(1 − u )
= ∫ du
3 u
1 8 − 7u − u 2
= ∫ du
3 u
1 8 
= ∫  − 7 − u  du 1M
3 u 
1 1 
=  8ln u − 7u − u 2  + C
3 2 
8 7 1
= ln x 3 − 3 − ( x3 − 3) − ( x3 − 3)2 + C 1A
3 3 6
(3)
6B_C0091
3x 2 + x − 1
Find ∫ dx .
x2 − 2x + 1
(3 marks)
Solution:
3x 2 + x − 1 3x 2 + x − 1
∫ x 2 − 2 x + 1 ∫ ( x − 1)2 dx
dx =
Let u = x − 1 ,
du
then = 1, i.e. du = dx and x = u + 1. 1M
dx
3x2 + x − 1 3(u + 1)2 + (u + 1) − 1

∴ ∫ x 2 − 2 x + 1 dx = ∫ u2
du
3u 2 + 7u + 3
=∫ du
u2
 7 
= ∫  3 + + 3u −2  du 1M
 u 
u −1
= 3u + 7 ln u + 3 ⋅ + C1
−1
3
= 3( x − 1) + 7 ln x − 1 − + C1
x −1
3
= 3x + 7 ln x − 1 − +C 1A
x −1
(3)
6B_C0092
Find ∫ 3 x 3 ( x 2 + 3)( x 2 − 4)33 dx .
(3 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x 2 − 4 ,
du
then = 2 x , i.e. du = 2 xdx and x 2 = u + 4 . 1M
dx
1
∴ ∫ 3 x3 ( x 2 + 3)( x 2 − 4)33 dx = 3∫ ⋅ x 2 ( x 2 + 3)( x 2 − 4)33 ⋅ 2 xdx
2
3
= ∫ (u + 4)(u + 7)u 33 du
2
3
= ∫ (u 35 + 11u 34 + 28u 33 )du 1M
2
3 1 1 1 
=  u 36 + 11 ⋅ u 35 + 28 ⋅ u 34  + C
2  36 35 34 
1 2 33 21
= ( x − 4)36 + ( x 2 − 4)35 + ( x 2 − 4)34 + C 1A
24 70 17
(3)
6B_C0093
Find ∫ x ( x 4 + 6 x 2 + 9) 6 dx .
(3 marks)
Solution:
∫ x( x + 6 x 2 + 9)6 dx = ∫ x[( x 2 + 3) 2 ]6 dx
4
1M
= ∫ x( x 2 + 3)12 dx
Let u = x 2 + 3,
du
then = 2 x , i.e. du = 2 xdx . 1M
dx
1
∴ ∫ x( x 4 + 6 x 2 + 9)6 dx = ∫ ⋅ ( x 2 + 3)12 ⋅ 2 xdx
2
1
= ∫ u12 du
2
1 1
= ⋅ u13 + C
2 13
1 2
= ( x + 3)13 + C 1A
26
(3)
6B_C0094
x(3 x 4 + 9 x 2 + 4)
Find ∫ dx .
x2 + 3
(3 marks)
Solution:
x(3 x 4 + 9 x 2 + 4) 3x5 + 9 x3 + 4 x
∫ x2 + 3
dx = ∫ x 2 + 3 dx
3 x3 ( x 2 + 3) + 4 x
=∫ dx
x2 + 3
4x
= ∫ 3 x 3 dx + ∫ 2 dx 1M
x +3
2
= ∫ 3 x3 dx + ∫ 2 d ( x 2 + 3) 1M
x +3
3
= x 4 + 2 ln( x 2 + 3) + C 1A
4
(3)
6B_C0095
It is given that x > 0. Find ∫ 3 x 4 + 6 x 2 dx .
(3 marks)
Solution:
∫3 x 4 + 6 x 2 dx = ∫ 3 x x 2 + 6dx 1M
1 2
= 3∫ x + 6d ( x 2 + 6) 1M
2
3
3 2
= ⋅ ( x 2 + 6) 2 + C
2 3
3
= ( x + 6) + C
2 2
1A
(3)
6B_C0096
3x 2 + 4 1
It is given that x > 0 . Find ∫ 4
dx by using the substitution u = 2 .
2x x
(3 marks)
Solution:
1
∵ u= 2
x
du 2 2
∴ = − 3 , i.e. du = − 3 dx . 1M
dx x x
3x 2 + 4 1  1  3x 2 + 4  2
∫ 2 x4
dx =
2 ∫ 2 
−  ⋅
x
⋅  − 3  dx
 x 
1 4  2
=−
4 ∫ 3 + 2 ⋅  − 3  dx
x  x 
1
= − ∫ 3 + 4udu
4
1 1
=− ∫ 3 + 4ud (3 + 4u ) 1M
4 4
3
1 2
= − ⋅ (3 + 4u ) 2 + C
16 3
3
1  4 2
= − 3+ 2  + C 1A
24  x 
(3)
6B_C0097
dx x −1
Find ∫ by using the substitution u = .
x + 2x − 3
2
x+3
(3 marks)
Solution:
x −1
∵ u=
x+3
du ( x + 3)(1) − ( x − 1)(1)
∴ =
dx ( x + 3) 2
4
=
( x + 3) 2
4
i.e. du = dx 1M
( x + 3) 2
dx dx
∫x 2
+ 2x − 3
=∫
( x − 1)( x + 3)
1 x+3 4
=∫ ⋅ ⋅ dx
4 x − 1 ( x + 3)2
1 1
= ∫ du 1M
4 u
1
= ln u + C
4
1 x −1
= ln +C 1A
4 x+3
(3)
6B_C0098
e −5 x
(a) Find ∫ dx.
2 − e −5 x
3
(b) Hence find ∫ dx .
1 − 2e 5 x
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) Let u = 2 − e −5 x ,
du
then = 5e −5 x , i.e. du = 5e −5 x dx . 1M
dx
e −5 x 1 1 −5 x
∴ ∫ 2 − e−5 x dx = ∫ 5 ⋅ 2 − e−5 x ⋅ 5e dx
1 1
= ∫ du
5 u
1
= ln u + C
5
1
= ln 2 − e −5 x + C 1A
5
(2)
3 1
(b) ∫ 1 − 2e 5x
dx = 3∫
1 − 2e 5 x
dx
e −5 x
= 3∫ − 5 x dx
e −2
e −5 x
= − 3∫ dx 1M
2 − e −5 x
1 
= −3  ln 2 − e −5 x  + C
5 
3
= − ln 2 − e−5 x + C 1A
5
(2)
Level 3
6B_C0099
e2 x
(a) Find ∫ 2 x dx .
e +1
1
(b) Hence find ∫ 2 x dx .
e +1
(4 marks)
Solution:
e2 x 1 1
∫ e2 x + 1 dx = ∫ 2 ⋅ e2 x + 1 ⋅ 2e dx
2x
(a)
1 1
= ∫ 2x d (e2 x + 1) 1M
2 e +1
1
= ln(e2 x + 1) + C 1A
2
(2)
1 e +1− e 2x 2x
(b) ∫e 2x
+1
dx = ∫
e2 x + 1
dx
 e2 x 
= ∫ 1 − 2 x dx 1M
 e +1
e2 x
= ∫ dx − ∫ 2 x dx
e +1
1
= x − ln(e2 x + 1) + C 1A
2
(2)
6B_C0100
2x + 3
(a) Find ∫ 2x 2
+ 6x + 9
dx .
x2
(b) Hence find ∫ 2 x 2 + 6 x + 9 dx.
(4 marks)
Solution:
2x + 3 1 1
(a) ∫ 2x 2
+ 6x + 9
dx = ∫ ⋅ 2
2 2x + 6x + 9
⋅ 2(2 x + 3)dx
1 1
= ∫ 2 d (2 x 2 + 6 x + 9) 1M
2 2x + 6x + 9
1
= ln(2 x 2 + 6 x + 9) + C 1A
2
(2)
x2 1 2 x2
(b) ∫ 2 dx = ∫ 2 dx
2x + 6x + 9 2 2x + 6x + 9
1 2 x2 + 6 x + 9 − 6x − 9
= ∫ dx
2 2x2 + 6x + 9
1  6x + 9 
= ∫ 1 − 2  dx
2  2x + 6x + 9 
1M
1 3 2x + 3
=
2 ∫ dx − ∫ 2
2 2x + 6x + 9
dx
1 3 1
= x − ⋅ ln(2 x 2 + 6 x + 9) + C
2 2 2
1 3
= x − ln(2 x 2 + 6 x + 9) + C 1A
2 4
(2)
6B_C0101
x2 + 4 x + 2 A B
(a) If ≡ 2+ , find the values of the constants A and B.
[ x( x + 1)]2
x ( x + 1) 2
x2 + 4x + 2
[ x( x + 1)]2
(4 marks)
Solution:
x2 + 4x + 2 A B
(a) ≡ 2+
[ x( x + 1)]2
x ( x + 1) 2
A( x + 1) 2 + Bx 2
≡
x 2 ( x + 1) 2
( A + B ) x 2 + 2 Ax + A
≡
[ x( x + 1)]2
 A + B = 1...................... (1)

∴ 2 A = 4 .......................... (2) 1M
 A = 2 ............................ (3)

Substitute (3) into (1),

2 + B =1
B = −1
∴ A = 2, B = −1 1A
(2)
x2 + 4x + 2 2 −1 
(b) ∫ [ x( x + 1)]2 dx = ∫  x 2 + ( x + 1)2  dx
1 1
= 2∫ dx − ∫ dx
x 2
( x + 1) 2
1 1
= 2 ∫ 2 dx − ∫ d ( x + 1) 1M
x ( x + 1) 2
2 1
=− + +C 1A
x x +1
(2)
6B_C0102
2 x2 + 5x + 6 P Q R
(a) If ≡ + + , find the values of the constants P, Q and R.
( x + 2) 3
x + 2 ( x + 2) ( x + 2)3
2
2 x2 + 5x + 6
( x + 2)3
(4 marks)
Solution:
2x2 + 5x + 6 P Q R
(a) ≡ + +
( x + 2) 3
x + 2 ( x + 2) ( x + 2)3
2
P ( x + 2) 2 + Q ( x + 2) + R
≡
( x + 2)3
Px 2 + (4 P + Q ) x + 4 P + 2Q + R
≡
( x + 2)3
 P = 2 ...................................... (1)

∴ 4 P + Q = 5 .............................. (2) 1M
4 P + 2Q + R = 6 ..................... (3)


4(2) + Q = 5
Q = −3
Substitute P = 2 and Q = −3 into (3),
4(2) + 2(−3) + R = 6
R=4
∴ P = 2, Q = −3, R = 4 1A
(2)
2x2 + 5x + 6  2 3 4 
(b) ∫ dx = ∫  − + 3
dx
( x + 2) 3
 x + 2 ( x + 2) ( x + 2) 
2
 2 3 4 
= ∫ − + 3
d ( x + 2) 1M
 x + 2 ( x + 2) ( x + 2) 
2
( x + 2)−1 ( x + 2) −2
= 2 ln x + 2 − 3 ⋅ +4⋅ +C
−1 −2
3 2
= 2 ln x + 2 + − +C 1A
x + 2 ( x + 2) 2
(2)
6B_C0103
6 x 2 + 3 x − 10 Px + Q R
(a) If ≡ 2 + , find the values of the constants P, Q and R.
( x − 2)( x + 3) x − 2 x + 3
2
6 x 2 + 3x − 10
(b) Hence find ∫ 3 dx .
x + 3x 2 − 2 x − 6
(4 marks)
Solution:
6 x 2 + 3 x − 10 Px + Q R
(a) ≡ 2 +
( x − 2)( x + 3) x − 2 x + 3
2
( Px + Q )( x + 3) + R ( x 2 − 2)
≡
( x 2 − 2)( x + 3)
( P + R ) x 2 + (3P + Q ) x + 3Q − 2 R
≡
( x 2 − 2)( x + 3)
 P + R = 6 ................... (1)

∴ 3P + Q = 3 ................. (2)
3Q − 2 R = −10 ...........(3) 1M

From (1),
R = 6 − P ............................ (4)
From (2),
Q = 3 − 3P .......................... (5)
Substitute (4) and (5) into (3),
3(3 − 3P ) − 2(6 − P ) = −10
−7 P = −7
P =1
Substitute P = 1 into (4),
R = 6 −1
=5
Substitute P = 1 into (5),
Q = 3 − 3(1)
=0
∴ P = 1, Q = 0, R = 5 1A
(2)
6 x + 3x − 10
2
6 x + 3x − 10
2
(b) ∫x 3
+ 3x − 2 x − 6
2
dx = ∫ 2
( x − 2)( x + 3)
dx
 x 5 
= ∫ 2 +  dx
 x −2 x+3
x 5
=∫ 2 dx + ∫ dx
x −2 x+3
1 1 5
=∫ ⋅ 2 d ( x 2 − 2) + ∫ d ( x + 3) 1M
2 x −2 x+3
1
= ln x 2 − 2 + 5ln x + 3 + C 1A
2
(2)
Exercise 6C
Level 1
6C_C0104
Q '(t ) is the rate of change of Q (t ) with respect to t. If Q '(t ) = t 2 − 6t + 12 and Q(3) = 12, find Q (t ) .
(3 marks)
Solution:
∵ Q '(t ) = t 2 − 6t + 12
∴ Q(t ) = ∫ (t 2 − 6t + 12)dt
1
= t 3 − 3t 2 + 12t + C 1A
3
∵ Q (3) = 12
1 3
∴ (3) − 3(3) 2 + 12(3) + C = 12 1M
3
C = −6
1
∴ Q(t ) = t 3 − 3t 2 + 12t − 6 1A
3
(3)
6C_C0105
N '(t ) is the rate of change of N (t ) with respect to t. If N '(t ) = 30e −3t + 1 and N (1) = 3, find N (t ) .
(3 marks)
Solution:
∵ N '(t ) = 30e −3t + 1
∴ N (t ) = ∫ (30e−3t + 1)dt
= −10e −3t + t + C 1A
∵ N (1) = 3
∴ −10e −3(1) + 1 + C = 3 1M
C = 2 + 10e −3
∴ N (t ) = −10e −3t + t + 2 + 10e−3 1A
(3)
6C_C0106
1
Q '(t ) is the rate of change of Q (t ) with respect to t. If Q '(t ) = and Q(3) = 2 , find Q (t ) .
(3t − 8) 2
(3 marks)
Solution:
1
∵ Q '(t ) =
(3t − 8) 2
∴ Q(t ) = ∫ (3t − 8) −2 dt
1
(3t − 8) −2 d (3t − 8)
3∫
=
1 (3t − 8) −1
= ⋅ +C
3 −1
1
= − (3t − 8) −1 + C 1A
3
∵ Q(3) = 2
1
∴ − [3(3) − 8]−1 + C = 2 1M
3
7
C=
3
1 7
∴ Q(t ) = − (3t − 8) −1 + 1A
3 3
(3)
6C_C0107
dy 1
It is given that = ( x + 3)(2 x − 1) . When x = 1, y = . Express y in terms of x.
dx 2
(3 marks)
Solution:
dy
∵ = ( x + 3)(2 x − 1)
dx
= 2 x2 + 5x − 3
∴ y = ∫ (2 x 2 + 5 x − 3)dx
2 3 5 2
= x + x − 3x + C 1A
3 2
1
When x = 1, y = .
2
2 3 5 2 1
∴ (1) + (1) − 3(1) + C = 1M
3 2 2
1
C=
3
2 3 5 2 1
∴ y= x + x − 3x + 1A
3 2 3
(3)
6C_C0108
dy 3e3 x
It is given that = 3x . When x = 0 , y = 2 . Express y in terms of x.
dx e + 2
(3 marks)
Solution:
dy 3e3 x
∵ =
dx e3 x + 2
3e3 x
∴ y = ∫ 3x dx
e +2
1
= ∫ 3x d (e3 x + 2)
e +2
= ln e3 x + 2 + C
= ln(e3 x + 2) + C 1A
When x = 0 , y = 2 .
∴ ln(e3(0) + 2) + C = 2 1M
C = 2 − ln 3
∴ y = ln(e3 x + 2) + 2 − ln 3 1A
(3)
6C_C0109
d2y 1 dy
It is given that 2
= 3e 2 x − e − 2 x . When x = 0 , y = e 2 and = 3. Express y in terms of x.
dx 2 dx
(3 marks)
Solution:
d2y 1
∵ 2
= 3e 2 x − e −2 x
dx 2
dy  1 
∴ = ∫  3e2 x − e −2 x  dx
dx  2 
3 1
= e 2 x + e −2 x + C1 1A
2 4
dy
When x = 0 , = 3.
dx
3 2( 0) 1 −2(0)
∴ e + e + C1 = 3 1M
2 4
5
C1 =
4
dy 3 2 x 1 −2 x 5
∴ = e + e +
dx 2 4 4
3 1 5
y = ∫  e 2 x + e −2 x +  dx
2 4 4
3 1 5
= e 2 x − e −2 x + x + C2
4 8 4
When x = 0, y = e 2 .
3 2( 0) 1 − 2(0) 5
∴ e − e + ( 0) + C 2 = e 2
4 8 4
5
C2 = e 2 −
8
3 2x 1 −2x 5 5
∴ y= e − e + x + e2 − 1A
4 8 4 8
(3)
6C_C0110
dx d 2x
It is given that = e kt + 6t 2 − 8t . When t = 0, 2 = −2; when t = −1, x = 10 . Express x as a function
dt dt
of t.
(3 marks)
Solution:
dx
= ekt + 6t 2 − 8t
dt
d2x
= ke kt + 12t − 8
dt 2
d 2x
When t = 0, 2 = −2.
dt
∴ ke + 12(0) − 8 = −2
k (0)
1M
k =6
dx
∴ = e6t + 6t 2 − 8t
dt
x = ∫ (e6t + 6t 2 − 8t )dt
1
= e6t + 2t 3 − 4t 2 + C 1A
6
When t = −1, x = 10 .
1 6( −1)
∴ e + 2(−1)3 − 4(−1) 2 + C = 10
6
1
C = 16 −
6e 6
1 1
∴ x = e6 t + 2t 3 − 4t 2 + 16 − 6 1A
6 6e
(3)
6C_C0111
d2y 1
It is given that 2
= 4 x − . When x = 1 , y = −4 ; when x = 4 , y = −1. Express y in terms of x.
dx 3
(3 marks)
Solution:
d2y 1
∵ 2
= 4x −
dx 3
dy  1
∴ = ∫  4 x −  dx
dx  3
1
= 2 x 2 − x + C1
3
 1 
y = ∫  2 x 2 − x + C1  dx
 3 
2 1
= x3 − x 2 + C1 x + C2 1A
3 6
When x = 1, y = −4.
2 3 1 2
∴ (1) − (1) + C1 (1) + C2 = −4
3 6
9
C1 + C2 = − ............................. (1)
2 1M
When x = 4, y = −1.
2 3 1 2
∴ (4) − (4) + C1 (4) + C2 = −1
3 6
4C1 + C2 = −41.......................... (2)
73
(2) − (1) : 3C1 = −
2
73
C1 = −
6
73
Substitute C1 = − into (1),
6
73 9
− + C2 = −
6 2
23
C2 =
3
2 1 73 23
∴ y = x3 − x 2 − x+ 1A
3 6 6 3
(3)
6C_C0112
dy  1
The slope of the tangent to a curve at any point (x, y) is given by = e 2 x −1 + e6−3 x . If  2, −  is a
dx  3
point lying on the curve, find the equation of the curve.
(3 marks)
Solution:
dy
∵ = e 2 x −1 + e6−3 x
dx
∴ y = ∫ (e 2 x −1 + e6 −3 x )dx
1  1 
= ∫ e 2 x −1d (2 x − 1) + ∫  − e6 −3 x  d (6 − 3 x)
2  3 
1 1
= e2 x −1 − e6−3 x + C 1A
2 3
1
When x = 2 , y = − .
3
1 2(2)−1 1 6−3(2) 1
∴ e − e +C = − 1M
2 3 3
1
C = − e3
2
1 2 x −1 1 6 −3 x 1 3
∴ The equation of the curve is y = e − e − e. 1A
2 3 2
(3)
6C_C0113
dy
The slope of the tangent to a curve S at any point (x, y) is given by = 2 x 2 − 4 x + 7. The straight
dx
line 15 x − 3 y − 43 = 0 is the tangent to S at the point P.
(a) Find the coordinates of P.
(b) Find the equation of S.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) Let ( x1 , y1 ) be the coordinates of P.
15
∵ Slope of the tangent at P = =5
3
dy
∴ =5
dx x = x1
2 x12 − 4 x1 + 7 = 5 1M
x − 2 x1 + 1 = 0
2
1
( x1 − 1) 2 = 0
x1 = 1
Substitute x = 1 and y = y1 into 15 x − 3 y − 43 = 0,

15(1) − 3 y1 − 43 = 0
3 y1 = −28
28
y1 = −
3
 28 
∴ The coordinates of P are 1, −  . 1A
 3 
(2)
dy
(b) ∵ = 2x2 − 4x + 7
dx
∴ y = ∫ (2 x 2 − 4 x + 7)dx
1 1
= 2 ⋅ x3 − 4 ⋅ x2 + 7 x + C
3 2
2
= x3 − 2 x 2 + 7 x + C 1A
3
28
When x = 1, y = − .
3
2 3 28
∴ (1) − 2(1)2 + 7(1) + C = − 1M
3 3
C = −15
2
∴ The equation of S is y = x 3 − 2 x 2 + 7 x − 15. 1A
3
(3)
6C_C0114
dy x2 − 1
The slope of the tangent to a curve at any point (x, y) is given by = and one of the
dx 2 x3 − 6 x + 5
x-intercepts of the curve is 2.
(a) Find the equation of the curve.
(b) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at x = 5.
(5 marks)
Solution:
dy x2 − 1
(a) ∵ =
dx 2 x3 − 6 x + 5
x2 − 1
∴ y=∫ dx
2 x3 − 6 x + 5
1 1
=∫ ⋅ d (2 x3 − 6 x + 5)
6 2x − 6x + 5
3
1
= 2 x3 − 6 x + 5 + C 1A
3
When x = 2, y = 0 .
1
∴ 2(2)3 − 6(2) + 5 + C = 0 1M
3
C = −1
1
∴ The equation of the curve is y = 2 x 3 − 6 x + 5 − 1. 1A
3
(3)
(b) When x = 5,
1
y= 2(5)3 − 6(5) + 5 − 1
3
=4
Slope of the tangent at x = 5
dy
=
dx x =5
52 − 1
=
2(5)3 − 6(5) + 5
8
=
5
∴ The equation of the tangent at x = 5 is
8
y − 4 = ( x − 5) 1M
5
8 x − 5 y − 20 = 0 1A
(2)
6C_C0115
3
dy  2 2 
The slope of the tangent to a curve C at any point (x, y) is given by =  x −  . It is given that
dx  x
A(2, 10) lies on C.
(a) Find the equation of the tangent to C at A.

3
 2
(b) Expand  x 2 −  .
 x
(c) Find the equation of C.
(7 marks)
Solution:
dy
(a) Slope of the tangent at A =
dx x =2
3
 2
=  22 − 
 2
= 27 1A
∴ The equation of the tangent at A is
y − 10 = 27( x − 2)
27 x − y − 44 = 0 1A
(2)
3 2 3
 2 2 2 2
(b)  x 2 −  = ( x 2 )3 − 3( x 2 ) 2   + 3( x 2 )   −   1M
 x x x x
8
= x 6 − 6 x3 + 12 − 3 1A
x
(2)
3
 2 2
(c) y = ∫  x −  dx
 x
 8 
= ∫  x 6 − 6 x 3 + 12 − 3  dx
 x 
1 x 4
x −2
= x 7 − 6 ⋅ + 12 x − 8 ⋅ + C1
7 4 −2
1 3 4
= x 7 − x 4 + 12 x + 2 + C1 1A
7 2 x
When x = 2, y = 10 .
1 7 3 4 4
∴ (2) − (2) + 12(2) + 2 + C1 = 10 1M
7 2 2
65
C1 = −
7
1 3 4 65
∴ The equation of C is y = x 7 − x 4 + 12 x + 2 − . 1A
7 2 x 7
(3)
6C_C0116
3
dy  1 x 
The slope of the tangent to a curve C at any point (x, y) is given by =  +  , where x > 0 . It is
dx  x 2 
given that the x-intercept of C is 2.
(a) Find the equation of the tangent to C at the point where C cuts the x-axis.
3
1 x
(b) Expand  +  .
 x 2
(c) Find the equation of C for x > 0 .
(7 marks)
Solution:
dy
(a) Slope of the required tangent =
dx x=2
3
1 2
= + 
2 2
27
= 1A
8
∴ The equation of the required tangent is
27
y −0 = ( x − 2)
8
27 x − 8 y − 54 = 0 1A
(2)
3 3 2 2 3
1 x 1  1   x   1  x   x 
(b)  +  =   + 3     + 3     +   1M
 x 2  x  x   2   x  2   2 
1 3 3 1
= 3+ + x + x3 1A
x 2x 4 8
(2)
3
1 x
(c) y = ∫  +  dx
 x 2
 1 3 3 1 
= ∫ 3 + + x + x 3  dx
 x 2x 4 8 
1 3 3 1
= − 2 + ln x + x 2 + x 4 + C1 1A
2x 2 8 32
When x = 2 , y = 0.
1 3 3 1
∴ − 2
+ ln 2 + (2) 2 + (2) 4 + C1 = 0 1M
2(2) 2 8 32
3 15
C1 = − ln 2 −
2 8
1 3 3 1 3 15
∴ The equation of C is y = − 2 + ln x + x 2 + x 4 − ln 2 − . 1A
2x 2 8 32 2 8
(3)
6C_C0117
dy
The slope of the tangent to a curve C at any point (x, y) is given by = (e x − e − x )3 . It is given that the
dx
y-intercept of C is 1.
(a) Is the tangent to C at the point where C cuts the y-axis a horizontal line? Explain your answer.
(b) Expand (e x − e − x )3.
(c) Find the equation of C.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) Slope of the tangent at the point where C cuts the y-axis
dy
=
dx x =0
= ( e − e −0 ) 3
0
=0 1A
∴ The tangent to C at the point where C cuts the y-axis is a horizontal line. 1A
(2)
(b) (e x − e − x )3
= (e x )3 − 3(e x ) 2 (e − x ) + 3(e x )(e − x ) 2 − (e − x )3 1M
= e3 x − 3e x + 3e − x − e −3 x 1A
(2)
−x 3
(c) y = ∫ (e − e ) dx
x
= ∫ (e3 x − 3e x + 3e − x − e −3 x ) dx
1 1
= e3 x − 3e x − 3e − x + e −3 x + C1 1A
3 3
When x = 0 , y = 1.
1 3(0) 1
∴ e − 3e 0 − 3e −0 + e −3(0) + C1 = 1 1M
3 3
19
C1 =
3
1 1 19
∴ The equation of C is y = e3 x − 3e x − 3e − x + e −3 x + . 1A
3 3 3
(3)
6C_C0118
12 x − 24
Let f ( x ) be a function defined for all real numbers x such that f '( x ) = . It is given that
(2 x 2 − 8 x + 9) 2
f ( x ) attains its minimum value at x = a .
(a) Find a.
(b) It is given that the extreme value of f ( x ) is 1.
(i) Find f ( x ) .
(ii) Find lim f ( x ).
x →∞
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ f ( x ) attains its minimum value at x = a .
∴ f '(a ) = 0
12a − 24
=0 1M
(2a 2 − 8a + 9) 2
a=2 1A
(2)
12 x − 24
(b) (i) f ( x) = ∫ dx
(2 x 2 − 8 x + 9) 2
1
= 3∫ d (2 x 2 − 8 x + 9) 1M
(2 x − 8 x + 9) 2
2
3
=− 2 +C
2x − 8x + 9
∵ f (2) = 1
3
∴ − + C =1 1M
2(2) − 8(2) + 9
2
C=4
3
∴ f ( x) = − 2 +4 1A
2x − 8x + 9
(ii) lim f ( x ) = 4 1A
x →∞
(4)
6C_C0119
2+ x
Let f ( x ) be a function defined for all real numbers x such that f '( x ) = 2
+4 x
. It is given that f ( x )
2x
attains its maximum value at x = t .
(a) Find t.
2
(b) It is given that the maximum value of f ( x ) is − .
ln 2
(i) Find f ( x ) .
(ii) Find lim f ( x ).
x →∞
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ f ( x ) attains its maximum value at x = t .
∴ f '(t ) = 0
2+t
2
+ 4t
=0 1M
2t
t = −2 1A
(2)
2+ x
(b) (i) f ( x) = ∫ 2
+4 x
dx
2x
= ∫ (2 + x )(e ln 2 ) − x −4 x
2
dx
= ∫ (2 + x )e − ( x + 4 x ) ln 2
2
dx
1
= ∫ ⋅ e − ( x + 4 x ) ln 2 ⋅ (2 x + 4) dx
2
2
1
= ∫ e − ( x + 4 x ) ln 2 d ( x 2 + 4 x )
2
1M
2
1 1 − ( x 2 + 4 x ) ln 2
= ⋅ e +C
2 − ln 2
1
= − x2 + 4 x +1 +C
(2 ) ln 2
2
∵ f ( −2) = −
ln 2
1 2
∴ − +C = − 1M
( −2) 2 + 4( −2) +1
[2 ]ln 2 ln 2
6
C=
ln 2
1 6
∴ f ( x ) = − x2 + 4 x +1 + 1A
(2 ) ln 2 ln 2
 1 6 
(ii) lim f ( x) = lim  − x2 + 4 x +1 +
x →∞ x →∞
 (2 ) ln 2 ln 2 
1 1 6
=− ⋅ lim x2 + 4 x +1 +
ln 2 →∞ ln 2
x
2
6
= 1A
ln 2
(4)
6C_C0120
Peter practises running every morning in this month. The rate of change of his weight W (in kg)
dW 3 7
1 month later can be modelled by = − 2t + 4 − − 2 (1.5 ≤ t ≤ 4 ), where t (in hours) is the time
dt t t
spent on the running practice every morning. If Peter spends 2 hours on the practice every morning, he
predicts that his weight will be 60 kg 1 month later.
(a) Express W in terms of t.

(b) It is given that Peter spends 2.5 hours on the practice every morning. What will be his weight
1 month later? (Give your answer correct to 1 decimal place.)
(4 marks)
Solution:
dW 3 7
(a) ∵ = −2t + 4 − − 2
dt t t
 3 7
∴ W = ∫  −2t + 4 − − 2  dt
 t t 
7
= −t 2 + 4t − 3ln t + + C 1A
t
When t = 2 , W = 60 .
7
∴ −22 + 4(2) − 3ln 2 + + C = 60 1M
2
105
C= + 3ln 2
2
7 105
∴ W = −t 2 + 4t − 3ln t + + + 3ln 2 1A
t 2
(3)
(b) When t = 2.5 ,
7 105
W = −2.52 + 4(2.5) − 3ln 2.5 + + + 3ln 2
2.5 2
= 58.4 (cor. to 1 d.p.)
∴ The weight of Peter will be 58.4 kg. 1A
(1)
6C_C0121
Some residents in a city are infected with a particular type of influenza. The rate of spread of the virus
dN
can be modelled by = 60e0.1t (0 ≤ t ≤ 20) , where N is the total number of people infected and t is
dt
the number of days elapsed since the outbreak of the virus. It is given that the total number of people
infected is 800 after 2 days since the outbreak of the virus.
(a) Express N in terms of t.
(b) Find the total number of people infected after 14 days since the outbreak of the virus. (Give your
answer correct to the nearest integer.)
(4 marks)
Solution:
dN
(a) ∵ = 60e0.1t
dt
∴ N = ∫ 60e0.1t dt
e0.1t
= 60 ⋅ +C
0.1
= 600e0.1t + C 1A
When t = 2, N = 800 .
∴ 800 = 600e 0.1(2) + C 1M
C = 800 − 600e 0.2
∴ N = 600e0.1t + 800 − 600e0.2 1A
(3)
(b) When t = 14,
N = 600e 0.1(14) + 800 − 600e 0.2
= 2 500 (cor. to the nearest integer)
∴ The total number of people infected is 2 500 after 14 days since the outbreak
of the virus. 1A
(1)
6C_C0122
The rate of change of the volume V cm 3 of a balloon after t seconds (0 ≤ t ≤ 5) can be modelled by
dV
= 4t 3 − 2t . It is given that the volume of the balloon is 16 cm3 after 2 seconds.
dt
(a) Express V in terms of t.
(b) Find the volume of the balloon after 4 seconds.
(c) If the volume of the balloon is 76 cm 3 after k seconds, find the value of k.
(5 marks)
Solution:
dV
(a) ∵ = 4t 3 − 2t
dt
∴ V = ∫ (4t 3 − 2t ) dt
= t4 − t2 + C 1A
When t = 2, V = 16.
∴ 16 = 2 4 − 2 2 + C 1M
C=4
∴ V = t4 − t2 + 4 1A
(3)
(b) When t = 4,
V = 44 − 42 + 4
= 244
∴ The volume of the balloon is 244 cm 3 after 4 seconds. 1A
(1)
(c) When V = 76,
76 = k 4 − k 2 + 4
k 4 − k 2 − 72 = 0
(k 2 + 8)(k 2 − 9) = 0
k 2 = −8 (rejected) or k 2 = 9
k = 3 or −3 (rejected) 1A
(1)
6C_C0123
dP 32t
The rate of change of the value P (in ten thousand dollars) of a flat is given by = , where
dt 4t + 9
t is the number of years elapsed since the beginning of 2019. The value of the flat is $3 000 000 at the
beginning of 2019.
(a) Express P in terms of t.
(b) Find the percentage change of the value of the flat from the beginning of 2019 to the beginning of
2025. (Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
(5 marks)
Solution:
dP 32t
(a) ∵ =
dt 4t + 9
32t
∴ P=∫ dt
4t + 9
Let u = 4t + 9,
du u −9
then = 4, i.e. du = 4dt and t = . 1M
dt 4
32t
P=∫ dt
4t + 9
8t
=∫ ⋅ 4dt
4t + 9
u −9
= 8∫ 4 du
u
1 1
−
= 2 ∫ (u − 9u ) du
2 2
 2 32 1

= 2  u − 18u 2  + C
3 
3 1
4
= (4t + 9) 2 − 36(4t + 9) 2 + C 1A
3
When t = 0 , P = 300 .
3 1
4
∴ [4(0) + 9] 2 − 36[4(0) + 9] 2 + C = 300 1M
3
−72 + C = 300
C = 372
3 1
4
∴ P= (4t + 9) 2 − 36(4t + 9) 2 + 372 1A
3
(4)
(b) At the beginning of 2025, t = 6.
3 1
4
When t = 6 , P = [4(6) + 9] 2 − 36[4(6) + 9] 2 + 372
3
= 8 33 + 372
∴ Required percentage change
8 33 + 372 − 300
= × 100%
300
= +39.3% (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) 1A
(1)
6C_C0124
The rate of change of the temperature T (in °C) of a cup of hot milk after t minutes can be modelled by
dT
= −3.9e −0.06t . It is given that the initial temperature is 90°C.
dt
(a) Express T in terms of t.
(b) When will the temperature of the cup of milk decrease to 50°C? (Give your answer correct to
3 significant figures.)
(c) Find the temperature of the cup of milk after a very long time.
(6 marks)
Solution:
dT
(a) ∵ = −3.9e −0.06t
dt
∴ T = ∫ (−3.9e −0.06t )dt
e−0.06t
= −3.9 ⋅ +C
− 0.06
= 65e−0.06t + C 1A
When t = 0 , T = 90 .
∴ 90 = 65e −0.06(0) + C 1M
C = 25
∴ T = 65e−0.06t + 25 1A
(3)
(b) When T = 50,
50 = 65e −0.06t + 25 1M
5
e −0.06t =
13
5
ln
t = 13
−0.06
= 15.9 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
∴ The temperature of the cup of milk will decrease to 50°C after 15.9 minutes. 1A
(2)
(c) lim(65e −0.06 t + 25) = 65(0) + 25
t →∞
= 25
∴ The temperature of the cup of milk after a very long time is 25°C. 1A
(1)
6C_C0125
An aircraft is at rest on a runway, and then accelerates constantly along the runway until it reaches a
take-off velocity of 390 m/s after 15 seconds.
(a) Find the acceleration of the aircraft.
(b) Find the displacement of the aircraft on the runway for the take-off.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) Let a m/s 2 be the acceleration of the aircraft.
390
a=
15
= 26
∴ The acceleration of the aircraft is 26 m/s 2 . 1A
(1)
(b) Let s m and v m/s be the displacement and the velocity of the aircraft on the
runway at time t (in seconds) respectively.
v = ∫ 26dt
= 26t + C1 1A
When t = 0 , v = 0.
∴ 26(0) + C1 = 0 1M
C1 = 0
∴ v = 26t
s = ∫ 26tdt
1
= 26 ⋅ t 2 + C2
2
= 13t + C2
2
When t = 0 , s = 0.
∴ 13(0) 2 + C2 = 0
C2 = 0
∴ s = 13t 2 1A
When t = 15, s = 13(15) 2
= 2 925
∴ The displacement of the aircraft on the runway for the take-off is 2 925 m. 1A
(4)
Level 2
6C_C0126
A car is travelling along a straight road at a velocity of 25 m/s. When the driver applies the brake, the
car will decelerate at 10 m / s 2 . Suppose the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the car are
s m, v m / s and a m / s 2 respectively after applying the brake for t seconds.
(a) Express s in terms of t.
(b) If an object is 30 m in front of the car and the driver applies the brake, will the car crash into the
object? Explain your answer.
(c) If the car keeps a distance of 20 m from the back of a van ahead, what should be the maximum
velocity of the car to avoid a crash when the van suddenly stops?
(9 marks)
Solution:
(a) a = −10
v = ∫ ( −10) dt
= −10t + C1 1A
When t = 0 , v = 25.
∴ −10(0) + C1 = 25 1M
C1 = 25
∴ v = −10t + 25
s = ∫ ( −10t + 25) dt
1
= −10 ⋅ t 2 + 25t + C2
2
= −5t + 25t + C2
2
When t = 0 , s = 0.
∴ −5(0) 2 + 25(0) + C2 = 0
C2 = 0
∴ s = −5t + 25t
2
1A
(3)
(b) When v = 0, −10t + 25 = 0 1M
t = 2. 5
When t = 2.5 , s = −5(2.5) 2 + 25(2.5)
= 31.25
> 30
∴ The car will crash into the object. 1A
(2)
(c) Let k m / s be the maximum velocity of the car.

When t = 0 , v = k .
∴ v = −10t + k
s = ∫ ( −10t + k ) dt
= −5t 2 + kt + C3
When t = 0 , s = 0.
∴ −5(0)2 + k (0) + C3 = 0
C3 = 0
∴ s = −5t 2 + kt 1A
k
When v = 0 , t = and s = 20.
10
2
k   k 
∴ −5   + k   = 20 1M + 1A
 10   10 
k2
= 20
20
k 2 = 400
k = 20 or − 20 (rejected)
∴ The maximum velocity of the car is 20 m/s. 1A
(4)
6C_C0127
d2y 3
At any point (x, y) on a curve, 2
= − 6 . Find the equation of the curve if the slope of the curve at
dx x
(1, −1) is 2.
(3 marks)
Solution:
d2y 3
∵ 2
= −6
dx x
dy  3 
∴ = ∫ − 6  dx
dx  x 
1
−
= ∫ (3 x 2
− 6)dx
1
= 6 x 2 − 6 x + C1 1A
dy
When x = 1, = 2.
dx
1
∴ 6(1) 2 − 6(1) + C1 = 2 1M
C1 = 2
1
dy
∴ = 6x 2 − 6x + 2
dx
1
y = ∫ (6 x 2 − 6 x + 2)dx
3
= 4 x 2 − 3 x 2 + 2 x + C2
When x = 1, y = −1.
3
∴ 4(1) 2 − 3(1) 2 + 2(1) + C2 = −1
C 2 = −4
3
∴ The equation of the curve is y = 4 x 2 − 3 x 2 + 2 x − 4 . 1A
(3)
6C_C0128
d2y
= (2 x + 1) 2 + 3. If the equation of the tangent to the curve at the
dx
point (1, 1) is 5 x − 2 y − 3 = 0 , find the equation of the curve.
(3 marks)
Solution:
d2y
∵ 2
= (2 x + 1)2 + 3
dx
dy
dx ∫
∴ = [(2 x + 1) 2 + 3]dx
1
= ∫ (2 x + 1)2 d (2 x + 1) + 3∫ dx
2
1
= (2 x + 1)3 + 3 x + C1 1A
6
5
∵ Slope of the tangent at (1, 1) =
2
dy 5
∴ =
dx x =1 2
1 5
[2(1) + 1]3 + 3(1) + C1 = 1M
6 2
C1 = −5
dy 1
∴ = (2 x + 1)3 + 3 x − 5
dx 6
1 
y = ∫  (2 x + 1)3 + 3 x − 5 dx
6 
1
= ∫ (2 x + 1)3 d (2 x + 1) + ∫ (3 x − 5)dx
12
1 3
= (2 x + 1) 4 + x 2 − 5 x + C2
48 2
When x = 1 , y = 1.
1 3
∴ [2(1) + 1]4 + (1) 2 − 5(1) + C2 = 1
48 2
45
C2 =
16
1 3 45
∴ The equation of the curve is y = (2 x + 1) 4 + x 2 − 5 x + . 1A
48 2 16
(3)
6C_C0129
4
d2y −
At any point (x, y) on a curve, = (3 x − 2) 3
. Find the equation of the curve if it passes through the
dx 2
 3
points 1, −  and (22, 5).
 2
(3 marks)
Solution:
4
d2y −
∵ = (3 x − 2) 3
dx 2
4
dy −
∴ = ∫ (3 x − 2) 3 dx
dx
4
1 −
= ∫ (3 x − 2) 3 d (3 x − 2)
3
1
−
= −(3 x − 2) 3 + C1
1
−
∴ y = ∫ [−(3 x − 2) 3 + C1 ]dx
1
−
= − ∫ (3 x − 2) dx + ∫ C1dx
3
1
1 −
= − ∫ (3 x − 2) 3 d (3 x − 2) + ∫ C1dx
3
2
1
= − (3 x − 2) 3 + C1 x + C2 1A
2
3
When x = 1, y = − .
2
2
1 3
∴ − [3(1) − 2] 3 + C1 (1) + C2 = −
2 2
C1 + C2 = −1............................. (1)
1M
When x = 22 , y = 5.
2
1
∴ − [3(22) − 2] 3
+ C1 (22) + C2 = 5
2
22C1 + C2 = 13 ........................ (2)
(2) − (1): 21C1 = 14
2
C1 =
3
2
Substitute C1 = into (1),
3
2
+ C 2 = −1
3
5
C2 = −
3
2
1 2 5
∴ The equation of the curve is y = − (3 x − 2) 3 + x − . 1A
2 3 3
(3)
6C_C0130
d 2 y 5 − 12 ( x −1)  1
= e + 3x . If 1,  is the minimum point of the curve, find
dx 8  2
the equation of the curve.
(3 marks)
Solution:
d 2 y 5 − 12 ( x −1)
∵ = e + 3x
dx 2 8
dy  5 − 1 ( x −1) 
∴ = ∫ e 2 + 3 x  dx
dx 8 
5 − 1 ( x −1)
= ∫ e 2 d ( x − 1) + 3∫ xdx
8
5 1 − 12 ( x −1) x2
= ⋅ e + 3 ⋅ + C1
8 −1 2
2
5 12 ( x −1) 3 2
−
=− e + x + C1 1A
4 2
 1
∵ 1,  is the minimum point of the curve.
 2
∴ dy
=0
dx x =1
5 − 1 (1−1) 3 2
− e 2 + (1) + C1 = 0 1M
4 2
1
C1 = −
4
dy 5 − 1 ( x −1) 3 2 1
∴ =− e 2 + x −
dx 4 2 4
 5 − 1 ( x −1) 3 2 1 
y = ∫ − e 2 + x −  dx
 4 2 4
5 − 12 ( x −1) 3 1
=−
4 ∫ e d ( x − 1) + ∫  x 2 −  dx
2 4
5 1 − 12 ( x −1) 3 x 3 1
=− ⋅ e + ⋅ − x + C2
4 −1 2 3 4
2
5 − 1 ( x −1) 1 3 1
= e 2 + x − x + C2
2 2 4
1
When x = 1, y = .
2
5 − 12 (1−1) 1 3 1 1
∴ e + (1) − (1) + C2 =
2 2 4 2
9
C2 = −
4
5 − 12 ( x −1) 1 3 1 9
∴ The equation of the curve is y = e + x − x− . 1A
2 2 4 4
(3)
6C_C0131
d2y dy dy
= kx 2 + 3 x , where k is a constant and = . It is given
dx dx x =2 dx x =−4
that the curve passes through the points (−2, 5) and (4, 20).
(a) Find the value of k.

(b) Find the equation of the curve.
(6 marks)
Solution:
d2y
(a) ∵ 2
= kx 2 + 3x
dx
dy
∴ = ∫ (kx 2 + 3 x)dx
dx
k 3
= x 3 + x 2 + C1 1A
3 2
dy dy
∵ =
dx x =2 dx x =−4
k 3 3 2 k 3
∴ (2) + (2) + C1 = (−4)3 + (−4) 2 + C1 1M
3 2 3 2
8k 64k
+6= − + 24
3 3
24k = 18
3
k= 1A
4
(3)
dy 1 3 3 2
(b) ∵ = x + x + C1
dx 4 2
1 3 
∴ y = ∫  x 3 + x 2 + C1  dx
4 2 
1 1
= x 4 + x 3 + C1 x + C2 1A
16 2
When x = −2, y = 5.
1 1
∴ (−2) 4 + (−2)3 + C1 (−2) + C2 = 5
16 2
−2C1 + C2 = 8 ....................... (1)
1M
When x = 4, y = 20.
1 1
∴ (4)4 + (4)3 + C1 (4) + C2 = 20
16 2
4C1 + C2 = −28 ......................... (2)
(2) − (1): 6C1 = −36
C1 = −6
Substitute C1 = −6 into (1),
−2(−6) + C2 = 8
C2 = −4
1 4 1 3
∴ The equation of the curve is y = x + x − 6 x − 4. 1A
16 2
(3)
6C_C0132
d2y 1
= e −2 x +3 . If the curve touches the x-axis at x = , find the equation
dx 2
of the curve.
(3 marks)
Solution:
d2y
∵ 2
= e −2 x +3
dx
dy
∴ = ∫ e −2 x +3 dx
dx
 1 
= ∫  − e −2 x +3  d (−2 x + 3)
 2 
1
= − ∫ e −2 x + 3 d (−2 x + 3)
2
1
= − e−2 x +3 + C1 1A
2
1
∵ The curve touches the x-axis at x = .
2
dy
∴ =0
dx x=
1
2
1
1 − 2  + 3
− e  2  + C1 = 0 1M
2
1
C1 = e 2
2
dy 1 1
∴ = − e −2 x + 3 + e 2
dx 2 2
 1 1 
y = ∫  − e −2 x +3 + e 2  dx
 2 2 
1 1
= − ∫ e −2 x +3 dx + e 2 ∫ dx
2 2
1 1  1
= −  − e −2 x +3  + e2 x + C2
2 2  2
1 1
= e −2 x + 3 + e 2 x + C2
4 2
1
When x = , y = 0 .
2
1
1 −2 2  +3 1 2  1 
∴ e + e   + C2 = 0
4 2 2
1
C2 = − e 2
2
1 −2 x +3 1 2 1
∴ The equation of the curve is y = e + e x − e2 . 1A
4 2 2
(3)
6C_C0133
dy
The slope of the tangent to a curve at any point (x, y) is given by = 4 x + 3. A(2, k) is a point on the
dx
curve. If the curve does not cut the x-axis, find the range of values of k.
(4 marks)
Solution:
dy
∵ = 4x + 3
dx
∴ y = ∫ (4 x + 3)dx
= 2 x 2 + 3x + C 1A
When x = 2, y = k .
∴ 2(2) 2 + 3(2) + C = k 1M
C = k − 14
∴ y = 2 x 2 + 3 x + k − 14
∵ The curve does not cut the x-axis.
∴ ∆<0 1M
32 − 4(2)(k − 14) < 0
121
k> 1A
8
(4)
6C_C0134
A researcher finds that the rate of change of the number of butterflies in a forest can be modelled by
dN 30
= t t
, where N (in thousand) is the number of butterflies in the forest and t (≥ 0) is the
dt −
(e 6 + e 12 ) 3
number of years elapsed since the start of the research. It is known that there were 30 000 butterflies
initially.
t
dN 30e 4
(a) (i) Prove that = t
.
dt
(e 4 + 1) 3
(ii) Express N in terms of t.

(b) Is it possible to have 50 000 butterflies in the forest after a very long time? Explain your answer.
(6 marks)
Solution:
dN 30
(a) (i) = t t
dt −
(e + e 12 )3
6
30
= 3
 6t 1 
e + t 
 
 e12 
30
= 3
 4t 
 e +1
 t 
 e12 
t
30e 4
= t
1
(e + 1)
4 3
t
dN 30e 4
(ii) ∵ = t
dt
(e 4 + 1) 3
t
30e 4
∴ N =∫ t
dt
(e + 1)
4 3
t t t
du 1 4 1
Let u = e 4 + 1, then = e , i.e. du = e 4 dt . 1M
dt 4 4
t
30e 4
N =∫ t
dt
(e + 1)
4 3
120 1 t
=∫ t
⋅ e 4 dt
4
(e + 1)3
4
120
= ∫ 3 du
u
60
= − 2 +C
u
60
=− t +C 1A
(e + 1)
4 2
When t = 0, N = 30.
60
∴ − 0 + C = 30 1M
(e + 1)
4 2
C = 45
60
∴ N = 45 − t 1A
(e 4 + 1) 2
(5)
 60 
(b) lim  45 − t  = 45 − 0 = 45 < 50
t →∞
 (e + 1) 
4 2
∴ It is impossible to have more than 50 000 butterflies in the forest after

a very long time. 1A
(1)
6C_C0135
dh e 0.1t
The rate of change of the height h (in cm) of a plant after t days can be modelled by = .
dt 3 e 0.1t + 7
It is known that the initial height of the plant is 10 cm.
(a) Express h in terms of t.
(b) After how many days will the height of the plant exceed 25 cm?
(c) Find the percentage increase of the height of the plant from t = 5 to t = 10.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
(7 marks)
Solution:
dh e 0.1t
(a) ∵ =
dt 3 e 0.1t + 7
e0.1t
∴ h=∫ dt
3
e0.1t + 7
Let u = e0.1t + 7 ,
du
then = 0.1e0.1t , i.e. du = 0.1e 0.1t dt . 1M
dt
e0.1t
h=∫ dt
3
e0.1t + 7
1
−
= ∫ 10(e0.1t + 7) 3
⋅ 0.1e0.1t dt
1
−
= 10 ∫ u du 3
3 2
= 10 ⋅ u 3 + C
2
2
= 15(e0.1t + 7) 3 + C 1A
When t = 0, h = 10 .
2
∴ 15[e0.1(0) + 7] 3 + C = 10 1M
C = −50
2
∴ h = 15(e 0.1t
+ 7) − 50 3
1A
(4)
(b) When h = 25,
2
15(e0.1t + 7) 3 − 50 = 25 1M
2
(e0.1t + 7) 3 = 5
3
e0.1t = 5 2 − 7
3
t = 10 ln(5 2 − 7)
= 14.3 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
∴ After 14.3 days, the height of the plant will exceed 25 cm. 1A
(2)
(c) When t = 5 ,
2
h = 15[e + 7] − 50
0.1(5) 3
= 13.201 (cor. to 5 sig. fig.)
When t = 10 ,
2
h = 15[e0.1(10) + 7] 3 − 50
= 18.310 (cor. to 5 sig. fig.)
18.310 − 13.201
∴ Required percentage increase ≈ × 100%
13.201
= 38.7% (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) 1A
(1)
6C_C0136
The rate of increase of the volume V (in suitable units) of rubbish delivering from a city to a landfill
dV
after t years can be modelled by = k (V − 30) , where V > 30 and k is a constant. It is given that the
dt
current volume of rubbish in the landfill is 45 units, and it will increase by 1.5 units after 1 year.
(a) Express V in terms of k and t.
[ Hint: Rewrite dV = k (V − 30) as 1 ⋅ dV = k . ]
dt V − 30 dt
(b) Find the value of k.

(c) The government estimates that the landfill can only hold rubbish of 100 units. When will the
landfill reach its full capacity? (Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
(8 marks)
Solution:
dV
(a) = k (V − 30)
dt
1 dV
⋅ =k
V − 30 dt
 1 dV 
∫  V − 30 ⋅ dt  dt = ∫ k dt 1M
1
∫ V − 30 dV = ∫ k dt
1
∫ V − 30 d (V − 30) = ∫ k dt
ln(V − 30) = kt + C
V − 30 = e kt + C
V − 30 = eC ekt
V = 30 + eC e kt 1A
When t = 0 , V = 45.
∴ 30 + eC e k ( 0) = 45 1M
e = 15
C
∴ V = 30 + 15e kt 1A
(4)
(b) When t = 1,
V = 45 + 1.5
= 46.5
∴ 30 + 15e k (1) = 46.5 1M
15e = 16.5
k
11
ek =
10
11
k = ln 1A
10
(2)
(c) When V = 100,
 11 
 ln t
30 + 15e 10 
= 100 1M
 11 
 ln t 14
e  10 
=
3
14
ln
t= 3
11
ln
10
= 16.2 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
∴ The landfill will reach its full capacity after 16.2 years. 1A
(2)
6C_C0137
A patient suffers from lung cancer. The volume of a tumour V (in cm 3 ) can be modelled by
1
V = 10 − (1 + 5at +b ) 2 ,
4
where a and b are constants and t is the number of weeks elapsed since the tumour has been detected.
(a) Express ln[ 4(10 − V ) − 1] as a linear function of t.

(b) It is given that the graph of the linear function obtained in (a) passes through the point (1, − ln 5)
and the intercept on the vertical axis of the graph is ln 5.
(i) Find the values of a and b.
dV
(ii) Find and show that V is increasing for t ≥ 0.
dt
(c) After 2 weeks, the patient starts has to take some treatments, and the volume of the tumour will be
decreasing at a rate of
dV
= −s s2 + 2 ,
ds
where s (≥ 0) is the number of months elapsed since the treatment is taken. After how many
months of the treatment will the volume of the tumour of the patient decrease to 1 cm 3 ? (Give
your answer correct to 1 decimal place.)
(12 marks)
Solution:
1
(a) V = 10 − (1 + 5at +b ) 2
4
1
10 − V = (1 + 5at +b ) 2
4
4(10 − V ) − 1 = 5at + b 1M
ln[ 4(10 − V ) − 1] = (at + b) ln 5
ln[ 4(10 − V ) − 1] = (a ln 5)t + b ln 5 1A
(2)
(b) (i) b ln 5 = Intercept on the vertical axis of the graph
= ln 5
∴ b =1 1A
∵ The graph passes through (1, − ln 5) .
∴ − ln 5 = (a ln 5)(1) + ln 5
a = −2 1A
1
(ii) From (b)(i), V = 10 − (1 + 5−2t +1 ) 2
4
dV 1
= − [2(1 + 5−2t +1 )](5−2t +1 )(ln 5)(−2) 1M
dt 4
−2 t +1
=5 (1 + 5−2t +1 ) ln 5 1A
∵ 5−2 t +1 > 0 and 1 + 5−2t +1 > 0 for t ≥ 0

dV
∴ > 0 for t ≥ 0.
dt
∴ V is increasing for t ≥ 0. 1
(5)
dV
(c) ∵ = −s s2 + 2
ds
∴ V = ∫ (− s s 2 + 2)ds
 1 2 
= ∫− s + 2  d ( s 2 + 2) 1M
 2 
3
1 2
= − ⋅ ( s 2 + 2) 2 + C
2 3
3
1
= − ( s 2 + 2) 2 + C 1A
3
When s = 0 , t = 2 .
When t = 2 ,
1
V = 10 − [1 + 5−2(2) +1 ]2
4
2
1  126 
= 10 −  
4  125 
3 2
1 2 1  126 
∴ − (0 + 2) 2 + C = 10 −   1M
3 4  125 
2
1  126  1 32
C = 10 −   + (2)
4  125  3
3 2
1 1  126  1 32
∴ V = − ( s 2 + 2) 2 + 10 −   + (2) 1A
3 4  125  3
When V = 1,
3 2
1 1  126  1 32
− ( s 2 + 2) 2 + 10 −   + (2) = 1
3 4  125  3
s = 2.7 (cor. to 1 d.p.)
or − 2.7 (cor. to 1 d.p.) (rejected)
∴ The required number of months is 2.7. 1A
(5)
6C_C0138
The rate of change of the number of subscribers N (t ) to a pay TV-programme package is modelled
at − 3 000
by N '(t ) = , where t (≥ 0) is the number of days elapsed since the launch of the
(t − 15)2 + b
TV-programme package, a and b are positive constants. It is known that the decrease of the number of
subscribers from t = 8 to t = 9 was 10, and the number of subscribers decreased to the least value of
200 at t = 15. When t = T , the number of subscribers increased back to the same number on the day
when the TV-programme package was launched.
(a) Find the value of a.
(b) Find the value of T.
(c) Find the value of b. (Give your answer correct to the nearest integer.)
(d) Using the value of b obtained in (c), express N (t ) in terms of t.
(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ N '(15) = 0
a (15) − 3 000
∴ =0 1M
(15 − 15) 2 + b
15a − 3 000 = 0
a = 200 1A
(2)
200t − 3 000
(b) ∵ N '(t ) =
(t − 15) 2 + b
200t − 3 000
∴ N (t ) = ∫ dt
(t − 15) 2 + b
Let u = (t − 15) 2 + b ,
du
then = 2(t − 15), i.e. du = 2(t − 15)dt . 1M
dt
200t − 3 000
N (t ) = ∫ dt
(t − 15)2 + b
1 200
=∫ ⋅ ⋅ 2(t − 15)dt
2 (t − 15) 2 + b
1
= 100 ∫ du
u
= 100 ln u + C
= 100 ln[(t − 15) 2 + b] + C 1A
∵ N (T ) = N (0)
∴ 100 ln[(T − 15) 2 + b] + C = 100 ln[(0 − 15) 2 + b] + C 1M
(T − 15) = 225
2
T 2 − 30T = 0
T (T − 30) = 0
T = 0 (rejected) or T = 30 1A
(4)
(c) ∵ N (8) − N (9) = 10
∴ 100 ln[(8 − 15) 2 + b] + C − {100 ln[(9 − 15) 2 + b] + C} = 10 1M
49 + b
100ln = 10
36 + b
49 + b
= e0.1
36 + b
49 + b = 36e0.1 + e0.1b
49 − 36e0.1
b=
e0.1 − 1
= 88 1A
(cor. to the nearest integer)
(2)
(d) By (c), N (t ) = 100 ln[(t − 15) 2 + 88] + C
∵ N (15) = 200
∴ 100 ln[(15 − 15)2 + 88] + C = 200 1M
C = 200 − 100 ln 88
∴ N (t ) = 100ln[(t − 15) 2 + 88] + 200 − 100ln 88 1A
(2)
6C_C0139
The acceleration a m/s 2 of a car after t seconds since the start of the movement can be modelled by
k (25 − t )e−0.04t
a= (0 ≤ t ≤ 60), where k is a constant. Let v m/s be the velocity of the car after t seconds
8 + 3te−0.04t
since the start of the movement. It is given that when t = 0 , v = 0 and a = 15.
24
(a) Prove that k = .
5
(b) Using integration by substitution, express v in terms of t.
(c) Can the velocity of the car exceed 60 m/s in the first minute after the start of the movement?
Explain your answer.
(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) When t = 0 , a = 15 .
k (25 − 0)e −0.04(0)
∴ 15 = 1M
8 + 3(0)e−0.04(0)
25k
15 =
8
24
k= 1
5
(2)
−0.04 t
(b) Let u = 8 + 3te ,
du
then = 3[t (−0.04e −0.04 t ) + (e−0.04t )(1)] 1M
dt
= 3e −0.04t (1 − 0.04t )
= 0.12e−0.04t (25 − t )
i.e. du = 0.12e −0.04t (25 − t ) dt .
24 (25 − t )e−0.04t
5 ∫ 8 + 3te −0.04t
v= dt
24 1 1
= ∫ ⋅
5 0.12 8 + 3te − 0.04t
⋅ 0.12e −0.04 t (25 − t )dt
1
= 40 ∫ du 1M
u
= 40 ln u + C
= 40 ln(8 + 3te −0.04 t ) + C 1A
When t = 0 , v = 0 .
∴ 40 ln[8 + 3(0)e−0.04(0) ] + C = 0 1M
C = −40 ln 8
−0.04 t
∴ v = 40 ln(8 + 3te ) − 40 ln 8
 3te−0.04t 
v = 40 ln 1 +  1A
 8 
(5)
dv
(c) When = 0, t = 25.
dt
t 0 < t < 25 t = 25 25 < t < 60
dv 1M
+ 0 −
dt
When t = 25, v attains its greatest value. 1A
−0.04(25)
 3(25)e 
∴ Greatest value of v = 40 ln 1 + 
 8 
= 59.7 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
< 60
∴ The velocity of the car can never exceed 60 m/s in the first minute
after the start of the movement. 1A
(3)
6C_C0140
A small stone is thrown onto a straight road. The acceleration a (in m/s 2 ) of the stone rolling along the
t
straight road after t seconds is given by a = 3(et − 3e 2 ) , where 0 ≤ t ≤ 3. Let s m and v m/s be the
displacement of the stone and its velocity after t seconds respectively. It is given that the initial
displacement and velocity of the stone are 0 m and 9 m/s respectively.
(a) Express s in terms of t.
(b) Find the maximum velocity of the stone.
(c) Find the maximum displacement of the stone.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
(9 marks)
Solution:
t
(a) v = ∫ 3(e − 3e 2 )dt

t
t
= ∫ (3et − 9e 2 )dt
t
= 3e − 18e + C1
t 2 1A
When t = 0, v = 9 .
0
∴ 9 = 3e0 − 18e 2 + C1 1M
C1 = 24
t
∴ v = 3e − 18e + 24t 2
t
s = ∫ (3et − 18e 2 + 24)dt
t
= 3et − 36e 2 + 24t + C2
When t = 0, s = 0 .
0
∴ 0 = 3e − 36e + 24(0) + C2
0 2
C2 = 33
t
∴ s = 3e − 36e + 24t + 33
t 2
1A
(3)
(b) When a = 0 ,
t
3(e − 3e ) = 0
t 2
1M
t t
e (e − 3) = 0
2 2
t
e2 = 3 or 0 (rejected)
t = 2ln 3
t 0 < t < 2ln 3 t = 2ln 3 2ln 3 < t < 3
1M
a − 0 +
When t = 0 , v = 9 .
3
When t = 3 , v = 3e3 − 18e 2 + 24 = 3.59 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
∴ The maximum velocity of the stone is 9 m/s. 1A
(3)
(c) When v = 0 ,
t
3et − 18e 2 + 24 = 0 1M
t
e t − 6e 2 + 8 = 0
t t
(e 2 − 2)(e 2 − 4) = 0
t t
e =2 2
or e = 4 2
t = 2ln 2 or t = 2ln 4
= 2ln 2 or = 4ln 2
t 0 < t < 2ln 2 t = 2ln 2 2ln 2 < t < 4ln 2 t = 4ln 2 4ln 2 < t < 3
1M
v + 0 − 0 +
When t = 2 ln 2,
2ln 2
s = 3e 2ln 2 − 36e 2 + 24(2 ln 2) + 33
= 6.27 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
When t = 3 ,
3
s = 3e3 − 36e 2 + 24(3) + 33
= 3.92 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
∴ The maximum displacement of the stone is 6.27 m. 1A

(3)
6C_C0141
After a special treatment, the rate of change of the number of harmful bacteria in a pond can be
dN 3 000(t − 2)
modelled by =− 2 (0 ≤ t ≤ 14) , where N is the number of harmful bacteria per mL of
dt t − 4t + 10
water after having the special treatment for t days. Initially (i.e. t = 0), there are 5 000 harmful bacteria
per mL of water.
du
(a) (i) Let u = t 2 − 4t + 10 . Find .
dt
(ii) Prove that t 2 − 4t + 10 > 0 for all t.
(iii) Express N in terms of t.
(b) How long will it take for the number of harmful bacteria per mL of water to be the same as the
initial number after the special treatment?
(c) Find the maximum number of harmful bacteria per mL of water after the special treatment. (Give
your answer correct to the nearest integer.)
(11 marks)
Solution:
(a) (i) u = t 2 − 4t + 10
du
= 2t − 4 1A
dt
(ii) For all t,
t 2 − 4t + 10 = (t 2 − 4t + 4) + 6
= (t − 2)2 + 6
≥6
>0 1
3 000(t − 2)
(iii) N = − ∫ 2 dt
t − 4t + 10
1 500
= −∫ 2 ⋅ (2t − 4)dt
t − 4t + 10
1 500
= −∫ du [From (a)(i)] 1M
u
= −1 500 ln u + C
= −1 500 ln(t 2 − 4t + 10) + C 1A
When t = 0 , N = 5 000 .
∴ −1 500 ln[02 − 4(0) + 10] + C = 5 000 1M
C = 5 000 + 1 500 ln10
∴ N = 5 000 + 1 500 ln10 − 1 500 ln(t 2 − 4t + 10)
10
N = 5 000 + 1 500 ln 1A
t − 4t + 10
2
(6)
(b) When N = 5 000 ,
10
5 000 + 1 500 ln = 5 000 1M
t − 4t + 10
2
10
=1
t − 4t + 10
2
t 2 − 4t + 10 = 10
t 2 − 4t = 0
t (t − 4) = 0
t = 4 or 0 (rejected)
∴ It will take 4 days for the number of harmful bacterial per mL of water
to be the same as the initial number after the special treatment. 1A
(2)
dN
(c) When = 0 , t = 2.
dt
t 0<t <2 t=2 2 < t < 14
dN 1M
+ 0 −
dt
When t = 2 , N attains its greatest value. 1A
10
∴ Greatest value of N = 5 000 + 1 500 ln
2 − 4(2) + 10
2
= 5 766 (cor. to the nearest integer)

∴ The maximum number of harmful bacterial per mL of water is 5 766 after
the special treatment. 1A
(3)
Level 3
6C_C0142
dy
The slope of the tangent to a curve C at any point (x, y) is given by = ( x − 2)198 (600 x + 193) . If C
dx
passes through (1, 3), find the equation of C.
(4 marks)
Solution:
dy
∵ = ( x − 2)198 (600 x + 193)
dx
∴ y = ∫ ( x − 2)198 (600 x + 193)dx
du
Let u = x − 2 , then = 1, i.e. du = dx . 1M
dx
y = ∫ ( x − 2)198 (600 x + 193)dx
= ∫ u198 [600(u + 2) + 193]du
= ∫ (600u199 + 1 393u198 )du

= 3u 200 + 7u199 + C1
= 3( x − 2) 200 + 7( x − 2)199 + C1
= [3( x − 2) + 7]( x − 2)199 + C1
= (3 x + 1)( x − 2)199 + C1 1A
When x = 1, y = 3.
∴ [3(1) + 1](1 − 2)199 + C1 = 3 1M
4(−1) 199
+ C1 = 3
C1 = 7
∴ The equation of C is y = (3x + 1)( x − 2)199 + 7 . 1A
(4)
6C_C0143
dy
The slope of the tangent to a curve C at any point (x, y) is given by = 3 x 2 − 4 x − 5 and the straight
dx
line y = − x − 1 is the tangent to the curve at point A.
(a) Find the possible coordinates of A.
(b) Given that the y-intercept of C is greater than 0,
(i) find the equation of C,
(ii) find the other point of intersection of the tangent and C.
(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) Let ( x1 , y1 ) be the coordinates of A.
∵ Slope of the tangent at A = −1
dy
∴ = −1
dx x = x1
3 x12 − 4 x1 − 5 = −1 1M
3 x12 − 4 x1 − 4 = 0
(3 x1 + 2)( x1 − 2) = 0
2
x1 = − or 2
3
2
When x1 = − ,
3
 2 
y1 = −  −  − 1
 3
1
=−
3
When x1 = 2,
y1 = −2 − 1
= −3
 2 1
∴ The possible coordinates of A are  − , −  and (2, −3). 1A + 1A
 3 3
(3)
dy
(b) (i) ∵ = 3x 2 − 4 x − 5
dx
∴ y = ∫ (3 x 2 − 4 x − 5)dx
= x3 − 2 x 2 − 5 x + C1 1A
 2 1
If the coordinates of A are  − , −  ,
 3 3
 2 1
then C passes through the point  − , −  .
 3 3
3 2
1  2  2  2
∴ − =  −  − 2  −  − 5  −  + C1 1M
3  3  3  3
67
C1 = −
27
When x = 0,
67
y = 03 − 2(0) 2 − 5(0) −
27 1M
67
=−
27
<0
 2 1
∴ The coordinates of A are not  − , −  .
 3 3
If the coordinates of A are (2, −3), then C passes through the point (2, −3).
∴ −3 = 23 − 2(2) 2 − 5(2) + C1
C1 = 7
When x = 0,
y = 03 − 2(0) 2 − 5(0) + 7
=7
>0
∴ The coordinates of A are (2, −3). 1A
∴ The equation of C is y = x − 2 x − 5 x + 7 .3 2
1A
 y = − x − 1 .......................... (1)
(ii) 
 y = x − 2 x − 5 x + 7 ........ (2)
3 2

− x − 1 = x3 − 2 x 2 − 5 x + 7 1M
x3 − 2 x 2 − 4 x + 8 = 0
( x − 2)( x 2 − 4) = 0
( x + 2)( x − 2) 2 = 0
x = −2 or 2 (rejected)
Substitute x = −2 into (1),
y = −(−2) − 1
=1
∴ The other point of intersection is (−2, 1). 1A
(7)
6C_C0144
d
(a) Express [ x ln( x + 5)] in the form of f ( x) + g ( x)ln( x + 5) , where x > 0 , f (x) and g (x) are
dx
rational functions.
(b) A shop launches a Christmas sales. The rate of change of the sales volume of a soft toy (in
dS
hundred pieces per week) in the shop can be modelled by = ln( x + 5) , where x(> 0) is the
dx
number of weeks elapsed since the start of the Christmas sales. It is known that the sales volume
of the soft toy is 7.5 hundred pieces at the start of the Christmas sales. Find S in terms of x.
(7 marks)
Solution:
1
1 −2
x
d
(a) [ x ln( x + 5)] = x ⋅ 2 + ln( x + 5) 1M
dx x +5
x
= + ln( x + 5) 1A
2( x + 5)
(2)
dS
(b) ∵ = ln( x + 5)
dx
∴ S = ∫ ln( x + 5)dx
x
= x ln( x + 5) − ∫ dx 1M
2( x + 5)
x
Consider ∫ 2( x + 5)
dx .
du 1 − 12 1 − 12
Let u = x + 5, then = x , i.e. du = x dx . 1M
dx 2 2
x x 1 − 12
∫ 2( x + 5) ∫ x + 5 2 x dx
dx = ⋅
(u − 5) 2
=∫ du
u
 25 
= ∫  u − 10 +  du
 u 
1
= u 2 − 10u + 25 ln u + C
2
1
= ( x + 5) 2 − 10( x + 5) + 25 ln( x + 5) + C 1A
2
1 
∴ S = x ln( x + 5) −  ( x + 5) 2 − 10( x + 5) + 25ln( x + 5) + C 
2 
When x = 0, S = 7.5 .
1 
∴ 7.5 = 0 −  ( 0 + 5) 2 − 10( 0 + 5) + 25 ln( 0 + 5) + C  1M
2 
C = 30 − 25ln 5
1 
∴ S = x ln( x + 5) −  ( x + 5)2 − 10( x + 5) + 25ln( x + 5) + 30 − 25ln 5
2 
1 15
= ( x − 25) ln( x + 5) − x + 5 x + + 25ln 5 1A
2 2
(5)
6C_C0145
The rate of change of energy consumed C(x) (in %) by the smartphone of Helen can be modelled by
3
− (0.01 x +1)
C '( x) = e n+1 after it runs n applications at the same time for x minutes, where 0 < x ≤ 120 . When
x > 120 , the rate will become constant. Initially, the smartphone has been fully charged and started
running 4 applications. After 40 minutes, Helen switches on one more application. Suppose E(t) (in %)
is the energy remained in the smartphone after t minutes.
(a) Find E(t ) for 0 ≤ t < 40 .
(b) Find E(40).
(c) Find E(t ) for 40 < t ≤ 160 .
(d) Helen claims that her smartphone can operate for more than 4 hours. Do you agree? Explain your
answer.
(13 marks)
Solution:
(a) For 0 ≤ t < 40 , n = 4 .
3
− (0.01t +1)
C '(t ) = e 5
3
− (0.01t +1)
∴ E (t ) = ∫ [−e 5
]dt 1M
3 3
− t−
= −∫ e 500 5
dt
 500 − 500 3
t−  
3
3 3
= −∫  − e 5
d − t− 
 3   500 5 
3 3
500 − 500 t − 5
= e + C1 1A
3
∵ E (0) = 100
3 3
∴ 500 − 500 (0) −
e 5
+ C1 = 100 1M
3
500 − 35
C1 = 100 − e
3
3 3
500 − 500 t− 500 − 53
∴ E (t ) = e 5
− e + 100 1A
3 3
(4)
3 3 3
500 500
− (40) − −
(b) E (40) = e − e + 100
500 5 5
3 3
21 3
500 − 25 500 − 5
= e − e + 100 1A
3 3
(1)
(c) For 40 < t ≤ 160 , n = 5 .

1
− [0.01( t − 40) +1]
C '(t ) = e 2
1
− [0.01( t − 40) +1]
∴ E (t ) = ∫ {−e 2
}dt 1M
1 3
− t−
= −∫ e 200 10
dt
1 3
− t−  1 3
= − ∫ (−200e 200 10
)d  − t− 
 200 10 
1 3
− t−
= 200e 200 10
+ C2 1A
21
500 − 25 500 − 53
∵ E (40) = e − e + 100
3 3
1 3 21 3
− (40) − 500 − 25 500 − 5
∴ 200e 200 10
+ C2 = e − e + 100 1M
3 3
21
500 − 25 500 − 53 −
1
C2 = e − e − 200e 2 + 100
3 3
1 3 21
− t− 500 − 25 500 − 53 −
1
∴ E (t ) = 200e 200 10
+ e − e − 200e 2 + 100 1A
3 3
(4)
1 3 21 3 1
− 500
(160) − 500 − − −
(d) E (160) = 200e 200
e −
10
+
e − 200e 25 5 2
+ 100 1M
3 3
= 25.75 (cor. to 4 sig. fig.)
1
− [0.01(160 − 40) +1]
E '(160) = −e 2
1M
= − e −1.1
= − 0.332 9 (cor. to 4 sig. fig.)
 25.75 
∴ Operating time of the smartphone ≈ 160 +  minutes 1M
 0.332 9 
= 237 minutes (cor. to the nearest minute)
< 240 minutes
∴ The claim is disagreed. 1A
(4)
6C_C0146
dQ
The rate of change of the temperature of a city can be modelled by = −1 + he− kt (0 ≤ t ≤ 10) , where t
dt
is the time in hours measured from 8:00 a.m., Q (in °C) is the temperature at time t, and h, k are
positive constants. At 8:00 a.m., the temperature was 7.2°C.
 dQ 
(a) Express ln  + 1 as a linear function of t.
 dt 
(b) It is found that the slope and the intercept on the vertical axis of the graph of the linear function in
(a) are −0.5 and 3ln2 respectively.
(i) Find the values of h and k.
(ii) Express Q in terms of t.
(iii) Find the highest temperature of the city from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (Give your answer
correct to 1 decimal place.)
(10 marks)
Solution:
dQ
(a) = −1 + he− kt
dt
dQ
+ 1 = he − kt
dt
 dQ 
ln  + 1 = ln h − kt 1A
 dt 
(1)
(b) (i) − k = Slope of the graph

= −0.5
k = 0.5 1A
ln h = Intercept on the vertical axis of the graph

= 3ln 2
h = 23
=8 1A
dQ
(ii) ∵ = −1 + 8e −0.5t
dt
∴ Q = ∫ (−1 + 8e −0.5t )dt
= −t − 16e−0.5t + C 1A
At 8:00 a.m., t = 0.
When t = 0, Q = 7.2.
∴ −0 − 16e −0.5(0) + C = 7.2 1M
C = 23.2
∴ Q = −t − 16e−0.5t + 23.2 1A
dQ
(iii) When = 0,
dt
−1 + 8e −0.5t = 0 1M
1
e −0.5t =
8
1
−0.5t = ln
8
t = 2 ln 8
t 0 < t < 2ln 8 t = 2ln 8 2ln 8 < t < 10
dQ 1M
+ 0 −
dt
When t = 2ln 8 , Q attains its greatest value. 1A
∴ Greatest value of Q = −2ln 8 − 16e−0.5(2ln 8) + 23.2
= 17.0 (cor. to 1 d.p.)
∴ The highest temperature of the city from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
was 17.0°C. 1A
(9)
6C_C0147
A researcher finds that when a patient is injected with a certain vaccine, the rate of change of the
dm k (t − 2)
amount of antibody in his bloodstream can be modelled by = 2 (0 ≤ t ≤ 180) , where k is a
dt t − 4t + 5
constant and m units is the amount of antibody in his bloodstream after t hours of the injection. Right
dm
before the injection (i.e. t = 0), m = 500 and = −160 .
dt
du
(a) (i) Let u = t 2 − 4t + 5. Find .
dt
(ii) Prove that k = 400 and hence express m in terms of t.
(b) Find the minimum amount of antibody in the bloodstream of the patient after the injection. (Give
your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
(c) The patient is protected when the amount of antibody reaches 2 000 units. After how many hours
of the injection will the patient start to be protected? (Give your answer correct to the nearest
hour.)
(d) The patient will have allergic reaction if the rate of change of the amount of antibody is
120 units/hour or above. Estimate the duration of the allergic reaction of the patient. (Give your
answer correct to the nearest 0.1 hour.)
(13 marks)
Solution:
(a) (i) u = t 2 − 4t + 5
du
= 2t − 4 1A
dt
dm
(ii) When t = 0, = −160 .
dt
k (0 − 2)
∴ = −160
0 − 4(0) + 5
2
−2 k
= −160
5
k = 400 1
dm 400(t − 2)
∴ =
dt t 2 − 4t + 5
400(t − 2)
m=∫ dt
t 2 − 4t + 5
200
=∫ 2 ⋅ (2t − 4)dt
t − 4t + 5
1
= 200 ∫ du 1M
u
= 200 ln u + C
= 200 ln(t 2 − 4t + 5) + C 1A
When t = 0, m = 500 .
∴ 200 ln[02 − 4(0) + 5] + C = 500 1M
200 ln 5 + C = 500
C = 500 − 200 ln 5
∴ m = 200 ln(t 2 − 4t + 5) + 500 − 200 ln 5
t 2 − 4t + 5
m = 200 ln + 500 1A
5
(6)
dm
(b) When = 0, t = 2 .
dt
t 0<t <2 t=2 2 < t < 180
dm 1M
− 0 +
dt
When t = 2 , m attains its least value. 1A
2 2 − 4(2) + 5
∴ Least value of m = 200 ln + 500
5
= 178 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
∴ The minimum amount of antibody in the bloodstream of the patient is
178 units after the injection. 1A
(3)
(c) When m = 2 000 ,

t 2 − 4t + 5
200 ln + 500 = 2 000 1M
5
t 2 − 4t + 5 15
ln =
5 2
t − 4t + 5
2 15
=e2
5
15
t 2 − 4t + (5 − 5e 2 ) = 0
15
−(−4) ± (−4) 2 − 4(1)(5 − 5e 2 )
∴ t=
2(1)
= 97 (cor. to the nearest integer)
or −93 (cor. to the nearest integer)(rejected)
∴ The patient will start to be protected after 97 hours of the injection. 1A
(2)
dm
(d) When ≥ 120 ,
dt
400(t − 2)
≥ 120 1M
t 2 − 4t + 5
10(t − 2) ≥ 3(t 2 − 4t + 5)
3t 2 − 22t + 35 ≤ 0
(3t − 7)(t − 5) ≤ 0
7
∴ ≤t ≤5
3
Duration of the allergic reaction
 7
=  5 −  hours
 3
= 2.7 hours (cor. to the nearest 0.1 hour) 1A
(2)

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Exercise 6A: Level 1

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 1: Calculus and Statistics Question Bank Volume 1

∫ (3x + 2)(5 x − 3)dx = ∫ (15 x + x − 6) dx

∫ (4t − 1)(5t − t )dt = ∫ (−4t 3 + 21t 2 − 5t ) dt

∫ (2e + e x )(5e3 x + 7)dx = ∫ (5e 4 x + 17e x + 14e −2 x ) dx

∫ ( t + 2e)(4 t − 3e)dt = ∫ (4t + 5et 2 − 6e )dt

= ∫ [(2e ) + C (2e ) (e ) + C (2e ) (e ) + C

= ∫ (16e + 32 + 24e + 8e + e )dx

= (ln 3)(3x ) 2 − (2 ln 3)3x + (9 x ln 9) ln(3x + 2) 1A

∫ [(2 x + 1) + 3(4 − x) ]dx = ∫ (2 x + 1) dx + 3∫ (4 − x) dx

= ∫ (u12 − 8u11 + 16u10 ) du 1M

3x2 + x − 1 3(u + 1)2 + (u + 1) − 1

Substitute (3) into (1),

Substitute (1) into (2),

Substitute x = 1 and y = y1 into 15 x − 3 y − 43 = 0,

(a) Find the equation of the tangent to C at A.

(a) Express W in terms of t.

(c) Let k m / s be the maximum velocity of the car.

(a) Find the value of k.

(ii) Express N in terms of t.

∴ It is impossible to have more than 50 000 butterflies in the forest after

= 13.201 (cor. to 5 sig. fig.)

(b) Find the value of k.

(a) Express ln[ 4(10 − V ) − 1] as a linear function of t.

∵ 5−2 t +1 > 0 and 1 + 5−2t +1 > 0 for t ≥ 0

(a) v = ∫ 3(e − 3e 2 )dt

∴ The maximum displacement of the stone is 6.27 m. 1A

(ii) For all t,

= 5 766 (cor. to the nearest integer)

= ∫ u198 [600(u + 2) + 193]du

= ∫ (600u199 + 1 393u198 )du

Substitute (1) into (2),

(c) For 40 < t ≤ 160 , n = 5 .

(b) (i) − k = Slope of the graph

ln h = Intercept on the vertical axis of the graph

(c) When m = 2 000 ,

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