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ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺱ
• ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﻭ ﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ
• ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻭل
• ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻭﻴل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺱ :
ﻗﻴﺴﻲ ﻟﻨﻔﺲ اﻟﺰاویﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮادیﺎن و ﺑﺎﻟﺪرﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ إذا آﺎن α , β
α B
. = ﻓﺈن :
180 π
ﺕﻄﺒﻴﻖ :
ﺣ ّﻮل ﺣﺴﺐ آﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺪرﺟﺎت أو إﻟﻰ اﻟﺮادیﺎﻥﺎت :
2π 4π
RAD , 120 ° , RAD , 60 ° , 45° , π RAD
5 5
اﻟﺤﻞ:
2π
× 180
180β 5 2π
=α = وﻣﻨﻪ : =B RAD * ﻟﺪیﻨﺎ :
π π 5
°
. α = 72 إذن :
ﺕﻄﺒﻴﻖ :
π π −π −π
, , π , , ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﺰوایﺎ اﻟﺘﻲ أﻗﻴﺎﺱﻬﺎ :
4 2 4 2
اﻟﺤﻞ :
M2 ﻥﻌﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﻘﻂ M 1 , M 2 , M 3 , M 4 , M5 :
M2 اﻟﺘﻲ ﻓﻮاﺹﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ :
M1 π π −π −π
M1 , , π, ,
4 2 4 2
M3
)∆( ﻥﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (A,u ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ
O A ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻴﺔ ) ( Cﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻬﺘﻴﻦ
M4 ﻓﻨﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺰاویﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ .
M4
M5
M5
) ∆(
اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ : α .ﻥﺴﻤﻰ ﻇﻞ اﻟﻌﺪد Cos α ≠ 0 ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ : α
أﻣﺜﻠﺔ :
P’ O P * Cos ( π + α ) = - Cos α
Q’ (C) * Sin ( π + α ) = - Sin α
M3
Sin ( π + α )
* tan ( π + α ) = = tan α
Cos ( π + α )
: أﻣﺜﻠﺔ
4π π π 1
1) Cos = Cos π + = - Cos = -
3 3 3 2
4π π π 3
2) Sin = Sin π + = - Sin = -
3 3 3 2
4π 3
Sin −
4π 3 π
3) tan = = 2 = 3 = tan
3 4π 1 3
Cos -
3 2
π
M4 : - α وα * ﺑﻴﻦ
2
Q’ π
−α . M 4 ﺗﺴﺎوي ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐM ﻓﺎﺹﻠﺔ
Q 2 M
α . M 4 یﺴﺎوي ﻓﺎﺹﻠﺔM ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ
O P’ P : وﻋﻠﻴﻪ
(C) π π
* Cos - α = Sin α * Sin - α = Cos α
2 2
π
Sin - α
π 2 = Cot α
* tan - α =
2 Cos π - α
2
: أﻣﺜﻠﺔ
π π π π 1
1) Cos = Cos - = Sin =
3 2 6 6 2
π π π π 3
2) Sin = Sin - = Cos =
3 2 6 6 2
π π
3 ) tan = cot = 3
3 6
π
: + αوα * ﺑﻴﻦ
2
M5
. M ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮة ﻣﻊ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐM 5 ﻓﺎﺹﻠﺔ
π Q’
+α . M ﺗﺴﺎوي ﻓﺎﺹﻠﺔM 5 ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ
Q 2 M
α
P’ O P
(C)
وﻋﻠﻴﻪ :
ﻣﺜﺎل: 2
ﺑﺎﻟﺪرﺟﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ tan α = 6.47 : α
-1ﻋﻴﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﺮادیﺎن ﺣﻴﺚ Sin α = 0.256 : α
-2ﻋﻴﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ
اﻟﺤﻞ :
(1ﻥﻀﺒﻂ أوﻻ اﻵﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ و ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﺱﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﻠﻤﺴﺔ DRGﺣﺘﻰ یﻈﻬﺮ ﻓﻲ أﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ DEGﺙﻢ ﻥﻜﺘﺐ آﻤﺎ یﻠﻲ :
6 . 47 2ndf tan 81.21391501
(2ﻥﻀﺒﻂ أوﻻ اﻵﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺮادیﺎن و ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﺱﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﻠﻤﺴﺔ DRGﺣﺘﻰ یﻈﻬﺮ ﻓﻲ أﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ RADﺙﻢ ﻥﻜﺘﺐ آﻤﺎ یﻠﻲ
:
0 . 256 2ndf Sin 0.258882033
• ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﻭ ﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ :
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 1
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 2
اﺥﺘﺮ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﻄﺎة .
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 3
ﺽﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ 9ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ و اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ × ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨﻄﺄ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ
ﻟﻜﻞ ﻋﺒﺎرة .
. 1 RAD = 1° (1
5π
. RAD = 120° ( 2
6
3π
. RAD = 135° (3
4
. = 360° 2π RAD (4
π
. RAD = 180° (5
2
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 4
ﺑﺴﻂ آﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرات :
) Cos ( x + 2004 π ; ) Sin ( 3 x + 1932 π ; ) Cos ( x + 11 π
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 5 ) Sin ( - x + 19 π ; ) Cos ( - 2x + 900 π ; ) tan ( x + 11 π
1
sin x =
4 -اﺣﺴﺐ cos xﺙﻢ tan xإذا ﻋﻠﻤﺖ أن
π
< 0<x
2
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 6
ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ - 1 .ﺑﺴﻂ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ) p ( xﺣﻴﺚ : x
9π 21π
p(x) = Cos (x + 91 π ) + Sin (x - 60 π ) + Sin x + - Cos x +
2 2
p(x)=0 -2ﺣﻞ ﻓﻲ Rاﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ :
-3ﺣﻞ ﻓﻲ Rاﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ p ( x + 2 π ) = p ( - x ) :
ﺙﻢ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺹﻮر هﺬﻩ اﻟﺤﻠﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻴﺔ
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 7
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 1
إآﻤﺎل اﻟﺠﺪول :
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 2
3π 5π
)1 RAD = 67,5 ° ; )2 = 75 ° RAD
8 12
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 3
× . 1 RAD = 1° (1
5π
× . RAD = 120° ( 2
6
3π
. 9 RAD = 135° ( 3
4
. 9 = 360° 2π RAD (4
π
× . RAD = 180° ( 5
2
: 4 ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ
: 5 ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ
: وﻋﻠﻴﻪ Sin 2 x + Cos 2 x = 1 : ﻟﺪیﻨﺎ : Cos x ﺣﺴﺎب-
2
1
cos x = 1 -
2
: وﻣﻨﻪCos 2 x = 1 – Sin 2 x
4
π 15
Cos x > 0 : ﻓﺈن 0<x< : وﺑﻤﺎ أن Cos 2 x = : إذن
2 16
15
Cos x = : إذن
4
1
Sin x
tan x = = 4 : tan x ﺣﺴﺎب-
Cos x 15
4
15 1
tan x = : وﻋﻠﻴﻪ tan x = : إذن
15 15
ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ : 6
-1ﺗﺒﺴﻴﻂ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ) : p ( x
: 7 ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ
π -π
x≠ + kπ ﻭ x≠ + kπ , k ∈ Z
4 4
( Sin 2 x ) 2 - ( Cos 2 x ) 2
p(x)= : p ( x ) ﺗﺒﺴﻴﻂ
( Sin 2 x ) - Cos 2 x
( Sin 2 x - Cos 2 x ) ( Sin 2 x + Cos 2 x )
p(x)=
Sin 2 x - Cos 2 x
p(x)=1 : وﻋﻠﻴﻪ
: 8 ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ
( )
( 2x - 1 ) 2x + 3 = 4x 2 + 2x 3 - 2x - 3 : * اﻟﺤﺴﺎب
( )
( 2x - 1 ) 2x + 3 = 4x 2 + 2 ( )
3 -1 x - 3 : وﻋﻠﻴﻪ
4Sin 2 x + 2 ( )
3 - 1 Sin x - 3 = 0 .... ( 1 ) : * ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
4y 2 + 2 ( )
3 -1 y - 3 = 0 ﺑﻮﺽﻊ Sin x = y :ﻥﺠﺪ :
M4 M1
4π 5π
. M4 , M3
3 6
: 9 ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ
( 2 ) ⇔ ( x = kπ , k ∈ Z )
Sin x - Cos x = 0
[ ( Sin x - Cos x ) ( Sin x + Cos x ) = 0 ] ⇔ أو .... ( 3 )
Sin x + Cos x = 0
Sin x = Cos x
(3) ⇔ أو : وﻣﻨﻪ
Cos x = - Sin x
( Sin x = Cos x ) ⇔ x = π + kπ
, k∈Z : ﻣﻤﺎ ﺱﺒﻖ
4
( Cos x = - Sin x ) ⇔ x = − π + kπ
, k∈Z
4
: ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا آﺎنQ ( x ) وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺗﻜﻮن
π -π
x≠kπ , x≠ + kπ , x≠ + kπ , k∈Z
4 4
: Q ( x ) ﺗﺒﺴﻴﻂ
Sin 3 x - Cos 3 x
Q(x)=
Sin 3 x - Sin x Cos 2 x
( Sin x - Cos x ) ( Sin 2 x + Sin x Cos x + Cos 2 x )
Q(x)=
Sin x ( Sin x - Cos x ) ( Sin x + Cos x )
1 + Sin x Cos x
Q(x)=
Sin x ( Sin x + Cos 2 x )
: 10 ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ
: p ( x ) ﺗﺒﺴﻴﻂ
π π
p ( x ) = Cos 3 + x + Sin 3 + x - Cos x + Sin x
2 2
p ( x ) = - Sin 3 x + Cos 3 x - Cos x + Sin x
p ( x ) = - Sin 3 x + Sin x + Cos 3 x - Cos x
p ( x ) = Sin x ( 1 - Sin 2 x ) + Cos x ( Cos 2 x - 1 )
p ( x ) = Sin x . Cos 2 x - Cos x Sin 2 x
p ( x ) = Sin x Cos x ( Cos x - Sin x )
p(x)=0 : ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
π
( Cos x = 0 ) ⇔ x = + kπ , k ∈ Z و
4
( Cos x = Sin x ) ⇔ x = π + kπ
, k∈Z و
4
: ﺣﻴﺚx إذن ﺣﻠﻮل اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ هﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷﻋﺪاد اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ
π π
R∈Z َو x= + kπ أو x= + kπ أو x = kπ
4 2
: 11 ﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ
[Cos ( π + x ) - Sin
2 2
] [
( π + x ) = 0 ⇔ Cos 2 x - Sin 2 x = 0 ...(1) ]
(1) ⇔ [( Cos x - Sin x ) ( Cos x + Sin x ) = 0 ]
Cos x - Sin x = 0
(1) ⇔
Cos x + Sin x = 0
Cos x = Sin x
(1) ⇔
Cos x = − Sin x
π
x = +kπ ; k∈Z
(1) ⇔ 4 : و ﻣﻨﻪ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻴﺔ
−π
x = + k π ; k∈Z
4
: ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذاQ(x) إذن ﺗﻜﻮن
π -π
x≠ + Rπ , x≠ + kπ , R∈Z
4 4
- 2 Cos x
Q( x ) = : ﺗﺒﻴﺎن أن-
2 Cos 2 x − 1
Cos ( π + x ) - Sin ( π + x ) + Cos ( π − x ) - Sin ( π − x )
Q( x ) =
Cos 2 ( π + x ) - Sin 2 ( π + x )
- Cos x + Sin x − Cos x - Sin x
Q( x ) =
Cos 2 x - Sin 2 x
- 2 Cos x
Q( x ) =
Cos 2 x - Sin 2 x
- 2 Cos x
Q( x ) = : وﻣﻨﻪ
2 Cos 2 x − 1
Q ( x ) = 2 : اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ [ 0 , 2π ] *ﺣﻞ ﻓﻲ
( Q ( x ) = 2 ) ⇔ - 2 Cos x
2
=2
.... ( 1 )
2 Cos x - 1
( 1 ) ⇔ ( - 2 Cos x = 4Cos 2 x - 2 )
( 1 ) ⇔ ( 4Cos 2 x + 2Cos x - 2 = 0 )
( 1 ) ⇔ ( 2 Cos 2 x + Cos x - 1 = 0 )
2Cos 2 x + Cos x – 1 = 0 : ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
2y 2 + y – 1 = 0 : ﻥﺠﺪ Cos x = y : ﺑﻮﺽﻊ
( y + 1 ) ( 2y – 1 ) : إذن
( Cos x + 1 ) ( 2Cos x – 1 ) = 0 … ( 2 ) : وﻋﻠﻴﻪ
Cos x + 1 = 0
(2)⇔ أو : إذن
2Cos x - 1 = 0
Cos x = - 1
(2)⇔ 1
Cos x =
2
( Cos x = - 1 ) ⇔ ( Cos x = Cos π ) : وﻣﻨﻪ
x = π + 2kπ , k ∈ Z
( Cos x = - 1 ) ⇔ أو
x = − π + 2kπ , k ∈ Z
( Cos x = - 1 ) ⇔ ( x = π + 2kπ
, k∈Z )
1 π
Cos x = ⇔ Cos x = Cos
2 3
π
x = + 2kπ , k ∈ Z
1 3
Cos x = ⇔ أو
2 -π
x = + 2k π , k ∈ Z
3
−π π
x= أو x = π أوx = : ﻓﺈن x ∈ [ 0 , 2π ] و ﺑﻤﺎ أن
4 3
-π π
, , π : وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ اﻟﺤﻠﻮل هﻲ
3 3
. ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻨﺪهﺎQ( x ) و هﺬﻩ اﻟﺤﻠﻮل ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ ﻷن