Stern Gerlach Experiment GG Expt

if magnetic moment
有
in
E Gaussian
unit
在 in aEtield experiences a force
1三 ⽀ 在古 未 唸 發⾳
i E Fx Fmvr Tux ⼆
路有江 百⼀ 六 年 不
⼀
太 恐
81 点 丌 r

紅 r 楍 器
momentum

但
Fg 看5
for a uniformly distributed
gj surface charge on a solid
spherical ball
Experimental results
Can be derived from
ēgzz relativistic QM

pt 9 5.58 mthdamentd
M g 3.82 particles

S GF.pt let atoms with To go through

an inhomogeneous
nnrn n
不 field
s it

㠘
keen
animator IN 1

EF 作古 屁 瓷 Mz瓷
classical

I lfy ME how
continuum between
TM
夥
⼀ Intensity
In reality QM
Spinup Sz È
spin down SEǕ
4 SG Ept
们
國營 ǛNIV

SÉĒ HD a symbol for this state

Ket vector

吸 国
ǗNÉ

㐇 Sx Ētx
 中國
啠
国匪 國
⼀
堤 豐答

Cannot determine Sz and Sx simultaneously

Sx and SE are incompatible observables

Modified SG device

owu
EE t nn

n.tn 向
ktl KZQ 1

N t. c
1 ⾯殺
了
國⼈_lztnltz

H 1 ⾯⼆ ⼈ 1 ⾯
 cannot view the beam as particles
with either HD and 比

There are interferences between

them b amplitude t phase
but not simply add abilities
my 2
Amplitude

Quantum State vector

公 complete set
⼀
SEĒ t ltz basis for a
spiny
SEE 1 particle
100
SG Exptci HD
He 1⾯0 凡
Zlt ⼆
0 GZHZ 1
inner product unit vector

CZI bra vector

 Vector space
Kftr no longer associated
Vectors with iawows
a collection of objects that look like
vectors add multiply 1 inner product

Eg The Space d all 2 xz matrix

is a vectorspacezo
One of the basis is

⼼ 品 12 1 linearly
indep
137
1 14 Eg
all other zxz matrix can be written
as
qǎ M all tbl
C 137 td 147

4 dimensional vector space