ENGLISH 9

LESSON
18
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
 Identify the difference between direct and
indirect speech.

Use direct and indirect speech appropriately

in varied contexts.
Class
Understand and follow the rules in
Objectives
converting direct speech to indirect speech
and vice versa.
Direct
Speech
Indirect
Speech
 Activity Time

Tell whether the sentence

1. Ariel said to me, "Did you
is Direct or Indirect
Speech. get home safely?"
 Activity Time

Tell whether the sentence

Joey said, "I am one in a
is Direct or Indirect
Speech. million."
 Activity Time

Tell whether the sentence

Marvin said that he joined the
is Direct or Indirect
Speech. Tiktok Dance Challenge.
 DIRECT SPEECH

The message of the speaker is conveyed or reported

in his own actual words without any change. It is also
known as QUOTED SPEECH. The exact message of
the speaker is enclosed by quotation marks "..."
 DIRECT SPEECH

EXAMPLES:
The boy said, "I ate pancakes."
The mother ordered him, "Clean the house."
"Is everything clear?" asked John.
 DIRECT SPEECH

Direct speech commonly has a

reporting clause, reporting verb,
reported clause and reported verb.
 DIRECT SPEECH
EXAMPLES:
Reporting clause:
The boy said, "I ate pancakes."
Reporting verb:
The boy said, "I ate pancakes."
Reported clause:
The boy said, "I ate pancakes."
Reported verb:
The boy said, "I ate pancakes."
INDIRECT/ REPORTED SPEECH

Reported speech is also known as indirect

speech. it is a report on what someone else
said or wrote without using that person's
exact words. Unlike direct speech, it doesn't
have quotation marks.
INDIRECT/ REPORTED SPEECH
EXAMPLES
The boy said that he had eaten
pancakes.
The Mother ordered him to clean the
house.
John Asked if everything was clear.
Basic Rules in
Changing
Direct Speech
(DS) to
Reported
Speech (RS)
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)
1. Changes in the Person
of the Pronouns

1st person pronouns in a reported clause are always changed according

to the subject of the reporting clause.
Example:
DS: Anna said, "I am happy."
RS: Anna said that she was happy.
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)
1. Changes in the Person
of the Pronouns

2nd person pronouns in a reported clause are always changed according

to the object of the reporting clause.
Example:
DS: Joy said to Paul, "You passed the exam."
RS: Joy told Paul that he had passed the exam.
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)
1. Changes in the Person
of the Pronouns

3rd Person pronouns in a reported clause are not changed.

Example:
DS: Joana said, "She looks sad."
RS: Joana said she looked sad.
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)

2. Changes in Verb Tense

Reporting Clause with a Present or Future Tense Verb

If the reporting clause is in present tense or future tense, then there is
no change required in the verb of the reported clause. This verb could
be in any tense.
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)

2. Changes in Verb Tense

Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)

2. Changes in Verb Tense

Reporting Clause with a Past Tense Verb in Direct Speech

Occasionally, we don't need to change the present tense into the past
if the information in direct speech in still true. But this is only for things
which are general facts & even then usually we like to change the
tense.
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)

2. Changes in Verb Tense

Changes in Tense of the Verb
Changes in Tense of the Verb
Changes in Tense of the Verb
If the reporting verb is
in past tense, then the
reported verb will be
changed, depending on
its tense.
Changes in Tense of the Verb
Changes in Tense of the Verb
Changes in Tense of the Verb
Change in Modal Verb
Change in Modal Verb
Change in Modal Verb
Change in Modal Verb
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)
3. Other significant word
changes from direct
speech to reported speech
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)
4. Conversion of
Interrogative and
Imperative Direct Speech

The reporting verb said or said to is changed to askes, demanded, or

inquired.
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)
4. Conversion of
Interrogative and
Imperative Direct Speech
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)
4. Conversion of
Interrogative and
Imperative Direct Speech
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)
4. Conversion of
Interrogative and
Imperative Direct Speech
Basic Rules in Changing
Direct Speech (DS) to
Reported Speech (RS)
4. Conversion of
Interrogative and
Imperative Direct Speech
Do you have
any
question?
 WORKPLAN

Answer L18 A1
THANK YOU
See you next time!