Interface & Telemetry System

Topic: Serial Communication Standards

Heri Subagiyo

Program Studi Teknik Elektronika

Politeknik Caltex Riau

pcr@pcr.ac.id 0761 - 53939 https://pcr.ac.id

Contents
Serial Communication Protocol & Standards

USB Protocol

Serial Data Standards Background

Serial Data Standards Summary

Common Serial Data Standards Comparison

RS-232 Interface Connection

Basic RS-422/RS-485
 Serial Data Communication
Protocols & Standards

Serial
Communication
Protocols

Asynchronous Synchronous
type type

UART RS-232, RS- CAN I2C USB eSPI

SPI Protocol
Protocol 422, RS-485 Protocol Protocol Protocol Protocol
 USB Protocol (1)
• Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a two-wired serial communication protocol.
• It allows 127 devices to be connected at any given time. USB supports plug & play
functionality.

• USB protocol sends and receives the data serially

between host and external peripheral devices
through data signal lines D+ and D-.
• Apart from two data lines, USB has VCC and Ground
signals to power up the device.

USB Pin Out

 USB Protocol (2)
• Data is transmitted in the form of packets where two devices communicate each other. Data
packets compose of 8 bits (byte) with LSB (Least Significant Bit) transmitted first.

Advantages of USB Protocol

• Fast and simple.
• It is of low cost.
• Plug and Play hardware.

Disadvantages of USB Protocol

• Needs powerful master device. USB Speeds

• Specific drivers are required.

 Serial Data Standards Background
• Serial data transmission standards including RS232, RS422, RS423, and RS485.
• The first of the RS standards was RS232 (or RS-232 more correctly), developed in 1962.
• For forms of transmitting data from modems attached telephone lines to remote communications
equipment.
• The 'RS' stands for Recommended Standard, then formally adopted by the EIA (Electrical Industries
Association) / TIA (Telecommunications Industries Association) in the USA.
• Once RS-232 was established an equivalent standard was written for the ITU (International
Telecommunications Union) to provide a more international standard.
• With RS232 well established and the need for faster communications and over longer distances,
further standards beyond RS232 were introduced.
• Although a number of standards were introduced, the most widely used are RS-422 and RS485.
 Serial Data Standards Summary
• RS-232 RS-232 is the most widely used serial
standard that is in use. Many laptop computers
incorporate a serial interface, although much less so
now.
• RS-422 This standard gives a much higher data rate
than RS232, but it uses differential transmission
techniques. Many RS422 devices are compatible with
RS232.
• RS-485 RS-485 is a standard that allows high speed
data transmission along with multiple transmitters and
receivers and this makes it able to be incorporated as a
network solution.
RS Pinout
Common RS Series Serial Data Transmission
Standards
PARAMETER RS232 RS422 RS485
Cabling Single ended Differential Differential
Number of devices One transmit and one Five transmitters and 32 transmitters and 32
receive ten receivers receivers

Communication mode Full duplex Full duplex / half duplex Half duplex
Maximum distance 50 feet at 19.2 kbps 4000 feet at 100 kbps 4000 feet at 100 kbps
Maximum data rate 19.2 kbps at 50 feet 10 Mbps at 50 feet 10 Mbps at 50 feet
Signalling mode Unbalanced Balanced Balanced
Mark (1) -5 to -15 V 2 V to 6 V max. (B>A) 1.5 V to 5 V max. (B>A)
Space (0) +5 to +15 V 2 V to 6 V max. (A>B) 1.5 V to 5 V max. (A>B
Output current 500 mA 150 mA 250 mA
capability
 RS-232 Interface Connection
• Any RS-232 interface is only used for connecting two devices.
• One is the Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and the other is Data Communication Equipment
(DCE)
Basic RS-422/RS-485 Protocol
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA