430 McGraw-Hill Education: SAT

Exercise Set 2: Geometry (No Calculator)

1 5
A cereal company sells oatmeal in two sizes of Which of the following equations represents a circle
cylindrical containers. The radius of the larger in the xy-plane that intersects the x-axis at (3, 0) and
container is twice that of the smaller, and the (9, 0) ?
height of the larger container is 50% greater than
A) (x − 6)2 + (y − 4)2 = 25
the smaller. If the smaller container holds 10
ounces of oatmeal, how many ounces can the B) (x − 3)2 + (y − 9)2 = 25
larger container hold? C) (x − 6)2 + (y − 4)2 = 36
D) (x − 3)2 + (y − 9)2 = 36

D P N

In the figure above, P and N are the centers of the

circles and PN = 6. What is the area of the shaded
Note: Figure not drawn to scale. region?

In the figure above, CD is tangent to both circles, A) 18π − 9 3 B) 24π − 9 3

which are tangent to each other. If the smaller circle
has a circumference of 4π and the larger circle has C) 24π − 18 3 D) 36π − 18 3
a circumference of 16π, what is the length of CD?
7

P (9, k)
3
What is the area, in square inches, of a circle with
diameter 6π2 inches?
A) 9π4 B) 9π5 C) 36π4 D) 36π5
x
O (3, 0) (9, 0)
4
What is the length of the longest line segment that The diagram above shows a hexagon with all sides
connects two vertices of a rectangular box that is congruent and all angles congruent. What is the
6 units wide, 4 units long, and 2 units tall? value of k ?
A) 6 2 B) 6 3 C) 12 2 D) 12 3
A) 12 B) 48 C) 56

D) 58
CHAPTER 10 / THE SAT MATH TEST: ADDITIONAL TOPICS 431

Exercise Set 2: Geometry (Calculator)

8 11

y The Great Pyramid in Giza, Egypt, has a height

of 140 meters and a volume of 2.6 million cubic
D (14, 14) meters. If a scale model of the Great Pyramid is
A(−2, 12)
to be built that is 2 meters high, what will be the
volume, in cubic meters, of this model?

C (14, 6)

x
O B(4, 0)
12
Which of the following equations defines a circle
What is the area, in square units, of the that is tangent to the y-axis?
quadrilateral above?
A) (x − 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 2
B) (x − 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 3
C) (x − 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 4
D) (x − 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 9
9
What is the degree measure, to the nearest whole
degree, of an angle that measures 5.6 radians? Questions 13 and 14 refer to the diagram below.

E F
9

10 B C
15

A D G
10
O x° N The figure above shows two rectangles that share
a common vertex, and AF is a line segment that
passes through C.
M
13
(

In the figure above, arc MN has a length of 11.5. What is the ratio of the area of rectangle ABCD to
To the nearest integer, what is the value of x ? the area of rectangle AEFG ?
A) 3:5
B) 9:25
C) 5:8
D) 25:64
432 McGraw-Hill Education: SAT

14 15
If CD = 9, what is the perimeter of rectangle AEFG ?
A) 67.2
x°
B) 72.6
C) 76.2 4x°
D) 78.6 O
8

Point O is the center of the circle above. What is the

area of the shaded region?

A) 64π −16 3
3
B) 16π
−8 3
3
C) 64π −12 3
3
D) 64π
−8 3
3
CHAPTER 10 / THE SAT MATH TEST: ADDITIONAL TOPICS 433

EXERCISE SET 2: GEOMETRY ANSWER KEY

No Calculator 5. A All of the equations are clearly equations of

1. 60 If the smaller cylinder has a radius of r and
a height of h, its volume is πr 2h. The larger cylinder
therefore must have a radius of 2r and a height of 1.5h,
and a volume of π(2r)2(1.5h) = 6πr 2h. Since this is 6
times the volume of the smaller cylinder, it must hold
10 × 6 = 60 ounces of oatmeal.
2. 8 First, let’s draw the radii to the points of tan-
gency, the segment joining the centers, and the segment
from the center of the smaller circle that is perpendicu-
lar to the radius of the larger circle. Since the tangent
segment is perpendicular to the radii, these segments
form a rectangle and a right triangle.
C P
x 3 3
2 D
circles, so our only task is to verify that one of these
equations is satisfied by both point (3, 0) and point (9, 0).
Simply by plugging these coordinates into the equations,
we can verify that only the equation in (A) is true for both
points: (3 − 6)2 + (0 − 4)2 = 25 and (9 − 6)2 + (0 − 4)2 = 25.
6. C In this problem, we have to take advantage of
the Strange Area Rule from Lesson 7. First we should
draw the segments from P and N to the points of
intersection. Since each of these segments is a radius,
they have equal measure (6), and form two equilateral
60°-60°-60° triangles.
6 6
6 3 3
60°
60° N P N
= 120° −
3
6
6

x
6 2
The shaded region is composed of two circle “segments,”
10
each of which is a sector minus a triangle, as shown
in the figure above. The sector, since it has a 120° cen-
tral angle, has an area 1/3 of the whole circle, or (1/3)
(π(6)2) = 12π and the triangle has area 3(3 3 )= 9 3 .
Since the circumference of the smaller circle is 4π, its Therefore, the shaded region has an area of
radius is 2, and since the circumference of the larger (2)(12π −9 3 ) = 24π −18 3 .
circle is 16π, its radius is 8. The hypotenuse of the right
triangle is the sum of the two radii: 2 + 8 = 10. One of 7. B Each side of the hexagon has length 9 − 3 = 6.
the legs of the right triangle is the difference of the two Each interior angle of a regular hexagon has measure
radii: 8 − 2 = 6. (6 − 2)(180°)/6 = 120°, so the segments shown form two
Pythagorean Theorem: x2 + 62 = 102 30°-60°-90° triangles with lengths shown below.
Simplify: x2 + 36 = 100
y
Subtract 36: x2 = 64
Take square root: x=8
P(9, k)
3. B Diameter = 2r: 2r = 6π2 3 3
120° 3
Divide by 2: r = 3π2
Area formula: A = π(3π2)2 3 3
6
Simplify: A = π(9π4) x
O (3, 0) (9, 0)
Simplify: A = 9π5

4. C From the 3-D Distance Formula back in Therefore, k = 3 3 + 3 3 = 6 3 .

2 2 2
Lesson 4, the length of the diagonal is 6 +4 +2 =
36 + 16 + 4 = 56 .
434 McGraw-Hill Education: SAT

Calculator 14. A If CD = 9, we can find AD by the Pythagorean

Theorem. (AD)2 + (CD)2 = (AC)2
8. 142 First, let’s draw a rectangle around the figure
as shown. Substitute: (AD)2 + 92 = 152
Simplify: (AD) 2 + 81 = 225
y Subtract 81: (AD) 2 = 144
16 Take square root: AD = 12
D(14, 14) This means that the perimeter of ABCD is 12 + 9 + 12 +
2 16
A(−2, 12) 8 9 = 42. Since the ratio of the perimeters of similar
42 5
figures equals the ratio of corresponding sides, =
12 C(14, 6) p 8
36 6 Cross-multiply: 5p = 336
30
x Divide by 5: p = 67.2
6 B(4, 0) 10
15. A The two radii and the chord form an isosceles
This shows that the area we want is the area of the rect- triangle. x + x + 4x = 180
angle minus the areas of the three triangles: (16)(14) − Simplify: 6x = 180
(1/2)(2)(16) − (1/2)(12)(6) − (1/2)(10)(6) = 224 − 16 − 36 − Divide by 6: x = 30
30 = 142. Therefore, the diagram should look like this:

9. 321 To convert any angle from radians

to degrees, we just multiply by the conversion factor 4 3
(180°)/(π radians). 5.6 × 180°/π = 320.86 ≈ 321°. 30°
8
60° 4 4 3
10. 66 In a circle with radius 10, and arc of length 60° 30°
11.5 has a radian measure of 11.5/10 = 1.15 radians. O
8
In degrees, this equals 1.15 × 180°/π = 65.89° ≈ 66°.

11. 7.58 If two similar solids have sides in ratio of

a:b, then their volumes are in a ratio of a3:b3. The ratio
of the heights is 140:2 = 70:1, so the ratio of volumes is
703:13 = 343,000:1. This means that the volume of the
model is 2,600,000 ÷ 343,000 ≈ 7.58 cubic meters.
12. C As a quick sketch will verify, in order for a
circle to be tangent to the y-axis, its radius must equal
the absolute value of the x-coordinate of its center.
Since the center of each square is (2, −3), the radius must
be 2. The only circle with a radius of 2 is C.
As we saw in question 6, this portion of the circle is
called a “segment,” and we find its area by taking the
area of the sector minus the area of the triangle. The sec-
tor has area (120/360)(π82) = 64π/3, and the triangle has
area (1 / 2)(8 3 )(4) = 16 3 , so the segment has an area
of 64π/3 −16 3 .

13. D By the AA Theorem, triangle ACD is similar

to triangle AFG, and so rectangle ABCD is similar to
rectangle AEFG. The ratio of the corresponding sides is
equal to the ratio of their diagonals, which is 15:24 = 5:8.
Therefore, the ratio of their areas is 52:82 = 25:64.