GUAYAQUIL UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL
ENGINEERING

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING CAREER

SUBJECT

ENGLISH II

TEACHER

MISS. GUERRA JAIME DENISSE

STUDENT NAME

REBOLLEDO IZA BRYAN ADAN

HOMEWORK

PORTFOLIO

COURSE

2 SEMESTER

PARALLEL

IND-S-MA-2-2

WORKING DAY

MORNING

CII 2021 - 2022

GUAYAQUIL – ECUADOR
 MISSION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GUAYAQUIL

To generate, disseminate and preserve scientific, technological, humanistic and cultural

knowledge in a critical and creative way and for social innovation, through the functions
of training, research and liaison with society, professionally and ethically strengthening
the talent of the nation and the promotion of development, within the framework of
sustainability, justice and peace.

VISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GUAYAQUIL

To be a University recognized nationally and internationally for its academic quality,

entrepreneurship, scientific and technological production, with a focus on sustainable
social responsibility.

MISSION OF THE FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

The mission of the School of Industrial Engineering is to provide our students with an
educational environment of excellence and innovation, to prepare enterprising and
integral engineers who serve and adapt to the needs of the future development of the
country in an ethical, humane and sustainable manner.

VISION OF THE FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

The School of Industrial Engineering will be recognized for its level of excellence in the
formation of engineering professionals, with programs of study of the highest academic
quality, with solid scientific knowledge and with a great social commitment that will
contribute to the development of the country in the change of the productive matrix,
oriented to the needs of industry and markets.
 UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL 2-390961
Cdla. Universitaria Salvador Allende
www.ug.edu.ec
VICERRECTORADO Guayaquil - Ecuador
ACADÉMICO

UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL
VICERRECTORADO ACADÉMICO – DIRECCIÓN DE FORMACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA
PLAN ANALÍTICO.
Gestión Pedagógica Curricular y de Ambientes de Aprendizaje.
Facultad: Ingeniería Industrial Carrera: Industrial Fecha de elaboración: 14/11/2021
Asignatura: INGLÉS MÓDULO II Código: 002 Ciclo: II

Carga Horaria Carga

4 HRS Paralelo:
semanal: Horaria Total: 144 horas IND-S-MA-2-2
Período: 2021-2022 CII Modalidad: OnLine / Blended learning Horario:
Docente: Ing. Denisse Guerra Jaime Firma: Email:
denisse.guerraj@ug.edu.ec

Justificación de la asignatura.

The course is in charge of providing the student with the necessary knowledge to achieve communication skills in current contexts and to use elementary grammatical structures This
course seeks to bring the student closer to international standards according to the COMMON EUROPEAN FRAME OF REFERENCE FOR LANGUAGES (CEFR). Currently, teaching the English
language is one of the priorities in the curricular system. In the university field, the use of the English language is presented as a basic need for an adequate professional development.

Propósitos y aportes al perfil de egreso.

Específicos de la carrera:
This course fulfills the objective of guiding the student in complying with the fundamental tools to
advance in the labor market. In its sociocultural processes, language development, academic and
cognitive. English is the language of business and technology. In the field of INFORMATION SYSTEMS, it
is essential to have a good command of English, since most scientific advances and articles are published
in this language.
The time elapsed from the launch of a writing to its translation, together with the extreme dynamics of
commercial environments, require its proper handling.
Logros de aprendizaje.
Keep a constant commitment to continuous learning, in the search of self- improvement,
based on their professional growth and as a citizen.
The English subject is aligned to the "Communication and Language" Training Field. Students
learn the 4 skills of language, listening, speaking, reading and writing (listening, speaking,
reading and writing). The different activities in the learning process help the development of
listening comprehension, the acquisition of vocabulary and speech, strengthening the
integration of language learning with that of the other areas of the curriculum, thus creating
comprehensive learning.
 UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL
2-390961
Cdla. Universitaria Salvador Allende
VICERRECTORADO ACADÉMICO www.ug.edu.ec
Guayaquil - Ecuador

Actividades de organización de los aprendizajes.

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 2-390961
UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL
Cdla. Universitaria Salvador Allende
www.ug.edu.ec
VICERRECTORADO ACADÉMICO Guayaquil - Ecuador

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 UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL
2-390961
Cdla. Universitaria Salvador Allende
VICERRECTORADO www.ug.edu.ec
ACADÉMICO Guayaquil - Ecuador

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 2-390961
UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL Cdla. Universitaria Salvador Allend
www.ug.edu.ec Guayaquil - Ecuador
VICERRECTORADO ACADÉMICO

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 COUNTABLE AND UNCONTABLE NOUNS
Nouns can be countable or uncountable. Countable nouns can be counted, e.g. an apple, two apples, three
apples, etc. Uncountable nouns cannot be counted, e.g. air, rice, water, etc. When you learn a new noun, you
should check if it is countable or uncountable and note how it is used in a sentence.
COUNTABLE NOUNS WE CAN COUNT
Have a singular and plural form A tree two trees
Can use a singular verb or The book is old.
a plural verb The books are old.

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS WE CANNOT COUNT

Have only one form (no plural) Butter butters
Always use a singular verb Sugar is sweet
Cannot use a, an or a number A rice two rice
before them A bread two bread

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS ARE OFTEN…

ABSTRACT IDEAS (cannot touch) LIQUIDS & GASES

Lovev, freedom, eduaction, luck, Wáter, milk, wine, oil, coffe, rain,
Help, beauty, music, thunder Soup, air, smoke, blood, juice, fog

MADE OF SMALLER PARTS MATERIALS

Sugar, rice, salt, sand, flour, dirt, Wood, glass, paper, gold, silver,
Dust, traffic, Grass, spaghetti Ice, iron, cotton, wool, Steel

SOME FOOD (cut into small parts) BE CAREFUL (uncountable in English)

Bread, fish, cheese, chocolate, Fumiture, advice, work, news,
Meat, bacon, food, ham Information, luggage, money
Diference
Countable Uncountable
The singular form can use the determiner “a” or “an”, We cannot use a/an with these nouns.
a student, a book, an apple, an an, etc. Quantifier, some a loto f, much, a bilt of a grea deal of
Asking the quantity: “How many?”Combined with Use an exact measurement
the plural countable noun, example: how many a coup of, a bag of, 1kg of, 1L of, a handful of a pinch
students? of an hour of a day of
Asking the quantity: “How much?” example: how
much sugar?

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

1. Accommodation 12. Bravery 23. Equipmet 34. Grief

2. Advice 13. Bread 24. Evidence 35. Ground
3. Aggression 14. Clothing 25. Experience 36. Guilt
4. Air 15. Coffee 26. Failure 37. Happiness
5. Alcohol 16. Confidence 27. Fuel 38. Harm
6. Art 17. Confusión 28. Fun 39. History
7. Assistance 18. Content 29. Furniture 40. Machinery
8. Beauty 19. Cotton 30. Gasolina 41. Meat
9. Beff 20. Education 31. Gold 42. Milk
10. Behavior 21. Electricity 32. Golf 43. Money
11. Blood 22. Enterteinment 33. Grass 44. Motivation
45. Nature 51. Research 57. Thunder 63. Warmth
46. News 52. Rice 58. Time 64. Wáter
47. Paper 53. Soup 59. Traffic 65. Wealth
48. Pasta 54. Space 60. Transportation
49. Perfume 55. Spaghetti 61. Travel
50. Rain 56. Sugar 62. Understanding

WRITE 10 SENTENCES USING COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns

1. There is a car. 6. He has some money.
2. I am cooking an egg. 7. There is some milk in the bottle.
3. Bryan bought two cakes 8. Ethan buys some oil.
4. There are 20 apples in the cart 9. There is much sugar in the glass.
5. Paul needs to buy a ticket 10. Is there any salt?

EXERCISE LISTEN AND READ, THEN CHOOSE THE BEST TITLE A, B ,C.
My name's LUCY Bede and I live in Chicago. My dad has a diner md we live
in the apartment above it. The diner is my home, my workplace and a great
place to hang out with my friends.
During the week I USUally wake UP at 6:30 and help my mom at the diner.
I dean the tables and she cleans the fioor. Then, I go to school.
I get home at ab0Ut 4:00 in the afternoon There aren't USUally many people
in the diner at that time, so I do my homework there. Then, I have dinnec
I rarely have burgers because l'm sick of them. In the evening my friends
sometimes come to the diner. We play video games, surf the Net or lust sit
around and tak
Idon'tworkat the diner every evening. I work three times a week. Twice a
eek I work til 8 p.m. and once a week, on Saturdays, till 10 p.m.
I enjoy working at my dad's diner, bUt every evening I always take a long
shower because I smell like fried food! I hate itl

READ AGAIN AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

• What does lucy do before school?
She helps her mom

• Where does she do her homework?

In the diner she does her homework

• When do lucy’s friends visit her?

In the evening my friends sometimes come to the diner

• How often does she work till ten?

Once a week, on saturdays till 10 p.m

• What does lucy do every evening?

Take a long shower because she smell like fried food
 PRESENT SIMPLE
Form * Facts.
Use it for * Habitual actions.
S + verb + object . * Things that don't/won't change.
* Describing yourself.
l/we/they/you + like + tea.

He/she/it + likes + tea.

Signal Adverbs of frequency, like.
S + don't/doesn't + verb + object . words * Often
* Usually
I + don't + like + tea. * Sometimes
* Never
She + doesn't + like + tea.

Do/Does + S + verb + object?

BUT REMEMBER

Do + you/we/they/l + like + tea? *** The verb 'to be' is different ***
I + am (Australian.)
Does + he/she/it + like + tea? He/she/it + is (clever.)
you/we/they + are (nice.)

The simple present tense is one of several forms of present tense in English. It is used to describe habits,
unchanging situations, general truths, and fixed arrangements. The simple present tense is simple to
form. Just use the base form of the verb: (I take, you take, we take, they take) The 3rd person singular
takes an -s at the end. (he takes, she takes)
Affirmative Interrogative Negative

I think Do I think? I do not think

You think Do you think? You do not think

He thinks Does he think? He does not think

She thinks Does she think? She does not think

It thinks Does it think? It does not think

We think Do we think? We do not think.

They think Do they think? They do not think.

NOTES ON THE SIMPLE PRESENT, THIRD PERSON SINGULAR

In the third person singular the verb always ends in -s:

he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.
 Negative and question forms use DOES (= the third person of the auxiliary 'DO') + the infinitive of the
verb.
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.

Verbs ending in -y : the third person changes the -y to -ies:

fly --> flies, cry --> cries

Exception: if there is a vowel before the -y:

play --> plays, pray --> prays

Add -es to verbs ending in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:

he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes

Affirmative: Interrogative.
1.- She goes to school every day. 1.- Does she go to school every day?
2.- She drinks coffee in the morning. 2.- Does she drink coffee in the morning?
3.- He works with her father.. 3.- Does he work with her father?
4.- Luis likes to play the guitar. 4.- Does Luis like to play the guitar?
5.- Alicia has two kids. 5.- Does Alicia have two kids?
6.- He lives here. 6.- Do you live here?

Negative: Short Answers

1.- She doesn't go to school every day. 1.- Yes, she does
2.- She doesn't drink coffee in the morning. 2.- No, she doesn't
3.- He doesn'tworks with her father.. 3.- Yes, he does
4.- Luis doesn't like to play the guitar. 4.- No, he doesn't
5.- Alicia doesn't have two kids. 5.- Yes, she does
6.- He doesn´t live here. 6.- Yes, I do
EXERCISES
Fill the blank using the simple present tense

▪ Ben _does__ (work) in a hospital. ▪ _Does__ he _wants__ (want) to eat?

▪ _Do__ you _like__ (like) fish? ▪ Samantha _plays__ (play) tennis twice a week.
▪ She __does not teach__ (not/teach) English ▪ Valerie _studies_ (study) English at university.
▪ Matthew never __watches__ (watch) television.
▪ _Does__ she __plays__ (play) football?
▪ They always _eat_ (eat) dinner at 7 o'clock
▪ We __don’t live_ (not/live) in a big house.

SOME / ANY
Thewords some and any are used for countable and uncountable nouns. In general, we could say
that some means a few / alittle and any means none in negative clauses or a few / a little in questions.
?
SOME ANY NO
NOT ANY
There are some books. Are there anv books? There are no books.
There are not any books.
 Some is generally used in positive ( amrmative) sentences.
+ •There are some flowers in a vase on the table.
• He needs &
SOME some
ANYmedicine.
SOME Exception To The Rule: 'Some' can also be used in questions
? ifyou are offering something to someone or asking for
something by thinking that the answer is yes or hopes for such an
answer.
• Would you like some cofee?

Any is generally used in negative sentences.

- • There aren't any students in the school.
• I dont want to drink any fruitjuice.

Any is used in questions.

ANY ? • Do we have any bread in the house?
• He hasn't received any e-mails yet.

Exception To The Rule: Any can only be used in positive

+ sentences ifit is used with conjunctions such as If and weather.
• We'll always help you ifyou have any problems or troubles.

A – An – Some – Any
A / AN + singular countable nouns
A + CONSONANT SOUND There is a bottle on the table.
AN + VOWELSOUND There is an apple on the table.

SOME/ ANY + plural countable nouns & uncountable nouns

+ affirmative SOME There is some cheese in the fridge.
- negative ANY There isn't any cheese in the fridge.
? questions* ANY Is there any cheese in the fridge?
(9)
affirmative
Countable Countable Uncountable
Singular Plural
+ affirmative A / AN SOME SOME
- negative A / AN ANY ANY
? questions * A / AN ANY ANY

* EXCEPTIONS
Countable Uncountable
Plural
? questions I. offer Would you like some.„? SOME SOME

? questions 2. askfor Can I …some…? SOME SOME

? questions 3. Suggest We don´t we …some…? SOME SOME

 SOME / ANY
SOME

+ Usamos SOME en oraciones afirmativas con sustantivos contables e incontables

I need some shoes Necesito algunos zapatos
I drank some water Bebí un poco de agua

? Usamos SOME en preguntas, PERO solo en OFERTAS Y SOLICITUDES

Would you like some water? ¿Quieres un poco de agua?
Can I borrow some money? ¿Me prestas algo de dinero?

ANY

- Usamos ANY en oraciones negativas con sustantivos contables e incontables. (A veces no tiene
traducción en español)
I don't have any shoes No tengo zapatos
I don't need any water No necesito agua

? Usamos ANY en oraciones negativas con sustantivos contables e incontables. (A veces no tiene
traducción en español)
Do you have any pets? ¿Tienes mascotas?
Do you have any money? ¿Tienes (algo de) dinero?

SOME / ANY EXAMPLES

• Would you like some ketchup to go with your fries?

• We don’t have any olives.
• I really want some striped socks.
• Do you have any wrapping paper?
• Let’s go have some fun.
• I’ve never heard of any of these artists.
• Chris found some wild strawberries growing by the side of the road
• Do we have any jam or are we all out?

SOME / ANY EXERCISES

Decide whether you have to use some or any:
• Is there ____any___ milk left?
• There is ___some____ juice in the bottle.
• Do you have ___any____ coffee?
• I don’t have ___any____ money left.
• She has _____some__ money.
• Do you know ___any____ of these singers?
• I don’t know ____any___ of them.
• I know ___some____ of them.
 WRITE 10 SENTENCES USING SOME / ANY / A / AN

1. Ethan buys some oil.

2. There is some juice in the pitcher.
3. He doesn't have any money.
4. Joel has an apple.
5. Do you have any sugar?
6. There's a pet in the house.
7. Do you have any red paper?
8. Carlos and Peter build a building.
9. You're eating some cake.
10. I have an orange pen.

HOW MUCH / HOW MANY

How do you use much and many many?
They both show an amount of something.
1. Use 'Much' with uncountable nouns. We use much with singular nouns. Question:
"How much petrol is in the car?" ...
2. Use 'Many' with countable nouns. We use many with plural nouns. ...
3. Use a 'A lot of' and 'Lots of' with both. Both mean a large amount.

What is difference between much and many?

Basic “Much” and “Many” Differences

Enter “much” and “many.” When “much” or “many” are used, it's to describe a large quantity of a noun. ...
“Many” describes the countable noun. “Much” describes the non-countable noun.

MUCH vs MANY
Much and Many are both determiners, with more or less the basic meaning: "in great quantity" or "in large
nurnber"- There is, however, a distinction in their usage
MUCH MANY
• Is an adjective- • Is also an adjective
• Used for uncountable nouns, are in singular form. • Used for countable nouns, which are in plural form.
• Refers to a large amount of an uncountable noun • Refers to a large number of countable nouns

Exarnples
• The fruit seller charged rne too rnuch money-
• There's too n•uch crime and gratuitous violence on
TV.
• It's normally much warmer than this in July.
• I was very much surprised at news.
• Too much sugar will rot your teeth.
• I wish you much happiness together
Exarnples
• How goals has he missed this season?
• John takes part in school activities.
• Many rivers and Iakes are seriously Polluted.
• Many flowers perished in the storm-
• Mr- Black has been a client Of this firm for years.
• HOW languages do you speak?
 THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HOW MUCH & HOW MANY IN ENGLISH

HOW MUCH? - HOW MANY?

When we want to know the quantity or amount of something, we ask
questions starting with How much and How many.

HOW MUCH I want to know the QUANTITY or AMOUNT

HOW MUCH + UNCOUNTABLE NOUN

- How much sugar would you like? - How rnuch money did you spend?
- How much time do we have to finish? - How much milk is in the fridge?

HOW MUCH I want to know the prince

HOW MUCH + SINGULAR OR PLURAL NOUN (or with the verb COST orBE).
- How much is this dress? - How much did your jacket cost?
- How much are these shoes? - How much will it cost me?

HOW MANY? I want to know the QUANTlTY or AMOUNT

HOW MANY + PLURAL (COUNTABLE) NOUN

- How many days are there in January? - How many books did you buy?
- How many students are in this room? - How many cousins do you have?

The noun is often omitted in the question when it is obvious what we're talking about.
- A: I would like to buy some cheese. - B: How much (cheese) would you like?
- A: I need some coins. - B: How many do you need?
- A: I need some sugar. - B: How much do pu need?

How many? How much?

Uses with plural nouns
• How many animals are there?
• How many balls can you carry?
• How many blades of grass are there?
• How many cars can you see?
• How many children are playing?
• How many colours of the rainbow?
• How many eggs for breakfast?
• How many fish can you see swimming?
• How many games shall we play?
• How many grains of sand in your hand?
• How many pieces of cake did you eat?
• How many planks of wood are there?
• How many toys do you have?
Uses with singularl nouns
• How much cheese is left?
• How much effort does it take?
• How much farther to walk?
• How much homework must I do?
• How much milk is in the bottle?
• How much noise can you hear?
• How much rope do I need?
• How much sand is on the beach?
• How much soup is in the bowl?
• How much stuff is in my room?
• How much time do we have left?
• How much traffic is there?
• How much water should I drink?

How many times did the teacher ask how much homework was finished?
 COMPLE USING HOW MUCH AND HOW MANY

1.How much water do you drink?

2.How many rooms are there in your house?
3.How much chocolate have you got?
4.How many exercises do you have?
5.How much money is there in the safe?
6.How much milk has she got in the bottle?
7.How many students are there in the school team?
8.How many cassettes have you got?
9.How many lemons do we need?
10.How much marmalade do you eat?

LISTEN AND READ

It was a great Idea to come to the

Tina Barbara Yes, he did.
bowling
alley today!
Tina Did he get lost?
I know. It's a Iot of fun.alley today! .
Barbara l'm glad we didnt join the others. No, he didn't. But when he came
Barbara back, he was all wet
.
I didn't want to go on another road
Bob trip. l'm glad l'm here With you Wet? Why? Did you go swimming
Tina
guys. in the Iake?
.
Ha, ha! Not exactly!. When he was
Tina Why? What's wrong? Barbara on the shore, he got too close to the
water and fell In!
Ha, ha! I know. Do you remember
Barbara Tina What?! Ha, ha!
that road trjp to Crater Lake?
.
Well, I wanted to get a good look at
Bob
Bob I do! How can I forget? the Island. lt'S called Wzard Island,
you know..
I don't think I was there. What
Tina Barbara That was funny, because you
happened? Did Bob go exploring
looked like a wet wizard to us. Ha,
again?
ha!
Bob Yeah, very funny! Ha, ha!

READ AGAIN AND DECIDE IF THE STATEMENTS ARE TRUE OR FALSE

Barbara wanted to go on a road trip with the others. ( F )

Tina doesn’t like going to bowling alleys ( F )
Barbara and bob went to crater lake on a road trip ( T )
Bob didn’t get lost when he went exploring. ( T )
Bob fell in the water because he wanted to swim ( F )
 PAST SIMPLE
NEGATIVE SENTENCES

SUBJECT + DIDN´T + VERB IN INFINITIVE FORM + COMPLEMENT

He didn´t work in the company. El no trabajo en la empresa

I did not work

You did not work
She did not work
lt did not work In the company
We did not work
You did not work
They did not work

DID – SHORT ANSWER

Present Do you like surprises? Yes, I do.
Past Did you like my surprise? Yes, I did ENGLISH
EXAMPLE AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
QUESTIONS SHORT SHORT
ANSWERS ANSWERS
Did I pass the test?
Did I make a mistake? Yes, you did. No, you didn't.

Did you need help yesterday?

Did you sleep well last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn't.

Did you and John study?

Did you both like the movie? Yes, we did. No, we didn't.

Did they arrive on time?

Did Mike and Jack pay for it? Yes, they did. No, they didn't.

Did he answer your question?

Did Steve enjoy the game? Yes, he did. No, he didn't.

Did she go to the dentist?

Did Mary finish the report? Yes, she did. No, she didn't.

Did it rain last night?

Did your dog bite someone? Yes, it did. No, it didn't.
 AFFIRMATIVE: RECULAR PAST SIMPLE FORM AFFIRMATIVE
• To form the past simple we add —ED to the
infinitive. REGULAR IRREGULAR
All persons have the same form: VERBS VERBS
I/ you/ wel they/ We have to learn the
We add - ED
walk+ed irregular
He shel it play+ed I worked
verb list by heart
• Spelling changes You worked
- Verbs ending in cons-y--ied He worked
I went
I study -i I studied She worked
You ran
It worked
He went
• Monosyllables verb$ (CVC) double the consonant We worked
She ran
- He stops -i He stopped You worked
It went
They worked
We run
• Verbs ending in —e -i d You went
She dances -i She danced They run

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE PAST SIMPLE VERB IN PARENTHESES.

• MY MOM ___didn’t cook______ ( NOT COOK) YESTERDAY. WE ______ate___ ( EAT)

SANDWICHES FOR LUNCH.

• LAST SUNDAY WE ___went_____ ( GO) TO THE BEACH, BUT WE ____didn’t go____ ( NOT
GO) SWIMMING.

• A: ____Did_____ YOU ____buy____ ( BUY) THE FOOD FOR THE PARTY?

• B: OH, SORRY. I ___forgot____ (FORGET)

HOMEWORK
USING THE SIMPLE PAST WRITE 10 SENTENCES ABOUT ANY SITUATION IN THE PAST
1. Did you buy two sports cars?
2. I did not go to the movies yesterday.
3. Did you go to Beijing in August 2007?
4. Lucas bought the house last year.
5. Alex Morgan did not play in the stadium.
6. Did you have a cold?
7. Didn't you go to the theater?
8. Nikolas built the military base
9. Ellie acted in the movie
10. Gareth played in the English soccer team.

GRAMMAR : THERE WAS / THERE WERE

• We use " There was / There were" when we talk about the past.

• We use "There was+ a count noun"

( singular)
• There was a bakery near our house.
 • We use" There was + a non count noun"
• There was a lot of traffic on my street yesterday.

• We use " There were+ a plural noun"

• There were a lot of people in the country in the past.

There is/there are (Past) There was/there were

+ Affirmative form
a pen on the table. There was an orange on the table.
There was some water in the cup + There were some books on the shelf.
a lot of money in my wallet.
- Was there an orange on the table? -
some books in the bag. ? Yes, there was./No, there was not./
There were two cats on the floor. No, there wasn't.
a lot of kids in the garden. - Were there any books on the shelf?
— Yes, there were./ No, there were
not./No, there weren't.

.
There wasn't (was not) onthetable.
. - There was no the bottle.
There weren't (were not) any books
here.
There were no windows in office

COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THERE WAS OR THERE WERE

• ___There was______ A TOWER HERE IN THE PAST, BUT NOW THERE’S ONLY AN ART
GALLERY.

• _There weren’t________ MANY PEOPLE AT THE GAME LAST NIGHT BECAUSE IT WAS
VERY COLD.

• A:_____Were there__ MANY BRIDGES IN THIS CITY IN THE 16th CENTURY?

B: NO, __there weren’t___.
___There was______ ONLY ONE BRIDGE.

•A: ___Was there___ A PALACE NEAR THE FOREST IN THE PAST?

B: YES, ___there was__. TODAY THEY USE IT AS A MUSEUM.
HOMEWORK
USE THERE WAS AND THERE WERE TO WRITE 10 SENTENCES ABOUT ANY SITUATION
IN THE PAST
1. There was a house by the river 6. There were some pictures from the album.
2. There was an airplane inside the stadium 7. There were some cars in the hangar.
3. There was an emergency call 8. There were apples on the table.
4. There was a big lake next to the cabin. 9. There were some broken computers.
5. There was a waterproof telephone. 10. There were several people in the queue.
LISTEN AND READ

San Juan de Ulúa
Veracruz is a city and Important port on the east
coast of Mexlco. In the 16th century, Hernan
Cortez founded a town there. ThlS town became a
busy port and was the maln point of entry to
MexIco for 400 years.
On an Island near the city Is the fort of San Juan de
IJIÚa. Today the fort IS a museum but, In the past,
lt protected the port of Veracruz. lt was a common
target for attacks because there were Iots of
treasures of gold and silver.
Its thICk wallS made It very hard to get Into the fort
and they are still standlng today.
San Juan de Ullja was alS0 a prison for many years.
lt was almost Imposslble to escape from there
because there were many sharks in the water
between the Island and the City Of Veracruz.
Nobody could swim from the fort and survwe. The
Mexican "Robin Hood, "Chucho el Roto, was one Of
the many tamous prlsoners of the fort. Today,
tourlsts can visit his Old prlson cell there

READ AGAIN AND CORRECT THE MISTAKE IN THE STATEMENTS. REPLACE THE
WORDS IN BOLD.

❖ Veracruz became a city in the 16th century.

❖ The town hernan cortez founded was a busy port.
❖ The walls of the fort were very thick.
❖ It was hard to escape from the fort.
❖ Today san juan de ulua is a museum

LISTEN AND READ

A trip bad in time
John Smith
Last weekend I went to Colonial Williamsburg on
a trip. I know some people find history boring,
but a place like Williamsburg isn't boring at all.
History comes alive before your eyes there.
Colonial Williamsburg looks exactly Iike a
Colonial town in the 1 70' and 1 8th centuries.
The buildings are the same, and even thehistorical
interpreters dress and talk the sarne.
There are Colonial shops and people make
products in the traditional way. I bought a pair of
Colonial shoes! In front of the old Governor's
palace, a small band played music from the
Colonial period. We had some free time, so we
took a tour of the Capitol building. lt was really
amazing! George Washington and Thomas
Jefferson worked there. This place is really cool.
It's Iike going back in time!

READ AGAIN AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES

❖ Jhon went to colonial williamsburg _________ last weekend__________________

❖ People make products in ________ the traditional way________________________
❖ John bought ____________ a pair of Colonial shoes______________________ there
❖ The music is from the ____________ from the Colonial period____________________
❖ John walked around the_________ Capitol building ___________ and he was really amazed.
 PAST SIMPLE
FORM OF THE PAST SIMPLE

Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs

We add -ed in all persons. We have to study them as they have

special forms in the past.
talk-talked
play-played eat-ate
speak-spoke
have-had

PAST SIMPLE OF REGULAR VERBS ( AFFIRMATIVE)

•I Verb + ed
•You
Simple Past Tense
started Regular verbs
• She
• lt played Spelling rules Examples
• We warted
base form + ed Walk----walked
•You Play------ played
• They rained verbs ending in -e + d like------liked
move------moved
verbs ending in a consonant + y carry------carried
study------studied
change y--i + ed
Some verbs ending in a single consonant + plan------planned
the second last letter is a vowel stop------stopped
---double the last letter + ed

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING PAST SIMPLE OF REGULAR VERBS ( AFFIRMATIVE)

❖ Sam _stopped____ ( stop) the car to take a picture.
❖ I _____studied___ ( study) for the exam for three hours.
❖ They __were_____ (be) happy to be home.
❖ Sally ___was____ ( be) disappointed. She__missed___( miss) the party.
PAST SIMPLE OF IRREGULAR VERBS ( AFFIRMATIVE)

Affirmative:
Irregular past verb forms must be learned because they don' t follow any rule:
• Go went
• Come came
• Buy bought
• Drink drank
• Eat ate
• Find found
• See saw

I went to El Tajínlast Summer holidays.

 Irregular verbs
Infinitive Past Simple Past Spanish
Participie
Arise Arose Arisen Surgir, Levantarse
Awake Awoke Awoken Despertarse
Be/ am, are, is Was / Were Been Ser / Estar
Bear Bore Borne / Born Soportar, dar a luz
Beat Beat Beaten Golpear
Become Became Become Llegar a Ser
Begin Began Begun Empezar
Bend Bent Bent Doblar
Bet Bet Bet Apostar
Bind Bound Bound Atar, encuadernar
Bid Bid Bid Pujar
Bite Bit Bitten Morder
Bleed Bled Bled Sangrar
Blow Blew Blown Soplar
Break Broke Broken Romper
Breed Bred Bred Criar
Bring Brought Brought Traer Llevar
Broadcast Broadcast Broadcast Radiar
Build Built Built Edificar
Burn Burnt / Burned Burnt / Burned Quemar
Burst Burst Burst Reventar
Buy Bought Bought Comprar
Cast Cast Cast Arrojar
Catch Caught Caught Coger
Come Came Come Venir
Cost Cost Cost Costar
Cut Cut Cut Cortar
Choose Chose Chosen Elegir
Cling Clung Clung Agarrarse
Creep Crept Crept Arrastrarse
Deal Dealt Dealt Tratar
Dig Dug Dug Cavar
Do (Does) Did Done Hacer
Draw Drew Drawn Dibujar
Dream Dreamt /Dreamed Dreamt /Dreamed Soñar
Drink Drank Drunk Beber
Drive Drove Driven Conducir
Eat Ate Eaten Comer
Fall Fell Fallen Caer
Feed Fed Fed Alimentar
Feel Felt Felt Sentir
Fight Fought Fought Luchar
Find Found Found Encontrar
Flee Fled Fled Huir
Fly Flew Flown Volar
Forbid Forbade Forbidden Prohibir
Forget Forgot Forgotten Olvidar
Forgive Forgave Forgiven Perdonar
Freeze Froze Frozen Helar
Get Got Got / Gotten Obtener
Give Gave Given Dar
Go (Goes) Went Gone Ir
Grow Grew Grown Crecer
Grind Ground Ground Moler
Hang Hung Hung Colgar
Have Had Had Haber o Tener
Hear Heard Heard Oir
Hide Hid Hidden Ocultar
Hit Hit Hit Golpear
Hold Held Held Agarrar Celebrar
Hurt Hurt Hurt Herir
Keep Kept Kept Conservar
Know Knew Known Saber Conocer
Kneel Knelt Knelt Arrodillarse
Knit Knit Knit Hacer punto
Lay Laid Laid Poner
Lead Led Led Conducir
Lean Leant Leant Apoyarse
Leap Leapt Leapt Brincar
Learn Learnt / Learned Learnt / Learned Aprender
Leave Left Left Dejar
Lend Lent Lent Prestar
Let Let Let Permitir
Lie Lay Lain Echarse
Light Lit Lit Encender
Lose Lost Lost Perder
Make Made Made Hacer
Mean Meant Meant Significar
Meet Met Met Encontrar
Mistake Mistook Mistaken Equivocar
Overcome Overcame Overcome Vencer
Pay Paid Paid Pagar
Put Put Put Poner
Read Read Read Leer
Ride Rode Ridden Montar
Ring Rang Rung Llamar
Rise Rose Risen Levantarse
Run Ran Run Correr
Say Said Said Decir
See Saw Seen Ver
Seek Sought Sought Buscar
Sell Sold Sold Vender
Send Sent Sent Enviar
Set Set Set Poner(se)
Sew Sewed Sewed / Sewn Coser
Shake Shook Shaken Sacudir
Shear Shore Shorn Esquilar
Shine Shone Shone Brillar
Shoot Shot Shot Disparar
Show Showed Shown Mostrar
Shrink Shrank Shrunk Encogerse
Shut Shut Shut Cerrar
Sing Sang Sung Cantar
Sink Sank Sunk Hundir
Sit Sat Sat Sentarse
Sleep Slept Slept Dormir
Slide Slid Slid Resbalar
Smell Smelt Smelt Oler
Sow Sowed Sowed / Sown Sembrar
Speak Spoke Spoken Hablar
Speed Sped Sped Acelerar
Spell Spelt Spelt Deletrear
Spend Spent Spent Gastar
Spill Spilt / Spilled Spilt / Spilled Derramar
Spin Spun Spun Hilar
Spit Spat Spat Escupir
Split Split Split Hender / partir / rajar
Spoil Spoilt / Spoiled Spoilt / Spoiled Estropear
Spread Spread Spread Extender
Spring Sprang Sprung Saltar
Stand Stood Stood Estar en pie
Steal Stole Stolen Robar
Stick Stuck Stuck Pegar Engomar
Sting Stung Stung Picar
Stink Stank/Stunk Stunk Apestar
Stride Strode Stridden Dar zancadas
Strike Struck Struck Golpear
Swear Swore Sworn Jurar
Sweat Sweat Sweat Sudar
Sweep Swept Swept Barrer
Swell Swelled Swollen Hinchar
Swim Swam Swum Nadar
Swing Swung Swung Columpiarse
Take Took Taken Coger
Teach Taught Taught Enseñar
Tear Tore Torn Rasgar
Tell Told Told Decir
Think Thought Thought Pensar
Throw Threw Thrown Arrojar Tirar
Thrust Thrust Thrust Introducir
Tread Trod Trodden Pisar, hollar
Understand Understood Understood Entender
Undergo Underwent Undergone Sufrir
Undertake Undertook Undertaken Emprender
Wake Woke Woken Despertarse
Wear Wore Worn Llevar puesto
Weave Wove Woven Tejer
Weep Wept Wept Llorar
Wet Wet Wet Mojar
Win Won Won Ganar
Wind Wound Wound Enrollar
Withdraw Withdrew Withdrawn Retirarse
Wring Wrung Wrung Torcer
Write Wrote Written Escribir
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING PAST SIMPLE OF IRREGULAR VERBS
(AFFIRMATIVE)
❖ Samantha (drive) ____ drove _______ for an hour.
❖ She ( take) ____ took _______ three books from the library last week.
❖ Lucy ( buy) ___ bought ______ a new dress yersterday.
❖ They ( watch) _____ watched _____ a movie last night.
❖ Ann ( go) ____ went ______ to the supermarket las week.
❖ You ( read) ___ read ______ the book in one weekend.
❖ Sheila ( write) ___ wrote _______ a letter to her mother last night.

HOMEWORK
USING PAST SIMPLE OF REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS ( AFFIRMATIVE) WRITE 30
WORD PARAGRAPH ABOUT YOUR LAST VACATIONS.
My last vacation was when I went to the beaches of Salinas, it was a great day, where we tried several
typical dishes and besides that we could enjoy the waves and see the beautiful sunset.

LISTEN AND READ

Hey, who's that In this old Were his parents at home?

Heather Heather
newspaper?
alley today! Yes, they were. But they were in
Ahh, that's my grandfather. In the the kitchen downstalrs and the
Pam picture. He was a firefighter. alley Pam staircase was on fire
today!
I'm sure they were happy to see mm
Heather Really? And what about that baby? Heather sate and sound. And all that thanks
to your grandfather.
Look at the tltle of the story,
Pam Heather. Pam Yeah, he was a great fireflghter. He
was never scared.
¡Oh, wow! I guess he was a
Heather Heather So, wait, is this why you want to be
very brave person.
a firetighter, ¿too?
Oh yes, he was very brave.
Ha, ha. yes, actuallY. I want to be
Pam You see, the baby was all Pam brave Iike my grandfather.
alone in his bedroom.
That's really good. ¡I can’t go into a
Heather
building thatg on fire!

Then, you can't be a very good

Pam firefighter!
READ AGAIN AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.

❖ Who was a firefighter?

__________pam’s grandfather__________________
❖ Who thinks that pam’s garndfather was brave?
___________pam and heather______________________
❖ Were the baby’s parents with him during the fire?
____________no they weren’t_______________________
❖ Who wants to be a firefigther?
____________pam_______________________________
❖ Who can’t become a firefighter? Why?
__heather, because she can’t go in to building that’s on fire__

PAST SIMPLE THE VERB TO BE

WAS - WERE
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

I Was happy. I Wasn´t sad. Wasn´t =

.
He Was hungry. He Wasn´t thirsty. Was not
She Was a nurse. She Wasn´t a teacher.
It Was big. It Wasn´t small.

We Were early. We Weren´t late. Weren´t =

You Were at school. You Weren´t at home. Were not
They Were quiet. They Weren´t noisy.

QUESTIONS

+ Afirmative They were happy. She was rich

? Questions Were they happy? Was she rich?

Short Answer Yes, they were / NO, they weren't Yes, she was / No, she wasn't

Where sick …?
+ Was + I / he / she / it
+
Why tired …?
When + Were + we / you / they ready …?
- Why was he angry? - When was she nervous
- Where were you yesterday? - Who were those people?

CHECK YOUR ANSWERS

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING WAS OR WERE.
❖ You __were__ angry.
❖ She___was__ in london last week.
❖ He _was______ on holidays.
❖ It____was______ cold
❖ We _____were__at school.
 ❖ The cat ___was__ on the roof.
❖ The children__were_ in the garden.
❖ My sister __was__ wth me.

COMPLETE THE BLANKS WITH WAS, WERE, WASN’T, WEREN’T

❖ A: _was_____ anna at the party last night?
b: no, she ___wasn’t__. But her sisters ___were__ there with their friends.
❖ when diane ____was__ young, she ____was___ a brave girl.
she_was__ afraid of the dark.
❖ A:__were___ you at the movies last night?
b: no,i __wasn’t______.
i___was___ at home with mike and Kelly

USING THE PAST SIMPLE ( THE VERB TO BE) WRITE 30 WORD PARAGRAPH ABOUT ANY
SITUATIONS YOU HAVE HAD

It was when I was in 10th grade, where the school Olympics were held. With my classmates we formed an
indor team, it was great; we were very united and we made it to the semifinals.

LISTEN, READ, LOOK A THE PICTURE AND MATCH THEM WITH THE PARAGRAPHS OF
THE STORY.

CHECK YOUR ANSWERS

(E) 1. Last weekend JOhn and Sally went camping With their cousins Eddy and Sue, in a forest They
put up their tent near a small lake.

(D) 2. It was hot and sunny, so they all swam in the lake Then, John and Eddy caught some fish and
Sally made a fire and cooked thern. They were delicious!

(B) 3. After luncn JOhn and Sally went tor a walk in thetorest. They took a flashlight, but they didnt
take a map.

(A) 4. They walked for hours When it started getting dark, they stopped. They wanted to go back to
their cousins but they were lost.

(C) 5. Luckily, Sally had a good idea. She made another fire Eddy and Sue saw the smoke from the fire
land found them. Sally and John were tired, but they were OK.

READ AGAIN AND ANSWERS THE QUESTIONS

• When did sally, jhon and their cousin go camping? _______last weekend___________
• What was the weather like? ____it was hot and sunny_____________________
• Who cooked the fish? __________sally_____________________________________
• What did sally and jhon do after lunch? _________they went for a walk in the forest______
• What did sally do when they got lost? ____she made a fire___________________
• How did eddy and sue fien their cousins? ______they saw the smoke________________