Final Report Survey of Health

A GROUP PROJECT REPORT
ON
‘A STUDY OF HEALTHY LIVING PRACTICES AMONG THE YOUTH OF
SELECTED CITIES OF GUJARAT STATE’
SUBMITTED TO
DR. DEEPAL JOSHI
SOMLALIT INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
AHMEDABAD CITY
GUJARAT STATE
INDIA
TOWARDS PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF SEMESTER 6 REQUIREMENTS FOR

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEGREE
SUBMITTED BY
GROUP NUMBER 11
SR. NO. ROLL NO. NAME OF THE STUDENTS
1 23 DEEP BHUPENDRA BHAI DALWADI
2 82 PRUTHVI DIPESH KUMAR PANWALA
3 89 DHRUVESHA DHARMENDRA KUMAR PATEL
4 91 ISHANI HIMMAT BHAI PATEL
5 107 RITHIK SURENDER KUMAR MEHANDIRATTA
6 126 VATSAL NITIN KUMAR SHAH
7 129 KHUSHI CHANDRAKANT SHARMA
8 132 ANKITA LALBHIBHARI SINGH
9 134 RIDDHI MANISHKUMAR SOMANI
10 144 SAPNA MUKESH BHAI TIWARI
SUBMITTED ON
10TH APRIL, 2021
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this project report entitled ‘A STUDY OF HEALTHY LIVING
PRACTICES AMONG THE YOUTH OF SELECTED CITIES OF GUJARAT STATE’ is a
bonafide work of the undersigned group of students, from Som-Lalit Institute of Business
Administration, affiliated to the Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat State, India. This
work is submitted as a semester 6 requirement for partial fulfilment of Bachelor of Business
Administration (B.B.A) degree from the Gujarat University.
SR. NO. ROLL NO. NAME OF THE STUDENT

1 23 DEEP BHUPENDRA BHAI DALWADI
2 82 PRUTHVI DIPESH KUMAR PANWALA
3 89 DHRUVESHA DHARMENDRA KUMAR PATEL
4 91 ISHANI HIMMAT BHAI PATEL
5 107 RITHIK SURENDER KUMAR MEHANDIRATTA
6 126 VATSAL NITIN KUMAR SHAH
7 129 KHUSHI CHANDRAKANT SHARMA
8 132 ANKITA LALBHIBHARI SINGH
9 134 RIDDHI MANISHKUMAR SOMANI
10 144 SAPNA MUKESH BHAI TIWARI
_____________ _____________ _____________

PRIN. K.J. PATEL EXTERNAL DR. DEEPAL JOSHI
(I/C DIRECTOR) ( EVALUATOR ) (PROJECT GUIDE)
10TH APRIL, 2021
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ACKNOWLEDEGEMENT
“No research without action, No action without research”- Kurt Lewin

“Research means that you don’t know, but are willing to find out”-Charles F. Kettering
Research is deep-diving into the unknown and trying to seek answers. This project report is a
culmination of the research idea of our group. The successful completion of this project
report would not have been possible without the sincere efforts and genuine support of many.
We take this opportunity to express our deepest gratitude towards Gujarat University for
incorporating a practical studies subject in our curriculum of semester 6 BBA course. We are
deeply thankful to our institute –Som-Lalit Institute of Business Administration (SLIBA) for
giving us an opportunity to undertake this work. We are indebted to our institute director-
Prin. K. J. Patel sir for inculcating a sense of discipline and hard work among all of us.
We feel a deep sense of obligation towards our project guide- Dr. Deepal Joshi, who has been
a mentor in true sense. She guided us through the various steps of this research right from
problem definition, designing research, collecting secondary and primary data to analysis of
the data and deriving conclusion from our work.
We are highly thankful to the various organisations Wikipedia, World Economic Forum
whose information we have used as secondary data. We are extremely grateful to our
respondents who spared their and energy to provide us with invaluable primary data for our
research. Technology is a huge enable and facilitator for research. We give immense credit to
technology for its guidance and assistance in our research. We are also thankful to our group
members and all friends who directly or indirectly helped us with this mammoth work.
MEMBERS OF GROUP NUMBER 11

SLIBA SEMETER 6
10TH APRIL, 2021
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PREFACE
The business world is changing fast and evolving rapidly. The business environment is
characterised as ‘VUCA’ – Volatile, Uncertain, Complex and Ambiguous. Change will be the
only constant in this new business environment. As students of business management, we all
will need to learn and adapt to these changes for sustainability and growth in future. To meet
such upcoming challenges, the Gujarat University Bachelor in business administration course
has introduced practical studies and research as a part of semester 6 curriculum. In
accordance with that requirement, we have prepared and submitted this report.
Youth is the rich resource of our country and the well-being of health of our youth is and
should be the main priority. The research is done in order to know the health statistics and the
direction of youth towards healthy living. Youth needs extra nutrients to support bone
growth, hormonal changes and organ and tissue development including the brain; Healthy
eating habits and physical activity can help lower the risk of obesity which ultimately results
into better productivity and efficiency of working of youth. Hence the research can provide
insights about the habits of youth and also suggest the direction in which the youth should
live a healthy life.
During the first and second year, we learnt the practical business aspects through industrial
visits, preparation of project report and viva-voce. That exercise was solo for each student.
However, in the third year, we take up research projects as group of 10 students each.
Therefore, this project is a learning on team work, communication, positive and negative
group dynamics as well.
‘The only source of knowledge is experience’, says Albert Einstein. A research is never the
end of work, it is just the beginning. We are sure this first research experience will help us
undertake many more research projects in future- to contribute and add value to the body of
existing knowledge and systems. We hope and pray to enrich our lives of everyone around us
– our family, friends, society, country and the world at large, with our on-going research
inclinations.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter Chapter Title Page
Number Number
1 Introduction 5-23
1.1 Definition of Youth 6
1.2 Demographics 6-7
1.3 Issue for the Young Generation 7-10
1.4 Meaning of Healthy Living 10-13
1.5 Lifestyle Situation 13-17
1.6 Statistics of Lifestyle Disease and Mental Illness 17-21
1.7 Comparison of Data of Different Nations 22-28
2 Research Methodology 29-31
2.1 Objectives of the study 30
2.2 Sources of Data 30
2.2.1 Secondary Data 30
2.2.2 Primary Data 30
2.3 Sampling Method 31
2.4 Sample Size 31
2.5 Limitations of the study 31
3 Analysis and Findings 32-93
4 Recommendations and Conclusion 94-96
4.1 Recommendations 95-96
4.2 Conclusion 96
5 Bibliography and References 97-98
6 Annexures 99-128
6.1 Annexure-1 A copy of questionnaire 100-109
6.2 Annexure-2 Tables of graphs given in chapter-3 110-130
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CHAPTER-1:
INTRODUCTION
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1.1 DEFINITION OF YOUTH
In general, Youth is the time of life when one is young, and often means the time between
childhood and adulthood (maturity). YOUTH is best understood as a period of transition from
the dependence of childhood to adulthood’s independence. That’s why, as a category, youth
is more fluid than other fixed age-groups. Yet, age is the easiest way to define this group.
1.1.1 Definition of Youth by UNESCO:
“The UN, for statistical consistency across regions, defines ‘youth’, as those persons between
the ages of 15 and 24 years, without prejudice to other definitions by members states. “All
UN statistics on youth are based on this definition, as illustrated by the annual yearbooks of
statistics published by the United Nations system on demography, education, employment,
and health.
1.1.2 As per National Youth Policy:

The National Youth Policy initially (in 2003) defined the youth as in the age group 13-35.
However, National Youth Policy, 2014 modified it and defined ‘youth’ as persons in the age-
group of 15-29 years. In the present report, we have adopted 15-34 years as youth as adopted
in the earlier report in order to show trend and changes over long period of time.
1.2 DEMOGRAPHICS
As per India's Census 2011, Youth (15-24 years) in India constitutes one-fifth (19.1%)
of India's total population. India is expected to have 34.33% share of youth in
total population by 2020.
The growth pattern in the youth segment differs substantially from that of general population.
The total youth population increased from 168 million in 1971 to 423 million in 2011. This
increase was in the form of annual addition of roughly 5.3, 6 and 6.6 million during seventies,
eighties and nineties respectively. During the period 2001 to 2011, addition is substantially
high at 7.4 million. The share of youth population in total population has been increasing
continuously from the level of 30.6% in the year 1971 to 34.8% in the year 2011.
Every third person in an Indian city today is a youth. In about seven years, the median
individual in India will be 29 years, very likely a city-dweller, making it the youngest country
in the world.
These are some of the findings of the ‘State of the Urban Youth, India 2012: Employment,
Livelihoods, Skills,’ a report published by IRIS Knowledge Foundation in collaboration with
UN-HABITAT.
The report traces the incredible rise and the eventual decline of this cohort in India. The
population in the age-group of 15-34 increased from 353 million in 2001 to 430 million in
2011. Current predictions suggest a steady increase in the youth population to 464 million by
2021 and finally a decline to 458 million by 2026. By 2020, India is set to become the
world’s youngest country with 64 per cent of its population in the working age group while
the average age of Indians in 2020 will be 29 compared to 37 in China, said chairman of
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), Dr Harsh Kumar
Bhanwala.
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But the report suggests urban spaces have not necessarily aided the quality of life enjoyed by
Indian youth. More than half of young urban women are anaemic, pointing to inadequate
food and nutrition. The report finds that a person in an urban area has a 93 per cent greater
chance of acquiring training than someone in a rural area.
1.2.1 Employment and Unemployment Rate in India

Predicting a grim picture of India’s employment scenario, a report jointly prepared by the
Asian Development Bank (ADB) and International Labour Organization (ILO) has estimated
that the youth unemployment rate of the country is likely to be at 32.5 per cent in case the
spread of coronavirus is contained within six months of the start of the rigorous containment
measures.
Further, the report titled “Tackling the COVID-19 Youth Employment Crisis in Asia and the
Pacific” said that the youth unemployment rate would have stood at 29.5 per cent in case
containment was achieved in three months. The rate in 2019 stood at 23.3 per cent. As per the
report, over 61.13 lakh Indian youth are expected to lose their jobs during the year in case the
spread is contained within six months, while the total job loss of youth in the country would
have stood at 40.84 lakh if it would have been controlled in three months’ time. “In the six-
month scenario, job losses for youth may equal 6.1 million in India, followed by Pakistan
with 2.3 million,” it said. Interestingly, the survey found that the youth are expected to lose
employment at a faster rate than adults which will affect the youth resulting in fatigue and
other health issues.
India's Demographic Dividend: 64.4% Youth, 27.3% Children In 2015. in 2015, according to
data from the sample registration survey of India. The population growth rate is 1.13%,
ranking 112th in the world in 2017. India has more than 50% of its population below the age
of 25 and more than 65% below the age of 35. People under the age of 25 years constitute
46.9% of the country's population, said recently released Sample Registration System 2018,
prepared by the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Statistics represents the
population of children and young adults across India in 2016, broken down by age groups.
The population for 16 to 17 years old during the measured time period was approximately 44
million, while young adults between 18 and 23 years old accounted for the largest numbers in
this category.
India has more than 50% of its population below the age of 25 and more than 65% below the
age of 35. It was expected that, in 2020, the average age of an Indian would be 29 years,
compared to 37 for China and 48 for Japan; and, by 2030, India's dependency ratio should be
just over 0.4.
1.3 ISSUES FOR THE YOUNG GENERATION

Nearly 10-30 per cent of young people suffer from health impacting behaviours and
conditions that need urgent attention of policy makers and public health
professionals. Multiple behaviours and conditions often coexist in the same individual
adding a cumulative risk for their poor health. The behavioural patterns established during
this developmental phase determine their current health status and the risk for developing
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some chronic diseases in later years. The present review focuses on the health behaviours and
problems affecting young people in the age group of 10-30 year in India.
1.3.1 Health and Other Problems of Young People

1.3.1.1 Under Nutrition and Micronutrient Deficiencies
Many boys and girls in developing countries enter adolescence undernourished, making them
more vulnerable to disease and early death. The number of adolescents who are overweight
or obese is increasing in both low- and high-income countries.
1.3.1.2 Overweight and Obesity
Conversely, overweight and obesity - another form of malnutrition with serious health
consequences is increasing among other young people in India and other Low Middle Income
Countries. There is also a challenge of nutritional transition as Indians are moving away from
traditional diets high in cereal and fibre to more western pattern diets high in sugars, fat, and
animal-source food (fast food culture).
1.3.1.3 High Risk Sexual Behaviour
High-risk sexual behaviour is a broad term covering early sexual activity especially before 18
years of age and includes unprotected intercourse, single-partner (monogamous) relationship,
unprotected mouth-to-genital contact except in a long-term monogamous relationship, having
multiple sex partners, having a high-risk partner (one who has multiple sex partners or other
risk factors), exchange of sex (sex work) for drugs or money, and having sex with a partner
who injects or has ever injected drugs. It is a known risk factor that puts individuals at risk
for contracting HIV/AIDS and a range of other sexually transmitted diseases like gonorrhoea,
herpes, genital warts, Chlamydia, syphilis, trichomoniasis, etc.
1.3.1.4 Common Mental Disorders
At least 20 per cent of young people are likely to experience some form of mental illness -
such as depression, mood disturbances, substance abuse, suicidal behaviour, eating disorders
and others. Young aspirants face difficulty in getting jobs in spite of being qualified leading
to mental disorders.
1.3.1.5 Stress
Stress is a consequence of a general response to an action or situation arising from an
interaction of the person with his environment and physical or psychological demands, or
both, on a person. The physical or psychological demands from the environment that cause
stress, commonly known as stressors and the individual reaction to them take various forms
and depends on several intrinsic and/or extrinsic factors. Significant difficulties have been
experienced in quantifying and qualifying stress.
1.3.1.6 Violence
Violence is a leading cause of death. An estimated 180 adolescents die every day as a result
of interpersonal violence. Around 1 of every 3 deaths among adolescent males in the low-
and middle-income countries in the WHO Americas Region is due to violence. Globally,
some 30% of girls aged 15 to 19 experience violence by a partner. Promoting nurturing
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relationships between parents and children early in life, providing training in life skills, and
reducing access to alcohol and firearms can help to prevent violence. Effective and
empathetic care for adolescent survivors of violence and ongoing support can help deal with
the physical and the psychological consequences.
1.3.1.7 Social Media
Social media can have a negative impact on friendships and is changing the way teens date. It
can even impact their mental health, no matter what precautions you take, teens are still
likely. To be exposed to unsavory people, unhealthy images, and sexual content online.
1.3.1.8 Money
Money is a common concern for young adults throughout history, and this generation is no
exception. The result is that teens in high school worry about how to pay for college, college
students find that not only do they need to work while attending school, but that their wages
don’t keep up with their expenses, and young adults entering the workforce worry that they’ll
need to move back in with their parents if they want to pay their bills and keep up with their
student loans. Self-Esteem, mental disorder are the examples of health issues of youth.
1.3.1.9 Parental Pressure

Even with both the parents at home, parental pressure can make the environment toxic for
teens. Most successful parents put great pressure on youngsters related to their academic
careers. Also, parents in more sophisticated professions can ridicule the idea of their kid
taking interest in arts or music as a profession. The constant suppression of desires can take a
nasty turn for our youth and can kill their self-confidence for life. Sleep deprivation, eating
disorders, cheating, loss of interest in hobbies. Some children are not well connected to their
parents and hence face issue sharing their problems to them and get stressed out resulting
health issues.
1.3.1.10 Internet Addiction and Online Gaming
Younger generations such as teenagers, unlike their parents’ generations, generally socialize,
hang out, communicate, and share pictures and videos online rather than in person. These
days millions of young people play Pokémon all around the world. While getting the young
people out of their home and have them meet array of people and places, it also raised some
security and safety concerns.
Some young people, primarily teenagers, spend too much time in front of a computer screen.
Some spend up to 20 hours a day, seven days a week. Spending countless hours, a day, every
day, on gaming. like young parents, older digital immigrant parents' concerns regarding the
digital native's use of online technology are often rooted in misunderstanding, ignorance, and
unfounded fears. It is important for parents to realize that when your children are online, they
are generally not passively watching the screen like watching TV. They are engaged in social
networking, gaming, posting videos and pictures, texting, etc.
1.3.1.11 Online Bullying and Bullying at School
Bullying is an ongoing pattern of harassment and abuse. Bullying can have many different
forms. It can be online (cyber bullying), directly in-person through physical or verbal attacks
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or indirectly through exclusion, spreading rumors, etc. Cyber bullying or online bullying is a
serious problem that is growing among pre-teens, teenagers, and college-aged students.
Girls are more likely than boys to be cyber bullies due to the verbal non-physical nature of
online communication. Cyber bullying can be a more serious problem than direct in-person
bullying or school bullying because the online bullies do not have a reality check or
feedbackk
LGBTQI lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning and intersex youth are particularly
vulnerable to bullying both online and offline. Low self-esteem. Insomnia and poor
performance in school or at work, social isolation is due to Cyber bullying and bullying at the
school. Cyber bullying can lead to the suicide of those victims being bullied.
1.4 MEANING OF HEALTHY LIVING

When people meet someone, who looks good and seems very energetic for his/her age, they
often say, "It must be because of all that healthy living." There may be some truth to that
observation. Practicing healthy living generally makes people feel good and have more
energy than people who do not practice healthy habits. Do people who practice healthy living
actually look younger than their age - who knows? However, it is clear that healthy living
habits do bring benefits for one's health
A healthy lifestyle is one which helps to keep and improve people's health and well-being.
Many governments and non-governmental organizations work at promoting healthy
lifestyles. They measure the benefits with critical health numbers, including weight, blood
sugar, blood pressure, and blood cholesterol. Healthy living is a lifelong effect. Being healthy
includes healthy eating, physical activities, weight management, and stress management.
Good health allows people to do many things.
A healthy lifestyle also incorporates a balanced diet. This does not mean cutting out
important food groups of your diet or limiting yourself on the number of calories per day. A
well-rounded diet involves employing mostly all of the food groups into every meal. Meats,
dairy, fruits and vegetables are all important components of a meal that will ensure your body
is full while still staying healthy.
In our busy, modern society, healthy living is frequently overlooked. We all know good
health has a ripple effect onto other areas of our lives so why aren’t more of us making it our
greatest priority? Unfortunately, when looking at the facts, healthy living in a modern society
is plagued with barriers.
There seems to be a jumbled perspective of priority when it comes to exercising. Work
pressures and social stress often take precedence, and gym sessions are the first to be
eliminated from diaries. Additionally, overly convenient ‘C.R.A.P’ (Carbonated, Refined,
Artificial and Processed) foods leave us overfed, starved of true nourishment and in less than
optimum health.
There is hope. As a nation we are fortunately becoming more exposed to new and exciting
fitness methods that are not only proven to boost our health but also fit around our busy lives.
They are inclusive and un-intimidating. When people meet someone, who looks good and
seems very energetic for his/her age, they often say, "It must be because of all that healthy
living." There may be some truth to that observation. Practicing healthy living generally
makes people feel good and have more energy than people who do not practice healthy
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habits. Do people who practice healthy living actually look younger than their age - who
knows? However, it is clear that healthy living habits do bring benefits for one's health.
At a population level, healthy living refers to the practices of population groups that are
consistent with supporting, improving, maintaining and/or enhancing health. As it applies to
individuals, healthy living is the practice of health enhancing behaviours, or put simply,
living in healthy ways. It implies the physical, mental and spiritual capacity to make healthy
choices.
1.4.1 Constituents of Healthy Living
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity. Healthy living is all about maintaining a healthy lifestyle and
introducing habits that improves your health. But we are distracted by our old habits. Healthy
living is not just healthy eating or only exercise, it is more than just good food and exercise.
A person is healthy when his both physical and mental condition are balance and in sound
condition. There are mainly three constituent or key element of healthy living: -
1. Good diet,
2. Exercise and meditation, and
3. Mental health {active social life, emotion, surrounding, sleeping pattern, etc.}
1.4.1.1 Good Diet
A balanced diet is a healthy diet. To be able to function properly, our body needs all the
nutrients that come from foods, that is proteins, carbohydrates (sugar) and fats, plus vitamins
and minerals.
Here are some of the components of a healthy diet:
1) Polyunsaturated fats
2) High-quality protein
3) Fruits low in sugar
4) Green vegetables
5) Foods’s rich in fiber
6) Supplements
To help maintain a healthy weight and have the best chance to stay in good health, balance is
key.
A balanced diet is pleasure. Pleasure and variety are important in a balanced diet. Fatty and
sweet foods are usually the most delicious and can be part of a balanced diet if eaten in
moderation.
A balanced diet should bring us our body needs, no more, no less, but it must not be strictly
followed every day; equilibrium can be achieved over several days.
1.4.1.1 Benefits
Healthy eating increases energy, improves the way your body functions, strengthens your
immune system and prevents weight gain.
Prevent and treat certain diseases.
Healthful eating can prevent the risk of developing certain diseases such as diabetes, cancer
and heart disease.
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It is also helpful in treating diabetes and high blood pressure.
1.4.1.2 Intermittent fasting
Now a day’s people think of diet as eating less and cut calories and performing intermittent
fasting without knowing how to do it properly. Some have wrong thinking of intermittent
dieting, and make fasting for 12 to 16 hours of nonstop dieting and eat heavy fusion food in
left hours, plus there is need of exercise in day-to-day life while performing intermittent
fasting and most people avoid this important part. This type of fasting is for long term and not
for short term, and it can give you good result in long term like better physical and mental
growth. So, basically good diet includes healthy food, proper exercise and day to day fasting.
This improves persons immunity, physical and mental strength.
1.4.2 Exercise and Meditation

1.4.2.1 Exercise Meaning and Its Types
Repeatedly moving human body to make it stronger or better at doing something is consider
as physical exercise. There is different form of physical exercise used by different people of
different profession to make their physical health, like
Flexibility exercise: - it helps the human body to be able to reach further and bend better. It
is good for sports person and other mainly for dancers.
Aerobic exercise: - it helps the body to work hard for a long time. It can help house wife as
very good physical activity to increase their strength, it is also useful for people who have
white collar job and don’t move there body repeatedly.
Anaerobic exercise: - it is useful for people who want to increase their muscle power. These
types of exercise are used by athletes and other sports people.
Exercise is important for physical therapy, weight and sports performance.
1.4.2.2 Benefits of Exercise
People who exercise regularly have a lower risk of developing many long-term (chronic)
conditions, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, stroke, and some cancers. Research shows
that physical activity can also boost self-esteem, mood, sleep quality and energy, as well as
reducing your risk of stress, depression, dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
1.4.2.3 Meditation Benefits:
Exercise is best for physical health but for mental health meditation is excellent. Meditation
can give you a sense of calm, peace and balance that can benefit both your emotional well-
being and your overall health. And these benefits don't end when your meditation session
ends. Meditation can help carry you more calmly through your day and may help you manage
symptoms of certain medical conditions. It also helps controlling problem like anxiety, age-
related problems, it also makes you kind in nature, etc. Yoga and yogasanas are best
meditations you can perform in your day-to-day life. Yoga like “SUN-SALUTATION” or
“SURYANAMASKER” it helps to balance body and soul. Yogasanas are best for mental
health and it also reduce pain and problems of your body. Ushtrasana Yogasanas helps to
relaxed your spinal cord and release stress from body.
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1.4.3 Mental Health
Mental health helps you enjoy life and cope with problems. It offers a feeling of well-being
and inner strength. Healthy diet and physical exercise are needed for mental health but factors
like:
Social life effect: - Being connected is a big part of our lives. But if you’re seeing stuff
online which makes you feel angry, sad, worried, stressed, or annoyed, this can build up and
start having a negative impact on your life. It’s not always easy to tell why you’re feeling
down when you’re online. Take some time to go through your social media feed to work out
what’s making you feel good, and what’s not.
Emotion’s effect: - Emotions that are freely experienced and expressed without judgment or
attachment tend to flow fluidly without impacting our health. On the other hand, repressed
emotions can zap mental energy, negatively affect the body, and lead to health problems.
Physical environment: - Physical environmental factors are ‘hard’ factors which come from
things like noise, temperatures, pollutants and so on. Factors like, Sleep deprivation,
Hazardous working conditions, Smoking, can really damage your mental peace so it is
necessary to undertake this factor seriously and try to avoid it.
Sleeping: - Lack of sleep is linked to a number of unfavorable health consequences including
heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and depression. Some psychiatric conditions can cause sleep
problems, and sleep disturbances can also exacerbate the symptoms of many mental
conditions including depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. Research suggests that the
relationship between sleep and mental health is complex. In other words, sleep problems can
lead to changes in mental health, but mental health conditions can also worsen problems with
sleep. Lack of sleep can cause stress, depression, anxiety, and many other problems. Mental
illnesses affect 19% of the adult population, 46% of teenagers and 13% of children each year.
There for it is necessary to be aware of this symptom and pay attention to them.
Fun: No one can enjoy a healthy lifestyle without a serious dose of fun. Recreational
activities, social encounters and personal connections are critical to overall wellbeing. Bad
breath can inhibit self-confidence and negatively impact personal and professional
interactions. Also playing fun games, sports, painting, dance hobbies can be pursued to have
fun and have a happy healthy life style.
1.5 LIFESTYLE SITUATION

1.5.1 Meaning of Lifestyle
Lifestyle is the interests, opinions, behaviours, and behavioural orientations of an individual,
group, or culture. The broader sense of lifestyle is "way or style of living". Lifestyle is a
combination of determining intangible or tangible factors.
1.5.2 Alcohol
As many as 75 per cent youngsters in India, covered under a multi-city survey, revealed that
they consumed alcoholic drinks before turning 21, the legal age for drinking.Almost 88 per
cent youth tried some of the other addiction between 16 and 18 years of age.
Easy availability of liquor, access to alcohol at home, curiosity, peer pressure and its
association with a certain kind of lifestyle have contributed to this shift in drinking patterns.
According to Dr Rajesh Kumar, who has been running SPYM, a de-addiction centre in Delhi,
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more teenagers are now consuming alcohol and reasons are still the same — peer-pressure
and the need to fit in a group. ‘Try at least once’ is how it starts for many teenagers, he says.
Mumbai-based psychiatrist Dr Avinash De Sousa believes that alcohol is often taken as a
status symbol. He says, “For boys, it’s about their ability to withstand the amount of liquor.”
65.3% of men compared to 57.1% of women reported some current alcohol use.
Approximately 60.8% of men and 47.9% of women aged 26 years or older endorsed
current drinking.
1.5.2.1 Why Do Some Adolescents Drink?
 Risk-Taking
 Expectancies
 Sensitivity and Tolerance to Alcohol
 Personality Characteristics and Psychiatric Comorbidity
 Hereditary Factors
 Environmental Aspects
1.5.2.2 Consequences of Teenage Alcohol Consumption:

1) Drinking alcohol can lead to promiscuous behaviour
2) There’s a heightened risk of alcoholism later in life
3) Violent behaviours can be common
4) Alcohol can mask other issues
5) You’re more likely to drink and drive
6) Alcohol can impact your brain’s development
7) Teens who drink are more likely to commit suicide
8) Experimenting with other drugs is more likely
1.5.2.3 The Signs of Teenage Alcohol Abuse
1) An increased (and unusual) need for privacy

2) Weight loss and poor hygiene
3) Coming home smelling like alcohol
4) Engaging in extremely risky behaviours
5) Lack of interest in things like school, sports, and hobbies
6) An unusual defiance of authority
7) Withdrawing from friends and family
1.5.3 Smoking
Peer pressure—their friends encourage them to try cigarettes and to keep smoking. They
see smoking as a way of rebelling and showing independence. They think that everyone else
is smoking and that they should, too. Among youth (ages 13-15), 14.6% currently use some
form of tobacco (boys 19.0%; girls 8.3%) and 4.4% smoke cigarettes and 12.5% use other
tobacco products. It was found that 68.5% smokers had the opinion that smoking made them
feel comfortable in social gatherings, whereas only 8.9% non-smokers felt the same and this
14
was found to be highly significant (P < 0.001). This reflects the importance of social
influence and enabling environment, in particular peer pressure, on the smoking habits of the
young people. Smokers are mostly aware of the adverse health consequences of their habit.
They seem to ignore the risk, which is best explained as a result of behaviourally induced
dissonance, a psychologically unacceptable inconsistency between belief and behaviour.
It was found that the most common reason for initiating smoking among the youth was
influence of friends (86.8%) followed by curiosity, whereas the most common reason for
maintenance of smoking among youth was tension (64.8%) followed by fear of withdrawal
symptoms (46%). Smoking can affect sexual health in both men and women. Girls who
smoke and are on hormone-based birth control methods like the Pill, the patch, or the
ring have a higher risk of serious health problems, like heart attacks. And if a woman wants
to get pregnant, smoking can make that harder.
1.5.3.1 Secondhand Smoke: Dangers
Second hand smoke is what you inhale accidentally (called passive smoking) when you are
near sources of tobacco smoke. For example, at parties or public gatherings, you might
mingle with people who smoke. You may not feel any changes, but breathing second hand
smoke can affect your health.
All smoke from burning nicotine products contains harmful chemicals (toxins). Even non-
smokers inhaling other people’s smoke breathe in these toxins. Side stream smoke from the
end of a cigarette, cigar or pipe is unfiltered. It has more harmful toxins than mainstream
smoke that someone breathes out.
1.5.3.2 Health Effects of Smoking
Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes, and chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Smoking
also increases risk for tuberculosis, certain eye diseases, and problems of the immune system,
including rheumatoid arthritis.
1.5.4 Drugs
A recent government study suggests that more than 860,000 young men in the state, between
the ages of 15-35, take some form of drugs. Heroin is the most preferred, used by 53% of all
addicts. But opium and synthetic drugs such as crystal methamphetamine are also common.
Drug use can be part of a pattern of risky behaviour including unsafe sex, driving while
intoxicated, or other hazardous, unsupervised activities. And in cases when a teen does
develop:
1) School failure
2) Problems with family and other relationships
3) Pattern of repeated use, it can pose serious social and health risks, including loss of
interest in normal healthy activities
4) Impaired memory
5) Increased risk of contracting an infectious disease (like HIV or hepatitis C) via risky
sexual behaviour or sharing contaminated injection equipment
6) Mental health problems—including substance use disorders of varying severity
7) The very real risk of overdose death
15
1.5.5 Addiction to Screen
The problem of screen and internet addiction is rampant and deep in India with effects
showing up in road deaths because someone was glued to his or her phone. Phone leading
attention deficits among school students leading to poor grades and poor eyesight. Or,
triggering mental disorders that affect relationships at home and work.
Internet Addiction phenomenon based on the particular application that acts as a trigger for
excessive Internet use leading poor healthy and major health risks.
1) Cyber-sexual Addiction: Addicted individuals are engaged in viewing, downloading and

trading online pornography leading to distraction and fatigue due to distraction.
2) Cyber-relational Addiction: These people are overly involved in online relationship (chat-
rooms, social networks) and consider them more important than real relationships instead
of marital discord and family instability which leads to stress in later period bringing
family issues.
3) Net compulsions: These people are involved with online gambling, shopping and trading
activities which can ruin ones’ financial condition leading to stress and poor living style.
4) Information overload: Under this excessive web surfing for information and database
search falls leads to fatigue and boredom causing stress.
5) Computer Addiction: Individuals are overly engaged in pre-programmed games installed
in computer causing distraction from goals and healthy living methods resulting in poor
health.
1.5.5.1 The Effects of Screen Addiction

We know that too much screen time can affect sleep habits, but research suggests that it can
also impact our social skills, emotional development and even restructure our brain.
Screen use releases dopamine in the brain, which can negatively affect impulse control. Dr.
Lorenz says studies have shown screen time affects the frontal cortex of the brain, similar to
the effect of cocaine. Similar to drugs, screen time sets off a pleasure/reward cycle that can
have a negative impact of your life.
1.5.5.2 GAME ADDICTION
Internet gaming disorder is an addiction to excessive mobile, pc or console gaming. Popular
games such as Pub-G, Candy Crush, and Fortnite have gotten teenagers and adults equally
addicted on their electronic devices and an average gamer in India spends about 4-5 hours of
his day on gaming. Most of the negative effects of video games arise from excessive
use and addiction. Here are ten negative effects of video games:
1) Dopamine addiction
2) Reduction in Motivation
3) Alexithymia and emotional suppression
4) Repetitive stress injuries and other health risks
5) Poor mental health
6) Relationship issues
7) Social disconnection
8) Exposure to toxic gaming environments
9) Poor academic or professional performance
10) Escapism and getting stuck in life
16
Most dangerous game which India banned is BLUE WHALE. Blue Whale Challenge suicide
danger HIGHEST in India!
(Rediffmail)
1.5.5.3 Social Media Addiction
Social media is a big part of many teens' lives. A 2018 Pew Research Centre survey of nearly
750 13- to 17-year-olds found that 45% are online almost constantly and 97% use a social
media platform, such as YouTube, Facebook, Instagram or Snapchat. Many experts believe
that the constant overstimulation of social networking shifts the nervous system into fight-or-
flight mode. As a result, this makes disorders such as ADHD, teen depression, oppositional
defiant disorder, and teen anxiety worse.
1.6 STATISTICS ON LIFESTYLE DISEASES AND MENTAL ILLNESS

AMONG YOUNG.
1.6.1 Meaning
 Lifestyle diseases are defined as diseases linked with, and often caused by the way people
live their life. These are non-communicable diseases.
 Lifestyle diseases are commonly caused by lack of physical activity, unhealthy eating,
alcohol, drugs and smoking, which lead to heart disease, stroke, obesity, type II diabetes
and Lung CANCER.
1.6.2 Causes of Diseases

 Diet and lifestyle are major factors thought to influence susceptibility to many diseases.
 Drug abuse, tobacco smoking, and alcohol drinking, as well as a lack of or too much
exercise may also increase the risk of developing certain diseases, especially later in life.
1.6.3 Death Statistics in India

 According to a report published by ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research) in 2017,
3 of the 5 leading individual causes of disease burden in India were non-communicable,
with ischaemic heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as the top two
causes and stroke as the fifth leading cause.
17
 The range of disease burden or DALY rate among the states in 2016 was 9-fold for
ischaemic heart disease, 4-fold for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 6-fold for
stroke, and 4-fold for diabetes across India.
 Of the total death from major disease groups, 61% of all deaths were caused by non-
communicable diseases.
 The WHO has identified the major risk factors for NCDs; it is still coy in calling out the
real enemy—foods that are high in salt, sugar, fat and low in nutrition.
(Wikipedia)
1.6.4 Mental Illness Among Young

Mental illness, also called mental health disorders, refers to a wide range of mental health
conditions — disorders that affect your mood, thinking and behaviour. Examples of mental
illness include depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, eating disorders and addictive
behaviours. Mental illness is common. About 1 in 5 adults has a mental illness in any given
year. Mental illness can begin at any age, from childhood through later adult years, but most
cases begin earlier in life.
1.6.4.1 Symptoms
 Signs and symptoms of mental illness can vary, depending on the disorder, circumstances
and other factors.
 Mental illness symptoms can affect emotions, thoughts and behaviours.
India is facing a serious mental health crisis, with an estimated 56 million people suffering
from depression and 38 million from anxiety disorders, according to a report by the World
Health Organisation. Mental distress is believed to be a key reason why one student commits
suicide every hour in the country.
Examples of signs and symptoms include:
1. Feeling sad or down
2. Confused thinking or reduced ability to concentrate
3. Excessive fears or worries, or extreme feelings of guilt
4. Extreme mood changes of highs and lows
18
5. Withdrawal from friends and activities
6. Significant tiredness, low energy or problems sleeping
7. Detachment from reality (delusions), paranoia or hallucinations
8. Inability to cope with daily problems or stress
9. Trouble understanding and relating to situations and to people
10. Problems with alcohol or drug use
11. Major changes in eating habits
12. Sex drive changes
13. Excessive anger, hostility or violence
14. Suicidal thinking
The Foundation commissioned How India Perceives Mental Health: TLLLF National Survey
Report 2018 to help gauge India’s mental health landscape with the objective of exploring
perceptions surrounding mental health and mental illness in India. The study further explores
the level of sensitivity, attitudes towards mental health, and the level of stigma associated it.
The study took place across eight cities in India over a span of 5 five months and involved
3,556 respondents. Support, judgement, fear-The study revealed three broad segments of
people based on their attitudes towards mental illness.
(World Economic Forum)
1.6.5 People’s understanding of mental health

The study showed that while 87% of the respondents showed some awareness of mental
illness, 71% also used terms associated with stigma.
19
(World Economic Forum)
This shows that stigma and awareness are two separate issues although interlinked. They
need to be addressed in parallel in order to tackle the burden of mental illness in India. If
individuals continue to view mental illness with apprehension and resistance, it will remain
difficult for people with mental health concerns to seek the support they require due to the
fear of being labelled or judged.
1.6.5.1 People's attitudes towards those affected
(World economic forum)
20
1.6.5.3 Prevention
There's no sure way to prevent mental illness. However, if you have a mental illness, taking
steps to control stress, to increase your resilience and to boost low self-esteem may help keep
your symptoms under control. Follow these steps:
1.6.5.3.1 Pay attention to warning sign

 Work with your doctor or therapist to learn what might trigger your symptoms. Make a
plan so that you know what to do if symptoms return.
 Contact your doctor or therapist if you notice any changes in symptoms or how you feel.
Consider involving family members or friends to watch for warning signs.
1.6.5.3.2 Get routine medical care

 Don't neglect check-ups or skip visits to your primary care provider, especially if you
aren't feeling well.
 You may have a new health problem that needs to be treated, or you may be experiencing
side effects of medication.
1.6.5.3.3 Get help when you need it
 Mental health conditions can be harder to treat if you wait until symptoms get bad.
 Long-term maintenance treatment also may help prevent a relapse of symptoms.
21
1.7 COMPARISON OF DATA OF DIFFERENT NATIONS
Africa Australia USA UK UAE
Population 226 million 3.1 million 21.05 million 11.7 million 1.21 million
of youth
Leading Drug and allergic rhinitis Accidents sexually transmitted Road traffic
causes of substance (hay fever) infections injuries
mortality abuse
Homicide
Accidents Smoking Suicide
Accidents
Suicide
Suicide Suicide Leukaemia
STDs
Cancer
Respiratory
infections
Physical  The large  (67%) of children Less than one- Approximately 70% 20 to 35% boys
activity and majority of aged 0–14 quarter (24%) of of these adolescents and 10 to 23%
nutrition males (82%) participated in youth participate in (81% of girls and of girls met the
and all organised physical 60 minutes 56% of boys) were recommended
females were activities outside of of physical not meeting PA daily minimums
not meeting school hours at activity every day guidelines of 60
PA guidelines least once a min/day
of 60 min/day fortnight.
Tobacco Eighteen 39% of young Almost 90 percent 20% of the youth 25% of the boys
and alcohol percent of people aged 15–24 of adult daily combined (boys and and more than
use youth (21% drank alcohol.11% smokers started girls) 10% of the girls
boys, 13% were current daily smoking by the age reporting
girls) smokers of 18, and about current tobacco
currently use 2,000 youth under use
any kind of 18 smoke their first
tobacco cigarette every day
products. in the United
States.
Adolescent In Africa only most sexually 40% of adolescents Under‐18 conception Only 51% of
sexual and 10% of young active students aged 15–19 rate was 38.2 per male college
reproductiv men and 15% reported that they reported ever 1,000 girls aged 15‐ students knew
e health of young had discussed having had penile- 17 that condom
women aged having sex (81%) vaginal intercourse use could
15–24 is and protecting their (commonly referred prevent sexually
aware of their sexual health (77%) to as “sexual transmitted
HIV status prior to sex, and intercourse”), infections and
were using diseases.
condoms (57%)
and/or oral
contraception
(41%)
22
1.7.1 Africa
The World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
define adolescents as persons aged 10-19 years, while youth as those aged 15-24 years.2,3
The youth make up one quarter of the world’s population. There are 1.8 billion young people
aged between 10 and 24 in a world population of 7.3 billion.4 About 226 million youths lived
in Africa in 2015 accounting for 19% of the global youth population and it is estimated that
the number will double by 2045.5 Africa is the world’s youngest and fastest growing
continent.
It is estimated that about 1.2 million adolescents die every year and more than 3,000
adolescents die every day across the world, mostly from preventable or treatable causes, with
most of these deaths occurring in Africa and Southeast Asia.2,5 Mortality for adolescent girls
aged 15–19 is over ten times higher in the African Region than in high-income countries.9
The leading causes of mortality and morbidity among adolescents and youth in Africa, as
well as globally include complications from pregnancy and childbirth, HIV/ AIDS, injuries
for instance due to road traffic accidents, drug and substance abuse, among others.1,2,7
About 70,000 adolescents die annually in developing countries, including in Africa, due to
complications related to pregnancy and childbirth.10 Adolescent birth rate among girls aged
15–19 years is at 44 per 1000 births globally, with country rates ranging from 1 to over 200
births per 1000 girls, and the vast majority of births occurring in the African and Asian
regions.2 The 2016 Lancet Commission reports that about 10–20% of 15–24-year-olds in the
sub-Saharan African region have their first sexual intercourse before the age of 15 years, and
that one in five women in Africa gives birth by the age of 18 years.8 In Tanzania for
example, 58% of 20–24-year-old girls were sexually active before 18 years (14% before 15
years). Furthermore, the Lancet also reported high rates of unmet need for contraception
among young women aged 15–24 across sub-Saharan Africa.
WHO reports that more than 2 million adolescents are currently living with HIV globally
with the majority residing in the African region.2 In 2008, Africa accounted for 83% of
deaths among young people aged 10–24 caused by HIV/ AIDS.9 HIV prevalence among
young people in Africa varies among countries.9 For instance, in Malawi the HIV prevalence
among young people aged 15–24 is about 3%, while in the highly affected countries such as
Botswana, Lesotho, South Africa and Swaziland, the HIV prevalence of young people aged
15–24 varies between 12% and 16%.9 The high burden of HIV among adolescents and youth
in Africa indicates that young people have limited access to care and support they need to
remain in good health and prevent transmission. In sub-Saharan Africa only 10% of young
men and 15% of young women aged 15–24 are aware of their HIV status. Eighteen percent of
youth (21% boys, 13% girls) currently use any kind of tobacco products. Six and a half
percent of youth (9.2% boys, 3.2% girls) currently smoke cigarettes. About 12% of youth
(12.8% boys, 10.1% girls) currently use tobacco products other than cigarettes.
(Africa-Health.com)
23
1.7.2 AUSTRALIA
Australia’s 3.1 million young people aged 15–24 (13% of the Australian population) 57% of
young people were in the normal weight range (with a body mass index of 18.50–24.99), but
22% were classified as overweight and 15% as obese. Just over half (52%) of young people
aged 18–24 was sufficiently active (more than 150 minutes of physical activity over 5 or
more sessions in the previous week). Only 3.3% of young people ate enough fruit and
vegetables according to the Australian Dietary Guidelines (NHRMC 2013)—46% ate the
recommended 2 daily serves of fruit (3 serves for 15–17-year-olds) but only 4.0% had 5
serves of vegetables a day (or 4 serves for 15–17-year-olds).
There were over 80,000 hospitalisations (2,572 per 100,000) of young people due to injury
and poisoning. Rates have changed little since 1993–94 (which were then 2,514 per 100,000).
Males aged 15–24 were 1.9 times as likely as females to be hospitalised for injury/poisoning,
but causes of hospitalised injuries by sex were very different for this age group. The most
common cause of injury/poisoning hospitalisation for females was intentional self-harm (410
per 100,000), which ranked 8th for males (147 per 100,000)—females were 2.8 times as
likely to be hospitalised for self-harm as males aged 15–24. Males were most likely to be
hospitalised for transport accidents (613 per 100,000), and 2.2 times as likely to be
hospitalised for this reason as females. Transport accidents ranked as the 3rd most common
reason for hospitalisations for females (276 per 100,000)
The most common reported long-term conditions in young people were allergic rhinitis (hay
fever) (24%, up from 19% in 2011–12) and short-sightedness/myopia (20%). Food allergies
were reported for the first time, with 8.2% of young people having a food allergy (ABS
2015d). 484 new cases of type 1 diabetes were diagnosed in young people (equivalent to a
rate of 16 cases per 100,000). Rates for this age group have remained relatively stable since
2000. Males were 1.8 times as likely to be newly diagnosed as females.
14% (245,000) of young people aged 12–17 had a mental health disorder in the last 12
months—anxiety was most common (7.0%), followed by Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder (6.3%) and major depressive disorders (5.0%). Just over one-fifth (21%) of all 12–
17-year-olds accessed services for emotional or behavioural problems and almost two-thirds
(65%) of 12–17-year-olds with mental disorders had used these services in the previous 12
months.
39% of young people aged 15–24 drank alcohol at levels that put them at risk of harm (more
than four standard drinks on one occasion, at least once a month)—down from 49% in 2001.
Over one-quarter (27%) had never consumed alcohol—an increase from 16% in 2001. Just
over 1 in 10 (11%) young people were current, daily smokers in 2013. This has almost halved
since 2001 when 21% were daily smokers. The majority of young people have never smoked
(81%).
(Aihw.gov)
24
1.7.3 USA
Of all children age 0-17, 93% had continuous health insurance for at least 12 months in 2015-
2016, while 5% were insured for less than 12 months and 2% had no insurance at all in 2017,
3% (115,100) of New York State children 18 and under were without health insurance.
Through public and private insurance, adolescents have a high rate of coverage (95% for
younger adolescents age 10-14 and 92% for teens age 15-18) Insurance coverage and doctor
visits have increased since implementation of the Affordable Care Act, especially among
minority and low-income youth. 40% of adolescents aged 15–19 reported ever having had
penile-vaginal intercourse (commonly referred to as “sexual intercourse”), 45% had had oral
sex with a different-sex partner and 9% reported ever having had anal sex with a different-sex
partner63% of females and 82% of males aged 15–19 reported having used a condom the first
time they had sexual intercourse. Most adolescents (98%) have a usual source of preventive
care such as a physician, clinic, or HMO [However, many clinicians report feeling ill-
equipped to help youth who are dealing with issues such as substance abuse or pregnancy.
Assurance of confidentiality is especially important to teens, who may not give complete
information to health care providers or follow up appropriately after a diagnosis unless they
feel that their privacy is secure. School-based health centers and Title X family planning
centers are important sources of care for adolescents.
1.7.3.1 Dietary Behaviours

Of all children age 0-17, 18% experienced food insecurity. Youth Risk Behaviour Survey,
27% of high school students reported eating vegetables at least twice a day, while 31%
reported eating fruits or drinking 100% fruit juice two or more times a day. A large, nationally
representative interview study of adolescents age 13-18 found that in a single year, about one in 60
teens have symptoms of an eating disorder. In 2015-16, 21% of adolescents age 12-19 were obese.
Dieting, which is a risk factor for both obesity and eating disorders is quite common among youth. In
2017, 60% of high school girls and 34% of high school boys were trying to lose weight.
1.7.3.1 Physical Activity and Sleep

Just under half (47%) of high school students reported a high level of physical activity in
2017 (at least 60 minutes a day for five or more days in the week before the survey). There is
a significant gender disparity: 37% of girls and 57% of boys reported this level of activity.
Many youths (54%) play on at least one sports team, including nearly half of girls (49%) and
60% of boys. The great majority (85%) of high school students reported being physically
active for at least an hour at least once during the week before the survey (81% of girls and
89% of boys) About one in four high school students reported having at least eight hours of sleep
on a typical school night. Ninth grade students were more likely to have eight hours of sleep than
seniors at 35% and 18%, respectively
1.7.3.2 Mental Health

While most adolescents experience good mental health, many youth struggles with mental
health symptoms at some point. A large, nationally representative study published in 2010
found that half of youth age 13-18 report having had mental health symptoms, with a lifetime
prevalence of 22% for symptoms that are classified as severe the same study found that
25
anxiety disorders are experienced by 32% of this age group, behaviour disorders by 19%,
mood disorders by 14%, and substance use disorders by 11%.
32% of all high school students reported feeling sad or hopeless almost every day for two or
more weeks in a row in the last year (an indicator of clinical depression). More girls than
boys reported feeling sad or hopeless (41% and 21%, respectively). Among high school
students, lesbian, gay, and bisexual students were much more likely to have experienced this
level of depression than heterosexual students.
 lesbian and bisexual females, 69%

 females who were not sure of their sexual orientation, 52%
 gay and bisexual males, 46%
 heterosexual females, 37%
 males who were not sure, 36%
 heterosexual males, 20%
(Actforyouth.net)
1.7.4 United Kingdom

Mortality rates amongst young people aged 15‐19 and 20‐24 have risen above rates for those
in 1‐4 age group, a reversal of historical mortality trends. However, the picture is not entirely
negative, and indeed a careful look at the trends for young people’s health shows that the
picture is much more nuanced, with areas which show little change, others where things have
got worse, and yet others where there have indeed been significant improvements (Coleman
and Brooks, 2009). Looking first at the improvements, it is encouraging to recognise that the
rate of teenage conceptions has shown a significant reduction over the last ten
years. Conception rates for under‐16s and under‐18s have [Adolescent health in the UK
today] association for Young People’s Health. An overview of recent trends in adolescent
health fallen in England and Wales since the introduction of the national Teenage Pregnancy
Strategy in 1998. As one example of this trend the 2009 under‐18 conception rate was 38.2
per 1,000 girls aged 15‐17, a decrease of 5.7% since 2008, and the lowest rate for almost 30
years (Office for National Statistics, 2011). Another area of significant improvement relates
to suicide rates among 15- to 24-year‐old young men. Rates here have fallen from 17 per
100,000 to 10 per 100,000 over the last 15 years. There has, however, been little change in
rates for young women, nor has there been much change in rates of self‐harm. In terms of
mental health generally, there is conflicting evidence, and no clear trends have emerged.
Where studies of psychiatric morbidity are concerned, little change has been discerned
between the years 1999 and 2004, with rates for 11‐15-year‐olds staying at around 10%.
Among 16‐19-year‐olds in Britain over a 25-year period the proportion who smokes has
come down from 33% to 20%. A similar trend can be seen in the 11‐15-year age group. As
far as cannabis use is concerned, again there has been some reduction in the last decade, with
decreases in levels of use among 13‐15-year‐olds of roughly 20%
Rising rates of sexually transmitted infections have also been of major concern, with
chlamydia and herpes showing particularly marked changes among young people. Rates of
chlamydia increased by more than 100% in the period 2000 to 2007, reaching the figure of
22,000 new cases among 16‐ 19-year‐old young women in England and Wales in 2007. A
26
note of caution should be sounded here, however, since this rise may partly be attributed to
higher levels of awareness and to improved screening technique. Association for Young
People’s Health 4 In addition to these trends, two other aspects of adolescent health give
cause for anxiety. The first of these has to do with obesity and the increasing numbers of
young people who are overweight in the UK. Most recent figures show that obesity rates
among 11‐15-year‐olds increased by 25% from 1995 to 2004, but it is encouraging to see that
there has been a small decrease in these rates since then.
(youngpeopleshealth.org)
1.7.5 UAE
The Arab region in general and the countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
specifically, are rapidly growing both economically and demographically. Over the last four
decades, the Arab region's population has increased to an estimated 359 million in 2010, and
more than half of that population is comprised of children and young people age 24 and
younger. This rapid population increase peaked around 2005, but it is expected to continue
until 2050, when the number of children and young people in the region may reach 217
million.
1.7.5.1 The state of adolescent health in Arab Gulf countries
Throughout the world, the leading causes of death and the burden of diseases for health
systems have shifted from communicable diseases, which were the primary causes in the
1990s,to non-communicable diseases (NCD), such as ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes,
and cancers, as well as mental health problems. Non-communicable diseases kill more people
each year than all other causes combined, and four of the key modifiable risk behaviors—
tobacco use, excessive use of alcohol, unhealthy diet, and insufficient physical activity—
begin or become entrenched during the adolescent years.
1.7.5.2 Leading causes of mortality
Road traffic injuries are among the top five leading causes of death among adolescents
worldwide, in all regions, among both male and female adolescents, and for both younger
(10–14) and older (15–19) age group. For high income countries such as the GCC, road
traffic injuries are the number one cause of death, at 3.74 deaths per 100,000 for girls and
9.10 deaths per 100,000 for boys. The other four top causes of death among younger
adolescents include self-harm (suicide), leukaemia, and congenital anomalies for both boys
and girls, plus drowning for boys and lower respiratory infections for girls. Among older
adolescents in high income countries, four of the top five causes of death are the same for
boys and girls, namely, road traffic injuries, self-harm, interpersonal violence, and drug use
disorders, while the fifth is drowning for boys and congenital anomalies for girls. Among the
low- and middle-income countries in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, another
leading cause of death for both 10- to 14-year-olds and 15- to 19-year-olds is war, which
accounts for the highest rate of death for both older and younger boys, the second highest rate
for younger girls, and the fourth highest rate for older girls. Maternal mortality is the leading
cause of death among older girls in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, although it is not in
the top five causes among girls in high income countries.
27
1.7.5.3 Physical activity and nutrition
The World Health Organization recommends adolescents under the age of 18 years
participate in at least 1 h of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day, and for 18- and
19-year-olds, they should engage in at least 150 min of moderate to vigorous activity per
week. However, in GCC countries, as elsewhere in the world, most adolescents do not meet
these recommended guidelines. In the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study, approximately 50% of
boys aged 14 to 19 and approximately 70% of girls in the same age bracket in Kuwait and
Saudi Arabia were found to not meet the recommended daily minimum. In another recent
study, only 5% of girls in one city in Saudi Arabia reported adequate levels of physical
activity, and data from the Global School-based Student Health surveys among adolescents
aged 13 to 15 in Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates found that 20 to 35%
boys and 10 to 23% of girls met the recommended daily minimums
1.7.5.4 Tobacco and alcohol use
Rates of tobacco use varied widely across countries. Specifically, among the GCC countries,
Oman reported the lowest rates of tobacco use, with 5% of boys and 2% of girls reported the
current use of tobacco; Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, and the UAE reported similarly high rates of
tobacco use, with 25% of the boys and more than 10% of the girls reporting current tobacco
use, whereas Saudi Arabia found that 21% of the boys and 9% of the girls reported current
tobacco use. A recent study of students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, revealed similar findings.
Studies suggest that tobacco use may be increasing among youth in GCC countries, a factor
that will contribute significantly to adult health problems in the coming years
1.7.5.5 Adolescent sexual and reproductive health
Given that maternal mortality remains a leading cause of death for adolescent girls between
the ages of 15–19, one of the strategic pillars of the United Nations Family Planning Agency
is to build capacity for sexual and reproductive health service delivery and to promote
comprehensive sexuality education for adolescents Furthermore, despite the cultural and
religious values that restrict sexual relations to those who are legally married, some
adolescents in GCC countries report occasional premarital sex In most GCC countries, there
is also a lack of sexual education in schools, which suggests that young people who are
sexually active outside of marriage may be at risk for sexually transmitted diseases
and unintended pregnancies.
(Sciencedirect.com)
28
CHAPTER-2:
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
29
2.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
 To know how much young are aware about facts of healthy living.
 To study food habits of young.
 To measure overall health of young and diseases they are suffered from.
 To know how many young are engaged in exercise and meditation.
 To sum up social media habits of young.
 To gauge screen time of gaming, social media, OTT contents etc. young occupied in daily
routine.
 To study the habits of youth concerning smoke, alcohol, drugs and reason for why they are
consuming it.
 To study, if ever, they try to quit habits of smoke, alcohol and drugs.
 To sum up reason of youth facing depression and ground of it.
 To know from where youth can seek help to get a rid of depression.
2.2 SOURCES OF DATA
2.2.1 Secondary data

Secondary data is collected from internet.
(A detailed list of sources of secondary data is mentioned in chapter 5, page number 96)
2.2.2 Primary data

As per primary data collection norms, we conducted survey about A STUDY OF HEALTHY
LIVING PRACTICES AMONG THE YOUTH OF SELECTED CITIES OF GUJARAT
STATE by getting the E- Questionnaires filled through Google Form.
2.2.2.1 Research instrument
A structured undisguised questionnaire is used as research instrument. One of upper hand is

Structured-Undisguised Questionnaire is the most popular type, it involves using questions
with clear direct wording, having a logical order. The wording and order remain the same for
all the respondents. They are very simple to administer and easy to tabulate.
(A copy of questionnaire is attached in chapter 6, Annexure 1, page number 98)
2.2.2.2 Population of study
People of Ahmedabad, Surat and Rajkot city in March 2021.
2.2.2.3 Sampling element
An individual who is aged between 14 to 25 years.
30
2.3 SAMPLING METHOD
2.3.1 Convenience sampling:
This adopted by researchers where they collect market research data from a conveniently
available pool of respondents. It is the most commonly used sampling technique as its
incredibly prompt, uncomplicated, and economical.
We took convenience sampling method for doing survey of A STUDY OF HEALTHY
LIVING PRACTICES AMONG THE YOUTH OF SELECTED CITIES OF GUJARAT
STATE
2.4 SAMPLE SIZE

200 respondents as suggested by our project guide.
2.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

 Due to a greater number of questions, the respondents found the questionnaire time
consuming.
 The respondent may feel overwhelmed or may lose focus as the questionnaire is too long.
 Due to the pandemic, the survey had to be done online, so there were no personal interviews.
 Due to lengthy questionnaire, there were many inappropriate responses.
 Quality of work depends on group efforts and not on individual efforts.
 Due to the pandemic the coordination among the group members was difficult to maintain
 No advanced statistical analysis was conducted during this study.
31
CHAPTER-3:
ANALYSIS AND
FINDINGS
32
LIST OF GRAPHS
Sr.No. Question Page
3.1 Answer the following statements:
3.1.1 Eating healthy and simple food reduces interest of youth towards food. 35
3.1.2 Improper diet and consuming junk food does not affect one's health. 36
3.1.3 One should limit the amount of sugar and salt in one's diet. 37
3.1.4 Fruits should be included in our daily diet for better nutrition. 38
3.1.5 One should read the nutrition facts labels on grocery items. 39
3.1.6 It is important for us to eat healthy food. 40
3.1.7 Younger generation is conscious about their own diet. 41
3.2 Do you think eating healthy daily helps in feeling better mentally? 42
3.3 Do you think it is fundamental to eat well daily for healthy and happy life? 43
3.4 Which type of food does young generation prefer? (tick all that apply) 44
3.5 In a typical daily routine, where do you consume these meals?
3.5.1 Breakfast 45
3.5.2 Lunch 46
3.5.3 Dinner 47
3.6 How many times in a week do you consume junk food? 48
3.7 Do you think exercising daily helps in feeling better mentally? 49
3.8 Do you think YOGA should be part of our daily routine for to stay healthy 50
and happy?
3.9 Now a day, it has become necessary to go to gym for fitness and healthy 51
life.
3.10 Do you get at least 30 minutes of exercise every day? 52
3.11 How would you rate your overall physical health? 53
3.12 What type of exercise do you do? (Tick all that apply) 54
3.13 Do you or any of your family member currently suffer from any chronic 55
diseases (diseases sustaining for long time)?
3.14 Are you currently taking medications for any health condition? 56
3.15 Do you have any hereditary conditions/ diseases? 57
3.16 Have you, or anyone you have been in contact with, had tested positive for 58
COVID-19?
3.17 How many hours a night does you sleep? 59
3.18 How much time do you spend daily in playing video games? 60
3.19 Which type of games do you like to play mostly? 61
3.20 Do you stay up till midnight and use your phone or any other device? 62
3.21 How much time do you spend on social media daily? 63
3.22 Which of the following do you use mostly? (Tick all that apply) 64
3.23 From the following list of social media apps given below, which apps do 65
you use in your day-to-day life?
33
Sr.No. Question Page
3.24 Which one is your favourite app from the list given below? 66
3.25 How old were you when you started social media? 67
3.26 How much time do you spend for OTT platform daily? 68
3.27 Do you know someone who smokes? 69
3.28 If yes, how frequently does he/she smokes? 70
3.29 Why does he/she smoke? 71
3.30 How often does he/she smoke inside their home? 72
3.31 Do they know about the health risk due to smoking? 73
3.32 Have they tried to quit smoking being aware about the health risks due to 74
smoking?
3.33 Do you know someone young who consumes alcohol? 75
3.34 How frequently do they consume? 76
3.35 Why do they consume alcohol? 77
3.36 Are they aware about the health risks due to alcohol consumption? 78
3.37 Have they tried to quit alcohol consumption? 79
3.38 Have they experienced any health issues due to consumption of alcohol? 80
3.40 Do you know someone young who consumes drugs? 81
3.41 If yes, why do they consume drugs? 82
3.42 Have they experienced any side effects or health issues of consuming 83
drugs?
3.44 Do you know someone who is young and suffering from depression or any 84
mental health conditions?
3.45 If yes, are they seeking any professional help? 85
3.46 What might be the reason for their depression/mental health issues? 86
3.47 Is their family helping them through phase? 87
3.48 Age 88
3.49 Gender 89
3.50 Education 90
3.51 Occupation 91
3.52 Annual income(family) 92
3.53 Family status 93
34
3.1 Answer the following statements:
3.1.1 Eating healthy and simple food reduces interest of youth towards food.
- Total number of responses: 200
49.50%
34%
16.50%
AGRE E D ISAGRE E N OT SURE
See Table: 6.2.1.1 Page number: 110
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 49.50% of sample size agreed with the
statement, while 34% disagreed and 16.50% opt that they were not sure.
35
3.1.2 Improper diet and consuming junk food does not affect one's health.
77%
16.50%
6.50%
36
3.1.3 one should limit the amount of sugar and salt in one's diet.
87%
7.50%
5.50%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 87% of sample size agreed with the statement,
while 5.5% disagreed and 7.5% opt that they were not sure.
37
3.1.4 Fruits should be included in our daily diet for better nutrition.
-Total number of responses: 200
98%
1.50%
0.50%
while 0.5% disagreed and 1.5% opt that they were not sure.
38
3.1.5 One should read the nutrition facts labels on grocery items.
75.50%
16.50%
8%
AGREE DISAGREE NOT SURE
39
3.1.6 It is important for us to eat healthy food.
98%
2%
0%
while 0% disagreed and 2% opt that they were not sure.
40
3.1.7 Younger generation is conscious about their own diet.
45%
28.50%
26.50%
while 26.5% disagreed and 28.5% opt that they were not sure
41
3.2 Do you think eating healthy daily helps in feeling better mentally?
Yes No Cant Say
6%
2%
92%
See Table: 6.2.2 Page number: 112
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 92% of sample size choose Yes, while 2%
choose No and 6% opt Can’t say.
42
3.3 Do you think it is fundamental to eat well daily for healthy and happy life?
Yes No Can't Say
3% 3%
94%
choose No and 3% opt Can’t say.
43
3.4 Which type of food does young generation prefer? (Tick all that apply)
Healthy Food 21.72%
Homemade Food 23.83%
Diet Food 12.57%
Junk Food 41.88%
0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00% 40.00% 45.00%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 41.88% of sample size prefer Junk Food,
12.57% who Prefer Diet Food, while 23.83% who prefer Homemade food and 21.72% who
prefer Healthy Food.
44
3.5 In a typical daily routine, where do you consume these meals?
3.5.1 Breakfast
85%
10%
5%
AT HOM E OUT SID E D O N OT CON SUM E
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 85% of sample size who consumes Breakfast
at home, while 5% consumes it outside, while 10% do not consume it at all.
45
3.5.2 Lunch
76%
20.50%
3.50%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 76% of sample size who consumes Lunch at
home, while 20.5% consumes it outside, while 3.5% do not consume it at all.
46
3.5.3 Dinner
82%
13.50%
4.50%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 82% of sample size who consumes Dinner at
home, while 13.5% consumes it outside, while 4.5% do not consume it at all.
47
3.6 How many times in a week do you consume junk food?
Once in a week More than once a week

2-3 times in a month Daily
Rarely Never
1%
14%
1% 31%
28%
25%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 31% of sample size consumes Junk Food
once in a week, 25% consumes it More than Once a Week, 28% consumes it 2-3 Times a
Week, 1% consumes it Daily, while 14% consume it Rarely and 1% Do not(Never) consumes
it.
48
3.7 Do you think exercising daily helps in feeling better mentally?
Yes No Can't say
1% 1%
98%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 98% of sample size choose Yes, while 1.5%
choose No and .5% opt for Can’t say.
49
3.8 Do you think YOGA should be part of our daily routine for to stay healthy and happy?
Yes No
3%
97%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 97% choose yes as response and 3% opt for
No.
50
3.9 Now a day, it has become necessary to go to gym for fitness and healthy life.
Yes No
44%
56%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 44.5% choose Yes as response and 55.5% opt
for No.
51
3.10 Do you get at least 30 minutes of exercise every day?
Yes, Daily Yes,Mostly Yes, Sometimes No, Never
17%
8%
58%
17%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 17% of sample choose Yes, Daily, 8% choose
Yes, Mostly, while 17% choose Yes, Sometimes and 58% opt for No, Never.
52
3.11 How would you rate your overall physical health?
Poor Fair Good Very Good Excellent
4%
11%
21%
22%
42%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 4% of sample size choose Poor, 21% choose
Fair, 42% choose Good, while 22% choose Very Good and 11% opt for Excellent.
53
3.12 What type of exercise do you do? (Tick all that apply)
WALK 36.46%
RUN 21.53%
HIKE 4.05%
AEROBICS 3.83%
ZUMBA 4.90%
DANCE 7.67%
YOGA 15.35%
OTHERS 6.18%
0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00% 40.00%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 469 responses 36.46% choose Walk,
21.53% choose Run, 4.05% choose Hike, 3.83% choose Aerobics, 4.9% choose Zumba,
7.67% choose Dance, while 15.35% choose Yoga and 6.18% opt for others.
54
3.13 Do you or any of your family member currently suffer from any chronic diseases
(diseases sustaining for long time)?
Yes No Don't want to disclose
3%
16%
81%
choose No and 3% opt Don’t want to disclose.
55
3.14 Are you currently taking medications for any health condition?
Yes No Don't want to disclose
1% 8%
91%
choose No and 1% opt Don’t want to disclose.
56
3.15 Do you have any hereditary conditions/ diseases?
High Blood Pressure 4.90%
Cancer 0.49%
Stroke 0.98%
Depression 0.98%
Auto Immune Disease 1.47%
Osteoporosis 0%
None of the above 89.71%
Others 1.47%
0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00% 60.00% 70.00% 80.00% 90.00%100.00%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 204 responses 4.9% choose High Blood
Pressure, 0.49% choose Cancer, 0.98% choose Stroke, 0.98% choose Depression, 1.47 %
Auto Immune Disease, 0% choose Osteoporosis, while 89.71% choose None of the above
and 1.47% opt for others.
57
3.16 Have you, or anyone you have been in contact with, had tested positive for COVID-
19?
Yes No
39%
61%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 39% choose Yes as response and 61% opt for
No.
58
3.17 How many hours a night does you sleep?
2-4 Hours 4-6 Hours 6-8 Hours More than 8 Hours
2%
14% 10%
74%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 2% of sample choose 2-4 Hours, 10% choose
4-6 Hours, while 74% choose 6-8 Hours and 14% opt for More than 8 Hours.
59
3.18 How much time do you spend daily in playing video games?
Less than 1 hour 1-2 Hours 3-4 Hours

More than 4 Hours Not at all Playing
30%
52%
14%
1% 3%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 30% of sample size choose Less than 1 Hour,
14% choose 1-2 Hours, 3% choose 3-4 Hours, while 1% choose More than 4 Hours and 52%
opt for Not at all Playing.
60
3.19 Which type of games do you like to play mostly?
Action game 25.71%
Racing game 13.57%
Arcade 8.21%
Real Time Strategy Games 22.14%
None 30.35%
0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 280 responses 25.71% choose Action
Game, 13.57% choose Racing Game, 8.21% choose Arcade, while 22.14% choose Real Time
Strategy Game and 30.35% opt for None.
61
3.20 Do you stay up till midnight and use your phone or any other device?
Yes No
14%
86%
No.
62
3.21 How much time do you spend on social media daily?
Less than 1 Hour 1-2 Hours 3-4 Hours More than 4 Hours
10%
21%
28%
41%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 21% of sample choose Less than 1 Hour, 41%
choose 1-2 Hours, while 28% choose 3-4 Hours and 10% opt for More than 4 Hours.
63
3.22 Which of the following do you use mostly? (Tick all that apply)
Social Networking Sites 60.48%
Review Sites 9.27%
News Sites 27.49%
Others 2.74%
0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00% 60.00% 70.00%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 291 responses 60.48% choose Social
Networking Sites, 9.27% choose Review Sites, while 27.49% choose News Sites and 2.74%
opt for Others.
64
3.23 From the following list of social media apps given below, which apps do you use in
your day-to-day life?
Whatsapp 32.17%
Instagram 30.05%
Linkedin 6.50%
Twitter 7.02%
Snapchat 15.47%
Facebook 7.74%
Others 1.05%
0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 569 responses 32.17% choose
WhatsApp, 30.05% choose Instagram, 6.5% choose LinkedIn, 7.02% choose Twitter, 15.47%
choose Snapchat, while 7.74% choose Facebook and 1.05% opt for Others.
65
3.24 Which one is your favourite app from the list given below?
Instagram WhatsApp Facebook Twitter

Snapchat LinkedIn Messenger
0%
6% 3%
2%
2%
22%
65%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 65% choose Instagram, 23% choose
WhatsApp, 2% choose Facebook, 2% choose Twitter, 6% choose Snapchat, while 3% choose
LinkedIn and 0% opt for Others.
66
3.25 How old were you when you started social media?
- Number of responses: 200
16 or below Above 16
36%
64%
Table Number: 6.2.25 Page Number: 121
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 36% choose 16 or below as response and 64%
opt for Above 16.
67
3.26 How much time do you spend for OTT platform daily?
Less than 1 hour 1-2 Hours 3-4 Hours More than 4 Hours
2% 2%
32%
64%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 64% of sample choose Less than 1 Hour, 32%
choose 1-2 Hours, while 2% choose 3-4 Hours and 2% opt for More than 4 Hours.
68
3.27 Do you know someone who smokes?
Yes No
50% 50%
No.
69
3.28 If yes, how frequently does he/she smokes?
Once a day 3-4 time a day More
8%
48%
44%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 100 responses 48% choose Once a day,
44% choose 3-4 times a day and 8% opt for More.
70
3.29 Why does he/she smoke?
Addiction
34.76%
Peer pressure
5.49%
To Reduce Stress
26.83%
Fun
32.92%
0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00% 40.00%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 161 responses 34.76% choose
Addiction, 5.49% choose Peer pressure, 26.83% choose to Reduce Stress and 32.92% opt for
Fun.
71
3.30 How often does he/she smoke inside their home?
Daily Weekly Monthly Never Don't Know
17%
32%
7%
3%
41%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 100 responses 17% of sample size
choose Daily, 7% choose Weekly, 3% choose Monthly, while 41% choose Never and 32%
opt for Don’t Know.
72
3.31 Do they know about the health risk due to smoking?
Yes No Not Sure
9%
1%
90%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 100 responses 90% choose Yes, 1%
choose No and 9% opt for Not Sure.
73
3.32 Have they tried to quit smoking being aware about the health risks due to smoking?
Yes No Can't Say
23%
12%
65%
choose No and 65% opt for Can’t Say.
74
3.33 Do you know someone young who consumes alcohol?
YES No
39%
61%
No.
75
3.34 How frequently do they consume?
Daily Occasionally Rarely
10%
17%
73%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 78 responses 10% choose Daily, 73%
choose Occasionally and 17% opt for Rarely.
76
3.35 Why do they consume alcohol?
Peer pressure 3.77%
Addiction 13.21%
Due to Friends influence 21.70%
For fun 61.32%
0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00% 60.00% 70.00%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 78 responses 3.77% choose Peer
pressure, 13.21% choose Addiction, 21.7% choose Due to Friends Influence and 61.32% opt
for Fun.
77
3.36 Are they aware about the health risks due to alcohol consumption?
Yes No Maybe
14%
3%
83%
choose No and 14% opt for Maybe.
78
3.37 Have they tried to quit alcohol consumption?
Yes No Maybe
21%
33%
46%
79
3.38 Have they experienced any health issues due to consumption of alcohol?
Yes No Maybe
10%
22%
68%
80
3.39 If Yes, then specify:
(This was an open-ended question)
3.39.1 Don't know (1 response)
3.39.2 Laziness (1 response)
3.39.3 Lever failure (1 response)
3.39.4 Lever failure (1 response)
3.39.5 No (3 response)
3.39.6 No health issues (1 response)
3.39.7 Nothing (1 response)
3.39.8 Short temper (1 response)
3.39.9 Stomach a… (1 response)
3.40 Do you know someone young who consumes drugs?

Yes No
10%
90%
No.
81
3.41 If yes, why do they consume drugs?
Don't know 6.06%
Curiosity and experiment 33.36%
Friend's influence 24.24%
Addiction 33.33%
0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00% 40.00%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 20 responses 6.06% choose Don’t
Know, 33.36% choose Curiosity and Experiment, 24.24% choose Friends Influence and
33.33% choose Addiction
82
3.42 Have they experienced any side effects or health issues of consuming drugs?
Yes No Maybe
25%
30%
45%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 20 responses 30% choose Yes, 45 %
83
3.43 If yes, then specify:
(This was an open-ended question)
3.42.1 Feel stressed always (1 response)
3.42.2 Memory loss (1 response)
3.42.4 Unconscious (1 response)
3.44 Do you know someone who is young and suffering from depression or any mental
health conditions?
Yes No
23%
77%
No.
84
3.45 If yes, are they seeking any professional help?
Yes No Don’t know
13%
46%
41%
choose No and 13% opt for Don’t know
85
3.46 What might be the reason for their depression/mental health issues?
Don't know
9.64%
School/College problems
13.25%
Work related problems

18.07%
Relationship problems
26.51%
Family problems
32.53%
0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that out of 83 responses 9.64% choose Don’t
Know, 13.25% choose School/Collage Problems, 18.07% choose Work Related Problems,
26.51% choose Relationship Problems and 32.53% choose Family Problems.
86
3.47 Is their family helping them through phase?
-Number of responses: 46
Yes No Don’t Know
30%
50%
20%
choose No and 30% opt for Don’t know
87
3.48 Age:
Below 16 years 16-18 years 18-22 years 22-25 years
2%
11%
21%
66%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 2% of sample choose Below 16 Years, 11%
choose 16-18Years, and while 66% choose 18-22 Years and 2% opt for More than 4 Hours.
88
3.49 Gender:
Female Male
36%
64%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 36% are Female respondent and 64% are
Male respondent.
89
3.50 Education:
Schooling Graduation Post-Graduation Professional Others
2%
9% 10%
11%
68%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 10% choose Schooling, 68% choose
Graduation, 11% choose Post-Graduation, while 9% choose Professional and 2% choose
Others.
90
3.51 Occupation:
Student Business Service Homemaker
1%
13%
6%
80%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 80% choose Student, 6% choose Business,
while 13% choose Service and 1% choose Homemaker.
91
3.52 Annual income(family):
<2 Lakhs 2-5 Lakhs >5-10 Lakhs >10-20 Lakhs >20 Lakhs
4%
11%
34%
18%
33%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 34% choose <2 Lakhs, 33 % choose 2-5
Lakhs, 18% choose >5-10 Lakhs, while 11% choose >10-20 Lakhs and 4% choose >20
Lakhs.
92
3.53 Family status:
Single
With Parents
With Parents and Siblings
With Parents, Siblings and Grandparents
With Extended Family
8% 11%
18%
23%
40%
From the above graph, it can be concluded that 11% choose Single, 23 % choose with
Parents, 40% choose with Parents and Siblings, while 18% choose with Parents, Siblings and
Grandparents and 8% choose with Extended Family.
93
CHAPTER-4:
RECOMMENDATIONS &
CONCLUSIONS
94
4.1 RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1.1 For Schools and Colleges

 The schools and colleges should include ‘Health’ as a secondary subject so that the
younger generation starts getting aware of the basic health care.
 The canteens of schools, colleges and offices should have healthy food in their menu
as it is seen that the youth is mostly having lunch outside which is probably junk food.
 It is observed that the youth is heading without a direction; younger generation is not
much aware about the healthy routines to be followed for healthy lifestyle. Hence the
younger generation should be given proper guidelines about the healthy routine to be
followed.
4.1.2 For workplace

 The offices should also display various health charts so that the young employees
have a constant look at it and while working take care of health too.
4.1.3 For Government

 The high sugar concentrated products and caffeine products should have a label of it
on the products and also a health advisory attached to it mentioning the product can
cause harm to the health and can cause various diseases.
 Smoking materials and Alcohol should be banned from selling as this has a huge
impact on the working of the youth and becomes hurdle in their progress.
 The health risks associated with smoking should be known to the youth by publishing
banners on roadside, at every cross roads
4.1.4 For Younger Individuals

 The routine of daily exercise should be included. Yoga should be performed daily to
maintain a healthy life. Also, proper time for the exercise should be given such that all
types of exercise and workouts are done properly.
 Proper sleep cycle should be maintained as sleep plays an important role in our health.
 Phones and other technological devices should be kept aside before 1 hour of sleeping
as it results into various heart diseases and other diseases.
 Social media should be used for informative purposes only as the rest uses of chatting
and videos making hinder the growth of youth by restricting brain functioning in
career-oriented thinking.
 The friend circle should be wisely chosen because surrounding plays and important
role in influencing our daily functioning.
4.1.5 For Families

 The family should understand and support their children and give them preaching of
what mistakes they should be avoiding while growing and what risks are possibly
there in life prior so that the youth does not get misguided and can be saved from
getting into depression.
95
 Communication chain should be strong to stay updated with the current happenings in
life of younger generation because the youth have various different new things which
they go through in life and can get deviated.
4.2 CONCLUSIONS
The food quality should be healthy for a good healthy living. The routines should be
properly and regularly followed. The routines should comprise of healthy living habits
only. The social structure should be of good and disciplined company. The technology
should be used wisely. The family bonding should be strong. The elders in family
themselves should not be in any kind of bad habits because they are the role models in the
family. Availability of products harming the health should be banned. Daily exercise
seminars and workshops should be organised by government in every town. The youth
should also inculcate habits of following their passion to be happy, as the key influencer
to bad habits is stress; stress stopper habits like Art and crafts, workshops, can be a big
help to be healthy, as it is rightly said happiness is pathway to healthiness. If a person is
in depression a consultation to good psychiatrist or counsellor is better rather than to be
alone and indulge in bad practices which are harmful to health.
96
CHAPTER-5:
BIBLIOGRAPHY&
REFERENCES
97
5.1 List of sources of data:
 www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/04/5-charts-that-reveal-how-india-sees-mental-
health/
 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mental-illness/symptoms-causes/syc-
20374968
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifestyle_disease
 https://m.rediff.com/amp/getahead/report/blue-whale-challenge-blue-whale-game-
google-trends-search-highest-in-india-rank-no1/20170901.htm
 https://africa-health.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/AH-2019-April-21-chiumia.pdf
 https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/e8cd6dc6-ba74-4fa0-93ee-11b018f4bf69/ah16-5-
4-health-young-australians.pdf.aspx
 Garcia and Miralles, Hector and Francesc. (2016). “IKIGAI- THE JAPANESE
SECRET TO A LONG AND HAPPY LIFE ORIGINAL”, Penguin Books,
U.S.A,1,210.
 http://actforyouth.net/adolescence/demographics/health.cfm
 www.youngpeopleshealth.org.uk
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235264671730008X
98
CHAPTER-6:
ANNEXURES
99
6.1 ANNEXURE-1: A COPY OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE.
We are semester 6 students of Som Lalit institute of Business Administration,
affiliated to Gujarat University. As a part of semester 6 curriculum, we are
supposed to undertake a research project. Accordingly, we are working on ‘A
STUDY OF HEALTHY LIVING PRACTICES AMONG THE YOUTH OF SELECTED
CITIES OF GUJARAT STATE’. We have to collect primary data for this research
and the attached questionnaire is a part of primary data collection. Please spare
some time to fill this questionnaire. We assure you that all the information
provided will be used for academic purposes only.
Q1. Answer the following statements:
AGREE DISAGREE NOT SURE
Eating healthy and simple food reduces interest

of youth towards food.
Improper diet and consuming junk food do not
affect one’s health.
One should limit the amount of sugar and salt in
one’s diet.
Fruits should be included in our daily diet for
better nutrition.
One should read the nutrition facts labels on
grocery items.
It is important for us to eat healthy food.
Young generation is conscious about their own

diet.
Q2. Do you think eating healthy daily helps in feeling better mentally?
YES
NO
CAN’T SAY
Q3. Do you think it is fundamental to eat well daily for healthy and happy life?
YES
NO
CAN’T SAY
100
Q4. Which type of food does young generation prefer?
Junk food
Diet food
Homemade food
Healthy food
Q5. In a typical daily routine, where do you consume these meals:
1. Breakfast:
at home
outside
Do not consume
2. Lunch:
at home
outside
Do not consume
3. Dinner:
at home
outside
Do not consume
Q6. How many times in a week do you consume junk food?
Daily
More than once a week
Once in a week
2-3 times in a month
Rarely
Never
.
Q7. Do you think exercising daily helps in feeling better mentally?
YES
NO
CAN’T SAY
Q8. Do you think YOGA should be part of our daily routine for to stay healthy
and happy?
101
YES
NO
Q9. Now a days, it has become necessary to go to gym for fitness and healthy
life.
YES
NO
Q10. Do you get at least 30 minutes of exercise every day?
Yes, daily
Yes, mostly
Yes, sometimes
No, never
Q11. How would you rate your overall physical health?

Poor
Fair
Good
Very good
Excellent
Q12. What type of exercise do you do? (Tick all that apply)
Walk
Run
Hike
Aerobics
Zumba
Dance
Yoga
Others. Please Specify: ___________________.
Q13. Do you or any of your family member currently suffer from any chronic
diseases?
Yes
No
Don’t want to disclose.
Q14. Are you currently taking medication for any health condition?
Yes
No
102
Don’t want to disclose
Q15. Do you have any hereditary conditions / diseases? (Tick all that apply)
High blood pressure
Diabetes
Asthma
Heart condition
Overweight
None of the above
Others. Please specify: _________________________.
Q16. Which of these conditions are you concerned about (either due to family
history, lifestyle, previous experience etc)?
Heart diseases
Cancer
Stroke
Depression
Auto immune diseases
Osteoporosis
None of the above
Others. Please Specify: ________________________.
Q17. Have you, or anyone you have been in contact with, had tested positive for
COVID-19?
Yes
No
Q18. How many hours a night do you sleep?

2-4 hours
4-6 hours
6-8 hours
More than 8 hours
Q19. How much time do you spend daily in playing video games?
Less than 1 hour
1-2 Hours
3-4 Hours
103
More than 4 hours
Q20. Which type of games do you like to play mostly?

Action games
Racing games
Arcade
Real time strategy games
None
Q21. Do you stay up till midnight and use your phone or any other device?
YES
NO
Q22. How much time do you spend on social media daily?

Less than 1 hour
1-2 Hours
3-4 Hours
More than 4 hours
Q23. Which of the following do you use mostly?

Social Networking Sites
Review sites
News sites
Others
Q24. From the following list of social media apps given below, which apps do
use in your day-to-day life? (Tick all that apply)
WhatsApp
Instagram
LinkedIn
Twitter
104
Snapchat
Facebook
Any others. Please specify: ____________________.
Q25. Which one is your favourite app from the list given below?
Instagram
WhatsApp
Facebook
Snapchat
Twitter
LinkedIn
Messenger
Q26. How old were you when you started social media?
16 or below
Above 16
Q27. How much time do you spend for OTT Platform daily?
Less than 1 hour
1-2 Hours
3-4 Hours
More than 4 hours
Q28. Do you know someone young who smokes?

Yes
No
Q29. If yes, how frequently does he/she smokes?

Once a day
3 or 4 times a day
More
Q30. Why does he/she smoke?
Fun
Stress
Peer Pressure
105
Addiction
Q31. How often does he/she smoke inside their home?

Daily
Weekly
Monthly
Never
Don’t know
Q32. Do they know about the health risks due to smoking?
Yes
No
Not sure
Q33. Have they tried to quit smoking being aware about the health risks due to
smoking?
Yes
No
Can’t say
Q34. Do you know someone young who consumes alcohol?
Yes
No
Q35. How frequently do they consume?

Daily
Occasionally
Rarely
Q36. Why do they consume alcohol?
For Fun
Due to Friends influence
Addiction
Peer Pressure
Q37. Are they aware about the health risks due to alcohol consumption?
106
Yes
No
May be
Q38. Have they tried to quit alcohol consumption?
Yes
No
May be
Q39. Have they experienced any health issues due to consumption of alcohol?
Yes
No
Don’t know
If yes then specify:
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Q40. Do you know someone young who consumes drugs?
Yes
No
Q41. If yes, why do they consume drugs?
Addiction
Friend’s influence
Stress
Curiosity and experiment
Don’t know
Q42. Have they experienced any side effects or health issues of consuming
drugs?
Yes
No
May be
If yes, the specify:
107
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Q43. Do you know someone who is young and suffering from depression or any
mental health conditions?
YES
NO
Q44. If yes, are they seeking any professional help?
YES
NO
Don’t know
Q45. What might be the reason for their depression\mental health issues?
Family problems
Relationship problems
Work related problems
School\College problems
Don’t know
Q46. Is their family helping them through this phase?
YES
NO
Don’t know
108
INFORMATION:
Name: ______________________________________.
Contact number: _____________________________.
Email: ______________________________________.
Age: Below 16 years 16-18 Years >18-22 Years >22-25 Years

Gender: Male Female Others
Education: Schooling Graduation Post-Graduation
Professional Others
Occupation: Student Business Service Homemaker

Annual income (family): < 2 Lakhs 2-5 Lakhs >5-10 Lakhs
>10-20 Lakhs >20 Lakhs
Family Status: Single
With parents
With parents and siblings
With parents, siblings and grand parents
With extended family
109
6.2 ANNEXURE-2: TABLES OF GRAPH GIVEN IN
CHAPTER-3
6.2.1.1
Sr.No. Options Number of Percentage
responses
1 Agree 99 49.5%
2 Disagree 68 34%
3 Not Sure 33 16.5%
Total 200 100%
See Graph: 3.1.1 Page Number: 35

6.2.1.2
responses
1 Agree 33 16.5%
2 Disagree 154 77%
3 Not Sure 13 6.5%
Total 200 100%

6.2.1.3
responses
1 Agree 174 87%
2 Disagree 11 5.5%
3 Not Sure 15 7.5%
Total 200 100%
110
6.2.1.4

responses
1 Agree 196 98%
2 Disagree 1 0.5%
3 Not Sure 3 1.5%
Total 200 100%

6.2.1.5
responses
1 Agree 151 75.5%
2 Disagree 16 8%
3 Not Sure 33 16.5%
Total 200 100%

6.2.1.6
responses
1 Agree 196 98%
2 Disagree 0 0%
3 Not Sure 4 2%
Total 200 100%
111
6.2.1.7
responses
1 Agree 90 45%
2 Disagree 53 26.5%
3 Not Sure 57 28.5%
Total 200 100%

6.2.2
responses
1 Yes 185 92.5%
2 No 4 2%
3 Can’t Say 11 5.5%
Total 200 100%
See Graph: 3.2 Page Number: 42
6.2.3
responses
1 Yes 189 94.5%
2 No 6 3%
3 Can’t Say 5 2.5%
Total 200 100%
112
6.2.4
responses
1 Junk Food 160 41.88%
2 Diet Food 48 12.57%
3 Homemade Food 91 23.83%
4 Healthy Food 83 21.72%
Total 382 100%

6.2.5.1
responses
1 At Home 170 85%
2 Outside 10 5%
3 Do Not Consume 20 10%
Total 200 100%

6.2.5.2
responses
1 At Home 152 76%
2 Outside 41 20.5%
3 Do Not Consume 7 3.5%
Total 200 100%
113
6.2.5.3
responses
1 At Home 164 82%
2 Outside 27 13.5%
3 Do Not Consume 9 4.5%
Total 200 100%

6.2.6
responses
1 Once in a week 62 31%
2 More than once a week 50 25%
3 2-3 times in a month 55 27.5%
4 Daily 2 1%
5 Rarely 28 14%
6 Never 3 1.5%
Total 200 100%

6.2.7
responses
1 Yes 196 98%
2 No 3 1.5%
3 Can’t Say 1 0.5%
Total 200 100%
114
6.2.8
responses
1 Yes 194 97%
2 No 6 3%
Total 200 100%
6.2.9
responses
1 Yes 89 44.5%
2 No 111 55.5%
Total 200 100%

6.2.10
responses
1 Yes, Daily 69 34.5%
2 Yes, Mostly 35 17.5%
3 Yes, Sometimes 70 35%
4 No, Never 26 13%
Total 200 100%
115
6.2.11
responses
1 Poor 9 4.5%
2 Fair 41 20.5%
3 Good 84 42%
4 Very Good 43 21.5%
5 Excellent 23 11.5
Total 200 100%

6.2.12
responses
1 Walk 171 36.46%
2 Run 101 21.54%
3 Hike 19 4.05%
4 Aerobics 18 3.84%
5 Zumba 23 4.9%
6 Dance 36 7.68%
7 Yoga 72 15.35%
8 Others (Gym, Calisthenics, skipping, swimming, 29 6.18%
meditation, outdoor games)
Total 469 100%
116
6.2.13
responses
1 Yes 32 16%
2 No 162 81%
3 Don’t Want to Disclose 6 3%
Total 200 100%

6.2.14
responses
1 Yes 17 8.5%
2 No 181 90.5%
3 Don’t Want to Disclose 2 1%
Total 200 100%

6.2.15
responses
1 High Blood Pressure 10 4.9%
2 Cancer 1 0.49%
3 Stroke 2 0.98%
4 Depression 2 0.98%
5 Auto-Immune Disease 3 1.47%
6 Osteoporosis 0 0%
7 None of the Above 183 89.71%
8 Others (Asthma) 3 1.47%
Total 204 100%
117
6.2.16
responses
1 Yes 78 39%
2 No 122 61%
Total 200 100%

6.2.17
responses
1 2-4 Hours 5 2.5%
2 4-6 Hours 19 9.5%
3 6-8 Hours 148 74%
4 More than 8 Hours 28 14%
Total 200 100%

6.2.18
responses
1 Less than 1 Hour 61 30.5%
2 1-2 Hours 28 14%
3 3-4 Hours 7 3.5%
4 More than 4 Hours 1 0.5%
5 Not at All Playing 103 51.5%
Total 200 100%
118
6.2.19
responses
1 Action games 72 25.71%
2 Racing games 38 13.57%
3 Arcade 23 8.21%
4 Real time strategy games 62 22.14%
5 None of the above 85 30.35%
Total 280 100%

6.2.20
responses
1 Yes 106 53%
2 No 94 47%
Total 200 100%

6.2.21
responses
1 Less than 1 Hour 43 21.5%
2 1-2 Hours 82 41%
3 3-4 Hours 55 27.5%
Total 200 100%
119
6.2.22
responses
1 Social Networking Sites 176 60.48%
2 Review Sites 27 9.27%
3 News Sites 80 27.49%
4 Others (YouTube, Stock market, Educational sites) 8 4.3%
Total 291 100%

6.2.23
responses
1 WhatsApp 183 32.17%
2 Instagram 171 30.05%
3 LinkedIn 37 6.5%
4 Twitter 40 7.02%
5 Snapchat 88 15.47%
6 Facebook 44 7.74%
8 Others (Reddit, Skype) 6 1.05%
Total 569 100%
120
6.2.24
responses
1 Instagram 130 65%
2 WhatsApp 44 22%
3 Facebook 4 2%
4 Twitter 5 2.5%
5 Snapchat 12 6%
6 LinkedIn 5 2.5%
8 Messenger 0 0%
Total 200 100%

6.2.25
responses
1 16 or Below 73 36.5%
2 Above 16 127 63.5%
Total 200 100%

6.2.26
responses
1 Less than 1 Hour 124 62%
2 1-2 Hours 62 31%
3 3-4 Hours 10 2%
Total 200 100%
121
6.2.27
responses
1 Yes 49 49%
2 No 55 55%
3 Can’t Say 26 26%

6.2.28
responses
1 Once a day 48 48%
2 3-4 times a day 44 44%
3 More 8 8%
Total 100 100%

6.2.29
responses
1 Fun 54 32.92%
2 To reduce stress 44 26.83%
3 Peer pressure 9 5.49%
4 Addiction 57 34.76%
Total 161 100%
122
6.2.30
responses
1 Daily 17 17%
2 Weekly 7 7%
3 Monthly 3 3%
4 Never 41 41%
5 Don’t know 32 32%
Total 100 100%

6.2.31
responses
1 Yes 90 90%
2 No 21 1%
3 Not Sure 9 9%
Total 100 100%

6.2.32
responses
1 Yes 49 49%
2 No 55 55%
3 Can’t Say 26 26%
Total 100 100%
123
6.2.33
responses
1 Yes 78 39%
2 No 122 61%
Total 200 100%

6.2.34
responses
1 Daily 8 10.3%
2 Occasionally 57 73.1%
3 Rarely 13 16.7%
Total 78 100%

6.2.35
responses
1 For Fun 65 83.3%
2 Due to Friends Influence 23 29.5%
3 Addiction 14 17.9%
4 Peer Pressure 4 5.1%
Total 78 100%
124
6.2.36
responses
1 Yes 65 83.3%
2 No 2 2.6%
3 May Be 11 14.1%
Total 78 100%

6.2.37
responses
1 Yes 49 49%
2 No 55 55%
3 Can’t Say 26 26%
Total 78 100%

6.2.38
responses
1 Yes 8 10.3%
2 No 53 67.9%
3 Don’t Know 17 21.8%
Total 78 100%
125
6.2.40
responses
1 Yes 20 10%
2 No 180 90%
Total 200 100%

6.2.41
responses
1 Addiction 11 55%
2 Friends Influence 8 40%
3 Curiosity and Experiment 12 60%
4 Don’t Know 2 10%
Total 20 100%

6.2.42
responses
1 Yes 6 30%
2 No 9 45%
3 May Be 5 25%
Total 20 100%
126
6.2.44
responses
1 Yes 46 23%
2 No 154 77%
Total 200 100%

6.2.45
responses
1 Yes 21 45.7%
2 No 19 41.3%
3 Don’t Know 6 13%
Total 46 100%

6.2.46
responses
1 Family Problems 27 32.53%
2 Relationships Problems 22 26.51%
3 Work Related Problems 15 18.07%
4 School/Collage Problems 11 13.25%
5 Don’t Know 8 9.64%
Total 83 100%
127
6.2.47
responses
1 Yes 23 50%
2 No 9 19.6%
3 Don’t Know 14 30.4%
Total 46 100%

3.2.48
responses
1 Below 16 Years 5 2.5%
2 16-18 Years 23 11.5%
3 18-22 Years 131 65.5%
4 22-25 Years 41 20.5%
Total 200 100%

6.2.49
responses
1 Female 72 36%
2 Male 128 64%
Total 200 100%
128
6.2.50
responses
1 Schooling 20 10%
2 Graduation 136 68%
3 Post-Graduation 23 11.5%
4 Professional 18 9%
5 Others (Diploma) 3 1.5%
Total 20 100%

6.2.51
responses
1 Student 161 80.5%
2 Business 12 6%
3 Service 26 13%
4 Homemaker 1 0.5%
Total 200 100%

6.2.52
responses
1 <2 Lakhs 69 34.5%
2 2-5 Lakhs 66 33%
3 >5-10 Lakhs 35 17.5%
4 >10-20 Lakhs 22 11%
5 >20 Lakhs 8 4%
Total 200 100%
129
6.2.53
responses
1 Single 22 11%
2 With Parents 47 23.5%
3 With Parents and Siblings 80 40%
4 With Parents, Siblings and Grandparents 36 18%
5 With Extended Family 15 7.5%
Total 20 100%
130

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A GROUP PROJECT REPORT

TOWARDS PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF SEMESTER 6 REQUIREMENTS FOR

SR. NO. ROLL NO. NAME OF THE STUDENT

_____________ _____________ _____________

10TH APRIL, 2021

“No research without action, No action without research”- Kurt Lewin

MEMBERS OF GROUP NUMBER 11

1.1.2 As per National Youth Policy:

1.2.1 Employment and Unemployment Rate in India

1.3 ISSUES FOR THE YOUNG GENERATION

1.3.1 Health and Other Problems of Young People

1.3.1.7 Social Media

1.3.1.9 Parental Pressure

1.3.1.11 Online Bullying and Bullying at School

1.4 MEANING OF HEALTHY LIVING

1.4.2 Exercise and Meditation

1.5 LIFESTYLE SITUATION

1.5.2.2 Consequences of Teenage Alcohol Consumption:

1) An increased (and unusual) need for privacy

1.5.3.1 Secondhand Smoke: Dangers

1) Cyber-sexual Addiction: Addicted individuals are engaged in viewing, downloading and

1.5.5.1 The Effects of Screen Addiction

1.5.5.3 Social Media Addiction

1.6 STATISTICS ON LIFESTYLE DISEASES AND MENTAL ILLNESS

1.6.2 Causes of Diseases

1.6.3 Death Statistics in India

1.6.4 Mental Illness Among Young

(World Economic Forum)

1.6.5 People’s understanding of mental health

1.6.5.1 People's attitudes towards those affected

(World economic forum)

1.6.5.3.1 Pay attention to warning sign

1.6.5.3.2 Get routine medical care

Africa Australia USA UK UAE

1.7.3.1 Dietary Behaviours

1.7.3.1 Physical Activity and Sleep

1.7.3.2 Mental Health

 lesbian and bisexual females, 69%

1.7.4 United Kingdom

1.7.5.2 Leading causes of mortality

1.7.5.4 Tobacco and alcohol use

2.2 SOURCES OF DATA

2.2.1 Secondary data

2.2.2 Primary data

2.2.2.1 Research instrument

A structured undisguised questionnaire is used as research instrument. One of upper hand is

2.2.2.2 Population of study

People of Ahmedabad, Surat and Rajkot city in March 2021.

2.2.2.3 Sampling element

An individual who is aged between 14 to 25 years.

2.3.1 Convenience sampling:

2.4 SAMPLE SIZE

2.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

AGRE E D ISAGRE E N OT SURE

See Table: 6.2.1.1 Page number: 110

AGRE E D ISAGRE E N OT SURE

See Table: 6.2.1.2 Page number: 110

AGRE E D ISAGRE E N OT SURE

See Table: 6.2.1.3 Page number: 110

AGRE E D ISAGRE E N OT SURE

See Table: 6.2.1.4 Page number: 111

AGREE DISAGREE NOT SURE

_______ _ _______