ZGE 1106 : Readings in Philippine History

N PE RIO D CA RIC
ICA PE RIO D CA RIC AT U
ER CA N IOD C AT R
M RI N P ER AR ICA UR ES
E
AM RIC A TU ES
A E RE
AM S
Fernandez, Krizia |Guzman, Yssabela | Reyes, Yvan | Soligam, Charise
 Philippine Political Cartoons

Philippine political cartoons gained full

expression during the American era. Filipino

artists recorded national attitudes toward the

coming of the Americans as well as the

changing mores and times.

Historian Alfred McCoy’s extensive research

in Philippine and American archives provides a

comprehensive background not only to the

cartoons but to the turbulent period as well.

 e Independe
Political Caricature

h Independ
The depen entnt Major Elements
Minor Elements

The In den Moro Imperialism

t
Christians

T Contextual

The Moros
Interpretation

and Christians in the

character of chickens are battling

for a religiously based issue of

independence in Mindanao.

Historical Events

Imperialism is causing the two

religions to fight over the

independence of the island of

Mindanao.
 e Independe
Political Caricature

h Independ
The depen entnt Problem or issue presented

The In den
The Moros do not intend to be

t
beholden to a Christian Filipino

T
Governor and wished for the

retention of the American

sovereignty.

Problems/ Issues Continually

Existing Until Today

No issues since President Rodrigo

Duterte signed the “Bangsamoro

Organic Law” into law as it aims to

bring peace by addressing the

grievances, sentiments, and

demands of Muslims in the region.

 w Bird of Pr
Economic Caricature

e Bird of P ey
New Bird of Prey Major Elements
Minor Elements

New rey
Governor- Scissors

general Money

N
(Harisson) cut Bags of Rents

the wings of and Alquileres

the bird.

Eagle/bird

being the

landlord

Contextual Interpretation

The governor-general is not

tolerating the eagle for its

wrongful acts by saying, “ENOUGH!

BASTA!”
 w Bird of Pr
Economic Caricature

e Bird of P ey
New Bird of Prey
Historical

The
Events

Director-General of Civil

New rey
Services supports the issue against

the high prices of rent and

N
incompetence of it. Thus, he comes

up with a resolution yet it did not

become successful.

Problem or issue presented

The high prices of rent were

propelled to the office of the

governor-general who was

persuaded to craft a law that would

set the rent to 12% of the assessed

value of the property as suggested

by the Director-General of Civil

Services.
 w B ird of Pr
Economic Caricature

e Ind epen
Nhe ndependentd ey
The I ent
T Problems/

Existing

High
Issues

Until

prices
Today

of
Continually

rent are still

occurring because there are cities

where there is higher economic

growth. That being so, the rents

are one of their ways to keep pace

regardless of the status quo.

 he Mosquito
Sociocultural Caricature
e t Mosqu i
ito is
r the s
e s
r the Mo quito
Minor Elements
Major Elements
e e e

K
h
A mosquito

i
Coffin

n
W

K
stepping on

r
A direction to

g gg
h

i
public health

n
W

the cemetery

official

K
sign
h

Army of

i
Home setting

n
W

mosquitoes

The sword that

Public health

the mosquito is

officials

holding

Contextual Interpretation

The mosquitoes are attacking the

public health officials and causing

them to death.
 he Mosquito
Sociocultural Caricature
e t Mosqu i
ito is
r the s
Historical Events

e s
r the Mo quito
e e e

K
During the Filipinization program
h
i

i
that began in 1913, the

n
W

K
r
management of public health began

g gg
h

i
to worsen with the transfer of

n
W

public health management to the

K
h

care of Filipino bureaucrats. The

ni
W

public health officials failed to

control and handle the malaria

outbreak.

Problem or issue presented

There was an outbreak of malaria

in Manila and there is one public

health official who is surrendering

as the mosquito is stepping on him.

 he Mosquito
Sociocultural Caricature
e t Mosqu i
ito is
r the s
e s
r the Mo quito
e e e

K
h
i

i
s

n
W

K
r
Problems/ Issues Continually

g gg
h

i
Existing Until Today

n
W

K
The Philippines is currently
h

i
having a massively increasing

n
W

number of COVID cases.

Therefore, a lockdown was once

again applied to some parts of the

country. The government and

health workers could not manage

the situation effectively.

 SALAMAT!
Reference:
Mccoy, A.W., & Roces A. (1985) Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era, 1900-41 Scanned[PDF]. Research Gate.
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/AlfredMccoy/publication/315678206_Selected_sections_and_cartoons_from_%27Philippin
e_Cartoons_Political_Caricature_of_the_American_Era_1900