FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE

Figures Of Speech and Definition Examples

Sound Devices

SIMILE An indirect comparison of unlike The dangerous city looks like a sleeping tiger at
objects with the use of "as" or midnight. & She is as innocent as an angel
"like".

METAPHOR A direct comparison of unlike An unknown island rich in natural resources is a

objects. pot of gold for the conquistadors.

PERSONIFICATION Non human objects are given The enchanting forest is drawing me close to her.
human qualities.

HYPERBOLE Exaggeration or OA The survivors of Typhoon Yolanda cried a river

during the turnover of theri newly-built houses.

LITOTES Understatement using double You won't be sorry you joined us in this nature
negatives. trip.

METONYMY A substitute a word or group of The Malacanang Palace shuts down mining
words for an abstract idea. companies that do not follow environment
regulations.

SYNECDOCHE The substitute word is a part of We need more hands to continue our advocacy
the whole. on conservation of energy.

ONOMATOPOEIA The word suggests or imitates the The boom of the loud explosion shocked and
sound of something. terrified the quiet neighborhood.

OXYMORON Opposing words that are placed The country's production of nuclear weapons
side by side. was as open secret.

PARADOX A self - contradictory statement The child is father of the man.

that leaves something to think (William Wordsworth)
about.

EUPHEMISM An expression used for sugar Dumbledore told one of his lazy professors, "I
coating something rude, blun, or will have to let you go". (A sugarcoat for firing
offensive. tragic, someone who is not performing.)

IRONY The intended meaning is the What a beautiful weather! (The sky is dark,
opposite of what is stated. lightnings
striking, thunders are booming.)               

APOSTROPHE Addressing an absent or dead Death be not proud, though

person or a nonhuman entity as if some have called thee mighty and
 it can reply. dreadful, for, thou are not so. (John Donne)

Haiku
- Is a Japanese poem of poetry.
- Traditionally, the poem had a nature theme, but these days they can be written about a variety of
subjects.
- To write a haiku, you must understand syllables.
- A syllable is a part of a word that has one beat or sound.
Ex. pen
One beat = one syllable Ballpen
Two beats + two syllables

A haiku poem has three lines and follows a pattern of syllables.

The first line has five syllables 5
The second line has seven syllables 7
The third line has five syllables 5
A haiku poem doesn't rhyme

Ex. Peacefulness
- Calm as river
Tranquility in my heart
Blue summer skies reign

- Words in my head
Words that rule all my thoughts
Word of the week

POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE MESSAGES

POSITIVE MESSAGES
- In safety signs are messages that give the viewer a sense of guidance on what are allowed and required in
a vicinity. These also give viewers directional instructions that are oftentimes mandatory, especially what
to do during emergency.
- As a whole, these are positive messages because if you follow these signs, your safety is guaranteed or
certain risks are avoided.

NEGATIVE MESSAGES
- In safety signs, on the contrary, express warnings, precautions, regulations, and prohibitions. These
messages tell you what you must not do.
- These signs are placed necessarily as an alarm to definite dangers, and if you do not take heed, negative
or unfavorable circumstances might arise, such as accidents or injuries.

ELEMENTS OF POETRY
SPEAKER OR PERSONA
VERSE - a single line of poetry
STANZA - a group of lines in a poem
TONE - the poet attitude toward the subject, theme, or readers
(Positive or negative)
RHYME SCHEME - the pattern of similar sounds
RHYTHM - the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables within a single line or verse
IMAGERY AND FIGURE OF SPEECH8ok8ot8

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