INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

Commertial Building In swat

Submitted to

SARHAD UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY PESHAWAR

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of technology in Civil

By

Name: Ihsanullah khan

Reg# SUIT-15-01-079-0697

Roll No: 15-FA-64888

Duration:-15 June 2017 TO 15 June 2018

SUPERVISED BY

Aqal Wazir Khan

Govt Contractor

CENTRE FOR DEVELOPMENT

SAIDU POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

As per university syllabus we have to take industrial training. We take training at

MINGORA CITY, Swat KPK. It is my pleasure to be indebted to various people,
who directly to indirectly contributed in the development of this work and who
influence my thinking, behavior, and acts during the training. I express my sincere
gratitude to manager director Aqal Wazir Khan for providing me an opportunity to
undergo industrial training at his construction company.Great appreciation goes to
Arch: Junaid Ali who helps us from time to time during the project.

We are thankful to Mr. Waseem Khan for his support, cooperation, and motivation
provided to me during the training for constant inspiration, presence and blessings.
The supervision and support that he gave truly help the progression and
smoothness of the internship program. The co-operation is much indeed
appreciated.

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INTRODUCTION:

As the main act of such company is building construction so therefor will take start
of my introduction from building side

“A structure (such as a house, hospital, school, etc.) with a roof and walls that is
used as a place for people to live, work, do activities, store things, etc.”
We may can also say that building is shelter provided for to protect inmates from
the effects of weather, thief, sun rays etc. During my training my work was to
provide daily work report and to know modern techniques that are in run with a
modern manner in the construction field. During my field line work or training I
face two sections, one was to work on construction field which is belong to my life
practical experience while on other hand I was merged with office work that
include official life. Through this field I become able to understand little bit about
the field life and its need and life.

INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT:
the project is comprised of school building which is lcated in our home town
Pirkalay. It is the Government High School Pirkalay. This is going to be a first
modern design with fully facilitated environment in such area, which will be one of
a good model for attraction of public minds.

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 ABOUT PROJECT
Location
Pirkalay Swat

Concept
The product has TROPICAL FEEL. The architecture style, landscaping is in sync
with the theme, Modern style outer facade of the towers. This project contain the
following units

Architecture touch
Shops
Parking Area
Restaurant
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Residential Flats
Stores
Common rooms
Meeting Rooms
Terraces

Structure
R.C.C Framed Structure

Air Conditioning
Split AC as per design & apartment configuration

Living Room, Dining Room & Lounge Floors

Marble Flooring External Doors and Windows: Window steel frame with wooden
shutters doors, Walls, Internal Oil Bound Distemper, External Good Quality
external grade paint, Internal Doors, Enamel painted Flush doors.

Bedrooms & Dress:

Floors: Laminated Wooden flooring, External Doors and Windows, Window steel
frame with wooden shutters Doors Walls, Internal: Oil Bound Distemper External,
Good Quality external grade paint, Internal doors: Enamel painted Flush doors,
Wardrobes: Built-in wardrobe

Toilets
Floors: Tiles External Doors and Windows, Window steel frame with wooden
shutters Doors, Fixture and Fittings, All provided of Standard Company make
Exhaust fan, Wall Tiles in cladding up to 7’ in shower area and 3’-6” in balance
areas, Internal doors, Enamel painted Flush doors.

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Kitchens
Floors: Marble Flooring External Doors and Windows, Window steel frame with
wooden shutters Doors, Fixture and Fittings: Stone Top with sink Exhaust fan,
Walls with Ceramic Tiles 2’-6” above counter, Balance walls painted n Oil Bound
distemper.

Balconies & Verandah

Floors: Ceramic / Mosaic Tiles / Marble, Design textures on columns and veranda
and walls

Shops
Floors: mosaic/ cement slat / with rock borders and granite tiles steps

Terrace
Terrace on common rooms and such places are designed as to make it insulated
also therefor the jambolan material provided by company is applying in it.

ABOUT MATERIALS
Ordinary Portland cement
Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) a combination of clinker and gypsum of good
quality. Ordinary Portland cement is manufactured by first burning at a very high
temperature the mixture of calcareous (mainly calcium carbonate) and argillaceous
(mainly clay) and then grinding the calcanei product (i.e. clinker) with small
amount of gypsum in to a fine power known as ordinary Portland cement. Good
quality cement has the following features, Reduced water requirement Improve
Workability Less permissible to moisture Improved resistance to acid and
chlorides Reduced heat of hydration Easier to finish Reduced shrinkage Reduced
leaching problems because it is low as Free lime

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Sand:
These are cohesion less aggregates of either, rounded sub rounded, angular, sub
angular or flat fragments of more or less unaltered rock of minerals consisting of
90% of particles of size greater than 0.06 mm and less than 2 mm. Alternatively,
these are coarse grained cohesion less particles of silica derived from the
disintegration of rock. These are of three types:

Coarse sand
It is one which contains 90% of particles of size greater than 0.6mm and less than 2
mm.

Medium sand
it is one, which contains 90% particles size greater than 0.2 mm and less than 0.6
mm.

Fine sand
it is one, which contains 90% of particles of size greater than 0.06 mm and less
than 0.2 mm. Proper selection of sand is critical in the durability and performance
of concrete mixture. It should be Clear, angular and hard Free from clay, mica and
soft, flaky material Graded, which means it should be a mix of fine, medium and
coarse sand Fee from contaminates like sea salt Consistent in moisture (water)
content which should not exceed 7%. When mixing concrete the moisture Content
must be taken in to consideration. The price of sand includes three or four
components- base cost, transportation, handling and number of Intermediaries.
Procuring sand in bulk directly from the source will be cheaper. Your
neighborhood dealer in this case is likely to be costlier, except when you need
smaller quantities.

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Building Stone
Building stones are obtained from the rocks occurring in nature. The stones are
used into construct the foundation, super structure and many of the building
components. The various stones derived from these types of rocks are as follows:
Principal stones from igneous rocks, Granite, Basalt and Trap, Principal stones
from sedimentary rocks, Sand stone, Shale.

Properties or requirement of good building stone:

A good building stone should possess several characteristics such as high strength
(crushing strength>1000kg/cm ), high durability, sufficient hardness(coefficient of
hardness>14), high resistance to wear, good fire resistance, specific gravity more
than 2.7, crystalline structure, high impact value(toughness index> 13) low water
absorption (percentage absorption after 24hour less than 0.6), weather resistance
and better appearance.

Bricks
Bricks are distinguished by their base (row) material and size. Standard brunt clay
bricks come in the size 9" x 4.5" x 3". Modular bricks, rarely used because they are
not easily available, come in the size 200mm x 100mm x 100mm (including mortar
thickness) Fly ash bricks, sometimes also come in modular form. Conventional
bricks have a frog (depressed / raised portion) on one of the larger surface bearing
the Manufacturer’s brand. These also provide a good mechanical key for bonding
(lock ability) with mortar. The modular bricks do not have the frog on them. Fly
ash bricks exhibit almost similar mechanical properties as brunt clay bricks.
Exposed brickwork with precise pointing is possible if the shapes are perfect

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The four board categories of bricks used in construction

1st Class Brick, 2nd Class Brick, 3rd Class Brick, Over burnetBricks1
Perfect in Size/shape/ quality of burning Not so uniform as 1st class bricks in
Size/shape/ quality of burning Much interior to 2nd class bricks in terms of
Size/shape/ quality of burning Absolutely out shape of size, over burnet. Fused
with more bricks with a honey comb texture, Red to cherry red in color, Red in
color, Dark red in color, Black in color, Do not absorb more than 15-17% water of
their own weight, if kept submerged for one hour under water Do not absorb more
than 22% water of their own weight, if kept submerged for one hour under water.
Do not absorb more than 25%water of their own eight , if kept submerged for one
hour under water4. Suitable for floors &reinforced brick slabs. Used for internal
walls. Used for interior construction works, where less rainfall occurs Not used in
building construction works & used as road metal, also in foundations.
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Aggregate
Aggregates is a general term applied to those inert (that chemically inactive)
material, which when bounded together by cement, form concrete. Most aggregates
used in this country are naturally occurring aggregates such as Sand, crushed rock
and gravel.

Aggregates for concrete are divided into three categories:

Fine Aggregates
most of which passes through 4.75 mm sieve and retained on 150 micron.

Coarse Aggregates
most of which passes through 63 mm sieve and retained on 4.75 micron.

All in Aggregate
Mixed aggregate, as it comes from the pit or river bed. It is sometimes used for
unimportant work without separating into different sizes.

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