Chapter 3 – THE GROWTH OF ISLAM

Glossary:
Caliphate – the office, government, reign or territory of a caliph
Delegate – a person chosen or elected to represent a country
Idolatry – the worship of figures and statues as gods.
Allegiance – loyalty to a government or ruler.
Navigation – the skill or process of plotting a route and directing a ship

I. Answer the following questions.

1. Name the Caliphs Al-Rashidoon
Abu Bakr, Omar, Othman and Ali

2. List reasons why Abu Bakr’ was nominated as the first Caliph.
• He was the oldest companion of the Prophet (PBUH)

• He was of Quraish, and his daughter Aisha was the widow of the Prophet (PBUH)

• He was the first man to convert to Islam

• He was the man who sacrificed most for the cause of Islam

• He accompanied the Prophet (PBUH) on his Hijra (departure from Mecca);

• The Prophet (PBUH), when he was ill, chose him to lead the Muslims; during the

prayer time.

3. What were the main points of Abu Bakr’s speech in the Prophet’s (PBUH)
mosque?
• Explaining the relationship between the ruler and the ruled ;

• Stressing that the ruler must abide by the Holy Qur'an and Sunnah (traditional

Islamic law based on the words and acts of the Prophet (PBUH);
• Emphasizing that the system of rule depended on mutual consultation and

co-operation between the ruler and the ruled;

• Emphasizing the equality of all people ;

• Stressing that justice is the foundation of government

• Emphasizing that the philosophy of the Islamic state was based on justified strength

promoted by the concept of the holy war for Allah (Jihad).

4. Define Apostasy.

Apostasy means to abandon one’s faith.

5. What were the motives of for these Islamic conquests.

• The strong belief of the Muslims that "who ever dies in the path of Allah will enter

paradise and enjoy its everlasting bliss". Thus they wanted all people to share this joy;

• The people under Persian and Byzantine rule were already complaining about bad

economic conditions and being persecuted by their rulers.

6. Who was nominated as the first Caliph?

Abu Bakr
7. Which battle was also known as “the battle of chains”?
The Battle of Kazma
8. Who are Mawalis?
A large group of people who converted to Islam and attached themselves to an Arab
tribe were called Mawalis.
9. Who was the guide on the famous journey of the Portuguese explorer, Vasco Da
Gama?
Ahmad Bin Majid
10. Which university was the main education centre for many Europeans?
Al-Andalus
11. In which war Muslim army defeated Persian?
The battle of Nahawand
12. In which year battle of Qadisiya took place?
In 16 AH(636 AD)

Fill in the blanks

1. The Muslim army which was led by Khalid Bin Al-Waleed, fought the Persian army
in a great battle of Kazama in Kazama(near the borders of modern Kuwait).
2. Battle of Basra is also known as battle of the camels.
3. The Ottoman Empire was founded by the Turkish leader Osman.
4. Al-Andalus universities were the centres of education for many Europeans.
5. Ahmad Bin Majid most famous Arab sailor.
6. Al-Koliat, is book written by Ibn Rushd on medicine.
7. Al-Tasreef is a book written by Al-Zahrawy on surgery.
8. Lebanon was given republican status under French man date from 1920-1946
9. The treaty of Lausanne in 1923 formally ended the ottoman Empire by establishing
Turkey as an independent country.
10. Al-Ahmar was the founder of the Nasrid dynasty.
11. Calligraphy is a type of handwriting.
12. Besiege means to surround a city with military forces to be about its surrender.