PRODUCTS USE IN RAIL/METRO

• Leonardus Ridolfi
• Regional Sales Manager Brazil
(FIRE & GAS) FROM ADVANCED DETECTION BY
HONEYWELL SECURITY & FIRE INC.
 Honeywell Overview
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http://www.metro.honeywell.com/
 Agenda

• Xtralis Value Proposition

• Trade-offs for Optimum Protection
• Challenging Environments
• Fire causes in Railway and Metro facilities
• Risk & Hazard’s in Metro Rail Infrastructures
• Safety and Regulation
• Protecting Railway and Metro facilities using VESDA Laser Industrial VLI
• Combined Aspirating Smoke & Gas Detection – Cost Effective Solution
• Xtralis Rail / Metro Expertise and Reference list
 Xtralis Value Proposition

Unreliable or late Human error is Distinguishing false Triggering of

detection results in common alarms from real threats suppression systems
real disasters can be challenging is expensive

Why early
and accurate
detection is
critical

Namdaemun, Korea Bangladesh mall fire/9 dead

600-year-old landmark lost

Xtralis value proposition – Prevention of disasters through early detection

Total loss

Detect Assess Respond

Increasing threat
Impact of threat

Increasing threat
General damage

Xtralis Advantage Local damage

Activity disruption
Detect Assess Respond
Minimal to no damage

Time
 VESDA & ECO Proposition
• Very Early Warning Smoke & Gas Detection
• Very Wide Sensitivity Range
• Active detection performance
• Cumulative detection performance
• Effectively handles high airflow, benefits
from…
• Detector in a safe, accessible location
- Ease of maintenance
- Long life
- Fully compliant with NFPA 72,130, 502,520
& 850
- SIL II & III Certified Products
- Performance Based Design Approach

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Benefits of ASPIRATING SMOKE & GAS DETECTION
Monitors airflow to ensure reliable sampling

vs
ACTIVE SMOKE & GAS PASSIVE DETECTION
DETECTION
 Aspirated Smoke Detectors
• Multiple active sampling holes
to central detector
• Advanced light scattering
chamber
• Very Early Waring and
absolute detection
• Advanced connectivity
• Pipe CPVC ¾”
8
• Challenges
• Cumulative detection – smoke
in to more than one hole
• Ease of install and pipe
network supervision
• Centralized Detection and
Maintenance
• BUT… no addressability

VEA Sampling Port – Placement and Coverage
NFPA 72 – Ch. 17 Initiating Devices
17.7.3.6 Air Sampling–Type Smoke Detector.
17.7.3.6.1 Each sampling port of an air sampling–
type smoke detector shall be treated as a spot-type
detector for the purpose of location and spacing.
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17.7.3.2.3.1* In the absence of specific
performance-based design
criteria, one of the following requirements
shall apply:
(1) The distance between smoke detectors shall not exceed
a nominal spacing of 30 ft (9.1 m) and there shall be
detectors within a distance of one-half the nominal spacing,
measured at right angles from all walls or partitions
Extending upward to within the top 15 percent of the ceiling
height.
(2)*All points on the ceiling shall have a detector within a
distance equal to or less than 0.7 times the nominal 30ft
(9.1 m) spacing (0.7S).
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VEA – Operation (Smoke Event)

• Upon detection of smoke it raises a global alarm, upon reaching
Fire 1 Threshold it then scans each tube in pairs.

• This Scanning function identifies the smoke source by tube with

the highest level of Obsc.

• Commissioning stage, smoke test each sampling point, using

walk test to make it easier.
VEA - Tube Distances/Airflow Considerations

VEA Capabilities:

Ø 0-4000 cfm
Ø VEA can withstand about 30-40 pascal pressure
differential
Ø Pressure differentials are the biggest concern and to
be discussed while creation of design and its
parameters
 INDUSTRIAL CABINET

Risk and Challenge

• Access: Access to electrical cabinets is easy but when detection
is in cabinet it will be difficult to access and maintain.

• In Case of Fire: Downtown of business a very critical.

How We Can Provide Value

• Pinpoint Addressability: pinpoint addressability allows quick response
and limited or partial shutdown in case of fire detection.
• Assured Detection: Active detection provides earlier detection than
passive smoke detection systems allowing early intervention.
• Auto Cleaning: Auto cleaning microbore tubes and sampling point
significantly improves usability of the system.
• Centralized Maintenance: Eliminating the need to access the cabinet
for testing or maintenance.
VESDA-E VEA – Assured Detection
VEA is always more reliable to detect smoke

• Active sampling continuously draws air for earliest

detection and intervention preventing loss of life and
assets
Active Passive
• Full supervision of microbore tubes and sampling
points ensures total system availability and no missed
alarms

• Self cleaning sampling points prevent contamination

and blockages and minimises false alarms û
Supervised
Unsupervised
• Reliable early warning with absolute calibration, dual
stage filtering, optics protection and programmable
thresholds

û
Self Clean Contaminated
VESDA-E VEA–Flexible and Fast Installation
VEA is fast and easy to install

• VEA detector is located in central location

expandable up to 120 sampling points placed
at standard addressable detector spacing
• Flexible microbore tubes are easy to install
with push-fit connections and passive hence
no compliance requirements to electrical codes
• Unique serial numbers and tube length
markings allow pre-engineered and faster
installation
• Eliminates need for electrical configuration
including electrical cables, junction box,
reduces installation cost and time
VEA – Centralized Test and Maintenance
All automated tests can be selectively done
manually after servicing
C Centralized manual testing for blockage,
breakage or self cleaning
C Centralized smoke testing at detector
C No need to test at remote locations
C One man operation
C No special tools required
C Secure
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Code Compliance – NFPA72 Requirements

• VEA complies with NFPA 72 initial acceptance and annual testing
requirements with minimal testing

VEA is air sampling detector

• In a rigid pipe ASD system sample air and hence the
smoke is combined from all holes in the pipe and then
reaches to the smoke chamber, similarly in VEA
sample air and hence smoke is combined from all the
tubes through the rotary valve in to a pipe inside the
VEA system and then reached to the smoke chamber.
• VEA continuously verifies the airflow through all the
sampling points.
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Code Compliance – NFPA72 Testing

• With full supervision and
automated centralized tests VEA
verifies end to end system
operation on continuous basis
and performs system integrity
tests at set intervals much
shorter than annual period
required by NFPA72
- VEA continuously monitors
airflow from each sampling point
to detect clogged/broken tubes
ro sample points
- Full supervision of the sampling
point and microbore tube at set
intervals much shorter than
annual test
- End to end system integrity
monitoring allows centralized
smoke test (to test smoke
chamber)
• AHJs accepting automated
testing and centralized test and
maintenance
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VEA Installation
Remote/Annual Performance testing method
Sensepoint XCL for VESDA Systems Product Range
• Gas
• CO, 300 ppm full-scale range, selectable
between 50 and 1000 ppm using the
Sensepoint App
• Output Versions
• mA or Modbus
• Additional Interfaces
• Relay and Bluetooth
• Polycarbonate Housing
• Black in colour
• Tubing Connection
• 4 mm ID, 6 mm OD push fit onto Flow
Housing ports
• Detectors tested 100% in factory via
flexible tubes for sealing under vacuum

• Xtralis • VESDA SENSEPOINT XCL – MICROBORE ASD SYSTEM

• Gas detection for VESDA-E VEA
detector
• Connects to 6mm VEA micro-bore
tubing
• Integrates with other building systems,
including FACP, PLCs, HVAC and bldg
management systems to provide real-
time situational awareness.
• CO-Carbon Monoxide, CH4-
Methane/Natural Gas & H2-Hydrogen

June 9 Las Vegas

Optimum Protection Requires a Balance

Fire Triangle Detection Triangle

Challenging environments complicate achieving optimum protection

 The Detection Triangle

• Provides the highest level of detection to ensure

protection of…
- Life
- Property
- Business continuity
- Environment

• Without false alarms that

- Create disruptive false or nuisance alarms
- De-sensitize personnel and occupants to alarms
- Ultimately leading to disregarding alarms or disabling safety systems
- Place an extra burden on local first responders

• At an affordable cost
- Initial installation cost
- Long term operating, servicing, and testing costs
Railway and Metro:
Safety and Regulation
 Railway/Metro Safety & Regulations
§ FTA-USDOT Strategy promotes continuous improvement to increase
“CORE Capacity objectives” which involves increased safety, security, and
emergency preparedness for first responders. Assess and target resources
and assistance toward the most frequent types of accidents and security
incidents and the most catastrophic risks to passengers, employees and
transit property, with the key goals of:
- Implement integrated safety, security and emergency strategies.
- Reduce severity of incidents and risks to all.

§ The “all-hazards” concept (Risk-based Safety Assurance Process) is for all

aspects of crisis management, including prevention, protection, response,
and recovery.
§ Risk-based process includes elements of Data Collection & Analysis,
Research & Technology Development, Standards Development, Safety &
Security Program.
What is Performance-Based Design (PBD)?
A Risk-Informed Alternative Fire Safety Solution

= Building/Life Safety & Risk Management

Providing a “Building & Asset” protection solution that complies with the performance requirements of a code, and
the needs of business continuity and risk management other than by reason of satisfying the deemed-to-satisfy
provisions.
“thinking and working in
terms of ends, not
means”

Plain Language
Ø “A cost effective building safety solution that meets qualitative (e.g. suitable, available and better) and quantitative (e.g. 60 seconds detection
time, intelligent, logical and procedure) performance criteria of fire safety requirements”.
Ø Improvised Egress Evac Time response with CFD modelling results for Smoke & Gas vs. total occupancy
Ø How to over come challenges posed by smoke control systems as per NFPA 204, 92 & 90A
Ø How to safeguarding of life and property against fire, explosion, and related hazard associated with developed subterranean spaces as per NFPA 520 &
NFPA130
Ø Today problem facing designer is how to ensure that the presence of SMOKE & GAS and leaks is promptly detected at incipient stages
through all potential pre-fire temperature and toxic profiles in hot/cold days impacting smoke / fumes plume in co-relation to HRR – Heat Release Rate
A PBD Model for Railway Safety Administrative
Provisions
§ Railway Regulations (criteria).
§ Safety Codes (e.g. NFPA 130).
§ Rail/Metro operator’s requirements. Design
§ AHJs input. Performanc
e Levels

Objectives
Guidance Level

Compliance Level Functional

Statements

§ Railway Regulations (evidences). Performance Requirements

§ Code Compliance (Design, Product).
§ Site specific needs.
§ AHJs approval. Acceptable Methods
Fire causes in Railway and Metro facilities
Railway and Metro
infrastructures:
Risks and hazards …
 Risks & Hazards
§ High-current electrical equipment and faults, with large amount of equipment
and cabling.

§ Security threats to service depots, trackside communication hubs, rail tracks

and power-supply network.

§ Accumulation of flammable gases from routine operations, faulty equipment or

underground gas leaks.

§ Friction fires caused by mechanical equipment failure which is often fuelled

by a build-up of oil and lint.

§ Risk of incipient fire in enclosed, concealed and dusty spaces,

unsupervised areas and unmanned operation such as driverless trains.

• Difficult and complicated egress to safety with high density of commuters

A ‘Challenging Environment’ is a space where:
• Detection is difficult due to:

─ Environmental conditions that cause false and nuisance alarms

─ Environmental conditions that shorten detector life
─ High and variable airflows turbulence up to 90MPH air velocities under piston effects
─ 3rd Rail and overhead traction
─ Corrosion & Low visibility

• Detector sensitivity and longevity are compromised in ‘harsh’ environments due to:

─ Dirt and Brake dust

─ Temperature extremes
─ High EMI
─ Moisture, fog, steam, water condensation
─ Birds and insects
─ Building movement
─ Detector location
─ Toxic and corrosive gases
─ Driving Lower LCC Life Cycle Cost for rail /metro operators
Protecting Railway and Metro
facilities
using VESDA Laser Industrial VLI
 VESDA VLI… Designed for Industrial Environments

§ Patented absolute detection with clean

air barrier

§ Patented fail safe intelligent filter

§ Patented In-field Clean Air Zero

§ 1,200 feet total pipe length Detection chamber

w/clean air zero High
efficiency
§ NEMA 4 / IP66 enclosure aspirator

§ Conformal coated PCBs

Electronics Intelligent
Filter
§ 100% Modular Design - field
replaceable modules
Secondary
inertial filter
 Cost-effective Detection of Other Hazards

Aspirating Smoke Dual-gas detector Optional touch-

Detection System added to ASD pipe screen controller

§ Efficiently monitors additional environmental threats

§ Simple expansion to monitor multiple gases
§ Centralized monitoring for real-time awareness
§ Integrates with PLCs/HVAC/BMS
 Xtralis
VESDA ECO™
Available Gases
§ Factory calibrated sensors
§ Plug and play replaceable
sensor cartridges
§ Single or dual sensors
§ Class 1 Div 2
 Value Proposition – Total Cost of Ownership

Total Cost of Ownership…

Conventional Gas 6+ times more than ASD with ECO

Conventional ECO Added

Gas
Point Gas to ASD
Controller
Detector System
Conventional Point Gas Detectors Number of Detectors 6 1
Number of Controllers 1 1
Cable/conduit run (feet) 400 10
Material cost @ $2/foot $800 $20
ECO
Installation Labor at $60/hr
Controller Cable/conduit Install @ 6min/foot $60 $60
Detector Install labor 6 hours 30 min
Installation labor cost @$60/Hr $360 $30
x x x Quarterly Calibration 3 hours 30 min
Special Install Equip Lift None
ECO Detector
Total Install & Labor Over 5 years
x x x $4,820 $710
@ $60/hour
ASD Detector
ASD Aspiration Point
Flammable and Toxic Gases
• Utility tunnels and cable entry chambers
and below grade vaults
- Utility gas lines (natural gas/propane)
- Sewer gas (Methane and Hydrogen
Sulphide)
- Oxygen depletion

• Train and road tunnels / service tunnels /

loading bays and car parks
- Carbon monoxide and Nitrogen dioxide
 Innovation in Life Safety Technology

Switch Room

Metro Station

CO, NO2, CH4

H2, CO, CH4

CO, NO2, H2 Zone Detection

Utility Duct
Localized
Detection

Total-area
Detection

O2, CH4, H2S, CO

Innovation in Life Safety Technology
VESDA: Providing early detection where smoke dilution is an issue

VESDA ECO: Providing early detection where gas measurement is also required

Smoke drifts away

from conventional
detectors

VESDA sampling
pipes are located
where smoke will
travel or originate
 VESDA Solution in Rolling Stock…

Typical Applications:

§ Passenger carriage
§ Technical rooms and cabinets
§ Driver cabs
§ Toilets
§ Buffet, power and luggage cars
§ HVAC integration for outside or
inside carriage fire detection
 US Reference
MTA (New York City) Long Island railroad - East side Access Station

46
MTA (New York City) Long Island railroad - East side Access Station and Tunnels
LA Metro Union Station
Waiting Halls & Ticketing Areas
Hartsfield - Jackson Airport Metro Tunnels in Atlanta completed in Aug 2015
Red Line rail tunnel under Cleveland Hopkins
International Airport.
VESDA installed in Feb 2012

Ottawa City Train Repair Depot

VESDA, VESDA-ECO (CO and NO2) for train repair
depot and exhausts installed in 2011
§ Moscow Protecting Rail/Metro Infrastructure
§ Madrid, Barcelona
§ Oslo
§ Stockholm
§ London
§ Paris
§ Auckland
§ Bucharest
§ Network Rail, UK
§ Melbourne, Sydney, Perth,
Brisbane
§ Hong Kong MTR
§ China (Beijing, Chongqing,
Chengdu, Shanghai,
Shenzhen, Wuhan,
Shenyang, Kunming,
Guangzhou)
§ Dubai Metro
§ Riyadh Metro
§ Seoul
§ USA
WMATA
Sound Transit
§ Sau Paulo - Brazil
 Protecting Road and Rail tunnels
Project name Country Environment
Smoke and Gas detection
Prague Metro Czechoslovakia Rail
Barcelona Metro System Spain Rail
City of Birmingham United Kingdom Multimodal
London Underground United Kingdom Rail
Calgary Int. Airport Runway Tunnel Canada Road
Calgary ‘Trails’ Tunnel Canada Road
Eglinton LRT Canada Rail
Edmonton LRT Canada Rail
LA Metro – Union Station United States of America Rail
WMATA Tunnels – Washington Metro United States of America Rail
Hart Field Airport – Train Tunnels United States of America Rail
Riyadh Metro Saudi Arabia Rail
Smoke detection
East Side Access – NYC Queen United States of America Rail
Sau Paulo Railway Station Brazil Rail
Channel Tunnel United Kingdom Rail
French Railway SNCF France Rail
Sound Transit Train Station – Seattle United States of America Rail
London Underground United Kingdom Road
Lincoln Tunnel United States of America Road
West Rail Tunnel Hong Kong Rail
Sydney CBD Tunnels Australia Road
MRT Hsin-Yi Line Taiwan Rail
Xtralis Global Rail/Metro Expertise
 Lötschberg Transalpine Tunnel in Switzerland

Switzerland, the tunnel building nation, was

involved in the construction of a fast train link
between northern and southern Europe.
The so called NEAT ("New Transalpine
Tunnels“), is a very ambitious project: through
the Lötschberg and Gotthard mountains.
The Lötschberg main tunnel runs through the
Alps from Frutigen to Raron as part of the
main line from Bern to Milano.
Most of the 34.6 km long tunnel is covered by
two bores, each with a single directional track.
In addition, gas and water sensors as well as
nearly 35 km (21.7 mile) of aspirating pipes for
the Vesda air sampling smoke detectors,
provide extra safety.
 Hong Kong MTR & Rail Network

§ The Mass Transit Railway (MTR) is the rapid transit

railway system in Hong Kong.

§ Opened in 1979, the system now includes 218.2

km (135.6 mi) of rail[3] with 155 stations, including
87 railway stations and 68 light rail stops. Double Height Areas

§ Under the government's rail-led transport policy,[6]

the MTR system is a common mode of public Station concourses
transport in Hong Kong, with over five million trips
made in an average weekday. It consistently
achieves a 99.9% on-time rate on its train journeys.
 Hong Kong MTR & Rail Network

ASD pipes alongside heat

cables for Early Detection
Tunnels in and
around MTR network

ASD Detector

Integral part of safety system

Platform
Road tunnels design case:
Calgary Airport project (Canada)
Design case – Calgary Airport tunnel project

§ The Calgary Trail Tunnel is the larger of two auto roadway tunnels currently under
construction in Calgary, AB Canada. The Trail Tunnel is approximately 700m in length and
consists of two tubes, each with multiple lanes in a single direction. A longitudinal air flow
scheme is deployed with ceiling jet fans.

§ An LTHD (linear thermal heat detection) system is provided for secondary alarm
confirmation. Initial fire event and abnormal gas level detection is performed by VLI/ECO
industrial smoke and gas detectors installed throughout the tunnel.
Design case – Calgary Airport tunnel project

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Normal Both Directions

Green - minimal smoke level ˂ 0.5% ob./ft.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Yellow - elevated smoke level 0.5-2% ob./ft.
Red - critical smoke level 2-4% ob./ft.
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Flashing red - incident > 4% ob./ft.
Normal Westbound, Escalated Eastbound

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (The values shown are for example only. Actual levels are
determined by application, modelling and actual measured
levels. The VLI and ECO both retain actual condition data
14 enabling space analysis and are field configurable to maximize
9 10 11 12 13 15 16
Flashing performance).

Normal Westbound, Escalated Zone 8

Incident Zone 14, Escalated Zone 15 & 16
Installation Pictures
 Al Rayyan Road Tunnel for Doha Metro realignment - Qatar

This is a 12 kilometer tunnel with cable gallery for Doha

Metro and it 7 more phases to come up.
It comprises of CO, O2, H2S & NO2 gas / smoke
detection

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• The project in Brussels is the Brussels Metro (STIB).
• TTG is protecting +/- 4 km of metro tunnels as well as the metro landings.
• The OSID are preferred because of the ease of installation because the electricity is only cut /- 4 hours after midnight!
• So these 4 hours is the only window to do installations and at night time these are ‘expensive’ hours.
• Also OSID tolerance to movement and vibration is large asset.
• For the long and straight stretches the 150 m is also a considerable benefit.
• OSID are installed with imagers back to back.

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