Application Notes B&CT/EN AP/D11

Burdens & CT Req. of MiCOM Relays (AP) -48

Item Equation

( X%
Phase fault distance protection Vk ) 0.6 I fZ 1 &1 " # Rct " Rl !
' R$
( X %
Earth fault distance protection Vk ) 0.6 I feZ 1 && 1 " e ## Rct " 2 Rl !
' Re $
Table 82: Knee-points for distance protection P441, P442, P444

Note:: The required knee-point voltage must be calculated for the three phase fault
current at the Zone 1 reach and also for the earth fault current at the Zone 1
reach. The higher of the two calculated knee-point voltages is used.

6.4 P443, P445 (MiCOMho)

6.4.1 Burdens
In CT Burden
VA Burden 1A <0.04 VA at rated current
Impedance 1A <40 m over 0 - 30 In
VA Burden 5A <0.01 VA at rated current
Impedance 5A <8 m over 0 - 30 In
Table 83: Current circuit for P443, P445

VT Input Vn VT Burden

( 110 %
Phase 100 – 120 V < 0.02 VA rms at & #V
' 3$
Table 84: Voltage circuit for P443, P445

Relay Case Size Nominal Burden*

P445 Size 8/40TE 12 W or 24 VA
P445 Size 12/60TE 12 W or 24 VA
P443 Size 16/80TE 12 W or 24 VA
Table 85: Auxiliary supply for P443, P445

* Typical minimum burden with no opto-inputs or output contacts energized.

Additional Burden Energizing voltage Burden

Per energized opto-input 24 to 54 V dc 0.09 W
Per energized opto-input 110 to 125 V dc 0.12 W
Per energized opto-input 220 to 250 V dc 0.19 W
Per energized output contact - 0.13 W
With optional 2nd rear communications - 1.25 W
With optional Inter MiCOM communications - 1.25 W
Table 86: Additional burdens on auxiliary supply for P441, P442, P444

Energizing Voltage Peak current

0 to 300 V dc 3.5 mA
Table 87: Opto-inputs for P443, P445
Application Notes B&CT/EN AP/D11

Burdens & CT Req. of MiCOM Relays (AP) -49

6.4.2 Current Transformer requirements

For accuracy, class PX or 5P CT are recommended.

6.4.3 Protection
The knee-point voltage of the CT should comply with the minimum requirements of the
formulae shown below.

Item Equation

( X%
Zone 1 reach-point accuracy Vk ) 0.6 I fZ 1 &1 " # Rct " Rl !
' R$
Zone 1 close-up fault operation Vk ) 1.4 I f max Rct " Rl !
Table 88: Knee-point voltages for P443, P445

The higher of the two calculated knee-point voltages is used. It is not necessary to repeat
the calculation for earth faults, as the phase reach (3*) calculation is the worst case for CT
dimensioning.