Question 1: The two-spacecraft listed above are considered ground-breaking

developments in satellite operations. However, they were not designed for communication. The

first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, was built and launched into orbit by the Soviet Union in 1957

as a result of the cold war between two superpowers at the time, the United States and the Soviet

Union. One year after Sputnik 1, the United States launched a satellite called "Explorer" into

space. The backyard satellite was a satellite dish installed in people's houses and used to receive

signals from the orbiting satellite dish.

Question 2: In the late 1940s, cable television networks were developed in the United States to

increase the reception of commercial network broadcasts in rural and mountainous locations.

There has been a profusion of cable television systems offering unique services since the mid-

1970s. In addition to providing customers with high-quality signals, the systems also supply

extra television channels. The increased channel count allows for more programming, such as

broadcasts from distant cities, continuous weather and stock market reports, programs produced

by community groups and educational institutions, and access to pay-tv program materials such

as recent motion pictures and sports events not broadcast by other broadcasters.

Question 3: Congress passed the Cable Communications Policy Act in 1984. Among other

things, the legislation sets regulations in system franchising and rate regulation. The act also

established jurisdictional limits for cable system regulation among federal, state, and municipal

agencies. Congress essentially ended state and municipal control of cable pricing with this bill.

The legislation deregulated cable pricing in places where there was "effective competition,"

defined as any region within a cable operator's service area where three or more unduplicated

broadcasting signals were accessible.

Question 4:The significance of direct tv has a 99 percent uptime in the markets it serves, and

Signal Connect has solutions for weather-related TV reception problems. Thus, Murdoch was

successful in satellite television

Question 5: The main commercial television networks in the United States have frequently

chosen retransmission consent over must-carry. The Federal Communications Commission

(FCC) established must-carry regulations in 1965, requiring cable providers to transmit local

broadcast television channels.

Question 6: The first long-distance telephone network was built and operated by AT&T, founded

in 1885 as a subsidiary of Bell. After purchasing Bell's assets in 1899, AT&T became the parent

corporation of the whole Bell system. On January 8, 1982, and agreed consent decree ordered the

dissolution of the Bell System, requiring AT&T Corporation to surrender control of the Bell

Operating Companies that had previously supplied local telephone service in the United States

and Canada, as AT&T had planned.

Question 7: The must-carry regulation stipulated that the biggest systems give up to one-third of

its channels to local stations and carry all local noncommercial stations that do not duplicate

content from another station. A new agreement is negotiated every three years under the current

regulations, and stations must choose between must-carry or retransmission consent for each

cable system on which they want their signal to be carried. In the case of sports and super blow,

the must-carry law has harmed free expression by requiring people to pay to watch the channels.

Question 8: Net neutrality's objective is to ensure that businesses may compete freely on the

internet without paying tolls to gatekeepers.