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E-Learning: Its Effects On The Problem Solving Performance

Of STEM Students In MSEUFCI

ONLINE LEARNING TO THE PROBLEM SOLVING PERFORMANCE IN

GENERAL MATHEMATICS OF GRADE 11 STUDENTS

Marquez, Francine Nicole

Aguila, Dylan Angelo

Zulueta, Patrick John

Quilazon, Precious

Condino, David Axl

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INTRODUCTION

Rationale

In times of pandemic, people need a safe place where they can conduct and

learn different strategies for a continually advancing society and processes due to what is

happening in our world. E- Learning is a learning system based on formalized teaching

but with the help of electronic and technological resources. Using this kind of learning

system, it is easier for oneself to study and learn different things that can be found on the

web. E- Learning also provides information about different topics and issues that can be

found on the web. One of these topics that you may or can found on the web are all about

problem solving. Problem solving is ubiquitous in modern life and an essential skill for

overcoming the problems we encounter daily. Problem solving is an essential part of our

daily life, But, curiosity and a thirst for knowledge should be cultivated in students to

help them develop their problem-solving performance.

Suddenly, many students find problem solving difficult to understand because it

has so many stages and processes needs to be done in order to do it correctly. They tend

to give up than to learn hard on answering complex problem solving. As a result,

students’ problem-solving performance are slowly going down. With the help of E-

Learning system, “Instructional strategies and the use of multimedia in technology

education can induce students' identification attitudes and learning motivation, ultimately

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enhancing learning effectiveness and facilitating the development of imagination and

creativity. Students with identification attitudes toward strategies could design problem-

solving methods using science” (Newhouse, 2017).

The ability that helps and ensures the students to make use and unlock the

potential in their problem-solving performance is to have the problem-solving skills

needed. Joachim (2018) consider “creativity as a part of problem solving, as problem-

solving characteristics often involve novel thinking, strong motivation and determination

to present the important status of the solution in the latent process of problem solving”.

This research centers on the effects of E- learning system in the problem-

solving performance of STEM Students in MSEUFCI. It also tackles different aspects

that can affect the problem-solving performance of the said students. This research will

present useful and reasonable factors that mainly is the key in finding the real effects of

the Electronic-learning system in problem solving performance of STEM Students in

MSEUFCI.

Purpose of the Research

This research focus on conducting and solving the academic performance of all

students whom undergo STEM course and providing necessary details of the problem and

the cause.

Moreover, the research can answer the following concern of the problem

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1. What is the perception of the Grade 11 students towards online learning in terms

of: (weighted mean and standard deviation)

1.1 Interaction,

1.2 Motivation,

1.3 Attitude,

1.4 Technology,

1.5 Curriculum, and

1.6 Instruction?

2. What is the problem solving performance of grade 11 students in General

Mathematics? (mean and standard deviation)

3. Is there a significant relationship between the perception about online learning

and the problem solving performance in general mathematics? (chi-square

goodness of fit test)

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

a) Number of Attendance;

b) Number of gadgets at home;

2. What is the students level of problem solving performances in the following

courses:

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a) General Mathematics; and

b) Pre- Calculus?

3. What are the effects of E- learning to the students’ problem-solving performance?

THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK

DEVELOPING PROBLEM-SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY

WITH THE USE OF CROWDSOURCING IN UNIVERSITY WRITING

INSTRUCTION

In the recent trends, writing education has been transformed from teacher-

centered to learner-centered education, and has shifted from theory-oriented writing

education to writing education as the problem-solving strategy. Under the paradigm shift

in writing education, it has become essential to integrate new technology that can help

students actively engage in the writing process or help them realize writing as

collaborative learning experience. Among diverse innovative instructional procedures,

crowdsourcing can be integrated into writing education, which strives to develop

students’ ability for problem-solving and critical thinking through the use of collaborative

learning and collective intelligence. This paper tries to incorporate new technological

strategies into writing education at two levels. The first level is to design classroom

writing activities for online collaborative learning through the use of the online authoring

tool. The second level is to develop classroom activities for the students to engage in

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producing their own writing textbook materials with the utilization of crowdsourcing as

collective intelligence into the writing course. In this study, a prototypical instructional

model is proposed for the classroom implementation of crowdsourcing into writing

education. This study also scrutinizes the responses and attitudes of the participants about

their learning experiences of engaging in the writing tasks via crowdsourcing as

collective intelligence and Google document as an interactive course platform.

Literature Survey

Direction Of Collaborative Problem Solving-Based Stem learning by learning

Analytics Approach

STEM includes scientific study, technology, engineering design, and

mathematical analysis (Lou et al., (2011). STEM teaching is commonly conceptualized as

a multidisciplinary approach that typically begins with a discipline or multidiscipline, on

the basis of which instructors prepare problems for students to solve (Herro, Quigley,

Andrews, & Delacruz, (2017). As one of the successful factors in STEM education, it is

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important not only to embed knowledge and skills in the curriculum but also to assess

knowledge and skills in a real situation or problem-solving practice process and focus on

the link of knowledge between the four STEM domains (Newhouse, (2016). STEM

teaching allows students to examine and apply theories and knowledge to improve their

problem-solving skills, as well as to integrate the comprehension and application of

complicated knowledge in STEM areas (Lou et al., (2011).

Students struggling with math

(read and spell)

Many kids have trouble with math, but some students find it more difficult than

others. These may be otherwise bright children who have a keen sense of logic and

reasoning but still perform poorly on homework, tests, and quizzes. There are a number

of reasons why a child may be having problems with math at school, from low motivation

caused by math anxiety, to a poor understanding of how to apply and perform

mathematical operations. But sometimes the root cause of under-performance is

something different, like a learning difference or a motor skills difficulty.

"Why students struggle with math? "

(grade power learning 2018)

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Math challenges aren’t always a result of a learning difficulty. For many

students who struggle with math, it’s simply because they don’t have the proper

foundation needed for success. These students may have fallen behind in a unit or moved

on to advanced material before they were ready, leading to falling grades.

STEM-Based Learning Analysis to Improve Students’ Problem-Solving

Abilities in Science Subject: a Literature Review

STEM is one of the learning paradigms that integrates science,

technology, engineering and mathematics. The combination of several learning

methods is implemented to make students achieve certain abilities, like problem

solving skills. Problem solving becomes a very important part in learning because

it can motivate students and make them having a better cognitive level. The

purpose of this study is to describe the effect of STEM learning on physics

material applied in schools to the problem-solving abilities of students. The

method used in this research is meta-analysis where the researcher analyzed

several articles as needed. Articles were limited to the last 5 years of publication,

namely 2014 - 2019. Searching for articles used the Scholar, Eric, and Elsevier

search engines. From the searching results, it was obtained 21 relevant articles

according to the needs of researchers. Then, from 21 articles that were obtained as

many as 86% were research articles that used questions or teaching materials as

STEM-based learning media and 14% were review articles. The keywords used in

the search were STEM, problem solving and physics. Based on the analysis

conducted it can be concluded that learning through the STEM approach can

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improve students' problem-solving abilities (Nurul Heni Astuti, Ani Rusilowati,

Bambang Subali, 2021).

Engaging Students in Critical Thinking and Problem Solving: A Brief

Review of the Literature

Problem solving and critical thinking skills are beneficial across all fields of

collegiate studies and provide lasting value in the workplace and everyday life. In

problem solving, students employ critical thinking skills in the analyses of

problems and the synthesis and applications of previously learned concepts. For

decades, researchers and academics have deliberated on ways to engage students

in the classroom to train them in these skills. The collective research on teaching

critical thinking and problem-solving reveal overarching themes, which include

student involvement, learning styles, student motivation, and instructor

perceptions and behaviors (Nancy J. McCormick,2015)

Significance of the study

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STEM education gives people skills that make them more employable and ready

to meet the current labor demand. It encompasses the whole range of experiences and

skills. Each STEM component brings a valuable contribution to a well-rounded

education. Science gives learners an in-depth understanding of the world around us. It

helps them to become better at research and critical thinking. Technology prepares young

people to work in an environment full of high-tech innovations. Engineering allows

students to enhance problem-solving skills and apply knowledge in new projects.

Mathematics enables people to analyze information, eliminate errors, and make conscious

decisions when designing solutions. STEM education links these disciplines into a

cohesive system. Thus, it prepares professionals who can transform society with

innovation and sustainable solutions.

Students

The result of this study can help the students to know the effects of e-learning to

their performances in terms of problem solving. Knowing the effects of e-learning to the

problem-solving performance of students will let them invest more time in improving

their skills in solving a problem and critical thinking as well.

Teachers

This study will help them to deepen their understanding towards their students’

challenges that affects their problem-solving skills on e-learning. With deeper

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understanding, teachers will be able to come up with different teaching strategies that will

enhance students’ better skills in problem solving.

Future Researchers

This study may be used as their references for their study if they study is

connected to our research paper. Although proper citation must be observed to avoid

plagiarism.

Target Beneficiaries

This research will benefit or help the students, teachers and future researchers as

well. It will help them to understand better and learn a new way on how effectively learn

problem solving during synchronous class.

Table 1

List of target beneficiaries

Target Beneficiaries Quantity

Students 100

Teachers 8

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Scope and Delimitations

The Academic Performance of all students specially the STEM had been

affected because of the pandemic that have been occurred for the past years. Student

academic performance depends on how they act and think critically, but this E- Learning

or Online Learning slowly dwindle the performance of all the students. The impractical

effect of E-Learning has changed a lot of students and depending on the course and

strand that they have undergo to. MSEUF tried to normalized the impact of E-Learning

and other type for making that all students coped up with it. But it is ineffectual because

all the students of MSEUFCI specially the STEM students failed to face the new type of

learning. According to studies, E-Learning is not effective to some students as it should

be. It was a futile and unsuccessful one. But due to pandemic, there was no other choice

but to regulate it so that the education cannot be impede. Students of MSEUF faced a lot

of struggles especially the course of STEM. The difficulty of it cannot be altered easily.

Even the academic teachers of MSEUF struggle to. The striving of it is still in the

process.

This study aims to know what are the difficulties that students are facing in E-

learning o terms of problem solving. As this study will be implemented, research

respondents are chosen based on the subject they have--- interrelated to the subject

matter- Mathematics that encompass the stabilized researchers’ study. Grade 12 (Stem)

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students at Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation- Candelaria Incorporated are the

main target respondents of this research study, as they are qualified to answer the

researchers established set of survey questionnaires. With the inclusion of disparate

Mathematical field in each academic strand, specific Grade 12 students of Enverga

Candelaria University are compatible to the researchers’ study that tackles challenges and

effect of E-learning in problem solving.

This study aims to include the exact one hundred number of learners containing

twenty students per sections participant under Grade-12 Students in Enverga Candelaria

University.

Definition of Terms

E-learning – It can comprise performance support content as well as a planned course or

learning experience given electronically. It aids in the management of training events,

self-paced courses, and blended learning programs for businesses.

Effectiveness – Learning effectiveness is defined as the degree to which the learning

outcomes are achieved (Blicker, 2005). “Learning outcomes are statements of what a

learner is expected to know, understand and/or be able to demonstrate after completion of

a process of learning”

Problem- solving – the process or act of finding a solution to a problem

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MSEUFCI – MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION-CANDELARIA

INC.

STEM - Science, Technology Engineering and Mathematics

Constructivism - philosophical view that says all knowledge is contructed from human

experience as opposed to discovered self-evident knowledge.

Connectivism - is a theoretical framework for understanding learning in a digital age.

Connectivism sees knowledge as a network and learning as a process of pattern

recognition.

critical thinking - seeks to identify reliable information and make reliable judgements. It

encompasses mindset and skills, both of which can be developed through an

understanding of key concepts, practice and application.

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METHODOLOGY

Description of the method

In this chapter, the research methodology discussed about the research method

used in gathering the data information. The researchers discuss the research design,

research instrument, data gathering, and population used to accomplish the goals and

objectives of this research.

Research Design

In line with the research study, the researchers decided to use a descriptive type

of research, as this gives a deep understanding about how E- Learning is affecting the

problem-solving performance of STEM Students in MSEUFCI. This type of research also

matches the needed research type in order for the researchers to conduct the said research

effectively. It enables the researchers to identify the real effect and reason of the target

correspondents. Having a descriptive type of research can help an organized set of

questions to pinpoint the true effects of E- Learning in problem solving performance.

Additionally, the researchers also included a correlational type of research, wherein,

identifying the relation between the two variables will be easily point out by the

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researchers. With that, the respondents can have an insight about the topic this research

has.

As the research study primarily focuses on getting as many details as possible

from the respondents’ feedback to the researchers’ prepared sets of question, the study

centers on identifying the effects of having an E- Learning type of classes to the problem-

solving performance. Through this, it will serve as a useful factor to recognize any

significant factors in line with the research study. By this design, researchers can pinpoint

the effects of E-Learning to STEM Students.

Instrument

To analyze this study, the researcher will be using survey questionnaire to

gather accurate data. It will be distributed and collected through the use of google form to

acquire the needed information from the chosen respondents. The survey questionnaire

consists of questions about the effects of e-learning to the problem-solving performance

of the STEM students in MSEUFCI in order to observe the length of students’

understanding before solving problem.

Data Gathering

The researchers will provide all important and necessary questionnaire and

conduct interview on all of the STEM students of Manuel S. Enverga University

Foundation Candelaria INC and they will be participating all the gathering of information

that our researchers will be conducting. The handling and facilitating of the

questionnaires and interviewing all the students will be achieved and managed in a good

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and virtual manner via Google Form. All of the data and information received will be

acknowledge and kept in utmost anonymity and privacy.

Population/Sample

The total population of this study is one hundred, it composed of Grade 12 students.

Grade 12 each section, the researchers will diversely select 20 students to be respondents.

The chosen respondents will formally answer researchers survey questionnaire relative to

the study matter. It will be conducted in the respondents' respective home (s) though

online interaction - Google Form.

Hypothesis

The researchers hypothesize the following:

HO: There is no significant relationship of perceptions of online learning to the problem

solving performance of grade 11 students. e-learning to the problem-solving performance

of students.

HI: There is a significant relationship of e-learning to the problem-solving performance

of students.

Data Analysis Plan

The data analysis for the STEM Students of MSEUF Candelaria. This is

systematically applying the Statistical or logical technique to illustrate and evaluate data

from the. We can gather the data through a questionnaire that they answer for us the

analysis the data that we need.

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Statistical Treatment

To interpret the data effectively, the researchers will employ the following

statistical treatment. The Percentage, Weighted mean are the tools use to interpret data.

1.PERCENTAGE

This will employ to determine the frequency counts and percentage distribution of

personal related variables of the respondents about the effects of E-Learning on STEM

students problem solving skills and performance.

Formula: % = x 100 % is the percentage

F is the frequency

N is the total number of respondents

100 is a constant value

2.AVERAGE MEAN

This will determine the assessment of the respondents with regards to their

personal problem-solving performance.

Formula: X = Fx / N

X is the weighted mean

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F is the frequency of effects on the performance of problem solving to STEM

students

X is the weight of each item

N is the number of value

Conceptual Framework
Problem-Solving
E-learning
FIGURE 1 Performance

Figure 1. The Conceptual Framework for E-Learning Its Effect on the Problem-Solving

Performance of STEM Students in MSEUFCI

This figure shows the concept of the research entitled “E-Learning Its Effect on

the Problem-Solving Performance of STEM Students in MSEUFCI” The framework

utters about the impact and the outcomes of E- Learning in the Academic Performance of

all students. The analysis focuses on providing necessary details of the effects on E-

Learning, and causes of it and the negativity it brings to the students.

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E-Learning: Its Effects On The Problem Solving Performance

Of STEM Students In MSEUFCI

Survey Questionnaire

Name: (Optional)

Grade & Section:

Email:

1. What is the demographic profile of Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly

the respondents in terms of:

Agree Disagree

(a) Number of attendances:

1. Do you always get to your class at

the right time?

2. Are you well prepared in going to

school every day?

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3. Do you still want to have a face to

face this year?

4. How often do you participate on

your online discussion?

5. Are you stressed with the problems

you encounter?

(b) Number of gadgets at home:

1. Do you always have connectivity

when you are in class?

2. Do you have your own gadget for

online class?

3. Do you have strong connectivity

such as wireless fidelity?

2. What is the student level of

problem-solving performance in the

following courses:

(a) General Mathematics

1. Are you able to catch up in lesson?

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2. Do you experience having a hard

time of doing activities?

3. Are you able to participate in class

in solving problems?

(b) Pre-Calculus

1. Are you able to catch up in lesson?

2. Are you doing good in solving a

problem?

3. Are you able to learn more with

different examples?

3. What are the effects of E- learning

to the students’ problem solving:

1. Do you easily answer the activity

that you are doing?

2. Do you finish the activity at a

designated time?

3. Are you able to handle more

problem solving one at a time?

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4. Do you understand clearly the

problem using your gadgets?

5. Do you experienced connectivity

issue while doing activities?

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