German Ios-Mm Howitzer Materiel: Wai Iepaitieit Tec - Iical Iai - Al

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GERMAN
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IOS-MM/ HOWITZER
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MATERIEL
WAR DEPARTMENT • 15 JUNE 1914

WAR DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL MAN UAL
TM E9-125A
GERMAN
IOS-MM HOWITZER
MATERIEL
WAR DEPARTMENT 15 JUNE 1944
RESTRICTED DISSEMINATION OF RESTRICTED MtfTTER_

Til. infofmati oll COlltlin.d in f .. tfkt~d documento and th •• Io. nt ill .hlf-
I.tuioti •• of f"tf itted mlt .. i~1 may J>. , iY en to Iny pefio n kno .. n to be in
tbe .uy ic< of th. United State. and to p" foons of undoub .. d loya lty and
di""f.tion .. ho Ir. coop~fatin, in Govunment work,_qut .. ill not be com-
muni.. t~d to tll~ public or to the pre .. n eept by luthoriud militlry public
f~latioll' a,u>cieo. (S .. aho par.grapll Zl b,AR lIO-S, IS Marell 1944,)
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UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAI.IfORNIA
WAR DEPARTMENT
Washington 25, D. C~ 15 June 1944
TM E9-325A, German 105_mm Howitzer Materiel, ' is published

for the information and guidance of all concerned.
A.O . 300.7 {23 Dee 42)J

[ 0.0 . 461 / 30245
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Bv ORDER OF THE SECRETARV OF WAR :
G. C. MARSHALL,
Chief of Staff.
OFFICIAL :
J. A. ULIO,
Major General,
The A djutant General.
DISTRIBUTION: As prescribed in P ar 9a, FM 21-6; X.
(For explanation of symbol, ~ FM 21-6.)

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UNIVERIfTY Of (MIHlRNIA
Li 113
CONTENTS TM\q: 32f
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .... ..... ... ............ ...... 1- 3 1- 6
CHAPIER 2. GItRMAN lOS-MM HOWITZER AND
CARRIAGE , .... .. ... .... ,', .. ........ , ', .... 4-45 7- 84
S&CTION I. Description and functioning of
howitzer ' _ 1 __ 1 ' , , __ , , _ . . __ , ___ "_11 4-6 7- 15
II. Description and functioning of
carriage .. , .. .. 7-19 16- 39
III. Operation . _. ---_ .. _--_ .... -- -----_ ... ... . 20-28
IV. Lubrication ,. 40- 55
55- 56
V . Care and preservation 30-37 56- 76
VI. Inspection and adjustment .... 38 77- 80
VII. Malfunctions and corrections ..... 39--40 80- 81
VIII. Disassembly and assembly ..... ". . 41-45 82- 84
CHAPTER 3. SIGHTING AND FUm CoNnOL
EQUIPMENT ...... ........ ............ .. .. 46-60 85- 140
SECTION 1 Sighting equipment .. .. __ .. , ___ .. ____ ... 46-52 85- 98
II. Fire control equipment _______ , __ 53-00 98-140
CHAPTER 4. AMMuNmo N .. . " .... ... _.. 61- 75 141-162
CHAPI'ER 5. ACCES~RIES _. 76 163-167
CHAPtER
CHAPTER
6. FiRING TABLES .... ... .... ..... ...... ..... .
7 . REFERENCES . . " ... . -- -- ---- -. ---_ ... .....,

77-79 168-212
213-214
215-218
INDEX
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TM E9·]25A
RESTRICfED
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
I. SCOPE.
This manual is pub lished for the information lind guidance of
II.
Ihe using IITms lind services.
It, There is included the technical information required for identi-
fication use, and care of the German 105-01m howitzer. as much liS
can be ascertained from printed matter and the materiel on hand.
c. I n all cases where the nature of the repair, modification, or
adjustment is beyond the scope or facilities of the unit, or beyond the
scope of this manual, the responsible Ordnance serv ice s hould be
informed so that proper instruct ions may be issued.
2. CHARACTERISTICS.
a. The German I OS ' mm howiuer comprises a tube, breech
mechanism, lind safety lock. The breech mechanism co nsists of II hori -
zontal s liding breechbloc k which slides in the breech ring recess. The
movement of the breec hblock is controlled by the breechblock ope r-
ating lever. F iri ng of the howitzer is performed through the action
of the firing mechanism h oused within the firing mechanism recess
of the breechblock.
h . W itness lines are cut into the muzzle face of the tube, for use
when using the bore sighti ng equipment.
e. The carriage is of the split-tra il type and is equipped with solid
rubber-tired whee ls.. Brakes are provided and are operated by straps
connected to the brake lever. Extensions to these straps are pro-
vided so that the brakes can be both released or applied from the
li mber or prime mover. The piece is safely towed at 25 miles per
hour on concrete road s or secondary gravel roads.
d . In addition to its use as divisional artillery, the German
IOS-mm howitzer is used as an antitank weapon. For fire against
tanks, it uses an armor-piercing shell with base percussion fuze, or
field howitzer shell with the same fuze. The armor-piercing shell is
used only up to 1,63S yards. F or a nt itank fire, the howitzer can be
fired without opening the spl it traiL
e. I n the Ger man military organization, one battery in each
divisional artillery medium battalion is equipped with the I OS-mm
howiuer. It is normal to place this battery with the advance guard,
thereby making maximum use of its range. When horse-drawn, the
materiel is transported in two loads, and when motorized. it is trans-
ported in one load.
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TM E9·325A
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GERMAN 105·M'" HOWITZiIt MAT£RIEL
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INTRODUCTION
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GilMAN IOS.MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
Flgllr. 1 Gorllt." 105.•• Howlh.r .".1 Carrl.,. Fr • .t Vie •
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TM E9·325A
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INTRODUCTION
3. DATA.
p, General Data.
Weight of howitzer and carriage ... ..... " .... " ....... .. . " .... ,... " .. .4,255 Ib
Weight of tube with breech mechanism . " ........ .. " .... " ... _.. __ 1,160 Ib
Maximum range " .... ", ..... " ... ,..... , .......... , _____ __ __ . 11 ,674 yd
Maximum muule velocity .. _". __ , ______ . __ ...... ..... " 1,542 ft per sec
Weight of shell (std) ___ __ . __... , ", ... " ,... " ___ 32.65 Ib
Weight of exp losive "" ..... . _ .. , 3.0 Ib
h. German I05-mm Howitzer, 1936.
Total length of howitzer 11 5.78 in.
Depth of breech recess . __.. __ ,.. ,... '" .. " .......... 9.06 m.
Depth of chamber .... .. ... ... . 11.2 In.
Length of bore " .... .. 92 m.
"'Diameter across grooves .. .... .... . '" .. " ... .. ... 4.235 on.
-Diameter across lands " ,... "., ..... .... . .4.140 m.
Depth of groove ... __ , , ", .. .... ... . . 0.047 m .
•• Maximum diameter of powder chamber 4.545 in.
Width of grooves:
At top ... " .. 0.240 m.
At bottom _ 0.223 m.
Width of lands at bollom 0.174 m.
Number of lands ........ .. 32
Number of grooves . ,. . . 32
Twist at origin of rifting 6 deg
• ··Twist at muzzle. 12 deg
C. Weighl6 and Dimensions of Ca rriage.
Weigh ts:
Complete equipment 4,3 12 Ib
Wheel . 341 lb
Spade .. 84 Ib
Elevating aTC .. 12 Ib
Trail leg, left, with fittings 313 Ib
Trail leg, right, with fillings . . . 3321b
Cradle .. " . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 Ib
Saddle 234 lb
Shieldless sta~ " .-' 163 lb
Axle body and brake gear 584 Ib
Equi librator . . .. 43 Ib
Trail eye 1 in. from ground 407 lb
Trail eye 30 in. from ground 338 Ib
"Tho <Ii.m.' ... ,;"-.\ .... tho ... ~m-.\ •• ,,' po;nb ~...t ;n " " ·"C;"I .
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TM E9·325A
GERMAN l05. MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
Capacities ( liquid);
R ecupe rator cylinder (approx) 10 p'
R ecoi l cylinder (a pprox ) 12112 p'
Cooling tan k (appro:>: ) 14 p'
Air pressures:
Recupe rator cylinder 710 lb p'" m.
Equili b rat or
Elevation a nd trave rse:
510 Ib P'" '"
'q m .
M a ximum eleva tion (approx) 42 deg

M aximum depression M inus 6 deg 30 min
Traverse 28 deg righ t ; 28 deg left
D imensions:
Over_all width of carnage 77 % In.
Recoil:
Metal to metal 46.9 m.
Normal 43.3 m.
G round clearance 14.5 m.
Trunnion height 46.5 m.
Distance between hi nge pins of trai l arms 25.3 m.
D iameter o f wheel 50 Va m.
W idth of tire 4 m.
Track o f carriage. 61112 m.
Tra il length, o ve r-all 135 '12 m.
B ra ke band d iameter I' m.
Trail length to center of hinge p in , ...... 127 m.
Cradle lengt h 107 V2 m.
Cradle width between trunnions 14 1/. m.
Cradle len gth , front end to beating face ... . .. 68
.m .
Cradle, ove r-all length of slides 90 m.
Cradle, width of slide . 1.675 m.
Cradle, thickness of slide 0.4 m.
Cradle, depth 5.505 m.
Cradle, thickness of plate 0.1 30 m.
Saddle, thickn ess of plate 0.125 m.
Shield, thickness of plate 0.132 m.
T rai l, distance be tween spade tips. 155 'I. m.
Art icul ation, trail a rms open for firing 7.5 m.
Art iculation. trail arms closed for traveling 5.5 5.7 m.
Efforts: "
,," 10 1b
Eleva t ing gear
Traversing gear
Essential tra nslations:
'0 5 Jb
Feuer F ire
Sicher Safe
Achtung Caution
Feuerpause S top firing
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UNIVERIfTY Of (,u IHlRNIA
TM E9·325A
4·5
CHAPTER 2
GERMAN 105·MM HOWITZER AND CARRIAGE

S.dion I
DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTIONING OF HOWITZER
4. GERl\1A, N 105.MM HOWITZER, 1936.

a. The German IOS·mm howitzer, 1936, includes the tube and
breech ring assembly.
h. The barrel is of solid const ruction. At the breech end a collar
is formed, the Quter edge be in g ch8mfered to meet a corresponding
chamfer in the breech ring. In the rear of the collar, part of the barrel
is ground to receive the ja c ket. T he barrel is then tapered to the
recess for the spring clip. A cartridge stop base is formed in front of
the collar, as there is no cartridge recess.
The under side of the breech ring is recessed to receive a de-
1'.
tachable gun lug. A bracket is secured on the upper face of the breech
ring. A clinometer plane, or leveling surface, is cut on the left of the
breech ring. Positioning o f the clinometer is done by means of filJister-
head screws.
d, The hont part of the br~ch ring is machined to form a buttress
thread, in fron t o f which there is a stop. This stop, with a correspond-
ing stop on the jacket. forms a stuffing box to receive a packing ring.
Behind the threaded portion, a cone engages the chamfer at the breech
end of the barrel. Th e cartridge clearance in the br~c h ring is cut
to three radii at different centers, so as to form a "lead-in" to the
chamber when ramming the projectile.
5. BREECH MECHANISM.
a. Ge nera l. The breech mechanism (figs. 4 and 5) includes the
breechblock, breechblock operating lever, and safety lock (figs. 8 and
9). The breech mechanism is of the horizontal sliding breechblock
type. The breechblock is held closed by the lever latch trigger on the
operating lever engaging in a recessed insert on the top of the breech
ring (fig. 6).
h. BreechhlO£'k.
(1) The breechblock is rectangular in form. A semicircular open.
ing is provided which is in axial alinement with the tube when the
breech is open, and provides a guide for the ammunition. Another
opening is provided which is in axial alinement with the tube when
the br~chblock is in the closed position, and which houses the firing
mechanism.
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TM E9· 325A
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DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTIONING OF HOWlnER
OPERATING LEVEll.
AX"
FIRING
LEVER
Figure ~'reeclt "". eltollism Fro'" View
(2) The breechblock is a sliding wedge. When in the closed posi-

tion, the front face of the breechblock is flush with the front face of the
breech recess in the breech ring. The left front edge of the breech-
block is chamfered to force the cartridge case to seat, if it has not
properly seated when the breeo::hhlock is closed.
(3) The breechblock is recessed on the front face to receive a
plate. Beneath this plate, a shim is provided to adjust the cartridge
head space. The plate is secured by two sunken washers fastened
in place with screws (fig. 5).
( 4 ) I nserts 8rc provided at the ejection surfaces o f the extractor
ways. An insert is also provided at the end of the cam groove on the
top of the breechblock.
e. Extractor. The extractor lies in the recess of the bre(!(:h ring.
Two arms extend from the body of the extractor, and inserts are at the
ends of these arms.. When the breechblock is fully open, these inserts
on the extractor ways of the bre(!(:hblock engage with the project ions
on the extractor, forcing the extractor to rotate. and thus extracting
the cartridge case (fig. 5).
d . B~ hbl ock Oper at in g Lever . The bre(!(:hblock operating
lever suggests a crank in shape, one end representing the handle and
the other its axis pilL A projection o n the axis pin engages in a key-
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TM E9-325A
5-6
GERMAN 105·MM HOWITZER MAURIEL
way in the axis pin bearing of the breech ring to hold the lever in place.
The breechblock is held in the dosed position by the lever latch trig-
ger on the operating lever handle which engages a recessed insert on
the top of the breech ring.
e. Safet y Lock.
( 1) The safety lock (fig. 6) consists of three parts: the cam
s ha ft , cam shaft spring follower, and cam shaft spring. The cam shaft
passes transverse ly from the right face of the breechblock to the recess
for the striker. At this point the cam shaft is reduced to a semicircular
section which passes over a notched portion of the striker. This ar-
rangement permits locking or freeing rearward movement of the
striker by one-fourth turn of the cam shaft. When the safety lock is
in the FIRING (UFeuer~) position (fig. 7), the striker can be moved
to the rear. When the safety lock is in the SAFE ("Sicher~) position
(fig. 8), the movement of the striker to the rear is blocked and, thus,
the firing mechanism is locked.
(2) The follower holds the cam shaft transversely in the breech-
block in either the SAFE o r FIRE positions. When the breech is
dosed and the safety lock set on "SAFE," the cam shaft alloYffl the
follower to move to the rear. The head of the follower then pro-
jects from the rear of the breechblock into a groove in the rear face
of the breech recess. Thus, the breechblock cannot be opened when
the safety lock is set on SAFE. If the safety lock is set on SAFE with
the breechblock open, the breechblock can be dosed. As the b reech-
block doses, a chamfer on the rear of the breech recess forces the
follower into the breechblock against the spring. When the breech-
b lock is fully dosed, the follower snaps back into the groove in the
rear face of the breech recess and locks the breechblock in the dosed
position.
(3) The design o f the safety lock as incorporated in the firing
mechanism allows the lock to operate only when the breechblock is
fully open or dosed. The projection on the crosshead crank (fig. 4)
interferes with the movement of the arm on the axis pin until the
breechblock is a lmost fully dosed. Then, the top o f the axis pin enters
a groove in the upper face of the breech recess, and prevents the axis
pin from rotating. Wh en the breechblock is fully dosed, the top of
the axis pin enters a recess and is free to rotate. Thus, since the axis
pin cannot rotate until the breechblock is dosed or open. with the
firing lever keyed to the axis pin, the firing mechanism can be operated
only when the breech mechanism is dosed or open.
6. FIRING MECHANISM .
s. T he firing mechanism (fig. 9) is assembled in the axial hole in
the b reech block. It is retained in its seat by a spring and retaining
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DESCRIPTION AND fUNCTIONING OF HOWITZER

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cover. Projections on the retaining cover engage mating surfaces in
the breechblock.
h. The firing mechanism consists of a firing lever, axis pin, firing
plunger, firing plunger spring, trigger, tTipping cam, striker, striker
spring, and striker spring retaining rover. The striker is a firing case,
inside of which is a bearing plate. The pivot pins of the bearing plate
are riveted over. AI the front end of the firing case, the firing pin
is staked in place.
t". The firing lever pivots about its axis pin located in a horizontal
groove in the right face of the breechblock. The rear end of the firing
lever moves the firing plunger from right to left in the breechblock
against the spring. A recess on the plunger engages a projection on the
trigger and rotates it to the right (clockwise). The cam on the trigger
engages with the tripping cam which pivots in the $triker. The tripping
cam is held in position in the striker by the force of the striker spring
against the inner bearing plate of the striker. The bearing plate is
pivoted to allow movement of the tripping cam. The plate has a pro-
jection wbich engages a groove in the breechblock to assure correct
assembly of the striker. In the rear of the striker bearing plate is the
striker spring and its retaining cover.
d . A pull on the lanyard rotates the trigger, and the trigger cam
forces the striker, by means of the tripping cam, three-eighths inch to
the rear. unti l the trigger cam clears the !Tipping cam. The striker
spring then drives the striker forward nine·sixteenths inch to fire.
e. Releasing the firing lever allows the firing plunger spring to
rotate the trigger to the left (counterclockwise). The trigger cam en·
gages the striker, forcing it to the rear. The trigger forces the tripping
cam back out of position. thus allowing all parts to resume their
normal positions under the action of the striker spring.
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Dn9. II"""
UNIV,~\lTY Of (AlifORN IA
TM E9-325A
7
GERMAN IOS·MM HOWITZER MATERiEl
Section II
DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTIONING OF CARRIAGE

7. GENERAL.
The German IOS-mm howitzer carriage is of t he split-trail
Il.
type. The carriage consists mainly of the c radle, recoil mechanism,
recuperater mechanism. top carriage, bottom carriage, elevating
mechanism, equilibrator, traversing mechanism, and trails. The top
carriage pivots about a pintle bearing. The firing stresses are ab-
HANOWHEEL
INDICATOR
C RWO " MECHANISM ADJUSTING ROD

LEFT TRA IL
RIGHT TRAIL
RA '0 55M3
Figure 10 G.rmcrn 105·",,,, Howitzer oltd Corriog_Reor Vie.

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TM E9·325A
7·'
sorbed by the elevating mecha nis m , the worm and wormwheel being
permitted to move, during recoil and counterrecoil, against Belleville
s prings. The spades, imbedded in the ground, prevent move ment of
the carriage. The equilibrator acts to neutralize unbalanced weight
and reduce the m a nua l effort needed to elevate the howitzer. Bra kes
8re provided which 8re operated by straps connected to a single
brake lever.
8. CRADLE.
a. The cradle is of box section. It is continued t o the rea r of the
p iece fo r about the full length of recoil (fig. 10 ).
INDICATOR SLIDE
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Flglir. J I-Reeoll hldieotor
b. On the right side of the cradle is the recoil in dicatO,T (fig. II ).

graduated in millimeters. The graduations in b lac k are for normal
recoil, the graduations in red are for abnorma l rewil. During recoi l
a lug on the howitzer slide pushes the indicator slide to the point of
maximum le ngth of rewil. The reading shown by the indicator slide
may not be true in al1 cases as the slide fits loosely on the indicator
a nd is moved easily. There is no provision made to stop further
movement of the slide after the howitzer reaches maximum recoil.
9. EQUILIBRATOR MECHANI S ~I.
s. A single hydropneumatic equilibrator (fig. 12 ) is provided

o n the right hand side of the carriage. It is a sealed chamber filled
with com pressed air, the pressure of which was varied by means of
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UNIVE~\lTY Of CAlifORN IA
TM 19-325•
• GoERMAN 105-M ... HOWITZER MATERiEl
TRUNNION -
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TM Et-325A
9.10
the plunger which changed the air volume. T his equilibrator pro-
vides an approximate constant eleva ting handwhee l effort, through_
out the entire elevating arc, both in elevating and depressi n g. The
equilibrator is mounted on universal joints, at the trunnions by a
heavy rotating yok e, and at the bottom of the plunger by a universa l
joint which is pinned to the support. The trunnions rest freely in
their mounting yoke, being held there by the internal air pressure
which tends to separate the plunger and the housing and air chamber.
The joint between the housing and air chamber is sealed by means
of lead and bronze gaskets. The air filling valve is the same a s
provided on the recuperator mechanism.
h. The plunger. wh ich may be easily removed fro m the equili-
brator. is a hollow steel rod with a fine ground finish. It is cen te red
at the top by a bronze insert forming a shoulder in the housing. and
at the bottom by the packing a nd packing gland follower. The lower
end of the pl unger is protected by a leather bellows.
c. The packing consists of a single cup lea ther packing sup·
ported by bronze g lands. The packing gland follower contai ns a n
anti.friction metal insert and a felt wiper. Assisting the cu p leat her
packing is approximately 12 ounces of liquid. Th is liquid helps to
effect the air seal.
d. Upon e levating the howit .... er. the plunger pivots about its
lower support. The housi ng and air chamber are forced upward under
the action of the compressed air and a ssists in elevating the howitzer.
The plunger withd raws as the howitzer elevates. Consequently the
.oir pressure d e creases. thus decreasing the assistance to elevation.
e. Upon depressing the howitzer. the above cycle is reversed:
the air pressure increases and counterbalances the increasing move-
ment due to the shift in the howitzer.
10. RECOIL MECHANISM.
a. G e neral. The recoil mechanism is o f the independent h y dro-
pneumatic type. with a direct contact recuperator. It consists of five
main parts, as follows: cooling cylinder, recoil cylinder, recoil piston
and rod , control rod. and front cap.
h. Cooling Cylimle r.
( I) The coo ling cylinder is of steel, having a lug at its fro nt
e nd. to locate itself in its correct position with the front cap. There
.ore two internal flanges. one at each end, which act as centralizers,
and a lso support ing rings for the joint pack ing (gre ased square). On
the outs ide of the cylinder near the front end are two projections, o ne
for the filler cap and one for the drain plug (fig. 13 ).
( 2) The filler cap is fastened over the projection for filling, and
is held in position by a bayonet fastening. Inside the cap is a spring
19
Or •.•. 1< ..
t , UNIVERSITY Of C/o.lJfORN lA
TM n·32s",
1.
GEIMAN 105·NM HOWITZER MATERIEL
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FI,.re 1]_Jecoll a"d aoup.rator Cylllrdo,.
and plate to prevent spilling while traveling, and to allow any tllcess
pressure due to heat to escape during firing. This cylinder may well
be called B heat transfer cylinder since it will cool or heat the recoil
liquid.
(3) A bronze ring supporting packing is fitted in the rear end
of the cylinder.
c. Recoil Cylinder.
(1) The recoil cylinder is of steel, enlarged at both ends and
lead coated eJ:temally. The front and rear ends 8rt serrated for
the use of spanner and locking plates. A flange is formed externally
near the front end to form an inner supporting ring for packina; in
conjunction with cooling cylinder. The cylinder is threaded eJ:temally
to luit the rear nut securing cooling cylinder. The c ylinder is threaded
internally at each end, the front end for the reception of the front
cap or eIpan!ion chamber, and the rear end to take the Muffin, boI
(fig. 13).
(2) The !tuffing hoI is of steel, being threaded externally at both
ends, with hexagon formed about the center. The boI i! bored in -
ternally to accommodate a supporting ring at its front end, 12 turns
2.
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of packing, and a rear supporting ring. The rea r support ing ring is
held in position by a steel cap, threaded internally, while externally
on the outer periphery is c ut a spur wheel. T wo locking plates are
secured by screws to two flats of the hexagon.
d. Recoil Pis ton ami Rod.
(1) The piston is made of steel , being hollow and threaded
interna lly at both ends (fig. 14). The h o ll ow portion takes a throttle
or sliding bus hing, while the threaded portions receive the piston rod,
and sleeve securing sliding bushing. Externa ll y, the piston is cut to
receive a sleeve, and its rear face is cut at a n angle of 15 d egrees
through which eight ports a re cut to connect to t he interior. The sleeve
is held in position by the sleeve securing sliding bushing.
(2) The throttle or sliding bushing of the recoi l mechanism is
fitted inside the piston head, and has longitudinal move ment. It is
bored longitudi nally throughout to allow passage of the control rod.
In this boring are also cut four longitudinal grooves.
(3) The piston rod is made of steel, being hollow throughout.
The front end is threaded ext ernally for the attachme nt of the piston,
wh ile the rear end is threaded for the attachment of howitzer secur-
ing nut. The rear end is dooed by a screwed plug through which
an air release plug is fitted .
e. Control Rod and Plunger.
( 1) The control rod is made of steel, having a plunger fitted on
the rear end. The rod is tapered and bored throughout. Externally,
near the front end, it is threaded and flanged, while on the extreme
end is formed a hel<agon. The front end is dosed by an air release
p lug, and the rear end by the control plunger. H oles are bo red
through the rod to assist in filling the con trol c ham ber or piston rod
and also to control run -out.
( 2 ) The control plunger is threaded at its front end and connects
on the rear end of the control rod, being finally secured by a rivet. It
is tapered el<ter nally to the rear, having a Longitudinal groove cut
approximatel y five-eighths of it s length. Th is groove varies in depth.
The plunger is hollow, and has eight holes bored through it to assist
in controlling run -out.
f. Front Cap. The front cap is made of steel. being threaded on
the rear end for its reception into the hydraulic buffer cylinder. It has
a flanged surface through which two slots are cut for correct location
to the cradle. It is threaded internall y to receive the control rod. B e·
tween the flange and the front e nd an expansion chamber is formed.
which is con nected by a small port to the buffer cylinder. Two filling
plugs are arranged at the top of the flanged portion and a drain plug
at the bottom. A cover fits over the front end of the front cap, and
is held in position by interrupted thrust co ll ar with spring and plunger.
22
( Dn9'~ ""'"
TM E9-325A
10-11
g. On firing, the howitzer moves to the rear, pulling the recoi l

rod and piston with it. Liquid flows through the ports in the piston
he ad assembly; the throttling valve slides forward under action of the
liquid pressure, lind liquid is throttled between the throttling valve
lind the control rod. The control rod is tapered , and an increased throt-
tling action occurs liS the howitzer continues to move out of battery.
T his action plus the compression of the air in the recuperator mecha·
nism absorbs the majority of the reeoil forces. A portion of the liquid
in the recoil cy linder flows rearward to the void created in the recoil
,00.
h . On counte rrecoil, the air pressure in the recuperlltor mechanism
forces the howitzer back into battery. The liquid pressure in front of
the throttling valve forces it rearward and partially closes the ports
in the piston. Liquid flows from the front of the piston between the
throttling valve and the control rod , and to the rear of the recoil
cy linder through the partially closed piston ports. The liquid trapped
in the recoil rod e nters the control rod via the hole s in the buffer,
thence to the front end of the contro l rod into the front of t he recoi l
cylinde r, and follows the liquid path previously described to the rear
of the piston. T he liquid t rapped in the buffer chamber is throttled
as the buffer enters. I n addition, a thrott ling groove is provided on
th e buffer.
II. RECUP ERATOR MECHANISM.

•. Ge neral. The recuperator (fig. 15) is hydropneumatic with
liquid (pa r. 3 4 ) and air in direct contact, and consists principally of
the following parts : high pressure cylinde r, recuperator ram cylinder,
a n d recuperator ram and rod.
b. Hi@:h PreMu r e Cylinder .
(1) The high pressure cylinder is a steel cylinder having a stt'el
plug we lded on the front end. T his plug is dri ll ed and threaded in the
fron t for the reception of the recuperator ram cylinder. On the front
face a re two p lugs and an air valve. One of the plugs is connected
to the ai r valve and is used for attaching the adapter fo r testing and
c harg ing with air. The other plug, made of steel, is for liquid charg-
ing. An interrupted flange is formed externally at the front end for
the attachment of a cover which is finally secured by a spring p lu nger
(fig. 13) .
(2) The rear end of the cylinder is flanged and fits into the
bracket supporting the recupe rator on the carriage, and is threaded
at the rear end for the securing nut. It is bored through longitudinally,
so that the front end wi ll take the rear end of the recuperator ram
cy linder. This f ront end has two ports (holes) cut in its front face,
which connect to the longitudina l boring just in rear of the seati ng
for the recuperator ram cy linder. The rear end is screwed to take the
" Or,~, .11<"",

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TM E9·325A
11·12
DESCRIPTION AND fUNCTIONING OF CARRIAGE
stuffing box and gland. On the rear face four holes are bored to take
four screws securing two locking plates.
c. Recuperato,- Ram Cylimler. The recuperator ram cylinder
is a steel tube dosed at its front end by a screw-threaded dust cap.
It is screwed externally at its front end for screwing into the front
cnd of the high pressure cylinder, while at the rear, externally, a seat-
ing is formed for fitting into the rear portion of the high pressure
cylinder. A chamfered face is fo rmed o n the rear face o f the cylinder
to form a seating for the ~tarding valve. The retarding valve is held
on to its seating by a coil spring whose rear end fits over a spigot
formed on the stuffing box.
d. Recuperator Ram ami Rod. The recuperator ram is a steel
rod , threaded at its rear end fo r attachment to the howitzer through
the medium of two washers (o ne concave and one convex) and a
nut. The two special washers are for a ny slight misalinement and
jump of howitzer. Near the fro nt end is fitted a piston head, behind
which two U leathers are carried. with supporting rings and securmg
nut.
•
e. Ro:.:ul'eralor Action.
( I ) On firing the howitzer, it recoils to the rear, taking with it
the recupera tor ram wh ich in turn sweeps the liquid o ut of the reo
cuperator ram c y linder into the h igh pressure cylinder, by the way of
the retarding valve (pushing it off its seating), and through the two
ports in the high pressure cylinder, thus increasing the air pressure
through decreasing the a ir space.
(2) I n counterrecoil, the accumulated /lir pressure forces the
howitzer forward , a nd at the same time the retarding valve is returned
to its seating by the spring, thus allowing only 0 ce rtoin rate of flow
of liquid through the four small port ho les in the valve.
12. TOP CA RRIAGE.

a. The top carrioge is principally of welded design. It is divided
into two parts : the top carriage proper and the lower pintle bearing.
Shims are provided to compensate for the variatio n in distance be·
tween the sho ulders o f the upper and lower pintle beorings. The top
carriage is of welded co nstru ction , except the re inforcements for the
lower portio n o f the to p carriage whic h a re riveted in place. The
bottom of the top corriage contains ho les to p,.event any water collect·
ing in the pockets formed by the reinforcing braces. Two holes ore
provided a t the front of the top ca rriage to allow access for cleaning
this port ion o f the to p carriage ( figs. 16, 17, 18, and 19).
h. The to p carriage ro tates o n a pintle bearing attached to the
trail support. The upper bearing consists of two parts : the end bear.
ing and the rotating bearing.
25
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TM Et.32S.
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DESCIlIPTION AND fUNCTIONING OF CARRIAGE
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UNIVE~\lTY Of CAlifORNIA
TM E9-325A
12
GERMAN 105-MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
LOWER. PINTlE BEARING
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UNIVERSITY Of CALIfORN IA
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TM E9·325A
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13. BOTTOM CARRIAGE.

B. The bottom carriage consists of the trail support, main aIle,
pintle, IlWl:iliary axle, leaf springs, and the mechanism which changes
the means by which the forces afe transferred to the wheels.
b. The trail support pivots around the horizontal bearing attached
to the center of the main axle. When the trails are spread, the move-
ment of the trail support is limited to 6 degreH by replaceable lugs
on the trail support striking projections on the main axle. The ends
of the main axle are turned back to form stubs. The auxiliary axles
are correspondingly formed, and they pivot around the ends of these
stubs. The movement of the QUlI:iliary axles 8Te limited by projections
on the auxi liary axle arm striking lugs on the stubs of the main hie
(fig. 2 1),
FI,.,. 20 I'o.ftlolt 0# Lockl", Meder"I.", Troll. Clo.ed
I'!. When the trails are dosed, the trai l arm rotates a cam and
contacts the bearing surface on the main rude. In this position the
weight of the howitze r is transferred to the wheels by means of the
leaf springs (fig. 20).
d. When the tra ils are opened, the trai l arm rotates the cam in
the opposite direction, causing the auxiliary axles to be locked to the
main axles. Thus, the leaf springs are disengaged, a nd the weight of
(
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UNIVE~\lTY Of CAli fORNIA
TIo! n·32S'"
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the howitzer is transferred directly to the wheels. Simultaneously,

the trail arm is disengaged from its bearing surfa ce on the main 9l1:Ie
and the trail support is free to rotate about the main axle (fig. 21).
14. ELEVATING MECIIANISM.

a. The elevating mechanism consists of a series of geal'S and
single elevating aTC bolted under the cente r of the cradle (fig. 23) .
The range of the mechanism is limited both in elevation and depression
by the cradle striking the top carriage at points "B~ (fig. 22) . The
e le vat ing mechanism is completely inclosed except for the elevating
9TC and its pinion. The mechanism is designed to absorb the forces of
recoil and CQunterrecoil by permitting a movement of the worm and
wormwhee l al!;ainst Belleville springs. Provision is made for alining
the worm and wormwheel, and for alining the bevel gears on the
handwheel and intermediate shafts (figs. 23 and 24) . The maximum
elevation is 42 degrees, a nd the maximum depression is 6 degrees 30
minutes.
h , The elevation of the howitzer in traveling position is limited
by a bracket on the cradle which strikes the spring loaded pins ("A,"
fig. 22). When the trai ls are ope n, the pins spring out into position
s h own and allow the cradle to reach maximum elevatio n. When the
tra ils are closed, the flasks o f the trails force the pins inward, and
limits the elevation of the howitzer to 12 degrees 22 minutes.
15. TRAVERSING MECHAl'.1SM.

a. The travenling mechan ism is of the screw-and-nut type, and is
almost completely inclosed. Traverse is limited by the top carriage
striking either trai l flask. The traversing mechanism pivots about two
points: the left trail pin and the rear of the top ca rriage (figs. 2S and
26.) The mechanism is held in the left trail pin by means o f an
interrupted collar, and to the to p carriage by means of two split bear-
ing caps (fig. 26) . T raverse of the top carriage is obtained by varyi ng
the distance between these two points by means of the traversing
screw. The lim its o f traverse are 28 degrees to the right and 28 degrees
to the left.
h. Two indexing pointers are supplied for checking center aline·
ment for the traveling position: one for the trAils o pen, and one for
the trai ls closed (figs_ 37 and 38) .
16. TRAILS.
a. The trail support carries a vertica l pivot at each end for the
trail arms. Underneath, it has a third and central pivot for the saddle.
The trail arms are formed from deep channel pressings, with shallow
c ha nnels riveted o n to stiffen the open under side.
1I
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TM E9·325A
16
GERMAN 105-MY HOWITZER MATERIEL
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16·19
DESCRlrTION AND FUNCTIONING OF CARRIAGE
b. The jaw of the trail hinge is on the trail; a steel sleeve fits
in the bushing in the body and acts as II distance piece between the
jaws. The hinge bolt passes through this and tightens the jaws on to it,
not on to the body. The extensions fo r locking the articulation liTe on
the upper halves of the jaws. These operate II mechanism which disen-
gage5 the leaf springs for firing when the trails aTe opened.
17. SPADES.
B. The trails are provided with two sets o f spades: soft ground
spades and hll rd ground spades. The soft ground spades are perma-
nently attached to the trails and can be folded back o ver the trails.
The hard ground spades are pla tes on the tfllil ends.
h. The soft ground spades (fig. 32) liTe of a welded construction
except for the tips, which are riveted in place. Trail hand spikes and
handles are provided for moving the spades into position, and for
swinging the trail into position. The spades p ivot about an eccentric
bearing. The eccentric locks the spad es in firing position by position_
ing a bar on the spades under two lugs on the trail. The eccentric
is locked in position by a spring loaded pi n in the operat in g hand le
engaKing a locking hole on the trai l. The spades are locked in posi·
tion while fo lded back on the trails.
18. WHEELS AND BRAKES.

a. The wheels are of the fluted -disk type with so lid rubber tires.
The tires are an int egral part of a rim which is bolted to the wheels.
b. The brakes are operated from one lever located on the right
side of the carriage in front o f the shield. A transverse bar tra ns mits
the m o tion of the leve r to the left wheel. Straps are fitted so that the
brakes may be applied or released from behind the shield. Extensions
to these straps are provided so that the brakes may be operated from
the li mber or prime mover (fiKS. 21 and 28).
c. Each wheel brake is equipped w ith a means of adjustment to
compensate for the wear of the brake lining. The adjusting mechanism
is assembled in the b rake mechanism. Bra ke adjustment is made by
turn ing a small knob (fig. 28) located near the top of each brake
d~.
19. ORA WBAR.

a. The drawbar is a welded compone nt of the left trail. The
lunette in the drawbar is too small to fit the pintle o n an American
prime mover. When it is desired to tow the p iece with a n American
prime mover. improvise a method to connect the piece to the prime
mover using whatever materials are available.
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TM E9·325A
19
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TM E9-325A
20.23
GERMAN 10S·MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
Sectloll III
OPERATION
20. TO PLACE TilE WEAPON IN FIRING POSITION.
B. Certain steps Bre necessary to place the weapon in firing posi_
tion. They are, in order :
h. Disconnect the weapon from the prime mover.
c. Remove all covers and place them out of the way.
d . Disconnect the cradle t raveling lock by raising the spring
actuated knob (fig. 29) on the cradle traveling lock lever, lind rotat·
ing the lever to the left. Swing the cross bar over to the right trail
until the bar engages in its latch (fig. 30).
e. Release the trail traveling lock by rotating the trail locking
lever (fig. 31) to the right, as viewed from the back of the trails, and
then spread the trails fully until they Bre automatically locked in the
open position.
f. Apply the brakes by pulling the strap connected to the brake
lever, thereby pulling the brake lever toward the breech end of
howitzer (figs. 27 and 28).
g. The hard ground spades need no adjustme nt. If the soft ground
spades are requ ired, pull out the spring actuated knobs, and rotate
the spade locking levers toward the front of the carriage to release
the spade locking mechanism (fig. 32). Lift the trails from the ground
and swing the spades over the trail ends (fig. 33). Rotate the locking
levers to the rear of the carriage and engage the plunger in its hole to
lock the spades in position.
h. Set the safety lock in the FIRE ( "Feuer") position (fig. 34).
21. TO TRAVERSE.
a. The traversing handwheel is located on the left side of the
carriage. Rotate the handwheel clockwise for right traverse, and
counterclockwise for left traverse (fig. 10).
22. TO ELEVATE.
a. The elevating handwheel is located on the right side of the
carriage. Rotate the handwheel counterclockwise for elevation, and
clockwise for depression (fig. 10) .
23. TO OPERATE THE BREECH MECHANISM.

a. To Open (fig. 34) . Grasp the breechblock operating lever
and release the operating lever lat ch by squeezing the lever latch
trigger. Swing the operating lever to the right and rear until the
breechblock is fully open.
4.
Or,~, .11<"",
UNIVERSITY Of C/o.lJfORN lA
TM E9·325A
2]
OPERATION
ACTUAno KNOB
""";o-_S"LOCK
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TRAVELING
lA .D 55160
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ijljll'f.~~I1Y Of CAlIFalNIA
TM E9·325A
23
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21
OPIIATION
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TM E9·325A
OPERATION "
.7
,-
UNIVER''IY Of (Al.If(lRHI~
TM E9·325A
23·25
GERMAN 105·MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
h. To C lose (fig. 35). With the breech open, grasp the breech-
block operating lever and swing the operating leve r to the front and
left, until the operating le ver engages its latch.
24. POINTS TO BE OBSERVED BEFORE FIRING.

•. Reeuperator Cy linder. Before firing, the recuperator cy linder
s hould be filled to the proper capacity with liq u id, and c harged to the
correct air pressure (pars. 3S and 38). Examine the cylinder for
leakage of liquid.
b. R eeoil Cylinder. The recoil cylinder should be filled to the
proper capacity with liquid (pars. 36 and 38). Examine the cy linder
fo r leakage of liquid.
c. Equilibrator. The equilibrator should be filled to the proper
capacity with liquid lind charged to the COTTe(:t air pressure (pars. 37
and 38) . Exam ine cylinder for leakage of liquid.
d. Lubrication. All points should be lubricated as prescri bed
in paragraph 29.
e. Tube. The bore should be swabbed out w ith solvent, using
a bore sponge, and wiped dry with the sponge covered with burlap.
The gunner shou ld examine the bore to determine if perfectly clean.
If not, the bore should be swabbed again with solvent. then a wire
brush s hould be applied unt il dirt or rust has been removed. Repeat
swabbing and wiping operations until bore is clean and ready for
firing.
25. POINTS TO BE OBSERVED DURING FIRING.

a. CAUTI ON: 11 the howitzer fails to fire when the lanyard i~
pulled, the followin~ safety precautions must be ob3erved:
( I ) Stand clear of the path of recoil.
(2) Keep the howitzer at firing elevation. Do not depress the
piece.
(3) Keep the howitzer in traverse either on the target or on II.
safe place in the field of fire.
(4) The breech will not be opened until 30 !leconds after the
second unsuccessful attempt to fire the piece.
b. R ecoil Meehaniem. The action of the recoil m echanism
should be noted, and the following o perations c hecked :
(1) Howitzer recoils its prescribed. distance of 43.3 inches ( 1,100
mm). Should the recoil approach 4 6 Yt H inches (1,170 mm). it may
indicate that the recoil mechanism is out of orde r. This point is
marked with a warning "Achtung" on the recoil indicator. A recoil
length of 461ft inches ( 1,190 mm) is also marked with a warning on
the recoil indicator to stop firing "Feuerpau!le" (fig. 11).
(2) H owitzer returns in to battery without shock.
48
Or., .1< __
TM (t·325A
25
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TM E9·125A
25·2'
GERMAN 10S-MM HOWITZER MAURIEL
(3) Leakage of liquid from the filling ho les at the front of the
recoi l cylinder.
26. TO LOAD.
•. The ammunition for this weapon is semifixed, and o f a weight
that can be handled entirely by hand. The complete round is rammed
home into the breech recess of the howitzer and the breech is then
closed.
27. TO FIRE.
B. Firing of the howitzer is accomp lished by pulling the lanyard
to the rear.
28. TO PLACE WEAPON IN TRA VEUNG POSITION.
a. The steps necessary to place the weapon in trllveling position
are as follows:
h. If the soft ground spades are used, puU out the spring actuated
knobs and rotate the spade locking levers forward to release the
spade locking mechanism. Lift the spades out of the ground by means
of the hand spikes and swing the spades back onto the tuils. Rotate
the locking levers to the rear, and engage the plunger in its hole to
lock the spades in position.
c, Release the brakes by pulling on the strap connected to the
brake lever release, thereby allowing the brake lever to trip toward
the muzzle end of the howitzer.
d. Release the trail locking mechanism by stepping on the foot
pedal provided on the left trail (fig. 36). Should this fai l to release
the mechan ism, the trails and trail locking mechanism will have to
be shaken to get the mechanism to function.
e. Swing the trails into the dosed position, and lock the trails
together by rotating the tui l locking lever to the left to engage trail
traveling lock catch. Difficulty may be experienced when attempting
to dose the trails whe n the bottom carriage is spattered with mud
and dust. This condition will not allow the cams to be disengaged
from the arm (fig. 20). (See pafllgraph 3 1 for correction of this con·
dition.) These parts, therefore, will have to be pried loose. A similar
condition may exist should moisture be present and the parts freeze
together.
r. Check t he howitzer for center allnement in traverse as follows:
(1) With the trails closed, operate the traversing handwheel so
that the indexing pointer on the top carriage is located over the in.
dexing pointer on the outside of the left trail (fig. 31).
(2) If the tra ils are open, the left edge of the induing pointer
on the top carriage should be alined with the right edge of the
indexing pointer on the inner side of the left trail (fig. 38).
5.
( Or'gir I<
OPERATION
..
TM E9-3Z5A
INDEXING POINTER ON ToP CARRIAGE

INDEXING POINTER ON LEFT m,,,_
Fl9ur. 37-111dedll9 "olnt.rs-Tral/. Closed
" UNIVE',,(,'"n "0: hiirul.NlA

TM E'·325.
21
GIIM ..... 10S.M~ HOWITZIR MATlRIIL
l
I
U. '11 nln
FI•• r. 11 I."e"., 'ol.ten-Trolll 0,..-

52
ONIVE!t\ITY Of UJ,Jf(IO:NI"
Till 19.3251.
21
OPIIATION
FI,.r. ]'~lev.fI •• I,.d ••'., ,.I.f.,..

53
til V!RVIY 01" (AlIHl1NIA
TN "·USA
21
GIlMAN 10S.1I.... HOWITDI MATElIEL
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54
TM E9-125A
21-2'
LUIRICATION
g. Bring the howitzer to proper elevation by matching the indi-

cator on the upper equilibrator support with the indi cator on the
shield (fig. 39).
b. Subparagraphs f and g. above, should bring the taper pin
(fig. 40 ) at the resr of the cradle in line with the taper cup in the
cross bar of the c radle travelinl[ lock. Release the cross bar latch
(fig. 30), and swing the CfOSS bar toward the left traiL Make SUfe
the taper pin of the cradle fits into the c up in tlu! cross bar (fig. 40).
Engage the cradle traveling lock by raising the spring actuated knob
on the cradle traveling lock lever, lind rotating the lever counterclock-
wise, allowing the plunger to engage its hole. Seven holes arl! pro-
vided for the plunger, the one nearest the right trail is the one nOf-
mally used, although anyone of the others will secure the cradle
rigidly enough for traveling.
i. Replaa all rovers.
Sectioll IV
LUBRICATION
29. LUBRICATION INSTRUCTIONS.

a. Escessive wear can be prevented by keeping the materiel
clean and well lubricated. The life of the howitzer and carriage
depends very largely on proper lubrication. Particular attentio n should
be given to sliding and bearing surfaces of the slide bearing and
breech mechanism.
b. L ubricants, oi ls, and greases shown in the lubrication guide
must be used as prescribed.
c. Oilholes and similar lubricating fittings should be marked with
a circle about three-quarters inch in diameter painted with gloss red
synthetic enamel, in order that they may be readily located. NOTE:
Do not paint the fittint1s themselves. For replacement, America n
Ordnance lubricating fittings aTe interchangeable with German fit-
tings. Ordnance lubricating devices fit German lubricating fittings.
d. The oil gun should be worked slowly, and the parts oi led
should be maneuvered to insure proper distribution of the lubricant.
e. Care must be taken when clea ning oil and grease compart-
ments to insure the complete removal of a ll residue or sediment. Dirt
o r other foreign matter should not be allowed to drop into any of
the lubricating compartments.
( " on, Ifro,n

UNIVERIfTYOf (M IHlRNIA
TM E9·125A
29· ]1
GERMAN lOS-MY HOWITZER MATERIEL
t. Operating personnel 8re cautioned when cleaning the how itzer

to refrain from playing water from eithe r a norma l pressure or a
high pressure hose directly against the trunnion bearings, since this
wi ll result in water entering into the bearings causing malfunctions
of the operating parts.
g. Lubrication frequencies are based on continuous use of the
materie l with frequent firing.
Sectloa V
CARE AND PRESERVATION
30. GENERAL
B. It is of vital importance that all parts of the materie l be kept
in proper operating condition in order that the weBpon may be ready
for immediate service. The proper use of tools, scressories, and lubri-
cating, cleaning, and preserving materials provided with the howitzer
and carriage will enable personnel to keep the materiel in proper
working condition.
h. Proper lubrication, with lubricants and intervals prescribed in
paragraph 29, is essential to the care and preservation of the weapon.
Examination should be made periodically to insure that lubricants
are reaching the parts for which they are intended.
c. The howitter, carriage, and sighting equipment covers should
be used when traveling, o r when the howitzer is not in service.
d. In disassembly, assemb ly, and inspection, extreme care must
be exercised to prevent dust, dirt, and other foreign matter from en·
tering the mechanisms of the howitzer and carriage.
e. All spare parts, t001s, and accessories should be kept in an
orderly manner in the chests and containers provided, so that they
can be quickly located when required. Items which are susceptible
to rust or corrosion must be cleaned thoroughly after use and coated
with a film of oil.
f . If the howitzer has been under fire, it must be determined that
the weapon has not been damaged to a dangerous degree before fur-
ther use of the howitze r. Damage of a serious nature must be reported
to Ordnance maintenance personnel.
31. HOWITZER.
a. T u be.
( 1) Immediately after firing, clean the bore to insure complete
removal of powder residue and primer salts. Under no circumstanaiS
56
Or. ,",I< "
TM E9·325A
CARE AND PRESERVATION "

will the howiuer remain without c:leanine after it has been fired. Swab
the bore with a cleaning solution of one-half pound of soda ash to
each gallon of water. Rinse with clean warm water. After drying
thoroughly with burlap, 8 film of engine oil (SAE 30 above 32 +
degrees F , SAE 10 from + 32 degrees to 0 degrees F), or light
preservative lubricating oil below 0 deg. ees, will be applied with dean
dry burlap. If soda ash is not available, a soap sponging solution
will be prepared by dissolving 1 pound of castile soap in 4 gallons
of water. If castile soap is not available, issue soap may be used as
a substitute. The soap should be shaved from the bar to facilitate dis-
solving. It should then be added to the water and the water heated
until the soap is dissolved. The water should be stirred as quietly 9S
possible to prevent foaming. To avoid the nece!lSity of handling large
receptacles, as much soap as is required for all the water to be used
can be dissolved in one pail of water. This concentrated soap solution
can then be added to water in other receptacles to make up the pre-
scribed proportions. Special precautions must be taken to rinse the
bore thoroughly before drying, if issue soap is used in the solution,
because of the p<l$sibility of soap leaving a gummy residue, and of
corTOI'Iion from the presence of free caustic in the soap. In an eme r-
gency, water alone, preferably hot, may be used for cleaning. The
cleaning process will be repeated daily for 3 days or more, until there
is no longer any evidence of sweating. A uniform gray appearance is
indi cative of a clean bore.
(2) Daily, clean out the bore by thoroughly wiping with clean
burlap or wiping cloths, and oiling the bore with the grade of engine
oil prescribed for the bore in paragraph 29.
(3) Before firing, wipe the bore with clean dry burlap or wiping
cloths, to insure that it is clean and dry.
(4) During firing, whenever the rate of fire permits, examine the
bore for powder fouling.
(5) The cleaning of a co ld h owitze r tube after firing cannot be
accomplished, normally, at temperatures below +
32 degrees F , be-
cause the water in the cleaning solution will freeze in the tube. If
cleaning can be done with the tube hot, and hot water is available, it
may be possible to use the normal soda ash or other cleaning solu-
tions. Otherwise, it will be necessary to add denatured a lcohol, or as
emergency altemative, grade A glycerine, or antifreeze compound.
To ten parts by volume of cleaning solution, add the number of
parts o f one of the antifreeze so lutions listed below. If it is not
possible to m ix a cleaning solution with an antifreeze solution as
indicated below, the bore may be cleaned with dry-cleaning solvent.
This should be done o nly in an emergency since it is not very
effective as a cleaning solution.
57
( OOJ' . 1""'"
UNIVERIfTYOf (M IHlRNIA
TM E9·325A
31 . ]4
GERMAN 105·"" HOWITZER MATERiEl
' _ _ otwe, D_.....
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32. BREECH AND FIRING MECHANISM.

•• Br~h M~h ani 6m .
( 1) The breech mechanism should be kept dean and the parts
well lubricated with engine oi l. Since no provision is made for lubri-
ca ting the breech mechanism, it is necessary to disassemble, dean,
and lubricate the mechanism when it is in use, Bnd always after firing
periods. When not in use, it shou ld be disassembled daily a nd lubri-
cated to prevent rusting. Dry-cleaning solvent is issued for cleaning
purposes and may be applied with B cloth or brush.
(2) A steel hammer must never be used direct ly on any part of
the mechanism. A hardwood block buffer should be interposed, or
a cop per o r plastic hammer or bronze drift used.
(3) Constant care must be taken to detect any cutting o r abra-
sions on the breechblock and breech recess. If the m ech a nism does
n ot operate smoothly, it should be disassembled and inspected. Scor-
ing or bruising should be reported to Ordnance maintenance per-
sonnel.
(4) Whenever poSllible, the breech should be kept covered to
protect it from dust and grit.
h. Firing Mechanis m . The parts require the same attention
as the breech mechanism. F requent disassembly, therefore, for the
purpose of cleaning and oiling is required.
33. CARRIAGE.
a. Attention should be given to cleaning, lubricating, and loose
or broken parts. Lubrication, with the method and frequency of ap-
p lication, is carried in deta il in paragraph 29.
h. The carriage should be given a general inspection da ily o r
weekly.
34. FLUIDS USED IN HOWITZER CARRIAGE.

a. It is recommended that solutions of:
( 1) 70 pe rce nt antifreeze compound (ethylene type) plus 30
percent water be used in the recoi l cylinder.
58
Or., .1< __
TM E9-325A
34-35
CARE AND 'RESERVATION
(2) 7S percent antifreeze compound ( e thylene type) plus 2S

percent water be used in the recuperato! cylinder.
(3) 87 percent U.SP. glycerine plus 13 percent water be used in
the equilibrator cylinder.
(4) 100 percent water be used in the coo ling cylinder of the
recoil mechanism.
35. FILUNG AND CHARGING THE RECUPERATOR CYL-

INDER.
CAUTION.- Air or oitrolen may be used in charAin~ the Tecuperll -
tor $y~tem or the equilibrator. Under no circumstances will OlCy/len
be used.
•• Nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, helium, and carbon dioxide are
supplied in similar high pressure cylinders. These cylinders 8re 9 \4 6
inches in diameter and 56% ~ inches high, including the cap. NOTE:
NitrotJen may also be iuued in cylindet$ 8 inches in diameter and
76% inches high, including the cap. Acetylene gas is supplied in
cylinders I21f4 inches in d iameter and 41 inche!> high. Although the
cylinders are marked and tagged at the s upply point, the tag may
be lost and the markings obliterated in transit. Errors in tagging,
marking, or filling of a supply cylinder may result in serious damage
to equipment and injury to personnel.
h. Valves of nitroge n cylinders have special round metric threads
on the outlet. Apply flexible gas filling tube to the valve to see if
the threads match. Screw the fitting on by hand. Do not force. If
the threads do not fit by hand application, the supply cylinder does
not contain nitrogen.
c. Even though the thread s on the valve do fit the threads on the
flexible gas filling tube, the contents of the supply cylinder still may
not be nitrogen because of an error in filling. To make certain that
the contents are nitrogen proceed as follows ;
(1) Open the supply cylinder valve momentarily to blowout
any dirt or moisture. CAUTION: II the valve turns white o r be :on1es
very cold, the AlliS is carbon dioltide tmd should not be used.
(2) Place the mouth of a small balloon over the valve opening
and slowly fill it to a diameter of about 1 foot.
(3) Shut off the valve. Twist or pinch the neck of the balloon
to prevent the escape of gas. . Remove the balloon from the valve,
and away from ammunition, oil, fuels, or other inflammable material.
Then, with the aid of an assistant, continue.
(4) Tie the neck of the balloon with a piece of light string. Cau·
tiously release the balloon. If it riSe!>, it contains either hydrogen or
, 59
"
~- Of (MIHlRNIA
UNIVERIfTY
TM E9· 325A
35
GERMAN 105· MW HOWITZER MATERIEL
helium. NOTE; If the balloon walls are heavy, or jf it is not inflated

to /lood size, it may not rise even thoullh one of these lIases ill inside.
(5) H ave the assistant hold a lighted cigarette, with a pRir of
plien, about 1 inch [rom the balloon mouth. Unite the balloon neck
and hold it so the gas will blow against the cigarette. Do not hold
the cigarette in the hand. Note the reaction when the gas com es in
contact with the burning end of the cigarette.
(a) If the escaping gas ma kes the cigarette glow intensely and
then burst into flame, the gas is oxygen and should not be used in
recoi l mechanisms and equi librlltors.
(b) If the escaping gas catches on fire, it is hydrogen.
(e) If the force of the escaping gas tends to make the cigarette
glow slightly at first, and continued exposure extinguishes the ciga-
rette, it is nitrogen.
(d) H elium will extinguish a cigarette in the same manner as
nitrogen. H owever, buoyancy of the gas filled ba ll oon (subpar. c ( 4 »
above, will identify t he gas as helium.
(e) If the escaping gas produces a yellow smoky flame, it is
acetylene.
d . Acetylene gas in cylinders is under pressure not exceeding I SO

pounds. If it is compressed more than I SO pounds, it is like ly to
exp lode spontaneously. It cannot be forced in to recoil mechanisms
and equilibrators because of this low pressure. Therefore, if it is
attached to a recoi l mechanism or equi librator, the gas may back up
in to the acety lene cylinder and cause it to explode with serious
results.
e. Oxygen is especially dangerous to use in recoil mechanisms

and equilibrators. If a balloon is not available for determinin g t h e
type of gas in the supply cylinder, the following test wi ll determine
whether the cylinder contains oxygen.
(I) Place an open, clean containe r, such as a bucket or large
open-top can, in a convenient location near the supply cylinder.
Fill it with water.
(2) Place a smalle r can or bottle ( I-pt to l -qt capacity) in the
water. Allow it to fi ll and sink. Grasp the bottom of the small con-
tainer and hold it with the mouth down.
(3) Insert the end of the Il.exible filling tube into the water, in
such a position that it is just below, or inside, the mouth of the
small container.
(4) H ave the assistant open the va lve of the supply cylinder so
that the gas emerging from the e nd of the tube will bub ble up inside
the small container and displace the wate r.
60
Or., .1< __
TM E9·32SA
CARE AND PRESERVATION "

(5) When all the water has been forced out, shut off the valve
and place one hand over the open mouth of the small container to
hold in the Itas to be tested.
(0) Remove the $mall container filled with gas to a safe place.
(7) Hold the mouth of the container down. Remove the hand
from- the mouth, and immediately, but .lowly, insert a long glowing
splinter of wood, held with pliers, into the gas.
(a) If the splinter burst. into flame or glows intensely, the gas
g oxygen.
(b) If the ias iiflitea and burr!$, or ell:plodes with a pop, as the
'J)linter entert the container, the gas is either hydrogen or ac::etylene.
NOTE ; The pwpcse of inserting the glowing splinter immedi·
ately upon removing the hand is to make the test before the gas has
had a c:hance to escape from the container. The purpose of inserting
it sJowly i, to determine the reaction of the gas Il$ the splinter enters
the mQuth of the container where the gas is mixed with air (plUnging
the aplinter into the gal might eztinguidt the splinter even though the
gal i. combustible, becauae the galel must be mixed with air before
they will bum).
f. If the supply cylinder does not contain nitroaen, tag the valve
"NOT NITROGEN" and make a .pedal report to the nearest Ord-
nance maintenance unit.
;::- '" R VALVE

AIR FILliNG PLUG
ItA PD 614B
F',.,. .. 1-1.coll ."d a.c.p.,.to, eyl/.de,. F,o.t VIew

•
61
( Or>,,, fL",
TM ".USA
.. GilMAN lOS-MN HOWlif*l MAnlllL
FI, .... 42 a•••y'., Air ,,,,,_, ""
,. The recuperator cylinder (fig. 41) q filled and charged in the

followin, manner:
(1) See that howitzer il in full battery poaition and 1IeCW"eCI.
(2) Lay howitzer at lIet'O d~ .. _ elevation and ClCU level.
(3) Remove front cover ClIP.
(4) Remove air filling plUi (fig. 42).
(5) Open air valve and bleed all air p1"eINU. Manipulate the
air valve .eversl times to make lUte all air Prellure has b~en re-
moved (fi,. 43).
(6) Remove fillin&: plua: (fii- 44).
(7) Syringe or pour in liquid throUih filii", hole until the liquid
level reache. the bottom of the filling hole (fip. 4S and 46).
(8) Replace filling pill(.
(9) Elevate and deprea leversl times, leavin, howitzer at ftro
de.. UI on completion..
(10) Remove filii", plUI. Liquid Ihould jun appear; ir not, pour
in more liquid until it overflows.
.. Or;gtr .Iff"",
(
'E' •
CAli AND PlIH_YATION

..
TN 1'·32SA
ItA . . *"
flt_,.. 4J 0,..1.. AIr Verln
,
u. .. *1'
..
fit.,.. .....-O•••• wl.. u..W fUll .. ".,
, ~ "
UNIVE~SITY Of CALIfORNIA
TM E9·325A
" GEIMAN 105-UN HOWIIDI MATIRIEL
.
F',.". 45 F""., Wit. lacoll LIq.'4. U.,.' 5rrl.,.
- RA PD
(11) Attach air filling adapter, connecting pipe, and air reeervoir
to recuperator at air filling plug hole (fig. 47) .
(
..
(12) Attach pressure gage number 22 to adapter (fig. 48) .
Or"" . If. '"

TN ".325A
J5
CAli AND 'IU._VATION
lA '0 68420
Fig.,. 47 AHac.J., Adap'.r

(13) Close air valve on recuperator cylinder.
(104) Open air reservoir .Iowly until 750 pound, per.quare inch
l'eI[isters on gage. Close reservoir. Air pressure should remain con·
stant; if not, check connections for leakage.
(IS) Open air valve on recuperator cylinder.
(16) Open up air reservoir and charge recuperator to 730 pounds
per lQuare inch plus or minus 20 pound..
(17) Close air reservoir.
(18) Close air valve on recuperatOT cylinder.
(19) Remove connecting pipe.
(20) Replace connecting pipe with bleeder plug on adapter
(fig. 49).
(21) Open air valve. Pressure should read at lea.t 710 pounds
per .quare inch; if under, add more; if over 750 pound. per Iquare
inch, unscrew bleeder plU( slightly to re Jeqe eJ:cessive air prellure.
(22)
..
R emove air filling adapter and replace air filling plug.
Or > If.
..
TM E9·l25A
GEIMAN 101 .... NOWlin. MAn.11L

\
\
J
U'D A4U
AHoc.'., ,ret••,.. Go,. to ArfO,t.f

', ..... 4'
.. UMIVE~SITY Of (.I.lIf~ I~ ,
TM E'.3ZSA
JI
e.u. AND PlUIUATION
fI, ....., AtNdl., .....,.,. PI.. ,. Aft.,'.r

67
UNIVER5\TYor (AUfORNbI.
TM E'-USA
" GilMAN 105-.... HOWITZII MATlIIIL
FIt_,.. 50 It •• ow'" To, ',111_, H.,. ""
f kOKf COVEl C»
U. 'D 61411
..
FI,.ro SJ_I •• Oyl., Fr•• t C....r C.,
_" ... 11«.

U~IV(~SITY Of {Allf~NIA
TM E9·125A
CAIE AND 'IISI!.VATION "
IlA 1'0 61421
FI,.,.. 52-1 ••ovl., AIr ••'e.,. "., 011 Izpa"ll.a Chili ••'
36. FIUJNG THE RECOIL CYUNDER.

a. The following procedure is used in filling and charging the
orec=oil cylinder (Iii- ,41):
(1) See that howitzer is in full battery position.
(2) Remove the two filling plugs from the front end of cradle
(6c. 50).
(3) Remove front cover cap (fig. 51) and remove the air release
plugs (2). one on the expan.ion chamber (fig. 52) and one at the
end of the c;:ontrol rod (fig. 53).
(4) Remove air release plug from feBr end of recoil piston rod
(li&:.54).
(5) Lay the howitzer at zero degrees.
(6) P our in liquid .Iowly at one of the top lillin( holes, until it
overftOWI at air release plugs, closing each in tum as liquid appears.
(7) Continue to pour in liquid until it appears at filling bole.
(8) Replace filling plugs.
(9) Elevate and depress several times and bring the howitzer
to 5 dq:rMS on completion.
(10) Remove the two filling plugs from the front end of cradle.
( " Or .. " fL",

UNIVE~\lTY Of CALI fORNIA
Tlol E'·USA
" SilMAN lOS-.... HOWIIDI MAniin
FI,.r. 5)- «. . . . . ,., Air • .,.... " " .. C .....J 1M
FI' .... S540-LL,ou tl •• o f Air ••,.... "., .t a.. ,. ,." of 1 • •11

'We.IH
,.
TM E9·325A
36-37
CAli AND PIESERVATION
(11) Pour in more liquid (it should be only B very small

amount) until it appears at filling plugs.
(12) Replace filling plugs. Approximate amount of liquid should
be 12 V:z pints.
37. FIlLING AND CHARGING THE EQUIUBRATQR.

•• The following procedure is used in filling and charging the
equilibrator:
(1) Lay howitzer at 4 degrees elevation.
(2) Remove air filling plug (fig. 55).
(3) Open air valve and allow 81\ air to escape (fig. 56).
( 4 ) Remove equilibrator.
(5) Remove leather bellows.
•
(6) Withdraw plunger (fig. 57).
(7) Drain all liquid from cylinder.
FI,.,.. 55 ".oyl.g AII' Filii", "., .a E".lIIbrotor

71
~ "
UNIVE~SITY Of CALIfORNIA
TN 1'.l2SA
37
6.IMAN 1Of...... IIOWIIUI MATlIIIL
' ...,. 56 0,..,., AI, Yo'" ...... /IJ.rafor

72
Uh V[R"TY VI' (AUfOfflLA
TM E9·l2SA
37
CAli AND '.ISERVATION
,
EQUILIBRATOR CYLINDER
"., H.,.
,,, .... SlSII-Aftoc.'., Ado,ter f. 1•• I1~"'f.r AIr '11"0,
73
Or;',.ff,m
(
TM .'.325A
J7
GIlMAN 1000MM HOWIIDI MATlIII1.
u ......,
fI,.re 59 0, ••1., Y.IYe •• AI,. ....r.,.lr
7.
• • •
TN 19.325"
CAl. AND ' ••SIIYATION "

(8) Check condition of cup leather peckinc.
(9) Pour liquid into the cylinder to the amount of, approm.
mateiy, one pint.
(10) Replace plW1&er and .ecure leather bello....
(11) Replace equilibrator on mounting.
(12) Attach air fillina: adapter (fig. 58). connecting pipe, and air
relervoir to equilibrator at air fillina: hole.
(13) Attach pre.ure gage number 22 to adapter.
(14) Cloee air valve on equilibrator.
(IS) Open air retervoir (4 59) slowly until 600 poundl per
-zuare inch feci.ten on gage. Cloee retervoir. Air pressure should
remain comtant; if not, check connection. for 1eaka&;e.
(16) Open air valve on equilibrator and charge to 520 pounds
per ..:(uaJ'e inch.
'Ita,. ~60"'AAH.c.J., 1I••".r "119 •• Aflapt.r

75
( Or>,,, fL",
TM E9·12SA
" GERMAN 10S.MM HOWITZIR ".unllL
( 17) Close valve on air reservoir.

(18) Close air valve on equilibrator.
(19) Remove connecting pipe from adapter and replace with
bleeder plug (fig. 60).
(20) Elevate and depress howitzer for trail of handwheel effort.
(21) If handwheel effort is great in elevation, increase pressure
to approximately 550 pounds per square inch. If handwheel effort i,
found to be hard in depression. allow air to escape to approximately
480 pounds per square inch by loosening the bleeder plua;. Test the
effort at each 5-pound rise or drop in preaure.
,
(22) The approximate working preslllUTe i, 510 to 520 pounds
per square inch (fig. 61) . Do not establish pressure above SSO
pounds per square inch, or below 480 pounds per square inch, in
adjustment, as some defect in elevating gear or equilibrator is indi·
cated by these extreme limits.
(23) Remove adapter and pressure gage.
(2 4 ) Repla.ce a.ir filling plug.
" Or", ••11fom

TM E9·325A
]I
S.ctl.. VI
INSPECTION AND ADJUSTMENT
38. INSPECTION AND ADJUSTMENT•
•_ r. ..._ ....
.. o._.t I_ _
The howitzer as a unit. Note general appearance and smoothness

of operation of breech mechanism.
M easure protrusion of firing pin, which
should be three thirty-seconds inch. Dis-
assemble breech mechanism and firing
mechanism. I nspect parts for wear, burs.
o r other mutilations. See that they are
clear and well lubricated. Note condi-
tion of bore for erosion at origin of
rifling. Examine bearing $Ufface of ex-
terior of tube for scoring or other mutils-
tiolL
Breech ring. Inspect breech ring and breech recess for
burs, roughness, or scoring.
Breechblock Inspect the bearing surfaces of the breech-
block for scores or bruises.
Firing mechanism. Inspect the condition of all parts; check
for weak or broken springs.
Adjustment. The howitzer is so designed that it re-
quires no adjustment. If any of the
parts show excessive wear, they should
be replaced.
The carriage 8S 8 unit. General appearance.
Recoil cylinder. Check for the proper amount of oil in the
system (approximately 12 1j2 pints).
To check:
Lay the howitzer at zero degrees
elevation. Remove the filling plugs
from front end of cradle (fig. 50).
Liquid should appear; if not, proceed
as follows:
Remove front cover (fig. 51).
Loosen air release plugs (figs. 52
and 53), Liquid should appear,
In this case proceed as in steps
(1 1) and (12) in paragraph
36 a. In event no liquid appears,
proceed as from step (6) in
paragraph 36 s.
77
Or. ,.,1< ..
<. l l~ UNIVERSITY Of C/o.lJfORN lA
TM E9-325A
30
.. 10_""
".,to Te . .
0..,..... ,• •_ _
Recuperator cylinder. Check for proper amount of liquid in the
system as follows:
Lay howitzer at zero degrees and
cross level.
Lay howitzer at 10 minutes depres-
SIOn.
Remove front cover cap.
Unscrew filling plug slightly (fig. 44 ).
This should cause liquid to appear;
if it doe1i not, screw up plug and
repeat with howitzer laid at 30
minutes depression. If there is
still no liquid, recuperator requires
a complete recharging. Proceed as
in paragraph 35.
Screw up filli ng plug.
Lay howitzer at 1 degree 30 minutes
elevation. Unscrew fi lling p lug
slightly. Gas only should appear;
if liquid appears, reduce ai r pres-
sure to zero, establish liquid level
(par. 35) . and recharge recuper-
ator.
Check for proper amount of air p ressure in

the system 8$ follows:
Lay howitzer at zero degrees and crOS!l
level.
Remove front cover ca p.
Remove air filling plug· (fig. 42).
Attach adapter and pressure gage to
recuperator at air filling plug hole
(fig. 49 ).
See that bleeder plugs are on the
adapter and are tightened up
(fig. 49).
Open gas valve. Pressure should
read at least 710 pounds per square
inch. ( Normal air pressure is 730
pounds per square inch plus or
minus 20 pounds.) If it does not,
proceed as from step ( 11 ) In
paragraph 35 g.
Close air valve.
71
( .. Or'gir II<
TM E9·32SA
INSPECTION AND ADJUSTMENT "

_,..101 _ _
... _.t'e __
Equilibrator. Cheek elevation handwheel efforts. They
sho uld not be excessive. Inspect to see
that the proper amount of fluid and air
pre5llure is in the cylinder. Proceed as
fallows:
Try elevating gear of carriage for
handwheel efforts, in elevation and
depression.
If handwheel efforts are found to be
excessive, check the air pressure as
follows:
Remove air filling plug (fig. SS) .
Attach adapter and pressure
gage N o. 22 to hole fo r filling
plug (fig. 60).
See that joints are tight and
bleeder plugs 8Te on the
adapter (fig. 60).
Open air valves. Air pressure
should read between S ID and
520 pounds per square inch
(fig. 61); if not, note the pres-
sure and, if below 520 pounds
per $quere inch, equilibrator
should be examined at joint
Bnd packings and a complete
recharge given. If above 520
pounds per square inch re-
peat as from step (18) in
paragraph 37 a.
Elevating mechanism. Inspect to see that operation is smooth
and that the mechanism is properly
lubricated. Turn the handwheels back
and forth and note the amount of back-
lash. If it exceeds one Quarter turn of
the handwheel, notify the Ordnance
maintenance personnel.
Traversing mechanism. Inspect to see that operation is smooth
and that the perts are properly lu bri-
cated. Turn the handwheel back and
forth and note the amount of back-
lash. If it exceeds one Quarter tum
of the handwheel, notify Ordnance
maintenance peT$Onnel.
Or •.•. 1< ..
TM E9·3Z5A
18-39
GERMAN 105."N HOWITZER MATERIEL
_T. Ie 1_,...
10 _ of la _ _
Ha nd Brakes. Apply the hand brakes to see if they need

adjustment. Adjustment is made by ro-
tating each brake adjusting knob in a
clockwise direction for tightening.
Wheel,. Check for the proper lubrication.
S.dIOfl YII
MALFUNC:TIONS AND C:ORREC:TIONS
39. MALFUNCTION OF HOWITZER.
•. Failll To Fire: No P e r cuMion on Primer.
C w
Broken striker spring. Disassemble fi ring mechanism and replace
Broken or deformed broken ·or deformed parts if available.
firing pin or striker. The firing pin is staked in place. R emove
peened-ove r metal, UJ1lICTew firing pin
from case, and replace with new firing
pin if available. The mettli must be
peened back to prevent the firing pin
from backing out.
b. Fails To Fire Until Aller Seve,.1 Perculllloni on Primer.
Firing mechanism parts Diss8$E!mble firing me<:hanism and examine
not working freely. carefully for burs and rough surfaces,
and smooth with crocus cloth. Wash
parts with dry-<:leaning solvent to re-
move gummy oil; thoroughly dry and
lubricate with lubricating oil before as-
sembly. Use SAE 10 engine oil below
+ 32 degrees F , and SAE 30 above +32
degrees F.
Weak striker spring. R eplace spring.
Defective firing pin. Replace pin.
c. Faile To Fire When Proper Pre88Ure on Primer III Obtained.
Defe<:tive primer. Replace round,
d. FaUa To Extrad Empty CalK'.
Broken extractor. Carefully remove the case by operating
preferably from the breech end, or else
from the muzzle end, Eumine the edge
of the chamber for deformation or burs
which might cause difficult extractiolL
Replace spare extractors are on hand,
8.
Or. ,.,1< ..
TM E9-325A
MALFUNCTIONS AND CORRECTIONS

••
40. MALFUNCTION OF CARR lACE.
•. Howilter R eturns 10 Batter y With Too Great a Sh ock.
,-"
I mproper amount of Refill to normal ( pars. 3S and 38).
liquid and air pres-
lures in recuperator
cyli nder.
R etard ing valve fails to J ar trai ls to shake retard ing valve free. F ire
seat properly. two rounds. If condition persists, notify
Ordna nce maint enance personnel.
b. H ow itte f f.' aill! To R elurn to Oattery.

Excessive friction at re. Not ify Ordnance maintenance pel"3Ollnel.
coil .tuffing box.
Damaged slide., piston Notify Ordnance maintenance personnel.
rod, or piston.
Leakage of air pressure Notify Ordnance mai ntenan ce personnel.
in recuperator.
c. Ahnormal Length of R eeoil.

Improper am o unt o f R efill to normal ( pars. 35 and 38).
liqu id in recupera tor
cylinder.
Presence of air in recoil R elease the a ir (rom the cylinde r by re-
cylinder. moving the filling p lugs.
I mprope r a m o unt of R efill to normal (pars. 36 a nd 38).
liquid In recoil cylin-
der.
II. Exceuive Efforta Require d To Operate the Elevating

Meeh a niam ,
I mp r ope r amount of Refill to normal ( pars. 37 and 38) .
liquid and ai r pres-
sures in the equilibra-
t Of .
Insufficient lubricant in Lubricate (par. 29) .
elevating mechanism.
e. Diffic ulty in Closing th e Traile.

Bottom carriage spat - R emove mud and dust to allow the cam to
tered with mud and be disengaged from the arm (fig. 20) .
dust.
II
TM E9-325A
41 -42
GERMAN 105.N'" HOWITZER MATERIEL
Sectl.s VIII
DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY
41. GENERAL
a. Incidents of wear, breakage, cleaning, and inspection, make
necessary the occasional diSS!OSemhly of various parts of the howitzer
and carriage. This work comes under two headings: that which
may be performed by the battery personnel with the equipment
furnished, and that which m ust be performed by trained Ordnance
personnel.
b. The battery " Arson ne l may, in general, do such dismounting
as is required for .ery use. Such work should be done in t he
manner prescribed herein. Any difficulty which cannot be over-
come by the prescribed method must be brought to the attention
of Ordnance personnel.
~ T he battery personnel will not attempt to disassemble Bny
part of the recoil mechanism not authorized in this manual, nor do
any filing on the sights or howitzer parts; and then o nly by order
of the battery commander on any carriage part.
d. The use of wrenches that do not fit snugly on the parts should
be avoided. They will not only fail to tighten the part properly,
but will damage the cornea of the nuts and bolt heads. There is
also dange r of spreading the wrenches and rendering them useless.
e. Before attempting the assembly of the larger mechanisms,
the assembling of the subassemblies should be completed. In all
assembling, the bearings, sliding surfaces, threads, etc., should be
cleaned and lubricated.
42. DISASSEMBLY OF BREECH MECHANISM.

II. The necessary steps to disassemb le the breech mechanism
are, in order (fig. 62):
( I ) Set the safety lock to F I RE (~Feuer") po!Iition (fig. 6).
(2) Open the breech until the extractor is clear of the breech
r ing.
(3) Rotate t he firing lever as far as possible and remove the
extractor bo lt.
( 4 ) Allow the firing lever to return to normal.
(5) Close the breech sufficiently to allow finger pressure o n the
extractor tong 10 move the extractor into a recess in the breechblock.
(6) Open breech a nd remove t he extractor.
82
, Oric}i .1""'"
•
8A.EECH8lOCK OPERATING LEVER
DOCT
"N .-
8R H CHBlQCK -- t
TRlccrR --............~
~ .
_EXTRACTOR
~
~
~
m
CROSS HEAO CRANK '\

I
"•
~
:: FlllINC PL UNGER.
/FLRINC PlUNGER SPRINC •.z
• ~
•:::
~
STRIKER
~ FIRING LEVER
m
•-j STRIKER SPRING ..........

" "•
! ~. U\M SHAFT
~
..
E
.:
LOCK
"" ' - CAM SHAFT SPRING

STRIKER SPRINC RETAINING COVER U. 'D 55876 N •
" - CAM SHAFT SPRING FOLLOWER
fit.,.. 42~r..d, Ned ••I.. 1.,'".4 Wlew !

TM E9.]25A
42-45
GEIMAN 105-UM HOWITDI MATlIIIL
(7) With breechblock out of the breech recess as far .. the

assembly lines marked on the breechblock, aline the projection on
the axis pin with keyway. and remove the operating lever.
(8) Withdraw the crosshead crank.
(9) The breechblock and it. remaining component parts may
now be removed.
(10) W ithdraw the axil pin and remove firing lever.
(11) Set in the safety lock to SAFE ("Sicher~) positiolL
(12) Press in on the cam thait ~ring follower and withdraw
the cam shaft.
(13) The spring and follower may now be removed.
(14) Prelll in on the firing plunger and withdraw the trigger.
Then remove the firing plunger.
(IS) Press in on the firing $pfina; retainer and rotate it in either
direction and remove the retainer and spring.
(16) Remove the striker and tripping cam.
43. ASSEMBLY OF BREECH MECHANISM.

a. Assembly of the breech mechanism is the reverse of di.-
assembly.
44. REMOVAL OF WHEELS.

a. Removal of the wheel. i. accompli.hed as follows:
(1) Block up the carriage 10 that the wheels do not touch
the ground.
(2) Remove the hub caps.
NOTE: Under each hub cap is a loc::king wire that is sprung
into place. This wire may fall out when the hub cap i, partially
or wholly removed.
(3) Remove the cotter ~iM from the wheel spindles.
( 4) Remove the wheel spindle nuts.
(5) Remove the wheelL
45. REPLACEMENT OF WHEELS.

a. The wheels are replaced in the reverse order of removing them.
The short bend in the locking wire i, inserted in one of the three
groovell on the wheel hub. The relt of the locking wire is aprunl
on the lip on the wheel hub provided for the pul pose, When the
hub cap i. screwed into place, the end of the locking wire with the
.hort bend will seat itself into a .mall indentation on the hub cap,
..
thu. preventing the hub cap from backing out.
Or. ,.,1< ..
TM E9-325A
46 47
CHAPTER 1
SIGHTING AND FIRE CONTROL Et;lUIPMENT

Sectio. I
SIGHTING Et;lUIPMENT
46. INTRODUCTION.
.. The sighting and fire control equipment for the IOS-mm
Gennan howitzer includes instruments for laying the gun in direct
and indirect fire , and instruments for observation.
b. The sighting equipment includes the Panoramic Telescope
Rbi. F. 32 (Rundblickfernohr 32) or the Panoramic Telescope RbI.
F . 16, of earlier design, secured to the telescope mount; aiming plates
and aiming IXlsts used to correct for ahifting of the piece in firing:
bore sights for 8lining the telescope with the piece: and lighting equip-
ment for night use. The use of a gunner'. quadrant for orienting the
piece is indicated.
c. The fire control equipment includes the following instruments:
angles, for dec1inating, for spottina:. and

survey for the battery.
.s
(1) The aiming circle i. used for measuring angle of site, azimuth
an alidade for topographic
(2) The Artillery Computer 34 calculates mechanically the

meteorological corrections for firing.
(3) The Range Finder Em 34 is used for measuring ranges, and
may be used against either land or aerial targets.
(4) The surveying rod is tiled for initial orientation of the
battery.
(5) The plotting rules and protractor are used on a plotting
table for measuring map ranges and angles.
(6) The fuze setter is a hand fuze setter used for cutting the
time fuze.
(7) The battery commander's telescope is the principal observing
iatrument of the battery.
47. MOUNT, TELESCOPE WITH PANORAMIC TELESCOPE

32 (Rhl. F. 32), PANORAMIC TELESCOPE 16 (Rhl. F.
16) ON EXTENSION SOCKET AND RANGE DRUM.
•• Description.
(1) The telescope mount (figs. 63 and 64 ) is mounted on the
left side of the carriage, and is used to lay the howitzer in azimuth
and elevatiolL
I.
Or. . 1""'"
UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AljfORNIA
TM E9·l25A
47
GERMAN lOS-hiM HOWITZER MATERiEl
(2) The telescope mount (fig. 65) is of the azimuth compen-

sating type which permits azimuth correction when the howitzer is
e levated with the trunnions out of level. Provision is made for cross
leveling and setting in angle of site, with the level vial and knob
provided for each motion. The lingle of site scale is graduated. from
o to 500 mils. The normal setting is 300 mils. The angle of site
micrometer is graduated from 0 to 100 mils in I-mil intervals. The
range drum and range drum knob are set in quadrant elevation. The
range drum bears two scales ! one in mils (0 to 800) . and one in
meters (150 to 9,150), and the corresponding mil readings liTe from
o to 742 for use with the standard zone 5 charge. The pointer may
be placed over either scale. The mount includes match the pointer
indexes by which the elevation obtained from the telescope and tele-
scope mount is applied to the barrel A canvas cover, with leather
reinforcement around the telekope, is provided for the telescope
and telescope mount.
(3) The standard telescope (Rb i. F. 32) (figs. 63, 66, and 67)
is a 4-power, fixed-focus type, and is positioned and locked in the
telescope socket on the mount. The cam of the socket telescope lever
engages a notch in the body of the telescope. The line of sight may
be raised or lowered by rotation of the elevation knob. Coarse and
fine graduations in mils are provided for reference in elevation of the
head. The azimuth scales on the vertical barrel of the telescope are
graduated in lOO-mil intervals, the upper scale, 0 to 64; the lower
scale, 0 to 32. A knurled portion permits adjustment. The center
index is locked in place by a lug at the front of the telescope. The
azimuth micrometer includes 2 scales graduated in mils from 0 to 100
mib.. The index between the scales is fixed. It is believed that one
scale is used for setting in corrections, and the other for setting in
fine azimuth values. A throwout lever is provided for rapid setting
in azimuth. A locking lever locks the azimuth micrometer in any
setting. The reticle pattern is shown in figure 67. With the telescope
mounted in the socket, the field of view is limited by the opening
in the shield to 180 mils left and 214 mils right , approximate ly. This
telescope also fits the extension which is furnished with the other
telescope.
(4) The auxiliary panoramic telescope (RbI. F. 16) (figs. 64, 66,
and· 67) is a 4· power, fixed ·focus type and is provided. with a sight
extension. It is used to bring the line of sight above the shield. This
permits the selection of aiming points at practically any azimuth
from the gun. This telescope will not fit the telescope socket of the
mount. The telescope has a cross level and longitudinal level, for
checking the alinement when the telescope and bracket are secure
to the mount. Since the levels ar not readily visible in this position,
a mirror is pro vided on the telescope. The elevation scale and
86
Or. • . rr_.
TM E9·125A
47
SIGHTING EQUIPMENT
FI,ere til_T.,.,cop. M•••, Wlfil Sf.ad.,.d '."ora.le

rel.,eop •
•7
(. Or .. " from
TM E9·32SA
.7
GEIMAN 105-MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
micrometer of the head resembles those of the standard telescope.

The azimuth scale is graduated in lOO-mii intervals and numbered
from 0 to 64. The azimuth micrometer bears only the fine azimuth
scale of the standard telescope. The throwout and locking mechanism
is the same as that of the standard telescope.
b. Operation.
(1) DIRECT LAYING.
(a) Set the e levation scale and micrometer on the telescope head
to zero. Set the angle of sight knob to z-ero.
(b) Set off the lateral deflection on the azimuth micrometer of
the panoramic telescope.
(e) Rotate the cross le vel worm knob until the bubble of the
CI"O$Sleve l is central.
(d) Set off the dellired range on the Tange drum.
(e) Turn the longitudinal knob and the howitzer traversing hand-
wheel to bring the telescope cross lines to bear on the target.
(I) Tum the howitzer elevating handwheel to match the pointer.
(') During the operation of direct laying, coincidence of tele-
scope crollll lines and target must be maintained, and the telescope
mount must be kept cross leveled.
( 2) INDIRECT LAVING.
(II) Set off the azimuth of the target with respect to the aiming
point of the azimuth scale and micrometer of the panoramic telescope.
(b) Traverse the howitzer until the vertical line in the telescope
reticle falls on the aiming point, keeping the telescope mount CIClU
leveled. To cross level the mount, tum the cross leveling knob. It
may be necessary to rotate the elevating knob on the panoramic
telescope in order to keep the aiming point within the field of view;
this procedure being permissible in indirect laying.
(c) Set the angle of sight on the angle of sight scale and mi-
crometer, then center the angle of sight level bubble by turning the
longitudinal knob.
(d) Set off the desired range by rotating the range drum hand-
wheel, and reading the proper scale against the pointer. Quadrant
elevation may be set off instead of range by using the elevation scale.
(e) Tum the elevation handwheel of the howitzer to match the
pointers. The howitzer is now properly pointed at the target.
(I) The telescope mount must be kept cross leveled, the angle
of site bubble centered, and the vertical line of the panoramic tele-
scope coincident with the aiming point, at all times during the opera-
tion of indirect laying.
u
, Oti-v' .1 ""'"
UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAl.IfORN IA
-
TM E'·325A
47
SIGHTING EqUIPMENT
PANatAMI C
WITH EXTENSION
T:l~~~U
u. ... 11149
",.,. u rol.teo,. M••"f Wif. 'aIlON.le Tol•• e.,.

....1 Edo"I'••
" -.
UNI \lUIITY OfC~lIfORN IA
TM 19·3254
.7
GEIMAN 105-.... HOWIRII MATIIIEL
MATCH THE POINTER INDEXES
TELESCOPE SOCKET"
LOCATING SCREW
lAM>' """ 7
Of SI TE
ANGLE Of SITE SCALE

CROSS LEVEL
Of SITE lEVEL
' '''Ne. DRUM HANOWHEEL
UO"NAL LEVELI NG NUT
CROSS LEVEL KNOB
....... 111M
FI,.,.. 6S-Tel••cop. Mo ••,

to
TM E9·325A
47
SIGHTING EqUIPMENT
/ ' ELEVATION MICROMETER
~ - / . "'::~
to'
r-:
/' ,
LClCAT!NC Li..IG
LEVER
IlA " ' sun
FI,er. 66 'o"orcII./1: r.,••cope. Frollf View

(3) USE OF PANORAMIC TltLESCOPE WITH EXTENSION (fig. 64).
The instructions given above apply to this panoramic telescope and
extension as well, with the added condition that the level and CTO!IS
level attached to the telescope be checked, to make sure that the
telescope is properly seated and the extension is true, when the levels
of the mount are centered and the angle of sight knob is set at normaL
11':. Teats and Adjustments.
( 1) VERIFICATION OF TELESCOPE MOUNT.
(a) Level the howitzer laterally (axis of trunnions) and longi-
tudinally (axis of bore). Set the angle of sight scale a nd micromete r
to normal. Cente r the bubble!! in the angle of lIite level and in the
CfO!lS leve L Place a gunner's quadrant, the accuracy of whi ch has
been mablished, o n the. machined surface at the t op of the telescope
socket, and in a line parallel first to the a:ris of trunnions, and then
91
( Or .. " fL",
UNIVE~\lTY Of CALIfORN IA
TM !'.32SA
.7
6 .... AN , ..... HOWlin. MATltllL
f--RETICLE PAnEIiN
I BlICK LASH
ElEVATION _ _
'''''''
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LEVEL MIRROR
CROSS LEVEl
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t>
Thl E9·325A
.7
SIGHTING EQUIPMENT
in a line parallel to the axis of bore. If the bubble of the gunner's

quadrant is centered in both positions, the mount is in adjustment.
If the bubble is not centered, it will be necessary to adjust the mount
level in question.
(b) Adjustment of the locating screws of the telescope socket
may be made, using a panoramic telescope in good adjustment. Bore
sight the howitzer on II distant point and, with the telescope set in
its nonnal position, tum the screws in or out to bring the telescope
to bear exactly on the bore sighted point.
(2) VERIFICATION OF PANORAMIC TELESCOPE. Place the pano-

ramic telescope in the telescope socket of an adjusted mount and
level. Cross level and bore sight the howitzer on a distant point.
With each scale and micrometer set at the normal position, sight
through the telescope on the point. If the telescope is not alined in
azimuth with the point, the scale and micrometer require adjust-
ment. Turn the microme ter to accurately aline the telescope with
the distant point. Loosen the locking screw off center in the end of
the micrometer knob, shift the micrometer to index exactly, then re-
clamp the knob. If the azimuth scale is also out of alinement, loosen
the scale clamp, adjust the scale, and redamp. Check the new set-
tings by turning the telescope away from the point, and then bring it
to bear again on the point.
(3) VERIFICATION AND ADJUSTMENT OF MATCH THE PoiNTER

INDEXES OF TELESCOPE MOUNT. The match the pointer indexes
should line up with each other when the telescope mount and howitzer
are level. One of the indexes has slotted mounting holes for adjust-
ment. Adjustment may be performed by temporarily loosening the
two screws on the index, and shifting the index to correct alinement.
d, Care and Pre&ervation.

(I) Refer to paragraph 60 for general instructions pertaining to
the care and preservation of instruments.
(2) Stops are provided to limit the longitudinal and croas leveling
motions, and no attempt should be made to force the mechanisms
beyond these limits. Avoid rough handling which might disturb ad-
justment of the telescope and mount.
(3) Oil cups circled in red are provided for lubrication of the
principal bearings, and oil only is to be applied.
(4) Disassembling of the panoramic telescopes or telescope
mount, other than the di'lISsembling incident to normal operating
procedure, i, not permitted.
" Or. I""'"

UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AljfORNIA
TM E9.325A
.1-51
GERMAN lD5-MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
48. AIMING PLATES.

B. Deeeription. One or two aluminum plates (fig. 68) , gradu-
ated in two centimeter divisions to II length of one meter, are pro-
vided with each howitzer. Each plate has two detachable steel pickets
for embedding the plate in the ground. When it is not in use, the
p late is folded in half. Two plates 9fe placed in II canvas carrying
case.
h. Use. The aiming plate is used with the split-trail howitzer to
compensate for the shifting of the piece and telescope in firing. The
scale is placed at a distance of 20 meters (65.62 feet) from the tele-
scope to give read ings of I mi l. The center graduation of the plate is
lined up with the aiming post and the telescope. If the piece and
the telescope move, the displacement is read through the telescope
in mils on the scale of the plate. The telescope is reset accordingly.
49. AIMING POST.

a. Two round wood r:n aiming posts (fig. 69), painted in alternate
red and white bands, are provided with each howit.1:er. Each post
consists of two sections which are assembled with a left-hand thread.
The thread a lso fits the brushes used for cleaning the bore. The
lower section of each post has a steel foot support for embedding the
post in the ground. One of the posts is carried on the carnage, one
section on the outside of each trail leg. It is not known whether a
definite place is set aside for the other post.
50. GUNNER'S QUADRANT.

a. Information on the gunner's quadrant is not available. The
use of a quadrant in bore sighting the howitzer is indicated by the
presence of three screws on the breech. The screws are used for
positioning the quadra nt each time in the same position.
51. BORE SIGHT.

a. The bore sight is used to indicate the direction of the axis of
the bore for orientation purposes. Each bore sight consists of a breech
element and a muule element.
h. Deecriplion.
(I) The American breech bore sight is a disk which fits ac-
curately in the breech chamber of the how it.1:er. There is no informa·
tion available as to the construction of the breech bore sight used on
this howit.1:er although it probably resembles the American type.
Where the breech bore sight is lacking, an empty cartridge case with
primer removed is sometimes used. or the firing pin may be removed
and the firing pin hole will then serve as the breech bore sight.
9.
Or,~, .11<"",
TM E'·USA
51·52
SIGHTING EQUlltMENT
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(2) ScoTe marks on the face of the muzzle indicate that the
mwzle bore sight consists of two pieces of string, stretched tightly
across the muzzle, positioned by the horizontal and vertical sct)Je
marks, and held in place by a strap.
c. Operation. With the two elements in place, look through the

aperture in the bore sight; the direction of the axis is indicated by
the cord intersection.
d . Car e and Preservation. The cord and belt of the muzzle bore
siiht should be wound into a compact bundle when not in use. Handle
the breech bore sight carefully to prevent nicking and burring.
52. LIGHTING.
a. The on-carriage sighting equipment and the lire control in-
struments have indiv idual lighting units made up of battery and
battery box and cable assemblies. These lighting units appear to be
interchangeable on German instruments, but may not be used on any
America n instrument. Two battery boxes are supplied.
•
" UNIVE~\lTY Of CAlifORN IA
TM E9·125A
52
GERMAN 10S·MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
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UNIV,~\lTY
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TM E9.325A
52
SIGHTING EqUIPMINT
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TM E9-325A
52-53
GERMAN lOS·MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
h. The shape of the battery is unknown but it probably is of

flashlight type, fitting the battery boxes (fig. 70) . The battery box
contains a r~eptade for the cable. Two types of cable assemblies are
furnished: one, including a plug. cable, and lamp bracKet; the other,
a plug, cable, and double receptacle fo r extensio n purposes. The lamp
bracket assemblies include a lamp $OCket screwed into the bracket
whi ch has do vetail slots for engaging the slides in the instruments.
A shutter regulates the amo unt of light given off. A latch at the end
of the bracke t engages a notch in the slide for locking. The lamps
are 3.S·volt, O.2·ampere, miniature screw base type.
e. Slides are provided on the telescope for illumination of the
reticle. Slides on the mount permit illumination of the range drum
index, and the two levels. On the sh ield of the carriage is a hook
for hold ing the extension receptacle, and for loose cable.
d. The battery commander's telescope and the aiming circle have
slides adjacent to the reticles, for attachment of the lamp brackets as
required.
e. A lighting devi ce is also furnished for the aiming post.
FIRE CONTROL E9UIPMENT

53. AIMING CIRCLE.
a. General. The aiming circle (figs. 11 to 14) is used for meas-
uring angle of site, for declinating and determining a:rimuth angles,
and for spotting. The instrument, removed from the tripod, may be
used on a plane table for topographic survey. The a iming circle con-
sists of a periscope, a telescope having 4- or S-power magnification,
an angle of site mount, an a:r imuth mount, and a tripod. The tripod
is the same as that of the battery commander's telescope. Carrying
cases for the instrument and the tripod are provided. A trench mount
is furnished which can be embedded in the ground or in wood, for
use in place of the tripod. A lamp bracket and portable battery sup-
plies light for the telescope reticle. Graduations are in mils.
b. De~rlption of Components.
(I) The periscope raises the line of sight, but has no magnifyin"
power. It is attached, but not locked in place, to the aim in" circle
by a dovetailed slide. The aiming circle may be used without the
periscope.
(2) The telescope has an adjustable focusing eyepiece. Horizontal
..
and vertical cross lines and a deflection scale are on the reticle of the
Q,i.v, .1 ""'"
L UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORN IA
TM E9·125A
Fill! CONTROL IQUIPMENT "

telescope. On top of the telescope body is 8 level used with the angle
of site mechanism. On the left of the telescope is a circular level. A
sun shade is provided for \Ue when the periscope is not attached.
(3) The angle of site mount supports the telescope, and includes
iiigraduated elevation scale and micrometer, a magnetic needle, a
circular level, and clamping devi~
(a) The elevation scale is graduated from 0 to 1,400 mils, and
the micrometer from 0 to 100 mill. The normal setting is 300 mill.
(b) The magnetic needle has a visible range of 10 degrees on
either side of the magnetic north line. A knob below the window
marked "N" locks the needle when it is not in use. A window at the
~S" end permits observation from the rear of the instrument.
(c) The circular level is used with the compound head of the
tripod for leveling the instrument.
(d) Clamping levers lock the angle of site mount on the azimuth
mount.
(ft) The folded lO-centimeter ruler (fig. 74) is for use when the
telescope and angle of site mount, disengaged from the traversing
mechanism, are in use on a plane table in topographic survey.
(4) The azimuth mount has a tapered stud which supports the
angle of site mount; an 8%imuth scale, graduated from 0 to 6,400 mils
in lOO-mil intervals; and a micrometer graduated from 0 to 100 mils
in I_mil intervals. A throwout lever permits rapid traversing of the
instrument. The 8%imuth mount is clamped to the spindle of the
tripod.
(5) The tripod i. used for both the aiming circle and battery
commander'. telescope. The tripod includes a spindle, a worm and a
worm wheel mechanism, a ball and socket joint, and individually
clamped legs. The spindle supports the instrument and is attached
to the worm and worm wheel which is used for orientation. The ball
and lOCket joint includes the ball at the end of the spindle, and two
ciampini nuts, one of which permits crolS leveling and the other,
circular OIdllation. The tripod legs have clamping levers at the head
for locking each lei to the head. At the foot of each II!i is a steel
point and footrest which facilitates embeddini in the ground.
(6) The carryini case (fig. 73) is provided for the instrument.
The table of contents pasted in the cover also lists 1 plug in lamp
and 4 lamp'. a dry cell battery box, a dust brush, a cleaning cloth,
and an impregnated cloth to be used for decontamination purposes.
e. Operation.
(I) To set up the instrument, clamp the tripod legs at the de·
sired length and embed them firmly in the ground. Level the instru·
ment, using the circular level and the ball and socket joint. Tighten
t.,
" Or'gir olf<.:
TM E'.U5A •
53
GEIMAN 10~M" HOWITUI MATlIIIL
_ - AIMING CI RCLE
TRENCH
...- TRIPOD
Figure 71-Alm"', Clrcl.

100
UNIVERSITY or (AlifORNbI.
TM E9-325A
FI.~ eONTROL EQUIPMENT "

TRAN SlATION
LOS · LOOSE
fEST . LOCKED
OSTW. • EASTWARD
,
WESTI .. WESTWARD
ANGLE OF SITE
AZIMUn-t MICROMETER __
AZ IMUTH ~ AZIMUTH SCALE
:\'~~'R KNOS
NUT
CROSS LEVELING NUT - -
"c
U. 'D 55'351
,.,
FI,,,re 72_Almlll' Circle Close•.,p
•
UNIVE~SlTY
•
Of (.u~1A
GERMAN 105·114114 HOWITZER MATERIEL
TRANSlATION
VOR EINS£TZEN DES RKR.
MAGNO NA DEL FESTlAC€N I
BEFORE PACKING THE
AIMING CIRCLE ClAMP
CARRYING CASE THE MAGNETIC NEEDLE
VSBLICK . CAUT ION
INHALTSVEIlZEICHNIS
ITIST Of CONTENTS
[KASTEN IIKII 31
~HEST. AIMING CIIIC LE 31
,, "".
- BEHAL TER FU R
BATTERY
, 'N
• I IMPREGNATED
· 4lAMPS
V.02A.
PUTZTUCH·
I CLEANING CLOTH
STAUBPINSEL •
DUST BIIUSH
ANGl E OF SITE
Fi911re 7l-Almlng Circfe ComponHh

102
• UNIVERSITY "
~ Of CALI fORNIA
.
TM E9.]25A
53
FIRE CONTROL EqUlltMENT
_ "NO" Of' SI TE MICROM£T£R
,,~'" ''''''
R£TICl E WINDOW
NUOL[ w~'l
TELESCOPE
CIRCULAR LEVEl
LEVE R
:",~' ..
M FOLDING
U , . IUIt
the clamping nuts. Focus the telescope as required, using the sleeve
on the eyepiece to set in the correction necessary for the observer',
eye.
(2) T o orient the instrument, a datum point of known azimuth
or Q magnetic bearing may be used.
(lJ) To orient on a datum point of known azimuth, set the main
azimuth sc:ale (tOO-mil intervals) and micrometer ( I -mil intervals)
to the azimuth of the datum point, /lind tum the orienting knob until
t he datum point appears on the vertical cross line of the reticle. The
instrument may also be relocated on the tripod spindle, using the
orientin& clamping screw for large angular changes. The t elescope
may be elevated or depressed as required to center the point in the
field of view.
(b) To orient on magnetic north, set the main az imuth scale and
micrometer to indicate zero. Press the plunger re lealling the magnetic
needle and tum one of the orienting knobs until the north-seeking end
of the magnetic needle appears apprOll:imately opposite the "N" indell:
at the front of the instrument, then refine the setting so that the south.
seeking end of the needle is centered in the reticle. The il1ll1:rument
may also be relocated on the tripod spindle UlIing the orienting clamp-
ing screw for large angular changes. The almmg circle will then
indicate magnetic azimuths.
,.,
Or .. " fL",
TM E'·USA
53-54
GERMAN 105· .... HOWITZER MATtRIEL
(c) To orient on grid north, proceed liS for magnetic north, but
set the azimuth to the magnetic declination of the locality (subtrllcting
Wellt dec::linations from 6,400 mils) instelld of to zero. The instrument
will then indicate grid azimuths.
(d) When orientation by magnetic bearings hps been completed,
tum the knob to clamp the magnetic needle.
(3) To read azimuth, bring the object on the vertical cross line
of the reticle using the azimuth knob; the throwout lever may be de-
pressed for making large azimuth changes rapidly. Azimuths from
o to 6,400 mils are (elld directly on the azimuth scale; the scale is
graduated at 100 mil-intervals, and the micrometer is graduated at
I -mil intervals.
( 4 ) To read angle of site, first make sure that with the telescope
level bubble and the circle level bubble centered t he angle of site
scale and micrometer read normal. Then center the object in azimuth.
Raise or depress the angle of site micrometer to center the object
on the reticle cross lines and read the angle of site on the scale and.
micrometer.
(5) T o prepare the instrument for traveling, place it in the carry-
ing case provided.
d. Teau and Adju8tment8.

( 1 ) The azimuth micrometers should read ~O" when the azimuth
scale indicates zero. The screw in the end of the azimuth micrometer
may be temporarily loosened for this adjustment.
(2) The telescope level should indicate the line of sight as de-
termined by the center of the reticle to be horizontal. This may be
verified by sighting on a distant point at the same level as the t ele-
scope, the error, if any, being read on the reticle. No OOrTectlve
adjustment by the using arms is permitted.
(3) T o check the accuracy of the dec linator, it is necessary to set
up the instrument in a position not s u bject to local magnetic llttrac-
tion, and sight on one or (prefe rably) more points of known azimuth.
The average erTor should be noted and the necessary CQrTection
recorded. No adjustment by the using arms is permitted.
54. ARTlll .ERY COMPUTER 34 (ARTILLERJE RECREN·

SCH.IEBER 34).
a. General.
( 1 ) The Artillerie R echell$chieber 3 4. $Ometimes called artillery
computer; arti llery slide rule; a nd artillery weather calculator are
'04
Or., .1< __
TM E9.32SA
54
FIlE CONTROL EQUIPMlNT
intended for use with the IOS·mm Light Field H owitzer 18 with the
following ammunition:
. . . .u ... ., 7 . . IM'IE I . . . _ . T"" , ,'II) ... _ .... T,_ ' S liz
P.H. Gr. 38 5tg Feldhaubitze granate Field howitzer shell
38 stahlguss 38 cast steel
un<! un<! and
F.H. Gr. Feldhaubiue granate Field howitzer shell
mit mit ";!h
AZ. 23V (0,25) AufshlagzUnder Percussion (w:e, 23,
23 Ver:ragerung delay action (0.25
(O~5) ~. )
Dopp Z.S.j60 Fl. OopplezUnder 5/ 60 Combination fwe
Fleihkraft 5.60, centrifugal
(2) The inltrument mechanically calculates firing data from the

metro message data.
(3) In uaing the computer with American data the following
points should be remembered
(a) The German Wetter-Meldung diffel1ll from the American
metro message in giving data in tenns of time of ftight rather than in
zones of height.
(b) The German value5 lor wind bearing and gun target bearing
are given in wind nwnben, i.e., the azimuth scale is graduated in 32
parts for a comple te circle corresponding to the 32 points of the com-
pass. Divide American mil values by 200 when setting them into the
instrument.
(c) The Gennan wind velocity is given in mete n per second.
Multiply the Ame ri can values in miles per hour by 0.447 to set meten
per second into the instrume nt.
(d) The German air de nsity is given in kilograms per cubic meter.
The American air density is eJlpressed in percent of standard, or
100 percent based at a sea le ve l air de nsity of 525.9 grains per cubic
foot at 59 "F . This corresponds for standard air de nsity to 1.203 kilo-
gram. per cubic meter. Convenion t o air densities other than standard
may be do ne by multiplying 1.203 by the percent of standard and
dividing by 100. If air density values expressed in kilograms per
cubic mete( cannot be readily obtained, set the instl1.lment to 1.20
kilograms per cubic meter ( the closest practical setting to the theoreti-
cal value) .
(e) The Gennan angle of site values include a correctio n fo r non-
rigidity of traj ectory.
(I) The fwe setting values (Ziinde ntellung in Grad vom Krew)
obtained are the G e rman arbitrary values graduated on the fwe setter
,••
time scale.
"
~ Of CALIfORNIA
UNIV[RlfTY
TM E9·125A
54
GEIMAN 10S-M ... HOWITZER MATlRIIL
RA .D 81301
('J MuuJe velocity correctioIll are normally carried on the shield

of each piece with which this instrument may be used.
b. Description.
(1) The instrument is carried and operated in its light aluminum
carrying case. Its dimensions are approximately 19 inches x 8 inches
J: 3 inches, and itl weight is approximately 15 pounds complete.
(2) It includes a range scale with pointer; correction d isks on

which are set off, in tum, wind velocity and direction, and gun target
direction; and mechanisms COfTecting fOf air density. weight of
projectile, mW21e velocity, and powder temperature. The disks are
linked so that the corrections are accumulated and give a lateral cor-
rection for cross wind and a corrected range. In the cover of the case
are curves and scales for determination of charge, angle of site, time
of flight in seconds, and fuz-e setting.
(3) The data set into the computer includes:
(/J) M etro message.
W ind velocity (meters per second).
Direction of wind.
Density of air (kilograms per cubic meter) for prevailing tempera-
ture and barometric pressure.
(b) T emperature of powder (Celsiulgrad (same as degrees
Centigrade) ).
(c) Weight of projectile (zones).
(d) Correction for change of muzzle velocity.
(e) Measured range (map ranges in kilometers).
(/) Gun target direction.
W Difference in he ight between gun and target (meters).
,.,
Or;gtr .Iff"",
(
A _ WINO COMPONENT RANGE DRUM
I {AIR DENSITY CORRECTION MECHANISM
-,AND RANGE DRUM
C ,PROJECTILE WEIGHT CORRECTION MECHANISM
-,!\NO RANGE DRUM
, O _ MUZZLE VElOCITY COIIRECTION 5CALE AND INDEX

I ,POWDER TEMPERATURE CORR ECTION MECHANISM
-lAND RANGE DRUM
' -RANG!: CORRECTION KNOll
G _LAT£JlAL CORRECTION SCALE (Fa_ OOSS WINO)
,
~
, "
H- RANGECORRECTION INDEX
J - RANGE CORRECTION SCALE
, It _ CORRECTED RANGE SCAlE

L _MAP RANGE SCALE
M _RANGE Of!.UM (I...MUAL COUlCTION)
•
x
e
•
•
-
~ Y
,
"' _ TANGENT ELEVATION SCAlES
' - 4111. OENSITY CORRECTION TABLE
Q-FlASH RWUCER TARLE
' -M£TRO M[SS "GE TABLE
•
.,
•
~
~,
~~
M
S_FUZE SETTING SCAlE
T _ ANGLE OF SIT~ CURVES (FOR EACH CH,IIRGfj
U _GU N _TAAGET \'iEIGHT SCAlE
V _ RANG( SCALES
W _ TIME Of FLIGHT SCAlES
•
' - FUZE SETTING SCAlE

, " Y-WIND COMPONENT KNOt!
Z _ WIND VELOCITY SCALE
"" _ClAMP
" _GUN_TARGET BEARING INDEX
CC _ WINO 8EARING INDEX
DD -SHOES U'D ")02
FI,.r. 76-Artlllery Co",o"er l<f IG.r••• '_Arro.'•••• t

TM E9·325A
5.
(4) The instrument contains the following tables and mecha-

nisms;
(a) Metro message table: containing columns for day, month,
hour, and height of plane of metro message.
(b) Air density correction table: correction between firing point
and metro $l:atiotL
(e) Time of Bight, and fuze setting and angle of sight charts.
(d) P owder temperature correction mechanism.
(e) Muzz-ie velocity correction mechanism.
( I) Projectile weight correction mechanism.
('J Air density correction mechanism.
(h) Wind component mechanism.
(5) The followi ng data is obtained from the instrument;
(a) Lateral correction for cross wind in mils.
(b) Corrected range in kilometers.
(e) Amount of range corrected in kilometers.
(d) Corrected tangent elevation.
(e) Corrected angle of site in mils.
(I) Fuze setting in degrees from the cross or safe setting.
(~) Time of flight in seconds.
1':. Operation-Settingll.
( 1) METRO MESSAGE.
(ll) On the metro message table, use a soft lead pencil or crayon
to fill in the columns marked :
Tag-day.
Monat-month.
Uhr-hour.
Hohe ( Dm)-height in decimeters.
Ball. Luftgew. i. Dezim. kg/ cbm-ballistic air density In kilo-
grams/ cu. meter.
BaIJ.-wind.
Richtg. Windz.-wind figures (direction of wind).
Geschw. m / s--velocity meters/ sec.
(b) In noting the data in the column headed "Richtg. Windz.~
the values noted (wind numbers) represent intervals of 200 mils., to
match the wind component disk which has 32 graduations in 360
degrees. Hence, the number "2" would mean 400 mils.
(2) AIR DENSITV CORRECTION.
'08
Or,~, .11<"",
TM E9.325'"
54
F'I! CONTROL IqUIPMINT
IMflEOIlOLOG'CAl.
(REPORT
DAY
==:t HEIGHT
HOUR (TI M E)
I '
.."
CORRECTION Of
AIR. OENSITY FOR
.Dl fFERENCE IN
ALTITUDE, FIRING
h rtn d· FlASH REDUCER TABLE
POSITION·HEIGHT " rll,1
OF METRO STATION
UI· !
MUZZLE VELOC ITY
CORRECTION
,
~-+~~. . . CHARGE OR ZONE
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.... • +.
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,ot
( , UNI¥[~'irrY Of alifORNIA
TM E9.l25A
5.
(II) At the bottom of the metro meS$8ge platen is a two-columned

table headed:
''Verbesserung des Luftgewichts fur H ohenuntef"$Chie<i :
Feurstellung-Hohenlage def Wett e rmeldu ng~
Translated, this becomes:
Correction of air density fo r difference in altitude:
Firing position-height of metro station
(b) The columns are headed:
.. ........11••• ··....,..... I<W
ho her +.tiefer - , m" kleiner -, grossert +. kg/ cbm"
Translated, these become:
flrla<i .... /tIM All _iOIty
hiiher +, lo wer - , meters less -, morl! +. kilograms/ cubic
meter
(c) This corr~tion is added to the air density value obtained
from the m etro stlltion.
(3) CoRRECTION FOR FLASH REDOCI!:R. Next to the air density
correction table is a table headed:
UKartush_ Vorlage Flash reducer
Ldg. Stufen- Andg" Charge or Muzzle velocity
zone correction
If flash reducer is used, the necessary correction should be noted.
( 4) RANGE DRUMS, ScALE AND INDEXES.
(&) Set each of the S·range drums to the charge selected, and
set the index for each drum on the measured range.
(b) Set the measured (map) range in on the scale marked
"G emessene E . in km."
(5) WIND CoMPONENT SETTING.
(a) On the scale marked "W ind-Geschw. m / s," set the index to
the ballistic wind velocity noted in the "~schw . m/l~ column.
( b) Set the red arrow to the bearing in wind number of the
ballistic wind noted in the "R ichtg. Windt." Column and clamp the
knurled handle.
(c) Turn the wind component knob to set the target bearing
in wind number against the index marked "Sch. -R " (Schiess---
Ri chtung ).
(6) CoRRECTION FOR POWDER TEMPERATURE. Loosen the
knurled clamping nut and set the knife edge of the m echa nism labeled
"P . Temp. Cels." (Pulve r Temperatur Celsiusgrad or powder tem-
perature, Centigrade) to that point on the c hart corresponding to
the type of powder and to the temperature. The chart has blac k lines
fo r dilllycol propellant. and red lines for neuglycol propell ant. The
"0
Dn9, II"""
UNIV,~\lTY Of (AlifORN IA
TM E9·l25A
'4
FIRE CONTROL EQUIPMENT
-!
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TM E9.32SA
54
GEIMAN lOS-M .. HOWITZER MATEIIEL
radial linea represent dearees Centigrade, and the red radial line
( lO"C) is the standard !lettinll:. Redamp the nut.
(7) CoRRECTION FOR PRoJ&CTILE WEIGHT. L001en the knurled
clamping nut and set the index marked "Gesch.----Gew." (projectile
weiiht) to the zone corresponding to that ZORe marked on the
projectile. Zone III is the standard weight. Rec1amp the nut.
(8) BASIC STEP CoRRECTION (MuZZLE VELOCITY CoRRECTION.)
(/J) The "Grund-Stufe" or howitzer correction mechanism i, pr0-
vided for correction for variation from the standard muule velocity.
(b) German guns are calibrated by measuring the remaining
velocity at 50 rneten (55 yards) from the muule. Range table. give,
for each charge, the increment to be added to obtain the correspond-
ing mwzle velocity.
(e) The "GrundIMen Tafel" (howitzer correction table) marked
on the ahleJd of the weapon gives the correction to be added for each
char~ and range. Set the stop to give this correction. If minus cor-
rections are necelsary, these may be set in as a last step, lUI noted in
subparagraph d (2), below, when making the final setting.
(9) AIR lliNSITY CoRRECTION. On the "Luft-Gewicht" (air
denlity) mechanism, set the ratchet index to the air density value
CORRECTION SHOE
1 I 1
W'N" "'"""<EN' "'0'
WIND BEARI NG INDEX
U. PO 11101
fI,.,.. 79-Artlllery C.Mpeter .J.f ,G.r•• ld_W,.. d C••po .....,

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112
Or > .I/rom
TM E9·3Z5A
54
FilE CONTROL EqUIPMENT
POWou rumu'" ,,, '

.' •
••
FI,.,.. IO-Artlllo"Y COMp.'." Jof lGe,.••• J-I...d.,.

r ••,.rof.,.. Corr·utlo.
obtained from the metro table by addition of the air density value
at the metro station and the air deruity correction required for
difference in height between firing position and metro .. tation.
d. Operation-Readinp.
(1) LATERAL CoRRECTION'. Push the lateral correction ..snle
drum until its shoe bean 8&ainst the clamp of the wind component
indicator. Read off on the scale associated with the pointer "Seilen-
Verbellerun.g~ (lateral correction) the necellary correction in mil.
for CIOII wind.
(2) CoRRBCT&D RANG£.. Turn the range correction knob at the
left of the instrument until a ll the correction me<:hani$fm have been
moved to the right aa far as their settini' permit. (If a plua correc·
tion on the "Gnmd-Stufe" mechanism is neceuary. turn the knob
all the way, then back until the "Grund-Stufe" indeJ; read. the re-
quired value) . R ead the corrected rana:e on the scale marked
"Verbellerte E. in km" (corrected range in kilomete,..).
(3) CoRRECTION OF RANGE. The amount of range corrected i.
indicated on the unnamed scale jU5t below the corrected range
( '" Or>,,, fL",

TM E9·325A
54
GERMAN 10SoNM HOWITZER MATERIEL
•
••
•
....'D .1J07
Howlher (GermanI_VIew of CorNetl••
Tohle o. nl.ld
"4
Or .. ".Ifrom
Tlot E9·325A
54
FIRt: CONTROL EQUIPMENT
.
Al l DE NSI TY
"
1INCl'iES
" I. 'I ItA'D .UOI
FI,",. 12-Artillery Comp,,'.r J4 IGerm.II' Correetloll

Weelloltls ••
scale which is graduated from plus 4 kilomctert to minus 4 kilometers.

The index for this scale is mounted on the"P. Temp. Cels." mechanism.
( 4 ) TANGENT ELEVATION. R ead off the tangent elevation indi-
cated by the index marked "Verb. Erhg." on the drum marked "Verb.
Erhohung in Strich" ( tangent elevation in mils).
(5) ANGLE OF SIT~
(aJ The angle of site set on German guns is a "tota'" angle

of site which includes map angle of site plus 8 correction for non-
rigidity of trajectory. It is set in mils.
(b) Set the corrected range in on t he range scale for the particu-
lar chart, in the cover, which corresponds to the charge used. The
Kale is marked "Entfemung in km." (range in km).
(c) Set difference in height between gun and target, u obt ained
from map. on the scale "Hohenunterschied Gesh.-Ziel m" (difference
in height between gun and target in meten). Read the "tot al" angle
of sight in mils from the curve picked out by t he sliding pointer.
115
( Or;',. I< "

TM E9.]25,.
54
GilMAN 105-M" HOWITZII MATEIIEL
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TM E'-32SA
5.
FIRE CONTROL EqUIPMENT
(6) FuZE SEI liNe. Thil value may be read off directly on the
scale in the cover marked "Ziinderstellung in Grad yom Krew" (hue
setting in degrees from the index eross).
e. Example.
(1) PRoBLEM.
Map range ~,OOO meten.
Direction of fire--2,OOO mils.
Difference in altitude between gun and taTl!;et-S2 meters.
Metro datum plane and gun 'Pme elevation.
Direction of wind-tOO mils.
Velocity of wind-lO meten per second.
Air del1llity-L30 kg/ cbm.
Shell weight-zone II.
Powder temperature (Oiglycol +
40 0 C).
Flash reducer correction-none.
Charge 4 (may be obtained from table painted on gun shield).
(2) SoLUTION.
(a) Set the five range drums to charge 4, and set the index of
each range drum to 4 km (A, fig. 84). Set 4 km in on the scale
marked "Gemessene E. in km." (B, fig. 84).
(b) Set the red arrow of inner circle to 0.5 (direction of wind
(100 mils), el[pren~d in increments of 200 mils, equals 0.5) (C, fig.
84). Set wind velocity of 10 meters per second in on the scale
marked NWind_Geschw. m / s. Clamp (D, fig. 84). Set the index
marked NSch. -R" to 10 (direction of fire (2,000 mils), expressed in
increments of 200 mils, equals 10} (E, fig. 84).
(e) Set the knife edge of the "P . Temp. Cels." mechanism to
the intersection of the red charge 4 (Diglycol) line and the 40°C +
line (F, fig. 84). Then clamp.
(d) Set the index marked "Oesch -Gew." to zone II and clamp
(G, fig. 84) .
(e) Set the stop for the "Grund_Stufe n mechanism to UO" (H, fig.
84). NOTE; II a /fuh reducer is used, a correction to the muzzle
velocity wil1 be nec~ssary. The stop for the "Grund-Stufe" mechanism
i, then set to the "Stufen-Andg" corresponding to the "Ldg." (charge)
shown in the chart in figure 75. An additional correction may be
necellary if the bore of the howitzer is worn. Values fOf this correc-
tion for varioul ranges are tabulated in the chart in figure 81.
(I) Set the ratchet of the "Luft-Gewicht" mechanism to "1.30
ka; / cbm" (I, fig. 84).
(.) Tum knob (1, fig. 84) at left of instrument to push
mechanisms as far to right as permitted by settings. Push the lateral
117
Or •.•. 1< ..
UNIVERSITY Of Cl-.lJfORN lA
TM E9·325A
54
GilMAN l05-.. M HOWITZII MATIIIEL
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UNIVERIlTY Of UlifOPNIA
TM E9·l25A
54-55
FIRE CONTROL E9UI'MENT
deRection drum (K, fig. 84) (adjacent to wind component mech-

anism) until its shoe bean; against the wind component clamp (L,
fig. 84).
(h) Read off the following results:
"Seiten-Verbesserung" (lateral correction for cross wind) (M,
fig.84) ... ... ", ......... " ... . . . " .. " . +
, .. .. ........... . 10 mils
"Verbesserte E . in Km" (corrected range) (N, fig. 84) ___ ..... 3.840 km
Verb. Erhohung in Stric:h" (tangent elevation) (0, fig. 8 4 ) .. 226 mils
Unmarked scale (amount range corrected) (P, fig. 84) .... 0. 156 km +
(i) Set the sliding index in the cover to 3.840 km on the scale
"Entfemung in km" for charge 4 (A, fig. 85).
(j) Set the sliding index to S2m on the scale "Hohenunterschied
Gesh-Ziel m." (8, fig. 85).
(k) Read the following values:
"Flugzeit in s. ~ (time of flight) (C, fig. 85) .. ", .. .. _. ,.. "" .. ".. ,, 13.8 sec
ZUndefStelJung in Grad vom Kreut ~ (fuze setting in degrees from
index cross) (0, fig. 85) .... " ........ "" " ....... " .... ....... "" " ........ " ". 91
Unnamed numbered curves (angle of site, including correction
for nonrigidity of trajectory) (E, fig. 85) ... "" ........ " .... ... 315 mi ls
f. Preparation fo r T r avel. Make sure that all clamping knobs
are secure. Close the case.
g. Car e a nd P retlervalio n.
(1) Normally no lubrication 1S necessary.
(2) The instrument should be kept closed at all times when not
in we.
(3) The instrument should be kept clean and free of dust and
dirt or sand. I t should not be operated, if SBnd or dirt is found, unti l
after being thoroughly cleaned.
( 4 ) Care should be taken to avoid marring or scratching the
scales and drums.
(5) Knobs and slides should not be forced. If binding OCCUfS,
clean the binding parts. If parts are damaged, notify Ordnance
personnel.
55. FINDER, RANGE, 34 (Em 34).

•• Ge ne r al.
( 1) The Range Finder 34 (Entfernungsmesser 34 ) is wed for
measuring ranges of land or aerial targets. Range readings are
obtained in ""'ten and are visible in the field of view. American
range finders are calibrated in yards.
(2) T he range finder is furnished with a shoulder harness (at
least two t ypes Of which are known), tripod, and an adj usting
lath (Justierlatte O.70m) with carrying case.
'"
t , Or. ,II<"",
UNIVERSITYOf C/o.lJfORNlA
TM E9·325A
55
GEI,..AN 10~MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
/
I. F. H. 18.
\.
- - --
'I 'I
--- ---- .... '1)1U12
b. De.c:ription.
(1) The instrument is a coincidence-type range findm- having
the following characterilrtica:
•
Base length .. ..... __ ... ", ........... ", ........... .. .......... ... ,' 70 centimeters
Magnification ... . __ .... __ . . ... ________ ._. ___ , .. _. __ .... _,., ___ ,_, ll-power
Range ..... . " .......... ..... .200 to 10,000 meters (2 19 to 10,9315 yanh)
Width of field of view at 1,000 meters ....152 meters (67.75 yards)
Weight of range finder ........ ..... , ....... ... .... " '_, .. _.. ,_" " .. 10 pound,
(2) The range finder has an insert-type field of view, and a
range scale alto visible in the field of view (fig. 87).
'2.
( Or"" . If, '"
TM E9·32SA
FIll CONTROL I!OUIPMINT "
.... I'll 111M
FI,.r. '6--It ••,_ FI.der 34 WHit Har ....
(3) The eyepiece has a diopter scale for adjustment for the
obllerver', eye. The open sight, close to the eyepiece, facilitates the
rapid picking up (If the target. The end box sleeves (fig. 88) may
be rotated to cover the end windo~ for travel or storage. The
rallie knob, when rotated, simultaneously brings the images into
coincidence and rotatelil the range scale.
(4) The coincidence correction or range correction knob or

roller (Berichtigung der Entfemung) is covered by a revolving pro-
tecting ring. The halving correction knob Of roller (Berichtigung
der H ohe) il covered by the same ring. The lock screw marked
"Sperren" ( locked) penniu BCceIIII only to the halving correction
knob. The amount of range correction set il1 is visible in the win-
dow labeled "Entfemungsuerrichtigung" (range correction).
(5) The eyepiece cap and the buffers protect the instrument
in use and in travel. The carrying strap facilitates carrying.
(6) The shoulder harness shown in 6gures 86 and 89 is normally
worn with the pouch on the back, out of the way, although the
harness may be readily assembled for use with the pouch on the
chest. The harness is disassembled and placed in the pouch for
121
Or> Itw.n
TM E9·32sA
55
GIItMAN 105-MM HOWITZII MA.TERIEL
.".
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A - RANGE fiNDER NOT FOCUSED ON TARGET
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a- RANGE FINDER FOCUSED ON TARGET
" •• re 17-.. ",. FI"der 14_FI.ld 01 VIew

122
'II~UMY Of CAUf<ltNIA
DIOPTER SCAlE RANCE CORRECTION SCAlE
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RANGE CORRECTION KNOll n
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(BOTH UNDER COVER I
END BOX SLEEVE
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EM 34 I[NTERNUNCMESSERI • RANCE FIN DER 34
ENTFERNUNGSBERICHTIGUNC . RANCE CORRECTION
VERGA. · IIX · MACNIF ICATION IIX
SPERREN _ SHUT
BER ICHTIGUNG DER HOHE . ADJUST FOR HEIGHT
BERICHTIGUNG DER ENTFERNUNC · AOJU ST FOR AANCE
CEBR . WICHMANN M.B.H, . WI CHMANN BROS. LTO.
ENT£RNUNGN 'fEILUNC 1M [INDUCK ABLESEN _
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NUR IN STELLlJ NG " ZU " SPERR EN U. OfFEN. RANCE SCALE _ READ OFF IN EYEP IECE
LOCK ONLY ! WHEN IN TIE ''' ZU '' POSITION ~.
I. PD 11146
F".,.. II a•• ,. ".der J.f-A....W... View.

Ii!
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TM E9.325A
55
GEI"AN lOS-M" HOWITZER MATlRIIL
' - SPRING
POUCH
FI,.r. "-Ia.,. F'.fler Jf Hor....

"4
'liVER IY 01' (Al.IfOO'II~
TM E9.32SA
55
.. I. CONTROL IQUIPMINT
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125
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UMIV[kSITY Of u.t.1f(fN1~
TM E9·325A
55
GERMAN 105-NM HOWIIZER MATERllL
travel. Another type of harness sometimes furnished, makes use of

a tripod held on a chest pad for sighting by an observer who may
be erect, sitting, or kneeling.
(7) A tripod is furnished for ranging by a prone observer, and
has a socket and damp for engaging the ball-shaped bearing at the
center of the range finder.
(8) The lath (Justierlatte 0.70 em) has a small elbow telescope
built into the center for alining the lath with the range finder, and
folding adjustable legs for setting up. A case is provided for carry-
ing (fig. 90).
c. Operation.
(1) To set up the instrument, adjust the harness on the observer
(fig. 86). The carrying pouch shou ld hang on the back, and the
spring-mounted holdel"$ for the range finder should e;(tend in front
of the oh$erver. Carefully place the range finder in the holden,
and in line with the eye of the observer.
(2) Focus the eyepiece by rota ting the diopter scale to produce
a sharp image. If the operator knows the value for his own eye,
the setting may be made directly on the scale.
(3) T o measure the range of the target, aline the instrument
o n the target, using the open sight. Select a clearly defined part,
perpendicular, if possible, to the halving line. Center the target in
the field or view. Turn the range knob until the images of the
target appear in coincidence. Read the range value centered in the
field of view.
(4) To prepare the instrument for traveling, remove the in-
strument from the harness, close the end box covers, and cover
the eyepiece. Disassemble the harness and put it in the c arrying
pouch.
d, Teets and Adjustments.

(1) HALVING ADJUSTMENT. Incorrect adjustment of the halving
line is indicated by the failure of the corresponding points on the
inverted and erect images to fall on the halving line. To correct
the halving, slide back the cover to index the arrow adjacent to
"Berichtigung der HCihe," and turn the nposed roller or knob until
the corresponding point of each image touches the halving lines, as
in figure 91. A sharply defined point at least 200 meters (220 yards)
away must be used for this adjustment. Return the cover to its
original position when the adjustment is completed, to guard against
accidental turning of the roller or knobs. The inverted image will,
of course, not be as complete as the inverted images shown in fig_
ure 91, since the insert permits visibility of o nly a small portion o f
the inverted image.
'26
, Ooiov ••1""'"
UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORN IA
TM E9·125A
55
F'IE CONTROL EQUIPMENT
~::---,
RA PO J1741
F',.r. 9l-Fle/d. of VI ••
o R... PD 31741
F/,.re 91_YI••• Wit." US'"' AdlllS#;", Lotlt
(2) RANGE ADJUSTMENT-DISTANT TARGET METHOD. Select a

sharply defined object a t least 200 meters (220 yards) away, the
range of which is accurately known, and bring the object into coinci-
dence «(y, fig. 91). If the range scale agrees with the known Tange,
the instrument is in adjustment. If adjustment is required, t urn the
lock screw in the direction marked ~ Sperren" and aline the arrow
adjacent to "Bericht igung der Endemung," on the protecting cover,
thus esposing the range correction knob or roller. Turn the knob
to obtain coincidence then cover and lock.
127
Or. ,",I< "
TM E'-32SA
55-57
GERMAN IOS-MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
(3) RANGE ADJUSTMENT-INFINITY METHOD. To te$t the in-

strument by the infinity method, set up the adjusting lath (Justierlatte
0,70 em) belonging to the instrument in 9. horizontal position at least
110 meters (125 yards) from the instrument. An American adjusting
lath bean the same serial number as the range finder with which
it is to be used. Make sure that the lath is perpendicular to the line
of sight from the range finder by sighting on the range finder with
the elbow telescope built into the lath. Set the range scale to the
infinity position. If the images appear alined (®. fig. 92), the
instrument is adjusted. If the images appear as in <D. figure 92, the
following adjustment is required. Turn the lock screw in the direc-
tion marked ~SpelTen" and aline the arrow adjacent to "Beric:htigung
der Entfernung" on the protecting cover, thus exposing the range cor-
rection knob. Tum the knob until the images appear as in ®, figure
92, then cover and lock..
e. Care and Pre&ervalion.
( 1) Refer to paragraph 60 on general instructions pertaining to
the care and preservation of instruments.
(2) Keep the end box sleeves closed and eyepiece covered when
the instrument is not in use.
(3) When the instrument is to be carried for long distance, or
is to be stored, disassemble the harness, clean it, and stow it in the
pouch.
(4) Keep the adjusting lath in its carrying case when not in use.
56. SURVEYING ROD.

a. A 3-meter surveying rod (fig. 93), graduated in l -centimeter
division,., is provided for orientation of the battery. The rod is hinged
to reduce its length to about three-quarters of a meter for storage
and travel The fo lded rod is carried in a canvas case fitted with a
sling strap.
57. PLO'I"IING RULES.

B. Three rules are furnished as plotting board accessories.
b. One steel rule (fig. 94) bears a linear scale, graduated from
o to 14 kilometers in 5-meter interval,., and a quadrant, gTaduated
from minus 800 mill to plus 800 mils in 50-mil intervals. At the
zero end is a center for pivoting. This rule may be used for plottinll
azimuth and range values on a topographic map with a scale of
1 :25,000.
e. The steel protractor is graduated from minus 500 mils to plus
500 mils in 2-mil intervals. The radius of curvature is 480 millimeters.
Two point. permit pinning the protractor to a board.
121
0.., II"""
UNIV,~\lTY Of (AllfORNIA
TM (9·325A
57
PI" CONTROL IqUI'M.NT
I
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TM Et.]254
57
GERMAN lOS-MM HOWITZER ... ATElltL
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TM E'.]2SA
57·58
FIRE CONTROL EQUIPMENT
INDEX
TRANSLATION
STEllUNG - POSITION
FI, .... 95 ,.,. Setter-Top
d. The other steel rule bears a linear $Cale, graduated from 0

to 14,600 meters in sO· meter intervals, Bnd B center at the zero end.
At about 11 ,800 meters is a raised section. When this rule is set up
with the protractor on a deflection chart, the raised section clears
the protractor. The rule and protractor are used for plotting deflec-
tions on a chart with a scale of 1:25,000.
58. FUZE SEWER.

•• DeAeription.
(1) The fuze setter (figs. 9S and 96) is used by the gunner for
setting the time fuze. The leather covered handle can be folded back
for morage.
(2) The principal parts of the fuze setter are an upper rotating
section which contains a fixed lug, and a lower section which contains
a movable spring-loaded p lunger lug. The lower section is graduated
from 15 to 350 degrees.
'" ~ ~
TN E'.USA
5..59
GilMAN 10S-MM HOWITUI MATEIIIL
LUG
FIg.,." ,.,. SeHer lotto.
b. Operation. Make the desired setting and clamp the two

uctions together, the fU%e setter being carefully positioned on the fuze
80 that the lixed Jug engages with the fme. Thi, forces the spring-
loaded lug back into its recess. The fuze setter is then rotated in the
direction indicated by the arrow until the plunger lug snaps into place.
Lift off the fuze setter without further rotation.
59. BA'ITERY COMMANDER'S TELESCOPE.

•• Deeeription.
(1) The battery commander'. telescope (ligs.. 97 and 98) is.
O-power, binocular instrument used for observation and for me..,.
uring Illimuths and angles of ,ite. The instrument consists of a tele-
scope and an aJimuth mount, tripod, carrying case, and accessories.
The tripod includes an orienting mount. A trench mount is furnished,
which can be embedded in the ground or in wood, for we in place
of the tripod.
(2) The telescope may be positioned vertically (fig. 97). or it
may be .wung horizontally (fig. 99) to increase the stereoscopic
m
( Or>,,, fL",
TM E9.325A
59
FIlE CONTROL EQUIPMENT
effect. The recticle, which remains erect in any position of the tele-
scope arms, is illuminated by the removable lamp on the slide near
the reticle.
b. Operation.
(1) To set the instrument, clamp the tripod legs at the desired
length, embed them firmly in the ground, and tighten the leg clamps
(fig. 100) . Using the spring plunger, clamp the telescope on the
vertical spindle extending from the orienting mount. (The tripod has
a mount which permits cross leveling and orienting.) Level the mount
by centering the bubble in the circular level ( fig. 101). When the
bubble is centered, clamp the ball-and-socket joint on the lower mount.
(2) To prepare the telescope, release the telescope clamping
knob (fig. 97). and turn the telescope elbows to the vertical or
harilontsl position, as required. Set the proper interpupillary distan«
on the interpupillary scale (fig. 98), graduated from 55 to 75 milli-
meters, and clamp the interpupillary wing knob. If the interpupillary
distance for the observer is not known, it may be found by observing
the sky, and moving the eyepiece apart or toaether, until the field of
view changes from two circles, or two overlapping circles, to one
sharply defined circle. The interpupillary wing knob is then clamped.
Focus each eyepiece independently by covering one of them and
looking through the telescope with both eyes open at an object sev·
eral hundred yards away; turn the diopter scale until the object ob-
served appears sharply defined. The diopter scale on each eyepiece
permits immediate adjustment for each eye if the observer knows
his own eye corrections. If required, pla« the light or dark filters
over the eyepiece, and the metal sun shades over the objective lenses.
Tubular sections, about 8 inches long, can be attached to the sun
shades for protection against rain.
(3) To orient the instrument, select a datum point of known
azimuth, and set this value of the azimuth scale (100-mil steps) and
micrometer (I _mil steps) . The throwout lever may be "-ed for
making large changes in azimuth rapidly. Tum the telesc:ope with
the orienting knob until the datum point appears at the center of
the reticle of the right-hand telescope. The orienting clamping knob
may be temporarily released for making large angular change. rapidly.
Thereafter, use only the azimuth knob, or, for large changes, the
azimuth throwout lever, and the c:orrect azimuth of the point observed
will be indicated. For azimuths in the 3,200- to 6,400-mil region,
additional numbers (0 to 3,200 mils) are provided, c:orresponding to
the azimuth scale on the panoramic telescope.
(4) Direct the telescope on the object, and rotate the elevatinl
knob until the object appears at the center of the reticle. Center the
angle of site level bubble by adjustini the angle of .ite knob. The
m
Or. • . rr_ . .
TM E9.]25,t.
" GilMAN 105·MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
_ 8 .<. TELESCOPE
_ _ '","'>U'>'"., , " CLAMP KNOB
l U I&.ATIQN
H _· a.c. T!LESC()P !,SCI~SOR TYPE
M!8~RE' S·
TRENCH
MOUNT
I 1
MOUNT
MOUNT, ON TR IPOO
( INGELEN ~ BAUM:;CHRAuaE· AZ IM UT H
2 REG[NSCHUTliOHRE _ 2 RAIN ~OnC1'OR

T UBES
I SEHAl UR fUR HROMQUEllE· CONTAINER
FOR 8... THRY
HANDV<MP[ _ HAND lAMP
ANSnClC.lAMPf: _ PLUG IN LAMP
I ..... RTEllER , ZW[nACH. DOUBLE DISTRIBUTOR
~ GlUHBIRN!r< J .Sv I Z. VORRAl, •• BUl.BS
3.5V.
I AUGlNMUSeo<EL I I . VORRAT! _ EVE GUARD
1 Bl!NDGU.S(R, HE LL· I Fil HRS, llGl<T
1 BLENOGLASER, OUN ~ !l. 2 f iLTERS, DARK
I PUTZVCH. CLEANING CLOTH
I STAU9PINSll _ OUST BRUSH
1 KLNlINOLTUCH IN TASCH!. IMPREGN" TW
CLOTH IN PACKET
B.C. TELESCOPE
CARRYING CASE
TRI POD
CARRYING
CAS<
lA PO )16M
",.re 97~ott.'Y COIIllllo"d.,', Tele.cop. WIf6 C.,.

"4
0.... ","
UNIVtl1'im OfUUfORN lA
TM E9.325A
59
.++,ft't
. -'--'-+-;"+++ i,
~ T++ - +++-tI
DIOPTER rr- -'-~+-:- + f"++'
~++ +++ + +-ii
++ + -j..+++ "
"-'++++++'
L RET IC LE PA~:N
LOCKING PLUNGER
AZ IMUTH SCALE - -
~-
C;:~':1:,~~
·11 AZIMUTH KNOB
MOUNT>
NOTATION
MOUNT CLAMP
ORIENTING KN08
rOF TRIPOD I _ _ CROSS LEVELING NUT
NUT C","' - -
'..--_'' ROTATING MOTION NUT
_ _ _ NUT CLAMP
..... D nut
Figure '._.ottery Comma"de,.', relescope CIa....'
'" Or. ,",I< "

TM E9.32SA
It
GEIMAN 105-MM HOWITZEI MATERIIL
RETICLE LAMP BRACKET
ANGlE OF SITE ;:;~~
AZIMUTH ."e",.. SITE
. - _ THROWOOT
LOCKING '"m,,,, __ LEVER
ClRCUlA.II.
.. "
FI,.,.. " __aHery Co""nollcfe,'s Tel.leop. ,.t.'p.plllory
Seo', alld AII,I. 0# SIf" "'ee.o.I••
angle of site is then read on the angle of site scale, which is graduated
in mils. An indication of "300" corresponds to a horizontal line of
sight. CAUTION: Always release the te/eKOpe knob beloTe ro tating
the teleKopes in a vertical plane. FailUre to do this may rNUll in
dam. to t he irutrument and cause double vision.
(5) The reticle (fig. 98). located in the right eyepiece, is a grid,
the horizontal and vertical axis of which are graduated in 100mii
intervals.
(6) The throwout mechanism is provided for rapidly traversing
the telescope. A circular level is provided for leveling the head. The
traversing head is graduated from 0 to 64 in lOO-mil divisions, with
a micrometer adjustment from 0 to 100 in I -mil divisions.
(7) To prepare the instrument for traveling, remove the SWI
shades and fi lters, if used. With the telescope shanks in a vertical
position, disengage the telescope from the mount. Loosen the tele-
(
'" Or"" . If, '"
UNIVE~\lTY Of CAlifORN IA J
TM E9.3ZSA
'9
_ _ CROSS l EVB.. ING NUT
__ ROTATING MOTION NUT
TRANSlATION
LOS · LOOSE
f EST · LOCKEO
• • I'D IIU2
'19-'" JOO 'offery CO_.Glrder'. rel.,cop. oed AiI,,'.,

Circle-Tripod Head
137
( Or"" . If. '"
TM E9·]2SA
59
GERMAN 10S-MM HOWlnl1 MATERIEL
.A 1'0 JlJlI
ItCOpe damping knob, Bnd place the telescope ,hafa in a vertical

po.ition. Place the instrument in the wooden carrying case.
e. Teet. and Adju.lmen....
(1) TIle azimuth micrometer and a:t:imuth scale should Rad "0"
simultaneously. The screw in the end of the micrometer ma y be
temporarily IWlene<! to pennit adju.rtment.
(2) The angle of site mechanism may be checked by observing
a datum point of known angle site. Small errors may be corTected by
temporarily ioo.eninll: the screw in the end of the knob, and slipping
the micrometer and knob to the correct position. Should the angle
(
"" Or"" . If. '"
TM E9.]25A
59· 60
of site scale and micrometer then fail to indicate ~300" and ~O" re-
spectively, the instrument should be turned in for adjustment by
authorized Ordnance personnel.
60. CARE AND PRESERVATION.

a. General.
(1) The instructions given here supplement instructions pertain-
ing to individual instruments included in preceding parQgraphs.
(2) F ire control and sighting instruments are, in general, rugged
and suited for the purpose fOT which they have been designed. They
will not, however, stand rough handling or abuse, and inaccuracy or
malfunctioning may result from such mistreatment.
(3) Unnecessary turning of screws or other parts not incident to
the use of the instrument is express ly forbidden.
(4) K eep the instruments as dryas possible. Do not put an
instrument in its carrying case when wet.
(5) When not in use, keep the instruments in the carrying cases
provided, or in the condition indicated for traveling. Box sleeves on
optical instruments should be dosed, and eyepieces covered.
(6) The maintenance duties described are those for which tools
and parts have been provided the using arm personnel. Other replace-
ments and repairs are the responsibility of maintenance personnel,
but may be performed by the using arm personnel, when circum-
stances permit, within the discretion of the pertinent Ordnance officer.
(7) No painting of lire control or sighting equipment by the using
arms is permitted.
(8) Many worm d rives have throwout mechanisms to pe rmit
rapid motion through large angles. When using these mechanisms, it
is essential that the throwout le ver be fully depressed to prevent
injury to the worm and gear teeth.
(9) Wheo using a tripod with adjustable legs, be certain that the
legs are damped tightly to prevent possibility of collapse.
( 10) Whe~ setting up tripods on sloping terrain, place two legs
on the downhill side to provide maximum stability.
( 11 ) Dry-cell batteries should not be kept in the battery boxes
when the instrument is oot in use. Dry-cell batteries whe n weak
deteriorate ra pid ly , and wi ll ca use corrosion and other dam age to
containers.
h. O ptical Parta.
( I ) T o obtain satisfactory vision, it is necessary that the exposed
surfaces of the lenses and other parts be kept dean a nd d ry. Cor-
'" Or •.•. 1< ..

TM E9·3Z5A
.. GEIMAN 105-MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
rosion and etching of the surface of the gla.ss can be prevented, or

greatly retarded, by keeping the g lass clean and dry.
(2) Under no condition will polishing liquids, pastes, or abrasive.
be used for polishing lenses Bnd windows.
(3) For wipini optical parts, use on ly lens paper specially in.
tended for cleaning optical glass. Use of the cleaning cloths in the
field is not permitted.. To remove dust, brush the glass lightly with a
clean eame1's-hair brush, and rap the brush against iii hard body in
order to knock out the small particles of dust that cling to the haira.
Repeat this operation until all dust is removed. W ith lOme instru-
ments, an additional brush with coarse bristles is provided for cleaning
mechanical parts. It is eS!lential that each brush be used only for the
pu. poses intended.
(") Exercise particular care to keep optical parts free from oil
and grease. Do not wipe the lenses or windows with the fingers. T o
remove oil or grease from optical surfaces, apply ethyl alcohol with
a dean camel's-hair brush, and rub gently with dean lens paper. If
alcohol is not available, breathe heavily on the glass and wipe off with
dean lens paper, repeat this operation several times until dean.
(5) M oisture due to condensation may collect on the optical parts
of the instrument when the temperature of the parts is lower than that
of the surrounding air. Thi, moi,ture, if not estessive, can be removed
by placing the instrument in a warm place. Heat from strongly con-
centrated sources .hould not be applied directly, as it may cause un-
equal expansion of parts, thereby resulting in breakage of optical parts
or inaccuracies in o bservation.
c. Lubricants.
( 1) Where lubrication with oil is indicated, use lubricating oil
for aircraft instrumentlll and machine guns.
(2) Where lubricatio n with grease is indicated, use special lubri-
cating grease.
(3) Esposed moving points shou ld be oiled occasionally. Interior
parts are not to be lubricated by the wing arms. Wipe off any eseess
lubricant that seeps from the mechanism to prevent accumulation of
dust and grit.
( 4 ) The tripod pivotlll should be carefully oiled a t frequent in-
tervals.
( 5) Do not oil optical parts.
'40
Oro" II"""
"...
TM E9·325A
CHAI"TER 4
AMMUNITION
61. GENERAL
a. Ammun ition for the German IOS-mm fie ld howitzer ( l.F.H . 18)
is similar to U. S. IOS-mm howitzer ammunition in that the propel-
ling charge is adjustable in the fie ld for zone firing. The German am-
munition differs, howeve r, in that the projectile is sh ipped and loaded
into the weapon separate from the cartridge case which contains
the propelling charge and primer. As shipped, the projectiles are
fuzed. A complete round of ammunition is shown in figure 102.
62. FIRING TABLES.
a . The firing tables for use with the German IOS-mm howitzer
will be found in chapter 6. See a]so paragraph 70.
63. CLASSIFICATION.
a . The German IOS·mm howitzer ammunition IS chlssified ac-
cording to type of projectile (Granate, Gr.) as high-explosive, armOT-
piercing, o r smoke. The armor-piercing projectile contai ns a small
explosive charge and a base-detonating fuze, with a tracer element,
for use against armored vehicles and tanks. The high-explosive
shell contains a larger charge of high explosive and a point-detonating
fuze for blast effect a ga inst targets. The smoke shell contains a
chemical filler for producing a screening smoke .
64. AUTHORIZED ROUNDS.
a . The following rounds o f 10.5 c m. h owitzer ammUnitIon may
be found fo r use in the German Light Field H ow itzer 18 ( 1.F.H . 18,
leichte Feldhaubitze 18 ):
TABLE I
NOTES
Fu . . _ ., "' .... ond "';,b
., ...
141 OHAlJfORN lA
•
...
TM E9-325A
GERMAN l05.MM HOWITZER MATEIUIL
•••
•• ,
••
• ~
",• •<
•
0
0
>
~ ."••
--•
~
~ "•• •
•
•
~
•"•
0
•
~
~
B ~
~ •
•
-•
~
0
•
§
§ I
•,••
~ ",
••
•
••
--••
L
•••
-
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•
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*•
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0
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TM E9·32SA
65·66
AMMUNITION
65. PREPARATION FOR FIRING.

a. Fuzed projectiles, once removed from their packing containers
and the fuzes properly adjusted, are ready for fi ring. In preparing the
armor-piercing projectile for firing, the protective covering of the
tracer must be removed.
h. Should it be necessary to fuze or unfuze projectiles, authorized
personnel only will do this work. A spanner wrench labeled "A.Z. 23
and Zt. Z.S./ 30~ should be used, if IIvailable. Al so, the fU2e setter
for "A.Z. 23" and Zt. Z.S./30 may be used to screw and unscrew fuzes.
c. Fuzes are adjusted for the desi red action as described in pa ra-
graph 68.
d. When firing charge 5, which is considered the "standard"
charge, the propelling charge as shipped in its cartridge case is ready
for firing. For firing lower zones of fire, the cartridge case cover is
removed, and the appropriate number of increments removed, as
described in paragraph 67. For firing the special charge 6, the entire
standard charge (five sections) is removed. Charge 6 (base section
and one increment section) is then inserted in the cartridge case. The
cartridge case cover is always replaced to hold the charge sections
in place. A Rash reducer (Kartuschvorlage) of spun lead wire (8Iei.
draht) may also be included in the charge if not already present, its
normal position being immediately above the base section.
(06. PROJECTILES.
B. General. The authorized projectiles for use in the German
10S·mm L ight Field H owitzer, 18, are listed in paragraph 64. The
high-explosive shell is illustrated in figures 102 and 103.
b. Ide nlifi"alion. The following identification markings may
be found o n projectiles. These markings may vary, dependent upon
the particular lots found in the field.
(1) Ot..lV&-D~"'B COLO~. High-explosive shell are painted olive
drab.
(2) SffELL NUMBER. Th is appears on both upper and lower
sections of the high-explosive shell body. To the left of this number
is an alining mark on both sections.
(3) WEIGHT. ZONE MARKING (GEW ICffTSKLASSE). A black ro-
man numeral indicates weight-zone marking. The numeral "IU" indio
cates "standard" weight. No weight corrections in the firing tables are
necessary in firing shells which are in weight zone III.
(4) Date of assembly and manufacturer's initials or symbol.
,••
"
~ Of CALIfORNIA
UNIV[RlfTY
..
TM E9·l2SA
GilMAN 105-WllII HOWITUI MATlIllL
WE IGHT
ZON.
MARKING
•-
~,
•-
itA 1'0 51t H
FI9.'" JO)'-CC... parl'.1l 0': 'T ' U.S. 105·",,,, Iff} H. E. SII." 0."
"2" G. r.all 10S-",. H. f. S.."
'44
• J
TM E9·325A
66
AMMUNITION
(5) A number indicating type of HE. filler, for elllmple : I-in-

dicates TNT; 2-indicates picric acid. Other number desigl18tions
will be found in paragraph 75.
(6) Abbreviations denoting type of shell, for example:
Tp
,.
( Tropen)-For
.. the tropics.
Ub (Ubung)-Practict'.
Nb (Nebel)-Smoke.
e. High-explOflive Shell.
( 1) GENERAL. There 8re two types of high-explosive shell, the
field howitzer shell (Feldhaubitze Granate, F.H. Gr.) and the Field
Howitzer 38 east Steel Shell (figs. 102 and 103).
(2) The German shell is similar in appearance lind contour to the
U. S. IOS-mm H owitzer Shell, Ml (fig. 103). Differences to be noted
a re:
(a) The German shell is painted II dark olive drab with marking
in white. T he U. S. shell has been painted yellow, but is now painted
lusterless olive drab with marking in yellow.
(b) The 7-degree taper of the base of the German shell starts
immediately to the rear of the ¥••inch wide copper rotating band,
whereas in the U. S. shell the base begins to taper about 1 inch to the
rear of the rotating band.
(c) The German shell consists of two sections with an adapter
screwed into the nose of the upper section. The two sections are
screwed together and staked. The U. S. shell is made of one piece
of forged steel.
(d) The German shell has no base cover.
(e) The German shell is shipped, and loaded into the weapon,
separate from the propelling charge and primer in their cartridge
case. The U. S. shell is a component of a semifised round, the shell
being normally seated with a free fit in the cartridge case.
(3) DItSCRIPTlo",. The German point-fuzed shell weighs 32.6
JXlunds and contains 3 JXlunds of high explosive. The length of the
fuzed shell is 18 %6 inches. It is fuzed with a combination super-
quick and delay fuze (A2. 23) or with a combination time and per_
cussio n fuze (Oopp. Z.S.j60) . Besides the high-explosive charge, t he
shell contains a spotting charge of 3.7 ounces of red phosphorus. The
booster of the shell is assembled in an alwninum container which fits
snugly into the booster case. The leather washer which is part of the
booster assemb ly projects above the container, and acts as a shock
absorber against the bottom of the fuze. The adapter which holds
the booster casing in place is a steel disk, three-eighths inch thick.
Four fiats a re provided to stake the fuze in place. The average
14'
0.... " ...
UNIVtl1'im OfUUfORNlA
TM E9·325A
.. GERMAN 105.MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
diameter of the bourrelet is 4. 111 inc hes, and o f the rotating band,
4.256 inches. On some shell the base immediately below the rotating:
bond is grooved, on others it is nol.
(4) B,.\LLISTIC DATA.
TABLE II
8AUISTIC DATA FOR GE RlltAN I05·MM IIIGII·E XPI-OSIVE SHELL
Propr.llinlll Cha rlie Munl r. Vei<H:ily M..,i mum Ran,e Ga. P","o",,"(pollnd.
(~on .... ) ( f...,. ~r ~ond) (yard. ) ...,r oqu ...e ind.)
1 656 3910
2 761 5058
3 866 6288
4 104. 8311
5 (Standard) 1283 10,007 31 ,605
6 (Special) 1542 11 ,674 33,8 10
• . . • • .
(5) PACKING. The hued prOjectIle IS packed In an •Uld.v.dual
carrying case (fig. 104 ). A steel plate protects the tip of the fuze.
The projectile is removed hom the base end of the carryi ng case.
The rear end o f the projectile is held in place by a leather or steel
fastener. The handles o f the carrying case may be of canvas Of steel.
(6) PREPARATION FOR FIRING. The projectile as shipped is
fuzed, and is ready for firing once removed from its p acking container_
Its fuze need on ly be adjusted for the desired action as described
in paragraph 68.
d. Armor_pierdng Shdl _
( 1) GENERAL. The armor-piercing s hell ( Panzergran ate, pzgr.)
conta ins a base-detonating fuze (Bodenz under, Bd. Z_), an explosive
ch a rge, and a tracer ele ment in the fuze assembly. It weighs 30.8
pounds ( l4 kilograms ) . It is fired only with c harge S, which is ready
for use as shipped, or the special charge 6. If armor- piercing pro-
jectil es are not a vailab le, the high-explosive shell with impact fuze
( AZ. 23) c an be used against armored targets. Al so, the high-
explosive shell with the time fuze set at "zero" may be used for the
same purpose_
(2) BAL.LlSTIC DATA. Th e muzzle velocity of this s hell with
charge 5 ;s 1,295 feet per second. The armor-pi ercing s hell is nor-
mally used fo r ranges up to 1,500 meters or 1,640 yards.
(3) PREPARATION FOR FIR ING.
( a) Remove shell from its packing container.
(b) Remo ve the protective cove ring of the tracer element.
('. Smok(' S hell. No information is a vailable at present n n the
smoke shell ( Nebe lgranate, Nbgr.) , e xcept that it is fuzed with a
special combination superquick and delay fuze, Kl. A. Z. 23 N b.
'" 0..,
UNIV,~\lTY
II"""
Of (AllfORN IA
AMMUNITION
..
TM n-3251.
--
"
~
f
:
.-
•
i
"
l'
••
.:
~'!.
!.
••
-~
•
,.7
TM E9·325A
67
GERMAN lOS-MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
67. PROPELLING CHARGES.

a. Gen eral. The German IOS-mm howitzer propelling charges
are contained in a brass or steel cartridge case (fig. 106), the fonner
csse being in one piece, and the latter being either a one-piece or two-
piece assembly. The charge is divided into five sections to provide for
zone firing (fig. 105 ) . To fire the special charge 6 , the entire five-
section charge is removed and rep laced by the special increment 6
and its special base section. The sections are held in place over the
primer by a cartridge case cover which must be removed, by means
of its cloth ha nd le, to remove any sections of the charge. This cover
is replaced after adjustment of the charge is made. A label attached
to the top' of the ca rtridge csse cover identifies the propelling charge
as to contents and UlIe.
h. Id e ntification.
(1) The cartridge case model number ( H ulsenbezeichnunll:)
stamped on the base of the cartridge case, serves to identify the
charge for the 105-mm field howitzer. The brass case number is
634 2. The steel case, which is coated or washed with a brass platina;,
is marked 634 2/ 8t, ~ St" (stahl) indicatin a; steel, or 6342 / 65 for the
two-piece type steel case. Other typical markings on the base of the
cartridge case are shown in fia;ure 107.
... 1'0 '"'I
FI".,.. 105 C••po.elh.' Cartrld"e Ca.e aid 'ropellll"

C'ar"e for Ger.al 10S-... Howlher
'41
( Or>,,, fL",
TM E9·125A
67
AMMUNITION
.... "ln76
F',.,. 106 bdlou' Type 0' Cartridge Ca •• 'or
,.,
Ger ••• 105·• • Howlb.,
•
UNIV(RIITY Of (AlltORNtA
TM E9·]25A
67
GERMAN 105-MM HOWITZER MATIIIEL
" "'''''''''' NUMBER
DESI GN
'" 'Iii CASE.NUMBER
.... PD 6120)
FI,.,.. J07_Typlcal Marti",. 0" 'Clle of Germellr 105-••

Cartridge Co••
(2 ) The label on the dosing cover of the brass case is marked as

follows:
TABLE III
BRA.SS CARTRIDGE CASE LABEL
German M..rk'I:I, Ea ••• olI Eqa.lyalenl
I .F.H. 18 __________ ., ___ ____ _____ ,____ ____ _____ _.Light field howitzer, 18
Ngi. BI. P . 12.5 ( 40 l[ 40 x 0.2) ,..... ,.Nitroglycerin powder, number
(grain site) base charge
Dbg. 37/ 8 ...... .... .... .... ... .Manufacturer, date, d e livery number
Digl. BI. P. 10.5 (3 x 3 x O.8) ... ...... ".Diglycol powder, number (grain
sir e) increment charge
Ha. 12.37H ............... " .... .. ..... . ,Manufacturer, date, work mark
(3) The label on the closing cover of the steel case i.!I marked as
follows:
TABLE IV
STEEL CARTRIDGE CASE LABEL
c..rmon Muklnll En.li.h Equlv.lenl
N gL BI. P. ( 50. O. 2)-Nitroglycerin powder (grain si.te) base charge
Rdf 36/ 44 ......... .. .. .. .. ... Manufacturer. date. delivery number
Ngi. BI. P . (4. 4. l ) .. ... ....... .. ....... .N itroglyce rin powder (grain sue)
increment charge
Klie t.t 36/ 7 .. ,. .. . ... .. .Manufacturer. date. delivery number
Ce 3 .37D .. .... " .. " ..... ....... ,... , Manufactu~r. date. work mark
15.
Or > If.
UNIVE~ \lTY Of CAlifORN IA
TM n-325A
67
AMMUNITION
(4) Each section of the p~opelling c harge is numbered 1, 2, 3,

4, or S. The special charge 6 consists of a special base section and
a special increment section ( fig. l OS) . Typical marking on each
section is indicated in table V. Specific markings for all sections liTe
summarized below in table VI.
TABLE V
TYPICAL MARKINGS ON CHA RGE SECTIONS
,. .
German Mark;n,
6Sg. Digl. BL P. 10.5 (3, 3, 0.8)

Enallah Equi ... lf:nl
" ..... . " .. ... . .... . ,Charge number 2
. .. , 65 grams, digiyco\ powder,
number (grain size)
Dbg. 37/ 3 _ Manufacture r, date, delivery number
Ha. 12.37H Manufacturer, date , wo rk mark
TABLE VI
SPECIFI C MARKIN(; DATA ON CIIARGE SECTIONS
. A. In Bra.. C...1rid.e C..., (No. 6342) (Sland ...d)
Weighl in Gum.· (marked on ea., h ...,.,1100)

K lnd ..r Powde r
(marked on each oection)
f ....
~I 2
l4n_hI
( ; h .....
3
s-, .....
N .. mbo.
4
h •• )
5
Special Zon., Ii
I Sa..., Sectionl Special Sec llon

N~. Man . N.P. (1.5, 1.5) 201-::: ~- - -
[)I.I. BI . P.-IO.5-(3, 3, 0.8) U5 63 70120 190
- 221 -
I.BI.P.-10.5-(4,4, 1.2) - -. -
'"
Kind of Po ... der t :h .... !<o.<"~n
(lD.rard on .,a"h ~ tion ) f .....k.!'!..G'::':.:;,h .....) Spoed.1 7..00'" Ii
;;;::;-;;;-;;--;:-;--;;;:-::-IC.c:I...:..1 3 l .tf$
NI.I. SI. P .-12 .5-(..o,..o, I
0.2)
NItlI. Bl. P._12.5-(4. ·t, I )
1180 -
.')5 bO 115 185
I I -r I 8. "", Section l Speocial Sec tion
-
200
-
_
Nitli. BI. P .-I2.5-(IO, 10,
1.5) - - '"
"-~ .. m ( XI ') w";lh " may . _ a , 1ft ..... ' • •n l ""
.h ... , . 180 XI . .... y bo .,.<>rilod ... tho bol In 1\0 .. 01 ,so I .
<."..d .. bo .. In plK. 0( I ""'" l ll ,
c. Deecriplion. Sections a re arranged in numerical sequence in

the cartridge case. T o fi re charge 5, which is the "standard~ charge,
no adjustment of the charge is necessary. To fire charge 4, the sec-
tion numbered 5 is removed; the remaining sections, sections 1, 2,
3, and 4, are left in numerical sequence so that nu mera l "4" appears
uppermost. The same procedure applies to adju sting the charge for
151
Or., .1< __
TM n·325A
67-61
GER ..... N 105.MM HOWITZII MATlIIIL
firinll: chafl[e5 1,2, o r 3. To fire the speeial charge 6 , the entire five-
section charge is removed and replaced in the cartridge case by tbe
special charll! 6, which colUists of a special base section and a
special increment section. The cartridge case cover, which is removed
when adjusting the charge, is replaced after adjustment is made. Since
the propellent powders used BTe not Rashle ss, a flash reducer (Kar.
tu&chvorlage) of spun lead wire (Bleidraht) i, normally attached to
the top of the base section. This flash reducer varies the performance
of the iun. The propellent powders are of the diglycol nitrate type
(Digl. or Dgl.) or the nitroglycerin type (Nigl. or Ng!.). For muzzle
velocities and pressures developed with charges 1 through 6, inclusive,
see table II, paragraph 66.
d. Packing. Cartridge cases are packed in a wooden boll: (fig.
108). Steel projections on the base of the box hold the closing
cover of the cartridge cue in place. The dimensions of the box are,
approximately, 191/. by 8 x 11 inches.
e. Preparation.
(I) The cartrid ge case, as shipped, is ready for firing the charge
S which i. the "standard" charge.
(2) For lower zone!il of fire, the charge i, prepared for firing
as follows :
(II) Remove the cartridie case cover by means of the canvas
lifting handle. If the cover cannot be removed easily, it should be
pressed into the case at the circumference opposite the lifting handle.
This will slightly loosen the cover.
(b) Remove the sections until the uppermost section indicate!il
the de!ilired charge number.
(c) R epla ce the cartridge case cover, pressing it firmly against
the charge.
(3) For firing special c harge 6, remove the cover as dUCiibed
above, replace the entire c harge with the special section 6 with its
special base section (par. 67, table VI), and replace the cartridge
case cover.
(4) To assemble the flash reducer, the cartridge cover i. removed
III described above , the appropriate flash reducer-the 25-e;ram spun
lead wire for all zones and NigL P. charges, the 1000ram .pun lead
wire for all zones and Oigl. P. charge_is placed in the charge to be
used, and the cartridge case cover replaced.
NOTE : The flash reducer varies the perfonnana of the weapon.
68. FUZES.
a. General. The hues used with the Gennan IOS-mm howiuer
HE. shell consist of a combination .uperquick and delay fuze .imilar
to the U. S. fuze, P. D .• M48, and a combination time and point-
152
0.., II"""
..
TM Et·325A
AMMUNITION
detonating fuze. It appears that these German fuzes are not boresafe
fuzes.
CAUTION: Fuzes will not be disassembled. Any attempt to dilJ-
assemble luzes in the field is danAerous and is prohibited e xcept
under specific directions from the Chief of Ordnance.
b. German Fuze, A.Z. 23.

( 1) D£SCIUPTION. This fuze ( figs. 102, 103) contains two ac-
tions, s uperquick (ohne versagering, c.v.) and delay (mit versagering,
m.v.). Although both actions are initiated on impact, the funct ioning
of the shell depends upon the setting of the selector of the fuze. Un-
like the U. S. Fuze, P. D ., M48, it should be noted that there is only
one firing pin (fig. 109 ). Should this firing pin fail in the German
fuze, the projectile will become a dud. However, it appears that
the firing pin assembly is mo re sensitive to impact than the U. S.
Fuze, P . D ., M48. Also, un like the M48 Fuze, the Germa n fuze is
not a boreSllfe fuze. As shipped, the fuze is set fo r superquick action,
that is, the slot in the setting sleeve of the selector is parallel to the
axis of the fuze and is thus a lined with the registration line marked
''0.'' To set the fuze for delay action, the slotted setting sleeve is
turned 90 degrees so that the slot is alined with the line marked
~ M" on one side of the setting sleeve, and with ~v 0.25" on the other
side. The delay action is provided by a delay pelle t of 0.25·second
delay. The setting may be c hanged at will with a screwdriver or
with ~setti ng key AZ. 23" (Stellschussel Fur AZ. 23) at any t ime
before firing. This can be done even in the dark by noting the
positio n of the slot-parallel to the fuze ac tion for superquick ( ~O")
action, or at right angles thereto for delay action (~M" and "V" 0.25).
(2) PREPARATION FOR FUUNG. As shipped, the fuze is ready
for firing with superquick action. T o set the fuze fo r delay action,
the setting sleeve is turned with the setting key or screwdriver, as
described above, through 90 dea;rees, so that the slot on the setting
sleeve is alined with the letters ~ M" and ~V 0.25." Fuzes which have
not been fired should be r~t to superquick. The slot will then be
in line with "0."
c. GO'!rtnan FU7a. Dopp. Z.S./60s and Dopp. Z.S./60FI.

(1) DESCRIPTION. Th~ are combination time and impact fuzes
similar in action to the U. S. Fuze, P. D " M54. The Dopp. Z.S. / 60s
is used with the field howitzer shell and the Dopp. Z.S. / 60FI. is used
with the Field H owitzer Shell 38 Cast Steel. As shipped, th~ fuzes
are ready for firing as impact fuzes. For use as time fuzes, they must
be set at the setting values indicated in firing tables by means of the
fuze setter provided. These values apply to the remaining distance of
flight, in meters, starting fro m the muzzle. The zero setting of the
'" Dr, ,I<.

UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORNIA
•
TM E9-325A
61
/ ,
,
,
!
I
u. "' Ill "
",.... rOB 'aele"t, lox for G.rlllGII l05·mllt Cartrld,. Co...

'54
( Or'9' .• Ifrorn
TM E9·325A
68-70
AMMUNITION
fuze is "recess over recess~; all the fuze setter, indicator (arrow) 9t
:tero. The fuze setter is set at the fuze setting found in the firing table,
and the fuze is set as described in paragraph 58. A time·safety feature
in these fUZ6 prevents time action below 1 second time of flight,
but they can operate upon impact before that time.
(2) PREPARATION FOR FIRING. The Dopp. Z.S.j60 fuzes are
ready for firing as impact (uzes. For time oction they 8re prepared
for firing as described in step (1), above. Fuz~ which have been
set on projectiles prepared for firing but not fired, must be reset at
zero. This resetting is accomplished in the same manner as described
ohove but with the fuze setter indeI at zero.
69. PRIMERS.
a. A primer (figL lOS and 107) is screwed into the cartridge case
at time of manufacture. This primer, marked "C/ 12nA~, is of the
same type and contour as the British 40-mm primer and is inter-
changeable with it. All metal parts of the primer are brass. The
percussion element is screwed into the body of the primer. A wrench
supplied with equipment for the weapon is for the assembly of
primers to, o r the disassembly of prime rs from, the cartridge case.
The presence of this wrench indicates the possibility of frequent
misfires.
70. INTERCHANGEAHlLlTY OF AMMUNITION ITEMS.

a. Vee of U. S. Ammunition ComponenlB.
(I) The following information is based on preliminary firing
tests and should be used only in cases o f e me rgency where the tac-
tical situation demands such practices. All sale ry m ea.sure.s must be
observed when interchanl1inl1 and mixinl1 ammunition components. ,
(2) The American 105-mm Shell. H . E., Ml , has been fired from
the German 10S-mm howitzer. using the Ameri can 105-mm Howitzer
M2, M2Al , and M4 charges for .tones I through 5, inclusive. F iring
table 105-H-3 is approximately correct fo r s uch firing.
(3) A charge prepared by remov ing section 4 from charge 7 of
the American 105-mm howitzer charge produces appro ximately the
lame result as the German special charge 6.
( 4) The charges described in steps (2) and (3). above, must be
placed in the German 10S-mm Cartridge Case. 6342. The American
cartridge case cannot be used in the German howitzer.
(5) The German howitzer should no t normally be fired with
charges above charge 5 of the American charge because the German
we apon was not designed to withstand the recoil produced by
charges 6 and 7.
h . Primei'll. The British No. 18 primer is interchangeable with
155
"
~ Of CALIfORNIA
UNIV[RlfTY
..
J:
~:
o.
W
N
SET SELECTOR ~
FLAT SPIRAL SPRINC RETAINING

THE ARMINe PELLET "
~
~
I:
~
r;
-
FIR ING PIN ·UPPER
FROM
I..t
;EI
M'DER. CUP E
-
=
CLOSING
-- OETON...TOR
li
o
z ;
""
"i WOOOEN I:
~
;
~
FLASH HOlE FOR S.Q. ACTION

THREADED HOLE FOR DELAY rowD ItA ' D 53111
-
~
~
~
",.,. J09 GerM.1t A . Z. 23 F••• -S.d'.It.' V"lltw

TM E9-325A
70-72
AMMUNITION
the German primer C/ 12nA. In addition, other calibers of Gennan

ammunition have the German C / 12nA primer as II component of the
cartridge case.
71. TROPICAL AMMUNITION.

.. Ammunition fo r use in the tropics is marked in red lettering,
as follows: "Po T .+ 25 · C." This marking is indicated on sections
of variable propelling charges, on the bottom of cartridge cases, and
on the label of the cartridge case closing cover. Shell for use in
tropics may be marked "Tp."
b. Containers for tropical ammunition have the following labels
printed in red on white:
Fur Tropen
Normale Pulvertemperature
+ 25 · C.
e. Tropical ammunition has reduced weight of propellent and
gives normal range table performance at + 25 ' C (77 ' F). Where
tropical ammunition hu not been issued or manufactured, special
range tables liTe provided for use in the tropics with standard am-
munition. The temperature taken as normal for standard ammunition
is 10· C (50· F) .
72. PRECAUTIONS IN HANDUNG CAPTURED AMM UNI.

TION.
a. All captured ammunition should be examined by qualified
personnel as soon as practicable. Loose ammunition may be dan·
gerous, and is rarely worth the trouble of collection.
b. Ammunition may be dangerous because of:
(1) Deliberate "booby traps~ laid by the e nemy.
(2) Having been subjected to fire or she lling.
(3) Removal of safety devices from fuzes, etc. (either deliberate
or accidental).
(4) EJi:posure rendering explosive elements unreliable.
e. Ammunition known or suspected of being dangerous will not
be moved or touched, but destroyed in accordance with TM 9-1900.
d. Destroyed ammunition should be salvaged for brass parts. In
addition, .11 enemy airtight containers should be returned to the base.
This also applies to timber and wooden boxes suitable for use as
dunnage, or for remaking ammunition boxes.
e. Ammunition should be recovered by complete rounds, for ex·
ample; unhued shells are useless without the appropriate fuzes.
f. Personnel handling captured ammunition should keep in mind
the fact that although the two types of ammunition appear to have
157
, 0.... ","
TM E9·325A
72·75
GERMAN 105·"014 HOWITZER MATERIEL
identical measurements, they are not necessarily interchangeable.

Experiments to ascertain interclulngeability aTe forbidden except by
special authority.
8. No unauthorized modifications or eltperimentlltion will be car·
ried out on any ammunition.
73. CAKE, HANDUNG, AND PRESERVATION.
•. In addition to the precautions and care in handling ammu-
nition given in TM 9·325, the following apply particularly to Ger-
man IImmunition used in the German I05-mm howiuer:
(I) In firing the armor-piercing shell, remove the protective
covering of the tracer before loading into the gun.
(2) The fuze, A.Z. 23v (0.25) is particularly sensitive, hence, it
is important that the path of flight before the muzzle be free of all
obstacles including small branches and leaves. Otherwise, premature
burst may occur.
(3) Components o f ammunition prepared for firing but not fired
will be returned to their original condition and packing.
(4) Projectiles with impact fuzes (A2. fuzes) whose top o r
forward closing disk has been so damaged that the firing pin is
pressed down or has fallen out, will not be fired. They are, however,
safe to transport.
(5) Projectiles with time and percussion fwes (Dopp. Z. fuzes)
may not be fired when the rotatable closing cap of the fuze is bent,
dented, damaged, or cannot be turned by the fwe setter. However,
they are safe to transport.
(6) Projectiles and fuzes which have fallen and have not been
damaged may be fired.
(7) After each round is fired, at night or in the daytime, it is
necessary to examine the bore of the weapon to determine whether
any pieces of bag or other foreign matter remains in the bore. All par-
ticles or obstructions should be removed to prevent jamming of the
weapon upon firing the next round.
74. FIELD REPORT OF ACCIDENTS.
a. Any malfunctions of ammunition must be promptly reported
to the Ordnance officer under whose supervision the materiel il main-
tained or issued (AR 750-10).
75. GERMAN ABBREVIATIONS AND GLOSSARY OF AM-
MUNITION ITEMS.
•• General. The follow;n& abbreviations, symbols, and terms
may be found on labels or in communications and literature pertain-
ing to the ammunition items described herein. Certain general terms
are also included.
'" Dn9,
UNIV,~\lTY
II"""
Of (AllfORNIA
Tlot E9.325A
75
AMMUNITION
b. Abhrevialiom.
TABLE VII
CERMAN AMMUNITION ABDREVIATIONS
A.z . ........ ....... " ... ,Aufschlagzunder ..... . " .. .. .. Percussion fuze
A'z. m . V. _.. __ .... Aufschlagziinder mit
versOgerung ,.. .. ........ ... P ercussion fuze with
delay action
Bd. z. ...... "......... ,.Bodern:under ......... ..... ....... Base percussion fuze
BI. ...... ..... ... ... " .. . Blindganger "_ .. " ... .. .... .... , Dud
BI. P . ___.__ ......... BIiittchenpulver . __ ______ _ Fla ked gunpowder
Bz. . ...... " ... " .... ,.... , Brennziinder . .. , ,... ,.... ,.... ,.. Time fuze (powder train
type)
Digl. o r Dgl........ ... Diglycol .... " ... .... .. ,....... Diglyool
Dopp. Z. or D. Z. __Doppelziinder ." ... ,...... .... Combination fuze
Ex. Mun. ,...... .. .. .. Exerri ermunitio n ________ ._ Dummy IImm unit ion:
blllnk IImmunition
f ,'- __ . __.. __ ., ... . ,.... ,.Fiir ..... ,..... ___ __ .... ,.... ,For
F.H. ............. .. ,..... Feldhllubitze ,... '- ....... ,Field howi tzer
Fib. ,___ .. ,... F liigbllhn .. ..... ...... ... .. .... ... Trajectory
Fp .. ........ " ... ......... Fiillpulve r . . . .. ,.. High explosive
Oesch ............... ,.. __ Geschoss .... . , ... .... ....... ,Projectile; shell
GGr. ___ ,___ _,. _", ... ... Gasgranate ,__ .. ,.... ,.. ,....... .. ,Ga$ shell
Gr . . , ,... ,.... . ,... ,.... ,.. Granate .. ,' ,.. . , ,... , ,. __ ,__ ., ,... , .shell
Grl . .... _... __ ..... _._ .... Granatfiilling .... , .......... .. .. B urst ing charge of shell
Gr. m . P ... .. ........ " .. Granate mit P anzerkopL"Armor-piercing shell
Gr. Z. o r G2 ...... " .Granatziinder ....... " ... " .. " .. Shell fuze
H " ... " ........ .. ... ____ H e xagen _____ .... .. .. " ... " ... Cyc1onite, R.D.X .
Hiilzenkart ....... . H ii lzenkartusche .. ,... ,. CartridgecBSe (separate
loading)
H2 . .. ................. _,H aubitzziinde r ...... ,.. ,H owitzer shell fu~e
KI. .'._. ___,__ _.. _.. . ,..... Klei n __ ., ,._... ,....... ,. ,... , ....... Small
Kp . .......... .. ... ......... Krupp .... , ......... , ______ , ___ , ,Krupp
IU. ,.... " ... ,.. _.. ___ .. ,.. K opfziinder ,... ,.... " ... " .. " .. Point-detonati(lg fuze
LF.H ........... _........... Leichte Feldhaubitze ,.... __ Light field howitzer
Ldg. or L. .. ..... ... .... Ladung .. ... .. ... ... .. ..... . " ." . Charge; propelling
charge; load
Ig. F . H . Gr ........... Unge Fe ldhaubitzgra nate Long field howitzer shell
Lggr. __ ._ .. _.... .. Langgranate .......... .. ... .. ... .-Long shell
Ill. ...... .. .. .. .... ....... . . M it ... .... .. ........... _._ .... __ .. ,With
Mun . .. ,.... ,... , ,._._... Munition .. ,.. ... ,.... ,.... ,.. .. , ,. Ammunition
m.v . ... " ... " ... .. .... ... M it versOgerung .. ...... " ...... With delay (fuze!l)
Nb . ...................... . Nebel .. .. ... .. ................ __ '-_Smoke
Nbgr . .. ,_... ,._ ...... .... Nebelgranate .,... " ........ . ,... Smoke shell
Ngi. or Nigl. ., ... ,.... Nitroglyzerin __ .... _.' ' ....... _, ,Nitroglycerin
Np. ......... .. . ... Nitropenta ........ .. ............ ,P .E.T .N.; penthrite
Nt . ..... .... ..... .. .. .. .. Nummer '- ___ .. _... ............. .Number
1St
". ~ ~"
UN IV[RlfTY Of CALIfORNIA
TM E'-325A
75
GERMAN 105·M" HOWITZER MATERIEL
TABLE VII
GERMAN AMMUN IT ION ABBREVIATIONS (Con ld.)
o. ,... .... _____ . Obne ,.. " ... .. ... ..... .. ... ... .. ... .. ,Without
c.v. ....... .. ........ .. .... Ohne vers6gerung .. .. ... ...... Without delay (super-
quick)
P.K. '" Pulverkasten .... .. _.. , . Ammunition box
P. S. Gr._. _..... _. ,.. Pllnzerstahlgranate __ __ __Steel a rmor-piercing
shell
P. T. _, ___ .... " ... .. , PulvenemperatuTe , .Ammun ition tempera .
,~
pzgr. or Pz. G r . ... Panzergrana te , __ . . ___ " ' ____ ,Arrnor_piercing shell
Pz. Spr. Gr. ___ ___ .Panzersprenggranate .... High-explosive arm o r -
piercing shell
Sch. Tf. " ,. __ __ SChlusstarel _________ . __ _ _Firing table
Seh. Z. Sehr. Schlagzundschraube ,Threaded base percus-
sion fuze
Sonderkart . Sonderkartusche ." ... " " .. Special c harge
Sprgr. or Spr. Gr. Sprenggranate ... . " .. ",." ... ,High-ellplosive shell
St. . "..... . .... . .. Stahl ...... , .. " ... " ... " ... ",.Steel
Tp. " ,... ,... T ropen .,.... ,.... ,.... ..... ,.... .. ..Tropics
Ub . . " ,.,. ,.... . . , ... Ubung .. , ... ' Practice
Ubgr. orUb. Gr. ,.. Ubungsgranate .... ,.. .. " ... , Practice she ll
v. " .. ,', . . " .. ,., ... " .. " Vers(igerung ., ..... " ...... ,Delay (hues)
z. .,.... ,... ,..... Zunder . . ....•... ,... . , .... .. Fuze
Zdschr. Zundschraube " .. ,..... , ... , Threaded percussion
primer
Zt. Z. o r ZZ. Zeitzunder . .... .. ... , .. ,... , Time fuze
c. C loua..,..
TABLE VIII
GERMA N AMM UNI T ION TERMS
Bleidraht " ,.. " .,. " ... ,' Lead wire Haubi tzziinder
Brisanz .. " ... ,........ ,.. H igh ( H . Z. ) ." ... ,.... ,... , Howitzer
ellplosive shell fUle
Brisanzgeschoss .. " .. High- Haupt ladung ." ... ,... Propellant
ellplosive (lit: main
shell cha rge)
Briunzmu nit ion . , H igh_ H olzkasten .. Wooden
explosive 00.
ammuni- H ii lse .. " .... . ... ... Cartridge
tio n ,,~
Gewichtsklasse Weight class Hiilsenbeteichnung Cartridge

(shell) case des-
H aube Ballistic ignation
"P ( number )
H aubiUe , Howitzer
,..
I Q,i.v, . 1""'"
UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAl.IfORNIA
TM E9·325A
75
AMMUNITION
TABLE VIII
GERMAN AMMUNITION ARBREVIATIOrrr.'S (Conld.)
Kartusche .. ,..... ,..... .. Cartridge Rauchloses Pulver , _Smokeless
'"~ powder
KartuschhUlse .... .... ..Cartridge R a uch-schwaches
,~ Pulver .. ..... ..... .... Smokeless
Kartuschkorb ...... , . , Ammuni- powder
tion Rohrsicherer Zunder Bore-safe
basket fuze
Kartuschmunition . Semifixed Stellschlussel ....... Setting key
ammuni- (fuzes);
tion hand fuze
Kartuschvorhage .. " Cartridge setter; ad-
case wad; justing
flash re- wrench
ducer Vorlage . ..... _.. ..... Flash hider
Kennbuchstabe __ ___ , Identi fica- ZUnderstellung Fuze setting
tion mark Zunderschlussel , ....Hand fuze
LieferunKsnummer . Delivery setter
number ZundersteUmaschine Fuze setter
Nehelgeschoss .. _. '" Smokeshell ZundersteUschlussel Hand fuze
Pulver .. .. .. ... ... ..... .....Powder setter
Pulverladung .. .... .. ... Powder
charge
d. German Explo8ivee Abbreviations.

TABLE IX
GERMAN EXPLOSIVES ABBREVIATIONS
A.bbr-e~I.llon EnllJi oh Eqll;vale ...
Fp 02 FuUpulver 02 TNT
Fp 5 Fullpulver 5 TNT with 5 0/0 mo ntan wax
Fp 10 Fullpulver 10 TNT with 100/0 monta n wax
Fp 40/ 60 Fullpulver 40/ 60 40-60 amato l, poured
Grf 88 Granatfulling 88 Picric acid
H Hexagen Cyclonite; R.O.X.
HS Hexagen 5 Cyclonite with 5 0/0 mo ntan wax
Np Nitropenta P.E.T.N .; penthrite
Np 10 Nitropenta 10 P.E.T.N. with 100/0 montan wax
Np 40 Nitropenta 40 P.E.T.N. with 40 0/0 montan wax
Np 65 Nitropenta 65 P .E .T.N. with 65 0/0 montan wax
,&1
L Or W' .1 ""'"
TM Et·325A
75
GERMAN IOS·MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
e. Index NumberB on German Shell Indicating Type of H. E.

Filler.
TABLE X
NUMBERS ON GERMAN SIiElllNDICATINC n'PE OF II. E. FILLER
NII_ber 0 ..
Shell Type of FilleT
I Fp 02 (TNT) in paper or cardboard container

2 Grf 88 (picric acid) in paper or cardboard container
10 Fp 02 +Fp 5+ Fp 10 ( TNT fillers) in pllper or card-
- bciard container
13 Fp 40 / 60 ( 40-60 amatol, poured)
14 Fp 02 ( TNT), poured
32 Np 10 ( P .E.T.N. filler) in paraffin-waxed paper wrapping
36/ 38 Np 40 + Np 60 (P.E.T.N. fillers) in paraffin-w8][ed
paper wrapping
91 H 5 (Cyclonite; RD.X.) in paraffin-waxed paper wrllP-
P''''
In
Onq, ol",,",
TM E9·325A
76
CHAnEl 5
ACCESSORIES
76. ACCESSORIES.
B. Accessories include the tools and equipment required for such
disassembling and assembling as the using arms is authorized to per.
form, and for cleaning and preserving the (German) IOS·mm howitzer
and carriage. Accessories should not be used for purposes other than
those prescribed, and when not in use should be properly stored.
(1) AIR TESTINO AND REFILLING ApPARATUS (F, fig. 111 ). This
apparatus is used when testing and / or refilling the equilibrator with
compressed air. It consisu of an adapter, a flexible hose connection,
two pressure gages, lind two plugs contained in a metal chest which
hes a wood insert cut to receive these items. Spare washers and gaskets
are also contained in this chest. A high pressure compressed air cylinder
is the source of supply of the compressed air. The adapter is T -shaped
with three female threaded openings at one end, and a male threaded
connector at the other end. The flexible hO!le connection is 7 feet long
with connectors at both ends which are protected by caps. Both
pressure gages are identical and are interchangeable. The>, are grad -
uated from 0 to 160 kilograms per square centimeter (2,275 pounds
per square inch), in 5· kilogram units (71 pounds). The plugs fit the
openings of the adapter. The compressed air cylinder has a capacity
of 5.2 liters (0.24 cubic feet), and has a cap which protects the hand
valve. When testing the air pressure of the system, assemble the
adapter with two plugs and one gage, and screw into the equilibrator.
The reading on the gage gives the pressure of the system. When re-
filling the system, assemble the adapter with one plug, one gage and
lICrew into the equilibrator. Connect one end of the flexible hose con·
nection to the adapter, and the other to the compressed air cylinder.
Tum the hand valve so that air flows into the system, and discon-
nect after the proper gage reading is reached.
(2) BoRE BRUSH ( A, C, D, fig. 110). The bore brush is used for
cleaning the bore of the howitzer. The aiming posts supplied with the
howitzer are used as a handle for the bore brush. The bristles of the
brush are made from a vegetable fiber. A cover is furnished for the
bore brushes.
(3) BRUCH "-ND CRAOLIt CoVER (C, fig. 112). The breech and
cradle cover is made of artificial leather. It is held in place by straps
passing under the cradle and held snugly around the breech ring.
(4) ENOINItER'S WRENCH (c, fig. 111). This i. a standard open.
end wrench with 27-mm and 32-mm openings. The 27·mm end is
"ud on the wheel rim bolts and the howitzer locking bracket bolts.
The 32·mm end is used on the compressed air cylinder.
,
'" 0.... 01",,",
TM E9·125A
76
fiElMAN 105-NM HOWITZII MATERIEL
•-
•
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)0'0 ..,.1 In-
U~II'f.RSm' Of (,\,lIF~IA
TM E9.3254
76
ACCISSOIIU
:
a
1
--
•
...
TIo! 19·325.
76
GilMAN 10S-.... HOWITZII .. ArUIEL
•
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'" "'9m.lffc
ijNIVERIITY Of O.LlfORNlA
Thl E9·32SA
76
ACCESSOIIES
(5) FuZE WRENCH (D, fill:' 111 ). This wrench is 8 circular single
pin spanner wrench used for the A.Z. 23 F uze.
(6) GREASE AND 011.. CoNTAINERS (A, B , fig. 111 ). These con-
tainers are metal ooses used for storing the grease and oil necessary
for the lubrica tio n of the howitzer and carriage.
(7) LUBRICATING GON AND H OSE (E, fig. 111 ). Thil is. screw-
handl e-type grease gun wit h a flexible metal covered hose. T he hose
has a button.head fitting used for greasing the howitzer and carriage.
(8) MUZZLE CoVER ( A, fig. 112). The muzzle cover is made of
leathe r and has a red reflector. It fits snugly ove~ the muzzle and is
held in plare by a strap which sttllches to the recuperator suppon.
(9) RAMMER (E, fig. 110 ). The rammer is used for ramming
in the powder charge and projectile. It is 38 inches long and has two
wooden heads. Both heads are circular in s hape, the laTie r one having
an indentation at the end, while the smaller one is flat.
(10) S HELL REMOVltR (B, fig. 110). The she ll remover consists
of a piece of hardwood recessed to fit the shell conto ur. T wo meta l
ferrules prevent the wood from splitting. N o handle was provided fo r
this shell remover.
(11) SIGHT CoVER (8, fig. 11 2). The sight cover is made prin-
cipally of canvas. A leather section is provided at the top where it
contacts the panoramic telescope: It is held in place by straps.
167
( { l~ Or.. . ""'"
TM E9-325A
77
GERMAN lO$.MM HOWlnER MATERIEL
CHAPTER'
FIRING TABLES
77. FIRING TABLES.
a. The following are the firing tables for the IOS-mm (German)
light field howitzer. They are divided into two parts; the first con-
tains data for the Field Howitzer Shell (F.H. Gr.), Field Howitzer
Shell, Cast Steel (F.R. Gr. 38 5t&.), and Field Howitzer Projectile
(10 em. PZgT.); and the second contains data for Field Howitzer
Shell, Smoke (F.M. Gr. Nb.).
... Onq, ol",,",

TM E9·325A
LIGHT FIELD HOWITZER, 105-MM (GERMAN)

fiRING
fiELD HOWITZER SHELL IF.H. Gr. )
fiELD HOWITZER SHELL, CAST STEEL (F.H. Gr. 38 5tg.)
AND
fiELD HOWITZER PROJECTILE (10 em Pl.;,.) (He Ch •••• S)
,..
-
~ Of CALIfORNIA
UNIV[RlfTY
TM E9-32SA
Sh.lla, F.H. Gr. arid F.H. Gr. 3' 5t".

Fuz.a, A.Z.23v{O.2S), Dopp. I . 5/ 60. ., and Dopp. Z. 5 / 60 Fl •.
Muzzl. Velocity, 6S6 f / a - Char". 1
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Qoi.v, . 1""'"
TM E9-325A
Shells, F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 St;.

FUJ:81, A.1.23v(O.25), Dopp. 1. S/ 6Os., and Dopp. 1. 5/ 60 Fl • .
Muule Velocity, 656 f / l - Charge 1
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CHAIlGE 1
'"
Q,i.v, . 1""'"
UNIVElI I!T'I' Of CAI.IfORN IA
TM E9-325A
She lls, F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 St;.

Fv:r.ts, A .Z.23v(O.25), Dapp. Z. 5 / 605., and Dopp. Z. 5/ 60 FI .....
Muul, Ve locity, 656 fl s - Charge 1
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CHARGE 1
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"'
Q,i.v, . 1""'"
UNIVElI I!T'I' Of {AlIfORNIA
TM E9-325A.
Sh. UI, F.H. Gr. ond f .H. Gr. 38 Stg.

Fuz••, A.I.23v{O.25), Dopp. Z. S/ 60s., ond Dopp. Z. 5/ 60 fl •.
Munl. V.locity, 656 fl. - Cho rg. 1
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CHARGE 1
,n
0.'9' ~11n>m
TM E9-325A
Shelll, f .H. Gr. and f .H. Gr. 38 5'11.

funs, A.I.23v(0.25 ), Oopp. I . 5/ 60 •. , and Oopp. I. 5/ 60 fl*.
Munle Velocity, 761 f/ l - Charlie 2
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0,.
Dn9, II"""
UNIV, ~ \lTY Of (AllfORN IA
TM E9-325A
Sh.lls, F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 31 Sf,.

fu:r:.s, A.Z.23v(O.25), Dopp. Z. S/ 60s., ond Dopp. Z. SI 60 FI*.
MuuJ. V.locity, 761 f / s-Char,. 2
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CHARGE 2
'"
0.'9' ~'In>m
TM (9-325A
She lls, F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 Stll.

Fuzes, A.Z.23v(0 .2S), Dopp. Z. 5/ 601. , and Do pp. Z. 5/ 60 Fl • .
Muzzle Velocity, 761 f / l - Chorlle 2
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UNIVERIfTY Of (M IHlRNIA
TM E9-32SA
Shell l , F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 Stg.

Fun l , A.Z.23 v(O.2SJ, Do pp. Z. 5/ 6011., and Dopp. Z. 5/ 60 fl *.
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UN IV[RIITY Of CALIfORNIA
TM E9-325A
Sh.lIl, F.H . Gr . and F.H . Gr. 38 Stili.

F.....' , A.Z.23v(0.2S), Dopp. Z. 5/ 601 ., and Dopp. Z. 5/ 60 FI*.
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II.
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TM E9-32SA
Sh.II. , F.H. Gr. Clnd F.H. Gr. 38 Stg.

Fuze., A.Z.23 v(O.25j, Dopp. Z. 5/ 601 ., and Dapp. Z. 5/ 60 FI-.
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TM E9-32SA
Sh.II., F.H. Or. and F.H. Gr. 38 SI,.

F\ln. , A .Z.23 v(O.2S), Dapp. Z. S/ 6O •. , and Dopp. Z. SI 60 FI *.
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' 00
0.'9' ~11n>m
TM E9-325A
5h. lls, F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 51".

Funs, A .Z.23v(0 .25), Dopp. Z. 5/ 60s ., and Dopp. Z. 5/ 60 FI*.
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' 81
0.'9' ~11n>m
UNI V[RlfTY Of CALIfORNIA
TM f9-325A
Sh. II" F.H. Gr . and F.H. Gr. 38 Stg .

FI,I ~.s, A.Z.23y( O.25), Dopp. Z. S/ 60s., and Dopp. Z. S/ 6O FI*.
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UNIV,~\lTY Of (AllfORN IA
TM E9-32SA
She ll., F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 Stg.

Fuze. , A.Z.23v {O.2S), Dopp. Z. S/ 6OI., and Dopp. Z. S/ 60 FI*.
Muule Velocity , 866 fl . - Charge 3
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UNIVtl1'im Of UlJfORN lA
TM E9-32SA
She lls, F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 Stg.

Fuzes, A.Z.23v(O.2S), Dapp. I. S/ 6C)s., and Dopp. I . SI 60 Fl •.
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CHARGE 5
10'
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1M E9-3 25A
5h. II. , F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 31 St".

Funs, A .Z.23 v(O.25), Dapp. Z. S/ 60s., and Dopp. Z. SI 60 Fl • .
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TM E9-325A
She lls, f .H. Gr. and f .H. Gr. 38 Stg.

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Muzzle Velocity, 1283 f/ s - Chor"e 5
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Dn9. II"""
TM (9-325.
Shells, F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 Sig.

Fuze., A.l .23'1(0.25), Dopp. Z. S/ 60s., ond Dopp. Z. 5/ 60 FI*.
Muzzle Velocity, 1283 fl s - Charge 5
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Dn9. II"""
1M E9-325A
Shens, F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 Stg.

Fuzes, A .Z.23v{O.25), Dapp. Z. S/ 6Ot. , and Dapp. Z. SI 60 FI*.
Mu:r.r.le Velocity, 1283 fls -Chorge 5
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TM E9-32SA
5helll, F.H. Gr. and F.H . Gr. 38 5tg.

Fuzel, A .Z.23v(O.2S), Dopp. Z. 5/ 601. , ond Dopp. Z. 5/ 60 Fl • .
Muule Velocity, 1283 f / l - Charge 5
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TM E9-325A
5herr" F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 51".

FUUI, A.1.23v(O.25), Dopp. 1. 5/ 601., and Dopp. Z. 5/ 60 Fl • .
Muule V.locity, 1283 f l l - Charge 5
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TM E9-3 2SA
Sh.lIs, F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 31 Stg.

Fu,." A .Z.23\1(O.2S}, Dopp. Z. 5/ 601., a nd Dapp. Z. 5/ 60 Fl*.
MUIiJ. Velocity, 1S42 1/1_ Charg. 6
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TM E9-3 25A
She lls, F.H. Gr. and F.H. Gr. 38 Stg.

Fuze., A .Z.23,..{O.25), Dopp. Z. S/ 60 • ., and Dopp. Z. SI60 fl • •
Muzzl, V, IO(ity, 1542 f / s - Cha rge 6
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TM E9-325A
LIGHT FIELD HOWITZER, I05-MM (GERMAN)

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RANGE _ ELEVATION RELATION
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TM E9- 32SA
Shell, f .H. Gr. Nb.

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5796. 1
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9116.3
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210
U~IV[.qIfTY "'~
Of UUfOltN IA
•
TM E9- 325A
78
T"IU 1 .
Yer," /II ..... y .. ~. M..." Y•• ~. M ..... Y.,~. 101... "
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112.88
27 • .32
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3200
3300
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2926.1 6200
6300
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9200
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'" 345.76 HOO
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3600
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3383.3
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6033.1
6126.5
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8778 .3
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7600
6158.0
69.9.5
10500
10600 9692.7
1700 155 • . 5 ""
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1900
16.5.9
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7900
7132.3
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9875.5
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2100 1920.2 ~663 .• 8100 H06.7 I I I 00 101 4 9 .
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."
2600 2377 .• 5600 5120.7 8600 7863 .9 11600 10607.
2700 1(68.9 5700 5212.1 8700 7955.3 11700 10698.
2800 2560.3 5800 5303.5 1046.7 11100 10790.
2900 2651.8 5900 5395.0 8900 B138 .2 11900 10811.
,,,, 27.3.2 6000 5 .1 6 .• 9000 8229.6 12000 10972.
211
0.., 1/"""
TM E9.3Z5A
"
79 . ANGU lAR CONVERSION TA l LIES.
• 0
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212
"'9'''''
UNIV[~\ITY
In.
Of UJJfORNlA
TM E9·325A
80·82
CHAPTER 7
REFERENCES
80. PUBLICATIONS I NDEXES.
The following publications indexes should be consulted frequently
for latest changes or revisions of references given in this chapter and
for new publications relating to materiel covered in this manual:
B. I ntroduction to Ordnance Catalog (explain-
ing SNL system) ... " ... " .. .... " .. ", ............. ASF Cat.
ORO 1 IOe
b. Ordnance Publications for Supply Index
(index to SNL'$) ", .. ..... " .... .... .... ,.... " .. " ASF Cat.
ORO 2 OPSI
Co Index to Ordnance Publications (listing
FSM's, TM's, TC's, and TB's of interest
to Ordnance personnel, OPSR, FSMWQ's,
BSO, S of SR's, OSSC's, and OFSB's, and
including alphabetical listing of Ordnance
major items with publications pertaining
thereto) ,... ,.. .. " ... ,.. " ., .. ,......... ,.......... ,....... OFSB 1-1
d. List of Publications for Training ( listing
MR's, MTP's, T / BA's, T / A's, FM's,
TM's, TR's, TB's, SB's, MWO's, WOLO's,
and Firing Tables) ." ... " ... " ... .. ... " .. .. ... " ... FM 21-6
e. List of Training Films, F ilm Strips, and
Film Bulletins (listing TF's, FS's, and
FB's by serial number and subject) ........ FM 21 ~ 7
r. Mil itary Training Aids (listing graphic
training aids, models, devices, and dis-
plays) ... .. ... ....................................... ........ FM 21-8
81. STANDARD NOMENCLATURE U STS.
a. Cleaning, preserving, and lubricating ma~
terials; recoil fluids, special oils, and mis·
cellaneous re lated items .. " .. .. ................... ASF Cat.
OR05 SNLK· I
82. EXPLANATORY PUBUCATIONS.
a. Ammunition.
Ammunitio n, gene ral . .......... . .......... " ... TM 9-1900
Range regu lations for firing ammunition for
training and target practice .,' .. ................. . AR 750- 10
h. Cleaning, preserving, lubricating, and weld-
ing materia ls and similar items issued by
the Ordnance Department ............ .. , TM 9-850
213
Dr, ,I<,
• UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAI.IfORNIA
TM E9·325A
" GERMAN 10S-M'" HOWlnER MATERIEL
c. DKontamination.
Decontamination .......... , ...... " ... " .. " ... .. ... .. TM 3-220
Defense against chemical attack .... ... .. ... . FM 21-40
d. Fire Con trol.

Auxiliary fire control instruments (field
glasses, eyeglasses, telescopes, and
watches) ____ __ _,... _... ... __ _____ ., . _ ___ . TM 9-575
Field artillery fire control instruments ..... TM 6-220
e. Maintenance and Repair.
Artillery lubrication, general. . ,.. . " .. " .. ,," ,. OFSB 6-4
Cold weather lubrication and service of at·
tillery materiel OFSB 6-5
C. MilJ«lIaneou".
German S8-mm antiairCTaft gun materiel ... TM E9.J69A
Handbook on German military forces ..... .. TM 30-450
Military dictionary (English-German, Ger.
mpn_English) .. .. _, ..... ,' .. _, ... _"'_ " ,.. _"._" '._, TM 30-255
•
21.
I Q,i.v, . 1""'"
TM E9·325A
INDEX
Ac~e.. "
A
........ .. ... . .. .
Accident .. ammunition, field
'" AnIle of lite mount , ..... , , ... .
Ancular convenion table (degreeo
-"
..eport of . . .. . . , __...... 158 to mil.) .... , ..... " .. . , 212
Antifreu. COmpoundl . . , ... .. , ..
Adjuotment
Aimin, cirde
" ........ .
" Anilleria Rechenschi.ber 34 (5_ "
Anmary computer 34)
description
operation "" AniH",y computer 34
care .nd pr.... rv.tion . .. , 119
<>rie .,tinc .. . ... . ...... -
'" deocription , . ... . ..... , , .. 104, 106
, .. to and .dju.On"DU . ....... .
'" operation
no
Aimi", plete • .. , .... _. , ..... . . .
" 'u.mpl"
Aiming POll , , .. . ...... _
" , ..dinlll .... ...... ..... _..
..nine' __ " .. __ " .... , '"
Air den.ity. De"""" m •• u .... m"nt.
compared with American . 105 preparation for travel. .. , .. . . . '"n,
Air de""ity correction , . . . 108, 112
Air lellinc end renllinll eppar.tul 163
A.!imuth, to .... d ... . ,
Arimuth micrometer. battary com- '"
mande,'. tel",ope .
Ammunition
euthoti%1MI round • . ", ... , ., A%imuth mount '"
"
...., hendli"" end pr_l'Vetion ISS
• .,
nrtnd,e caN l.bel • . _ _ _ .'
wrce _d"" marking' . ... ,
deocription end identincation

150
151
., Bore ........ h ........ . .. _- . .. .
Bore .iKht
.
Balli.tic d.uo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - ,
'"
projectil.. 143 ute and p ..... rv.tion
propellinl char'et . , .. . .
field report of ."ddent. ___ . . 158
148 description .. . ... ,
oparetion . __ " . .. __ ... .. ,
""
fuze • . _, _. ___ ,._ . . " •.... 151
&1 ......1)' (0 ........... 10 Enelilh)
Bottom c.rria,e .. .
B .....
_.. ., ""
ammunition iteml
....... uD; I;"n term. ,'".. d.ta ........ , . .. .. , ..... , ... 5,6
daoc:riplion and functioni", ... 33
u"losiv ••
'"
..
in.pe<:tion.nd adjuotment 80
H.E. IHlen
pad:;"C . ___ .. ...

pflt".uliom in handlina: npl\lre<!
.
'"
'",
B •...,h mech.ni .....
a ..embly .... , . ... . . . " .. , ..
c. r. and p'eoervation , ... .... .
dftCription "
.mmunition
preparation for fir'n. ,.,
'" breech cover .. ,
oraeeh mecheni.m ......... . '"
7
prime.. _
tropial ammunition .. ,. . . '",
'"
di ..... mbly .. ..... . . . . .
"
weillhu of .hen and .><plooi,.. ..
(5 ... el_ Fir;nl tablet end
Projectil •• )
A.nlll. 0 1 .ite
functioninl
to do .. ... ,
to Optln ... . , . . .•• . . . . . . . .
Brooech rinl. inlpe<:tion and .d-
7
OS
..
jWltment _ ..... _ 77
G.rm.n value. _
to read ... . ... " ... ....... . ,,.
'" Breechblock
deocription end functioninl 7
A.nllle of lile mech.n;lm, battery i ... pe<:tion .nd adju._ant .. . . . 77
commander'. t.I....,_ .
138 B.-.echblock Ope ... tinl laver . . \I
215
0.., 1/"""
TM .9-32S",
GERMAN 105.MM HOWITZER MATERIEL
c
Cap (teroi1 meehln,,,,,), lront
CaP"ritift (l iquid) . , . .
Carria,e
utractor _ , .. __ . .
delCfiption and functioning ,
on
~.u and pr"..,,,,a!;On .
". ", Fire "'ntrol equipment

F
duc.iption and fun(lionint.
fluid. uH<l in . . _ "" ura and pr... rvation .
dncription
."
inlp&ction and adju.lment
malfunction. and cornelion. "" lubrie-nt • ... .
Firing m""bani.m
"
'"
Cartridge "....
charge IeCtion markin, • .. _ lSI ure and pretervalion . " ... .
label • .. , 150 description and functioning 12
""ddnll .. , . _ 152 ino]>«1.ion and .djuotm.... t . 77
Firing labl..
Computer 3 4 (S ... Artillery
computer 34)
Control plun .... , ( TO.coil mecluonilm) n
field bowiuer projectile (100:m '"
Pzgr.) . . .... , . ____ .190, 191
Control rod ( recoil m""hani.m) 22
field howitter sbell, smoke
Cooling cylinder 19 ( F .H. Gr. NG.)
C.-die
"10 . . .. , ... .. ..
'.'
charge 1
charlie :2 ,,,
""
deoc:ription charlie J
'"'"
'"" ,,,
cradle charge 4
crldle cover charge S
functioning
" charlie 6
~e]d howiuer .hello (F.H . Gr.) '"
D and ( F .H . Gr. 38 Slg.)
"
chari. 1
cMr._ :2
charge 3
'"
'"
E '"
cMr.e 4
'"
Eleva!i,,!! mechanism
,.
CM',_ S
cbu,e 6 '"'"
deocriplion and functionin,
, Firinll tbe bowitzer
..,"
effort of elevating ,u, fails 10 fire _ .. __ . .. , 80
uce ..ive " flnrt. '*<IuiTe<! 10 poinl' 10 be oboe",ed before and
<>perale during /ir;ng 48
intPl'Ction and adjustment prtlparalion of
10 elevate
Elevation (caui.ge ) , ammunition _ .. .. ,, 143,146
Enlfernunl,melOer 34 (S ... R ange

finder 34)
f","
rKOi] and coun terrecoil action
'"
. _. . 153, ISS
23
Equilib<.,OT
.i, pre •• ure 6
10 fir.
t o pl. "", in position .,"
48 Flasb reducer, ",rrection for
chad: be fore lidng
description and functionin, 17 Fu.e sette r '"
filling and chaTllini
ins!>*Ction and adjullment "", d ..cription
fu ••• euin. '"
'"
weigbt of operalion ..
- - - ...
'"
216
, 0..,
UNIV,~\lTY
II"""
Of (AllfORNIA
TM n·325A
INDEX
F-IContdJ
Fwe tetter .ime OCIIle ... '"
M al lun"'ion. and correc.ion._
"""deacription and p .... pa •• tion lot

firinl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Maloh Ih" pOinte. indue •• veri_
fiCal;on
Metro m ....le. "rtillery C<lmput.. r
le ........ 1 diocunion 152 34 ______ .. __ __ .. .. ..
MOUnl. telncopft '"
G d""mption ""
..'""
German. En,li.h translation. of verific.tion
(5.... T.an.l."on •• Germ.n
malch the pOinter ind .. "",, _. _,
'0 E o&!itl!) mounl
Ge..;ohtoi<l ..... (S .... W .. ie.ht_oon .. Muzzle <:over ____ __ .. , ,
marlr,nls) Muule vel""ity
Glo...ry ( German 10 Enllilh) ...
G ..... C<lntain<!"O . . .
,so C<ltTect,on
ltlaJIimum velocity '",
G ..... nd ... ".fe '"
'" o
G ..... nd.lulen Talel
'" Oil C<lntainen , . ,
Gunner'1 <I""d .... nt
" '"
'"
H
H ilh pre... u •• cylinder 23 Paclr, nll ammunition
•
Ho";uer '"
Pe ck;n, """.id,e "".eo
'"
...
Peri..,opa ________ ,
e.... end pr ......v.tion
ch ....."'.ri.. io. ",, Plotting .....1""
'""
deacription end ' unetionin, , Powder lempe"'IU' •. correction for 110
Prim...
Projectile
di ...... mbly .nd ...embly ..
;n.pection and adju,unent .. . "" C<lrr-ection for weillh.
melfunction. end correclion.
.," d....,ription of o1>ell.
oparalion .. . _.... _ , annor_pi.rcinll
high-e.pl..-ive ,.,
'"
. molre .. _--- ....
I '"
lnlpect,on
iden tification .
PTopellinl cha rlie '"
" d"""iption 148.15 1
identification
'"
L
•
Layine. th .. ho..; ..... r
Lilhl;ng unil ..- "' '",
Linee. C<lnven;on tables
,
m ....... to yerd. , _.. . ," , . .. ,

" R enlle. ma.imurn
Ranlle correction (a"illery corn_
pUler 34)
ya.d. 10 melen
Loood;ng the ho";l.e • .. , " _.. ,
'"
'" Ran,e find.,. 34
Lubri cant •• fir .. <:ontml equipment

'"" ute.nd pr .... rvation
char.clerittic. '"
'"
Lubricating &Un and hOM _
L ubrication '"" de..,ription
helving adj u .. ment '"
'"
217
,,' ~ ~"
TM E9·325A
GERMAN IOS·MM HOWITZI!R MATERllL
.-IContd)
Ran,,, findac 34--(Contd.) - Opentl,on ..... -. ... " ... ... . -'"
"..
o"",,,,tion ..... , .... . .
t'an,a ,dju'tment '" lett. and adjWtlrnflnb . .. ..... .
TeI ... ope (a,minl circle) __ .. _ . .
T ala .....pe RbI. F . 16 ......... ~ _
'"
dittant t."et method , .. ... .
infinity method.
R ocoil
'"
'" Teleocop,o RbI. F . 31 ....... , ... .
Teleocope verili.,.I'on _. __ ...... . "
abnonnal lenrth ot
", T aleoeope with e:nenoion , .. , .. _ . "
""
.
",...u<ementl ...•.... , , .. _ . , Top urna'8 __ .......... " ., .. .
R"""it cylinder Trail,
check before liring ..... " .... date .. , ... . . , . __ __ ......... , 5.6
de"tcription and functionin, _
fillin!! the cyli nder . ___ .. . "" da.eription and functionin, _
dilliculty in clOlina; ...... ..... . ""
.."
in.poo<t;on e nd ,djul1m,ol .. ,
Recoil mechan;"",
check durina; fir;na; .. .. , . ... . .
" T .. ntlaliono. German to Enclioh
air den,il), correction _
ammunition ...... .. .. _ . __ 105. 159
n,
detcription and functionin, .. _ .,.rtrid,• .,... lebell "" " ' . ' _ IS<I
RItCOj] pilton and rod .. , . ... . ,
", estenlial tranolation • ... . , , . . . . 6
.
Recuperator cylinder !lash .-.duc.r .. .... __ ... , , . . .. 110
.ir PTa..u" . _.. , metro mes ..ge table . _ .. . __ ... 108
chek before lirine ...... , Tra .. elin, pooition, to place
lillingen<! chergina; .. , ..... .
i n lpoction and adju.tmanl
Recupe.ator machani.m .
"78
we.ponin. , ...... " .... .
'moyening mecluoni,m
"" dueription and functioninl ... 31
.,
R ecuperator ram and rod effort of traye ... inl I"' ... . . _ 6
R ecuperator ram cylinder , , , .... ,
5
" inopect.ion and adjUllment
to traye .... ....
tray ..... (COIrro.ge) . __ ... ... .
'9
Tripod (.iming circle) . , ... _._

Saddle data ._ ______ _. __ .5,6 ,."".
COIre and pre",noalion ._
"
Safety lock .....
" ""
S'h ell, arTnQr-pierd nl ... .. ____ .
'" ch..,k before firing
Shftl!, high .... KplMin
be.!li.lic data
deocription , , ... _ .. , .
Shell •• mok~ . . _____ _ .. _ . __ .. __ .
.
'", w
'" Wei&hl-zone ma.kin ... ammunition 143
ShU r~moyer , , , , .... ,
Shield. tltlekne .. of plate '", _.
W elter_M al dun,. com""red wilh
metro m_le .. ___ . , ,os
...."
Sieht. bon, ($_ 80.... illht)
S'lIhl cover .... , ___ .. ___ . .. d....,ription and functioning ,
Siehlinll equipmenl , , , .. , '" in.pection .nd adjUitment , ....
Sped... trail
Sunoey,nll rod
"" ntplecement .. __ ___ _ .. .. . ,
Wind component "'lIing ..... _
'" Wrench.. '"
T enlin""r· • ....-.mch __ , , ...... , ..
'"
T anllent elevat'on. hrtmer}' com_
puter3.) . _....... ,. 115
twe wrench
z
'"
T el ..cope. boiler}' <"Omma nder·.
de-scriplion 131 ZUndentellunl in Grad yom K.e w: 105
IU.PD1'JULM-.4M
21'
PuBLICATI O NS DEPARTMENT· I'tAI'tITA" ARSENAL
" ,
UNIV[RlfTY Of CALIfORNIA

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•

WAR DEPARTMENT • 15 JUNE 1914

WAR DEPARTMENT 15 JUNE 1944

RESTRICTED DISSEMINATION OF RESTRICTED MtfTTER_

TM E9-325A, German 105_mm Howitzer Materiel, ' is published

A.O . 300.7 {23 Dee 42)J

DISTRIBUTION: As prescribed in P ar 9a, FM 21-6; X.

(For explanation of symbol, ~ FM 21-6.)

.... 2.:;'. .....ii

7 . REFERENCES . . " ... . -- -- ---- -. ---_ ... .....,

Flgllr. 1 Gorllt." 105.•• Howlh.r .".1 Carrl.,. Fr • .t Vie •

GERMAN l05. MM HOWITZER MATERIEL

M a ximum eleva tion (approx) 42 deg

GERMAN 105·MM HOWITZER AND CARRIAGE

4. GERl\1A, N 105.MM HOWITZER, 1936.

",. r. 4-'r•• clt Mecltoltl.",_ Rear Y" w

Figure ~'reeclt "". eltollism Fro'" View

(2) The breechblock is a sliding wedge. When in the closed posi-

Fl••,.. 6 ',eee. Op• •

DESCRIPTION AND fUNCTIONING OF HOWITZER

DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTIONING OF CARRIAGE

C RWO " MECHANISM ADJUSTING ROD

Figure 10 G.rmcrn 105·",,,, Howitzer oltd Corriog_Reor Vie.

Flglir. J I-Reeoll hldieotor

b. On the right side of the cradle is the recoil in dicatO,T (fig. II ).

9. EQUILIBRATOR MECHANI S ~I.

s. A single hydropneumatic equilibrator (fig. 12 ) is provided

ANTI .FR ICTION M'" • "_ _

- "ONT COOliNG CYliNDER FOLLOWER \ •z

GERMAN 105·MM HOWITZER MATERlll

g. On firing, the howitzer moves to the rear, pulling the recoi l

II. RECUP ERATOR MECHANISM.

" Or,~, .11<"",

FLUID LEVEL IGH PRESSURE CYliNDER

FI,.,.. IS ••UjMrator ".C •• ",••

12. TOP CA RRIAGE.

LOWER. PINTlE BEARING

UPPER PINTlE BEARING

F'gll'. 18--To, Carrlog_Vlew Showl.g Up,.,. old Low.r

F',III'. "-Upp.r ''',fle '_1'1., PI.t,. II "ace

13. BOTTOM CARRIAGE.

FI,.,. 20 I'o.ftlolt 0# Lockl", Meder"I.", Troll. Clo.ed

the howitzer is transferred directly to the wheels. Simultaneously,

14. ELEVATING MECIIANISM.

15. TRAVERSING MECHAl'.1SM.

18. WHEELS AND BRAKES.

19. ORA WBAR.

" GilMAN lOS-Milt HOWITZER MATERIEL

F/9.'" 27-1roJi:. Strop_l.ar VIew

DISC.lnION AND FUNCTIONING OF CARRIAGE "

SOliD RUBBER ' ' ' ',

23. TO OPERATE THE BREECH MECHANISM.

Figure 29 Cradl. Trov. llng Lock

24. POINTS TO BE OBSERVED BEFORE FIRING.

25. POINTS TO BE OBSERVED DURING FIRING.

INDEXING POINTER ON ToP CARRIAGE

Fl9ur. 37-111dedll9 "olnt.rs-Tral/. Closed

" UNIVE',,(,'"n "0: hiirul.NlA