All visitors MUST wear a safety helmet

Visitors HAVE TO get a safety helmet from reception

Can visitors choose to wear a safety helmet?

Is it a rule?
All visitors MUST wear a safety helmet

Visitors HAVE TO get a safety helmet from reception

Can visitors choose to wear a safety helmet? No

Is it a rule? Yes

For something it is necessary or the law to do (an obligation) we use

must and have to
Staff mustn’t stay in the building during the fire practice

Can staff choose to stay in the building?

Is it a rule?
Staff mustn’t stay in the building during the fire practice

Can staff choose to stay in the building? No

Is it a rule? Yes

For something you are not allowed to do (a prohibition) we use

mustn’t
Staff don’t have to wear smart clothes
Staff needn’t wear smart clothes

Can staff choose to wear or not to wear smart clothes?

Is it a rule?
Staff don’t have to wear smart clothes

Staff needn’t wear smart clothes

Can staff choose to wear or not to wear smart clothes? Yes

Is it a rule? No

For something it isn’t necessary to do (no necessity) we use

don’t have to and needn’t
Staff should tell the Health & Safety department if they have back problems

Staff ought to tell the Health & Safety department if they have back problems

Is it an obligation to tell the H&S department about their problems?

Is it a good idea to tell the H&S department about their problems?
Staff should tell the Health & Safety department if they have back
problems

Staff ought to tell the Health & Safety department if they have back
problems

Is it an obligation to tell the H&S department about their problems? No

Is it a good idea to tell the H&S department about their problems? Yes

For something that is a good idea or advice we use

should and ought to
For something it is necessary or the law to do (an obligation) we use
must and have to

For something you are not allowed to do (a prohibition) we use

mustn’t

For something it isn’t necessary to do (no necessity) we use

don’t have to and needn’t

For something that is a good idea or advice we use

should and ought to

When you drive…

wear a seatbelt wear comfortable shoes

wear sunglasses if it’s raining use your mobile phone
have your driving licence drink alcohol
When you drive..

You must wear a seatbelt

You should wear comfortable shoes
You don’t have to wear sunglasses if it’s raining
You mustn’t use your mobile phone
You have to have your driving licence
You mustn’t drink alcohol