9/4/2017 Fundamentals of Seismic Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation - International Petroleum Geoscience Training

FUNDAMENTALS OF SEISMIC
ACQUISITION, PROCESSING AND
INTERPRETATION
Home Fundamentals of Seismic Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation

Course Title : Fundamentals of Seismic Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation

Course Duration : 5 days
Contact training@extrg.com to schedule this course at your institution.

Course Description
The course is aimed at delivering the physical concepts involved in acquiring, processing and interpreting seismic data for  petroleum
exploration. At the outset, the course introduces the basics of hydrocarbon exploration in a regional setup including gravity, magnetic and 
refraction surveying.  The next stage of the course focuses on seismic wave propagation, ray theory, attenuation and other propagation
mechanisms associated with it. These principles are employed in the next section for developing an understanding of eld data acquisition
in land and marine environments. Seismic data processing schemes are then introduced to explain the signi cance associated with seismic
processing stages to obtain a good seismic section. The subsequent section on seismic interpretation is focused on introducing the
method of translating the observed seismic sections to geological information critical to hydrocarbon exploration. The next stage of the
course focuses on 3-D Seismics  for reservoir development and monitoring. Special interpretation methods using Amplitude Variation with
Offset and Spectral Decomposition methods will be discussed in the concluding session of the course.

Day 1
Introduction
Introduction
Exploration for Hydrocarbons – The Big Picture
Reconnaissance Survey for Regional mapping – Refraction, Gravity, Magnetic
Gravity & Magnetic Method for Basement Mapping
Regional Seismic Re ection Survey
Exploration Objectives
Seismic Method: Physical Principles
Stress, Strain, Particle Velocity and Wave Velocity

Wave Equation

Wave Propagation, Compressional, and Shear Wave

Surface Waves – Raleigh Wave, Love Wave

Refraction, Re ection, and Diffraction

Travel-time plots

Multiples

Re ection From Multiple Interfaces

Re ection Time – Zero Offset, Non-Zero Offset

Velocity and Density

Impedance and Impedance Contrast

Re ection Strength from Interfaces

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9/4/2017 Fundamentals of Seismic Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation - International Petroleum Geoscience Training
Re ection Polarity & Character

Effects of Medium on Wave Propagation

Spherical Spreading,

Absorption

Partitioning of energy at an interface, Zoeppritz’s equations

Day 2
Seismic Signal
Waveform – Amplitude, Power, Energy
Addition of Sinusoids, Harmonics – Fourier Series
Amplitude Spectra, Phase Spectra
Wavelet Phase: Minimum Phase, Maximum Phase, Zero Phase
Auto-correlation, Cross-correlation, and Convolution
Signal Sampling: Nyquist Frequency
Synthetic Seismogram
Seismic Data Acquisition
Seismic Source Characteristics

Land Data Acquisition

Seismic Source
Receiver: Geophone
Cable, Acquisition system
Line Layout, Navigation
Field Design Criteria
Marine Data Acquisition

Seismic Source
Receiver: Hydrophone
Streamer, Acquisition system
Line Layout, Navigation
Field Design Criteria
Concept of Common Depth Point Shooting, Multiplicity
Horizontal Re ector, Normal Move Out
Noise in Field Data
Ground Roll Suppression and Geophone Arrays
iSeismic Resolution: Horizontal and Vertical

DAY 3
Seismic Data Processing
Importance of  Good Seismic Processing Flow
Practical Seismic Data Processing: Pre-Stack and Post-Stack
Pre Processing
Geometry, Quality Control
Editing Muting, Sorting
Gain Adjustment
Prestack Processing
Filtering: Band Pass, FK Filtering
Deconvolution, Spiking Deconvolution, Predictive Deconvolution, Multiple Removal, Wavelet Shaping
Stacking Velocity Analysis: Constant Velocity Analysis, Constant Velocity Gather, Semblance, Velocity Spectrum
Residual Statics
Stacking
Post Stack Processing
Deconvolution
Filtering: Time Variant Filtering
Display, Time Variant Gain Plot
Velocity Modeling: Seismic Tomography
Migration: Time and Depth Migration
Frequency-Wavenumber (FK) migration<

Kirchoff (diffraction-stack) Migration

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9/4/2017 Fundamentals of Seismic Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation - International Petroleum Geoscience Training
Finite difference method of Wave Equation Migration

Prestack and Post Stack Migration

DAY 4
Seismic Data Interpretation
Seismic Measurements and Geology
Density, Compressional and Shear Wave Velocity and Geology
Generation of hydrocarbons and migration; Types of traps
Fundamental Geophysical Assumptions
Collecting and examining data
Picking Re ections
Mapping re ection horizons
Integrating Well data into interpretation
Recognizing Lithology
Clays and silts; clastics, carbonates, salt, basement, igneous and volcanic rocks
Re ections associated with hydrocarbon and diagentic effects
Seismic Expression of Structural Features
Faults
Folds
Reefs
Unconformities
Channels
Seismic Expression of Stratigraphic Traps
Contouring and Mapping
Grid contouring, computer contouring, isopachs

Day 5
3-D-Seismic Methods
Data Acquisition and , Processing
Display of 3-D data
3-D data interpretation
3-D Seismic Case Studies
4-D Seismics,   Reservoir Monitoring

Special Topics
Bright Spot, Dim Spot
AVO – Rock Physics and Fluid Replacement
Amplitude Variation With offset Analysis
AVO Modeling
AVO Cross-Plotting methods
Inversion of AVO attributes
Seismic Attributes
Reservoir Characterization through Seismic Attributes
Spectral decomposition
Pitfalls in Seismic Interpretation

Faculty:
Teaching faculty  hold Ph.D  with three  decades of  combined experience in academia and oil industry.
They teach professional courses all over the globe  for oil and mineral industry.
Contact training@extrg.com for more details.

Keywords: Petroleum, Gas, Oil, Hydrocarbon, Rock, Geology, Geophysics, Geoscience, Geologist, Geophysicist, Manager, Gravity, Magnetic,
Seismic, Well logging, Welllog, Seismic attributes, Mechanical properties, Conventional resources , Unconventional resources, Shale oil,
Shale gas

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9/4/2017 Fundamentals of Seismic Acquisition, Processing and Interpretation - International Petroleum Geoscience Training

Dallas : 972 908 0988

Houston : 281 509 9342

Email : training@extrg.com

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